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Bertin C, Zerhouni O, Perriot J, de Chazeron I, Brousse G, Flaudias V. Relationship between Tobacco Craving and Quality of Life among French Students: Results of a Cross-Sectional Study. Subst Use Misuse 2018; 53:942-948. [PMID: 29172869 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2017.1385634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the factors leading to smoking cessation is of primary importance in reducing the death burden. Recently introduced in the DSM-5, craving is a potentially promising mechanism involved in relapse, but its articulation with quality of life and deprivation on tobacco student's consumers has never been investigated. OBJECTIVES Our study explores the relationship between tobacco craving and sub-dimensions of quality of life when controlling effect of deprivation on a youth population with tobacco consumption. METHOD Comparison between deprived and non-deprived students were conducted with online questionnaires on demographic data, level of dependency, perceived quality of life, deprivation and craving. Multivariate linear regression with backward procedure was conducted to assess the predictive validity of these variables on craving. Finally, Bayesian analysis was conducted to evaluate the model proposed by the regression. RESULTS One hundred and seventy-four participants were included. Craving was significantly correlated with all the other variables and increases when the level of deprivation rises, while it decreases when physical health improves. These results are confirmed by Bayesian linear regression. Conclusions/Importance: Environmental and social factors are usually overlooked when it comes to understanding individuals, deeply rooted biological mechanisms such as craving. Working on physical health is of interest to diminished craving and improves the quality of life during smoking cessation and thereby to support success on the student population. Consequences for the triadic neurocognitive model of addiction are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Célian Bertin
- a Observatoire Français des Médicaments Antalgiques (OFMA), Inserm, Faculté de Médecine , Université Clermont Auvergne , Clermont-Ferrand , France.,b Centre de Pharmacovigilance et Addictovigilance, Pharmacologie Médicale , CHU Clermont-Ferrand , Clermont-Ferrand , France
| | - Oulmann Zerhouni
- c Université Paris Nanterre , Laboratoire Parisien de Psychologie Sociale, Département de Psychologie , Nanterre , France
| | - Jean Perriot
- d Dispensaire Émile Roux , Université Clermont Auvergne , Clermont-Ferrand , France.,e Pôle Psychiatrie B , CHU Clermont-Ferrand , Clermont-Ferrand , France
| | - Ingrid de Chazeron
- e Pôle Psychiatrie B , CHU Clermont-Ferrand , Clermont-Ferrand , France.,f EA NPsy-Sydo, Université Clermont Auvergne , Clermont-Ferrand , France
| | - Georges Brousse
- e Pôle Psychiatrie B , CHU Clermont-Ferrand , Clermont-Ferrand , France.,f EA NPsy-Sydo, Université Clermont Auvergne , Clermont-Ferrand , France
| | - Valentin Flaudias
- e Pôle Psychiatrie B , CHU Clermont-Ferrand , Clermont-Ferrand , France.,f EA NPsy-Sydo, Université Clermont Auvergne , Clermont-Ferrand , France
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Neighborhood deprivation and risk of head and neck cancer: A multilevel analysis from France. Oral Oncol 2017; 71:144-149. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2017.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Revised: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Uthman OA, Adedokun ST, Olukade T, Watson S, Adetokunboh O, Adeniran A, Oyetoyan SA, Gidado S, Lawoko S, Wiysonge CS. Children who have received no routine polio vaccines in Nigeria: Who are they and where do they live? Hum Vaccin Immunother 2017; 13:2111-2122. [PMID: 28665749 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2017.1336590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Nigeria has made remarkable progress against polio, but 2 wild polio virus cases were reported in August 2016; putting an end to 2 y without reported cases. We examined the extent of geographical disparities in childhren not vaccinated against polio and examined individual- and community-level predictors of non-vaccination in Nigeria. We applied multilevel logistic regression models to the recent Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey. The percentage of children not routinely vaccinated against polio in Nigeria varied greatly and clustered geographically, mainly in north-eastern states, with a great risk of spread of transmission within these states and potential exportation to neighboring states and countries. Only about one-third had received all recommended 4 routine oral polio vaccine doses. Non-vaccinated children tended to have a mother who had no formal education and who was currently not working, live in poorer households and were from neighborhoods with higher maternal illiteracy rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olalekan A Uthman
- a Warwick-Centre for Applied Health Research and Delivery (WCAHRD), Division of Health Sciences , University of Warwick Medical School , Coventry , UK.,b Centre for Evidence-based Health Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences , Stellenbosch University , Cape Town , South Africa
| | - Sulaimon T Adedokun
- a Warwick-Centre for Applied Health Research and Delivery (WCAHRD), Division of Health Sciences , University of Warwick Medical School , Coventry , UK.,c Department of Demography and Social Statistics , Obafemi Awolowo University , Ile-Ife , Nigeria
| | - Tawa Olukade
- d Center for Evidence-Based Global Health , Ilorin , Kwara State , Nigeria
| | - Samuel Watson
- a Warwick-Centre for Applied Health Research and Delivery (WCAHRD), Division of Health Sciences , University of Warwick Medical School , Coventry , UK
| | - Olatunji Adetokunboh
- e Department of Global Health , Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University , Cape Town , South Africa
| | - Adeyinka Adeniran
- f Department of Community Health & Primary Healthcare , Lagos State University College of Medicine , Lagos , Nigeria
| | | | - Saheed Gidado
- h Lagos Mainland Local Government, Ebute Meta, Lagos, Nigeria ; Nigeria Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Programme , Abuja , Nigeria
| | - Stephen Lawoko
- i Department of Public Health Sciences , Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden.,j Faculty of Health Sciences , Victoria University , Kampala , Uganda
| | - Charles S Wiysonge
- b Centre for Evidence-based Health Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences , Stellenbosch University , Cape Town , South Africa.,k Cochrane South Africa , South African Medical Research Council , Cape Town , South Africa
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Bryere J, Pornet C, Copin N, Launay L, Gusto G, Grosclaude P, Delpierre C, Lang T, Lantieri O, Dejardin O, Launoy G. Assessment of the ecological bias of seven aggregate social deprivation indices. BMC Public Health 2017; 17:86. [PMID: 28095815 PMCID: PMC5240241 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-4007-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In aggregate studies, ecological indices are used to study the influence of socioeconomic status on health. Their main limitation is ecological bias. This study assesses the misclassification of individual socioeconomic status in seven ecological indices. Methods Individual socioeconomic data for a random sample of 10,000 persons came from periodic health examinations conducted in 2006 in 11 French departments. Geographical data came from the 2007 census at the lowest geographical level available in France. The Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curves, the areas under the curves (AUC) for each individual variable, and the distribution of deprived and non-deprived persons in quintiles of each aggregate score were analyzed. Results The aggregate indices studied are quite good “proxies” for individual deprivation (AUC close to 0.7), and they have similar performance. The indices are more efficient at measuring individual income than education or occupational category and are suitable for measuring of deprivation but not affluence. Conclusions The study inventoried the aggregate indices available in France and evaluated their assessment of individual SES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine Bryere
- "Cancers & Préventions" U1086 INSERM-UCN, Centre François Baclesse, Avenue Général Harris, 14076, Caen, France.
| | - Carole Pornet
- "Cancers & Préventions" U1086 INSERM-UCN, Centre François Baclesse, Avenue Général Harris, 14076, Caen, France.,Pôle recherche, CHU de Caen, Avenue de la Côte de Nacre, 14033, Caen, France.,Université de Caen Normandie, Esplanade de la paix, 14000, Caen, France
| | - Nane Copin
- IRSA, 45 rue de la Parmentière, 37521, La Riche, Cedex, France
| | - Ludivine Launay
- "Cancers & Préventions" U1086 INSERM-UCN, Centre François Baclesse, Avenue Général Harris, 14076, Caen, France.,Centre François Baclesse, Avenue Général Harris, 14076, Caen, France
| | - Gaëlle Gusto
- IRSA, 45 rue de la Parmentière, 37521, La Riche, Cedex, France
| | - Pascale Grosclaude
- UMR 1027 INSERM, Faculté de médecine, 37 allée Jules Guesde, 31073, Toulouse, France
| | - Cyrille Delpierre
- UMR 1027 INSERM, Faculté de médecine, 37 allée Jules Guesde, 31073, Toulouse, France.,Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, cedex 9, France
| | - Thierry Lang
- UMR 1027 INSERM, Faculté de médecine, 37 allée Jules Guesde, 31073, Toulouse, France.,Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, cedex 9, France
| | | | - Olivier Dejardin
- "Cancers & Préventions" U1086 INSERM-UCN, Centre François Baclesse, Avenue Général Harris, 14076, Caen, France.,Pôle recherche, CHU de Caen, Avenue de la Côte de Nacre, 14033, Caen, France
| | - Guy Launoy
- "Cancers & Préventions" U1086 INSERM-UCN, Centre François Baclesse, Avenue Général Harris, 14076, Caen, France.,Pôle recherche, CHU de Caen, Avenue de la Côte de Nacre, 14033, Caen, France.,Université de Caen Normandie, Esplanade de la paix, 14000, Caen, France
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Uthman OA, Ekström AM, Moradi TT. Influence of socioeconomic position and gender on current cigarette smoking among people living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa: disentangling context from composition. BMC Public Health 2016; 16:998. [PMID: 27650204 PMCID: PMC5029089 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-3637-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 09/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Smoking is still gaining ground in Sub-Saharan Africa, especially among socially disadvantaged groups. People living with HIV represent a subgroup with a significantly elevated prevalence of cigarette smoking. The objective of the study was to examine the influence of individual-, neighbourhood- and country-level socioeconomic position on current cigarette smoking among people living with HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa. Methods We applied multivariable multilevel logistic regression analysis on Demographic and Health Survey data collected between 2003 and 2012 in sub-Saharan Africa. We identified 31,270 individual living with HIV (Level 1) nested within 7,054 neighbourhoods (Level 2) from 19 countries (Level 3). Results After adjustment for individual-, neighbourhood- and country-level factors, respondents, the following significant independent risk factors for increasing odds of being a current cigarette smokers among people living with HIV: male gender (odds ratio [OR] = 62.49; 95 % credible interval [CrI] 45.93 to 78.28), from the poorer households (OR = 1.62, 95 % CrI 1.38 to 1.90); living in urban areas (OR = 1.24, 95 % CrI 1.09 to 1.41), from neighbourhoods with low poverty rate (OR = 1.25, 95 % CrI 1.09 to 1.43), illiteracy rate (OR = 1.28, 95 % CrI 1.14 to 1.42), low unemployment rate (OR = 1.11, 95 % crI 1.01 to 1.43); and from countries with low socio-economic deprivation (OR = 1.53, 95 CrI 1.08 to 1.96). About 3.4 % and 39.4 % variation in cigarette smoking behaviour among people living with HIV is conditioned by differences between neighbourhoods and countries. Conclusions Gender, education and socioeconomic context are independently associated with current cigarette smoking among people living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olalekan A Uthman
- Department of Public Health (IHCAR), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Warwick-Centre for Applied Health Research and Delivery (WCAHRD), Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, The University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK. .,Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, International Health Group, Liverpool, Merseyside, UK.
| | - Anna Mia Ekström
- Department of Public Health (IHCAR), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tahereh T Moradi
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Division of Epidemiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Centre for Epidemiology and Social Medicine, Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
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Wang Q, Shen JJ, Cochran C. Unemployment Rate, Smoking in China: Are They Related? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 13:ijerph13010113. [PMID: 26761019 PMCID: PMC4730504 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13010113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 12/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background: Studies on the relationship between unemployment rate and smoking have yielded mixed results. The issue in China has not been studied. This study aims to examine the influence of unemployment rate on smoking in China. Methods: Logit model and two-stage least squares (2SLS) estimation were used to estimate the effects. Estimations were done for 4585 individual over 45 using data from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study conducted in Zhejiang and Gansu provinces in 2008 and 2012. Results: A percent increase in the unemployment rate resulted in the increase in the likelihood of smoking by a combined 9.1 percent for those who smoked including a 2.9% increase for those who smoked 1–10 cigarettes per day; a 2.8% increase for those who smoked 11–20 cigarettes per day; and a 3.4% increase for those who smoked 20 cigarettes or more per day. The effects were stronger for those who were employed. Non-drinkers were more likely to engage in smoking with increased unemployment rate. 2SLS estimation revealed the same association. Conclusions: The unemployment rate was positively associated with smoking behavior. Smoking control and intervention strategies should focus on both the individual′s characteristics and the physical environment in which unemployment rate tend to rise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wang
- School of Business, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China.
| | - Jay J Shen
- School of Community Health Sciences, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89103, USA.
| | - Chris Cochran
- Department of Health Care Administration, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89103, USA.
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Patterson KAE, Cleland V, Venn A, Blizzard L, Gall S. A cross-sectional study of geographic differences in health risk factors among young Australian adults: the role of socioeconomic position. BMC Public Health 2014; 14:1278. [PMID: 25512127 PMCID: PMC4300821 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-1278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It remains unclear why living outside of an urban environment affects aspects of health, particularly whether these differences can be explained by other factors such as socioeconomic position (SEP). The aim of this study was to compare health risk factors between metropolitan and non-metropolitan young Australian adults and examine whether socioeconomic position (SEP) mediates any differences. Methods Cross-sectional data came from an Australia-wide sample of 26–36 year-olds (n = 2567). Information on demographic characteristics, smoking, alcohol consumption, diet, physical activity (PA, mins/week) and mental health were collected by questionnaire, BMI from measured height and weight and daily steps using pedometers. Metropolitan versus non-metropolitan residence was classified from addresses. SEP included individual-level (education, occupation) and area-level measures. Prevalence ratios and ratio of means were calculated using log binomial, log multinomial and linear regression techniques. Results Non-metropolitan residents were less likely to meet 2 or more dietary guidelines, reported less leisure-time PA and active commuting but more occupational and domestic PA than metropolitan residents. Non-metropolitan women were more likely to smoke and be obese. No differences in mental health were found. After adjusting for SEP, differences remained significant except for leisure-time PA (men and women) and smoking (women). Conclusions Living outside metropolitan areas was associated with more risk factors in these young adults. Individual SEP and area-level disadvantage generally did not explain these differences, suggesting that a focus on geographic location as its own social determinant of health, beyond SEP, is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kira A E Patterson
- Menzies Research Institute Tasmania, Private Bag 23, Hobart 7001, Tasmania, Australia.
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Neighborhood contextual factors for smoking among middle-aged Japanese: a multilevel analysis. Health Place 2014; 31:17-23. [PMID: 25463913 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2014.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Revised: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to explore neighborhood contextual factors in terms of smoking behaviors among middle-aged Japanese, by using a multilevel analysis. Subjects were Japanese men and women, between 40 and 59 years of age (40,961 for the cross-sectional analysis, and 9,177 for the longitudinal analysis), nested in 39 neighborhoods (Kyuson). The results showed that women in a less residentially stable neighborhood were more likely to be smokers. No associations were seen between current smoking and neighborhood deprivation; however, women in the most deprived neighborhood were more likely to quit smoking. This study is the first to demonstrate the associations between neighborhood environment and current smoking or smoking cessation, in a Japanese setting. The findings imply that policy makers should consider targeting neighborhood conditions in order to help reduce smoking prevalence, especially among women.
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Arcaya M, Glymour MM, Christakis NA, Kawachi I, Subramanian SV. Individual and spousal unemployment as predictors of smoking and drinking behavior. Soc Sci Med 2014; 110:89-95. [PMID: 24727666 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2014.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Revised: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The effects of unemployment on health behaviors, and substance use in particular, is still unclear despite substantial existing research. This study aimed to assess the effects of individual and spousal unemployment on smoking and alcohol consumption. The study was based on eight waves of geocoded Framingham Heart Study Offspring Cohort data (US) from 1971 to 2008 that contained social network information. We fit three series of models to assess whether lagged 1) unemployment, and 2) spousal unemployment predicted odds of being a current smoker or drinks consumed per week, adjusting for a range of socioeconomic and demographic covariates. Compared with employment, unemployment was associated with nearly twice the subsequent odds of smoking, and with increased cigarette consumption among male, but not female, smokers. In contrast, unemployment predicted a one drink reduction in weekly alcohol consumption, though effects varied according to intensity of consumption, and appeared stronger among women. While spousal unemployment had no effect on substance use behaviors among men, wives responded to husbands' unemployment by reducing their alcohol consumption. We conclude that individual, and among women, spousal unemployment predicted changes in substance use behaviors, and that the direction of the change was substance-dependent. Complex interactions among employment status, sex, and intensity and type of consumption appear to be at play and should be investigated further.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M Maria Glymour
- Harvard University, University of California, San Francisco, USA
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Cai L, Wu X, Goyal A, Han Y, Cui W, He J, Xiao X, Zhao K, Jiao F, Song Y. Multilevel analysis of the determinants of smoking and second-hand smoke exposure in a tobacco-cultivating rural area of southwest China. Tob Control 2013; 22 Suppl 2:ii16-20. [PMID: 23708268 PMCID: PMC3756459 DOI: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2012-050850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2012] [Accepted: 03/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine contextual and individual demographical predictors of smoking and exposure to second-hand smoke (SHS) in a tobacco-cultivating rural area of southwest China. METHODS A cross-sectional survey of 4070 consenting individuals aged 18 years or more was conducted in 2010. Information on demographical characteristics, tobacco smoking status and SHS exposure were obtained by a standard questionnaire. Multilevel logistic regression was used to model the variation in prevalence of smoking and SHS exposure. RESULTS In the study population, the prevalence rates of smoking and exposure to SHS were 63.5% and 74.7% for men, and 0.6% and 71.2% for women, respectively. Men were more likely to use tobacco than women: OR 8.27, 95% CI (4.83 to 10.97). Age was inversely associated with the probability of tobacco use (OR 0.98, 95% CI 0.97 to 0.99), and exposure to SHS (OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.96 to 0.99). Individual educational level was inversely associated with smoking, but showed no association with exposure to SHS. Adults who did not grow tobacco were less likely to consume tobacco (OR 0.75, 95% CI 0.57 to 0.99) and to be exposed to SHS (OR 0.76, 95% CI 0.58 to 0.99). Living in a high-income community was associated with a low rate of current smoking (OR 0.66, 95% CI 0.57 to 0.77) and SHS exposure (OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.52 to 0.65). CONCLUSIONS Future interventions to reduce smoking and exposure to SHS in China should focus more on tobacco farmers, less-educated individuals and on poor rural communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Cai
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.
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Merson F, Perriot J. Impact de la précarité et de la perspective temporelle sur le sevrage tabagique. Presse Med 2012; 41:e43-51. [PMID: 22000503 DOI: 10.1016/j.lpm.2011.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2011] [Revised: 07/13/2011] [Accepted: 07/27/2011] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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Giatti L, Barreto SM. Tabagismo, situação no mercado de trabalho e gênero: análise da PNAD 2008. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2011; 27:1132-42. [DOI: 10.1590/s0102-311x2011000600010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2010] [Accepted: 03/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
O presente estudo teve como objetivo verificar se o tabagismo atual está associado à inserção no mercado de trabalho, após ajuste por escolaridade, renda e saúde em homens e mulheres; objetivou, também, discutir hipóteses explicativas. Foram estudados indivíduos de 15 a 64 anos, residentes em regiões metropolitanas brasileiras, pertencentes à população economicamente ativa, incluídos na Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios (2008). Razão de prevalência (RP) e intervalo de 95% de confiança (IC95%) foram obtidos pela regressão de Poisson. Após ajustes, o tabagismo foi estatisticamente maior em indivíduos inseridos no trabalho sem proteção social (homens, RP = 1,31, IC95%: 1,24-1,38; mulheres, RP = 1,22, IC95%: 1,12-1,31) e desempregados (homens, RP = 1,31, IC95%: 1,18-1,44; mulheres, RP = 1,16, IC95%: 1,03-1,32). Prevalências mais altas de tabagismo foram observadas nos homens inseridos no trabalho sem proteção social. Nossos resultados confirmam que a situação no mercado de trabalho é uma dimensão independente das desigualdades sociais no tabagismo. O gradiente social observado foi mais acentuado nos homens, mas a associação entre inserção no trabalho e tabagismo está presente nos dois gêneros.
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Merson F, Perriot J. Précarité sociale et perception du temps, impact sur le sevrage tabagique. SANTE PUBLIQUE 2011. [PMID: 22177703 DOI: 10.3917/spub.115.0359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Riala K, Hakko H, Taanila A, Räsänen P. SEASON OF BIRTH AND SMOKING: FINDINGS FROM THE NORTHERN FINLAND 1966 BIRTH COHORT. Chronobiol Int 2009; 26:1660-72. [DOI: 10.3109/07420520903534484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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