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Skamagki G, Carpenter C, King A, Wåhlin C. How do Employees with Chronic Musculoskeletal Disorders Experience the Management of Their Condition in the Workplace? A Metasynthesis. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL REHABILITATION 2023; 33:702-712. [PMID: 36849842 PMCID: PMC10684637 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-023-10099-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This metasynthesis contributes to an understanding of the experiences, perceptions, and attitudes of employees on managing chronic musculoskeletal disorders (CMSDs) at work. Many studies in this field are concerned with prevention or return-to-work (RTW) programmes. However, the purpose of this review was to synthesise evidence that only focuses on the employees' management of their CMSDs at work. The SPIDER framework was used to structure the question "How do employees with CMSDs experience the management of their condition in the workplace"? The literature search focused on articles published between 2011 and 2021, and the search was conducted using the following databases: MEDLINE, SCOPUS, CINAHL, AMED, PsycINFO. The review identified nine articles that explored employees' experiences of managing CMSDs at work. Thematic synthesis was used to create analytic themes which provided a more in-depth discussion of these experiences. The identified themes were: 'employees actively seek ways to manage their conditions', 'influence of work environment on employees with CMSDs' and 'optimising the relationship between employees and managers. This metasynthesis suggests that the ability to negotiate workplace support and manage CMSDs at work is influenced by the cultural and social environment of the organisation. Effective communication, care and trust between the employee is needed. The review also illustrated the need for healthcare professionals to provide support to employees at work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glykeria Skamagki
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
| | - Christine Carpenter
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Andrew King
- Department of Physiotherapy, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
| | - Charlotte Wåhlin
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine Center, Division of Prevention, Rehabilitation and Community Medicine, Unit of Intervention and Implementation Research, Institute for Environmental Medicine, Linköping University, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Skamagki G, Carpenter C, King A, Wåhlin C. Management of Chronic Musculoskeletal Disorders in the Workplace from the Perspective of Older Employees: A Mixed Methods Research Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19159348. [PMID: 35954704 PMCID: PMC9367967 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: This mixed methods research (MMR) study explored older employees’ experiences of chronic musculoskeletal disorders (CMSDs) in relation to their employment, their perspectives on managing these conditions in the workplace and the strategies used to facilitate and maintain their roles and responsibilities. The services offered to them were also identified. (2) Methods: A mixed methods exploratory sequential design was implemented. In the first qualitative phase, 16 semi-structured interviews gathered in-depth information from older employees. The findings informed the development of an online questionnaire in the survey phase, which was administered to older employees (N = 107). Both sets of findings were then integrated using a narrative joint display. (3) Results: The phenomena of presenteeism and leaveism were important components of employees’ strategies for managing their condition. The integrated findings highlighted the roles of employers, managers and social support in encouraging disclosure and supporting the management of CMSDs. The results also emphasised how self-management and professional health services are crucial for sustaining employability. (4) Conclusions: Current challenges call for employers to identify effective ways to support the ageing workforce and invest in training opportunities for managers and collaborative opportunities with healthcare professionals and other stakeholders. A flexible, empathetic and resourceful work environment is optimal for supporting sustained employability for an ageing workforce.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glykeria Skamagki
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-(0)-121-678-1000
| | - Christine Carpenter
- Department of Occupational Sciences and Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada;
| | - Andrew King
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health, Department of Physiotherapy, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK;
| | - Charlotte Wåhlin
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine Center, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Division of Prevention, Division of Rehabilitation and Community Medicine, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden;
- Unit of Intervention and Implementation Research, Institute for Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
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King WV, Hebron C. Frozen shoulder: living with uncertainty and being in "no-man's land". Physiother Theory Pract 2022; 39:979-993. [PMID: 35164645 DOI: 10.1080/09593985.2022.2032512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frozen Shoulder (FS) is a painful debilitating condition that is a significant burden to those experiencing it and healthcare systems. Despite research investigating the pathogenesis and effective treatment for the condition, there is a paucity of research exploring how having frozen shoulder is lived through and meaningful to persons experiencing it. OBJECTIVE To explore how living with Frozen Shoulder is experienced and meaningful. METHODS A qualitative research study design using hermeneutic phenomenology methodology was used. In-depth unstructured interviews were conducted with six purposively recruited participants. Interpretive Phenomenological methods were used to analyze the data forming emergent, superordinate and master themes to qualitatively expose the meaningful aspects of living through FS. FINDINGS Five Master themes were identified: 1) "Dropping me to my knees," an incredible pain experience; 2) The struggle for normality; 3) An emotional change of self; 4) The challenges of the healthcare journey; and 5) Coping and adapting. The overarching 'binding theme' was Frozen Shoulder: Living with uncertainty and being in "no-man's land." CONCLUSIONS This study illuminated the struggle to maintain a normal life while living with the significant pain, physical restriction, sleep loss and disability experienced by persons with Frozen Shoulder. Attempts to cope and adapt were impeded by the challenges of the healthcare journey. The uncertainty of these experiences was conveyed as being in "no man's land" an expression that reflected the existential crisis and impact on persons' sense of self.
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Affiliation(s)
- William V King
- Bognor War Memorial Hospital, Sussex Community NHS Foundation Trust, Bognor Regis, UK
| | - Clair Hebron
- School of Sport and Health Sciences, Brighton University, Eastbourne, UK
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Page MJ, O'Connor DA, Malek M, Haas R, Beaton D, Huang H, Ramiro S, Richards P, Voshaar MJH, Shea B, Verhagen AP, Whittle SL, van der Windt DA, Gagnier JJ, Buchbinder R. Patients' experience of shoulder disorders: a systematic review of qualitative studies for the OMERACT Shoulder Core Domain Set. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2019; 58:kez046. [PMID: 30843587 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kez046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Revised: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe the experiences (including symptoms and perceived impacts on daily living) of people with a shoulder disorder. METHODS Systematic review of qualitative studies. We searched for eligible qualitative studies indexed in Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, CINAHL (EBSCO), SportDiscus (EBSCO) and Ovid PsycINFO up until November 2017. Two authors independently screened studies for inclusion, appraised their methodological quality using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklist, used thematic synthesis methods to generate themes describing the experiences reported by participants and assessed the confidence in the findings using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation Confidence in Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative research (GRADE-CERQual) approach. RESULTS The inclusion criteria were met by eight studies, which included 133 participants (49 females and 84 males) with either rotator cuff disease, adhesive capsulitis, proximal humeral fracture, shoulder instability or unspecified shoulder pain. We generated seven themes to describe what people in the included studies reported experiencing: pain; physical function/activity limitations; participation restriction; sleep disruption; cognitive dysfunction; emotional distress; and other pathophysiological manifestations (other than pain). There were interactions between the themes, with particular experiences impacting on others (e.g. pain leading to reduced activities and sleep disruption). Following grading of the evidence, we considered it likely that most of the review findings were a reasonable representation of the experiences of people with shoulder disorders. CONCLUSION Patients with shoulder disorders contend with considerable disruption to their life. The experiences described should be considered by researchers seeking to select the most appropriate outcomes to measure in clinical trials and other research studies in people with shoulder disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Page
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne
| | - Denise A O'Connor
- Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute, Malvern
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne
| | - Mary Malek
- Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Romi Haas
- Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute, Malvern
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne
| | - Dorcas Beaton
- Institute of Health & Work and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hsiaomin Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sofia Ramiro
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden
- Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, The Netherlands
| | - Pamela Richards
- Academic Rheumatology Bristol, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Marieke J H Voshaar
- Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Beverley Shea
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Samuel L Whittle
- Rheumatology Unit, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Danielle A van der Windt
- Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, UK
| | - Joel J Gagnier
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Rachelle Buchbinder
- Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute, Malvern
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne
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Fassier JB, Sarnin P, Rouat S, Péron J, Kok G, Letrilliart L, Lamort-Bouché M. Interventions Developed with the Intervention Mapping Protocol in Work Disability Prevention: A Systematic Review of the Literature. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL REHABILITATION 2019; 29:11-24. [PMID: 29948471 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-018-9776-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Purposes Intervention mapping (IM) is a protocol for developing effective behavior change interventions. It has been used for 10 years to develop work disability prevention (WDP) interventions, but it is not known to what extent and with what success. The main objective of this study was to review the effectiveness of these interventions. Secondary objectives were to review their fidelity to the IM protocol, their theoretical frameworks and their content. Methods A search strategy was conducted in MEDLINE, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Pascal, Francis, and BDSP. All titles and abstracts were reviewed. A standardized extraction form was developed. All included studies were reviewed by two reviewers blinded to each other. Results Eight WDP interventions were identified aimed at return to work (RTW; n = 6) and self-management at work (n = 2). RTW interventions targeted workers with stress-related mental disorders (n = 1), low back pain (n = 1), musculoskeletal disorders (n = 1), cancer (n = 2) and gynecological surgery (n = 1). The fidelity to the IM protocol was weaker for the participatory planning group. Matrices of change, change methods, and applications were systematically reported. The main theoretical frameworks used were the attitude-social influence-self efficacy model (n = 4) and the theory of planned behavior (n = 2). Half of the interventions included a workplace component (n = 4). Two interventions were reported as effective, and one partially effective. Conclusion The IM protocol is used in WDP since 2007. The participative dimension appears underused. Few theoretical frameworks were used. Implications are to better consider the stakeholders involvement, and mobilize theoretical frameworks with greater attempts to intervene on the work environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- J B Fassier
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Unité mixte de recherche Epidémiologique et de Surveillance Transport Travail Environnement, UMRESTTE UMR T 9405, 8 Avenue Rockefeller, 69008, Lyon, France.
- Hospices civils de Lyon, service de médecine et santé au travail, Lyon, France.
| | - P Sarnin
- Univ Lyon, Université Lumière Lyon 2, GREPS - EA 4163 (Groupe de recherche en psychologie sociale), Lyon, France
| | - S Rouat
- Univ Lyon, Université Lumière Lyon 2, GREPS - EA 4163 (Groupe de recherche en psychologie sociale), Lyon, France
| | - J Péron
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive LBBE - UMR 5558, Lyon, France
- Service d'oncologie médicale. Institut de Cancérologie des Hospices Civils de Lyon (IC-HCL), Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - G Kok
- Department of Work and Social Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - L Letrilliart
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Health Services and Performance Research, HESPER Université Lyon 2, Lyon, France
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Collège Universitaire de médecine générale, 8 Avenue Rockefeller, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - M Lamort-Bouché
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Unité mixte de recherche Epidémiologique et de Surveillance Transport Travail Environnement, UMRESTTE UMR T 9405, 8 Avenue Rockefeller, 69008, Lyon, France
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Collège Universitaire de médecine générale, 8 Avenue Rockefeller, 69008, Lyon, France
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Oakman J, Kinsman N, Briggs AM. Working with Persistent Pain: An Exploration of Strategies Utilised to Stay Productive at Work. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL REHABILITATION 2017; 27:4-14. [PMID: 26800700 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-016-9626-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Maintaining productive employment for people with persistent pain conditions is challenging. This study aims to explore supports-work and non-work- used by employees to assist them in maintaining productive employment. Methods An exploratory, mixed-methods study comprising a questionnaire battery followed by semi-structured interviews to collect in-depth qualitative data was undertaken. The questionnaires measured descriptive variables used to select participants for interviews based on maximum heterogeneity sampling. Thirty-five semi-structured interviews were undertaken (14 males; 21 females). The interview schedule covered: employment situation, workplace challenges, workplace supports, coping strategies, motivations, future employment options and any other resources utilised. Inductive content analysis was undertaken using a grounded theory approach to systematically explore the data. Results Three key themes were identified: barriers to working productively, enablers to working productively, disclosing my condition at work. A key determinant of maintaining productive employment was a supportive employer. In addition, flexibility in the work organisation was also pivotal in maintaining sustainable, productive employment. An important issue emerged with regard to disclosure of one's condition to an employer. For some, this was a significant barrier to employment. Conclusions To ensure sustainable employment is attainable for those with persistent pain conditions, a good match is required between an employee and their work. Workplace accommodations may assist with improving job fit but this requires disclosure of a condition to an employer. Weighing up the risks and benefits of disclosure is difficult, and may be assisted by knowledge of available supports to assist with maintaining ongoing employment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jodi Oakman
- Centre for Ergonomics and Human Factors, School of Psychology and Public Health, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, 3086, Australia.
| | - Natasha Kinsman
- Centre for Ergonomics and Human Factors, School of Psychology and Public Health, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, 3086, Australia
| | - Andrew M Briggs
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia
- Arthritis and Osteoporosis Victoria, Elsternwick, VIC, 3185, Australia
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Hutting N, Detaille SI, Heerkens YF, Engels JA, Staal JB, Nijhuis-van der Sanden MWG. Experiences of Participants in a Self-Management Program for Employees with Complaints of the Arm, Neck or Shoulder (CANS): A Mixed Methods Study. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL REHABILITATION 2017; 27:35-48. [PMID: 26875155 PMCID: PMC5306216 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-016-9630-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the experiences of participants of a self-management program for employees with complaints of the arm, neck or shoulder (CANS). The program consisted of six group sessions combined with an eHealth module. Methods Semi-structured interviews with the first 31 consecutive participants of the intervention group participating in a randomized controlled trial. Participants were interviewed after their last group session. Semi-structured interviews were guided by an interview guide and audio-recorded. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis and the emerging themes were discussed. All participants in the intervention group were asked about their experiences with a questionnaire at three (n = 58) and 12-months (n = 53) follow-up. Results Most participants appreciated the diversity of the program and benefited from the interaction with their peers. The eHealth module, although not used by everyone, was generally experienced as positive, especially the section with the physical exercises. Participants obtained more insight into their complaints and increased awareness, which contributed to the acceptance of and coping with the complaints. There was also criticism about the content of the program and the lack of a follow-up session. Results of the questionnaires showed that participants had a high level of satisfaction. Conclusions In general, the intervention fitted the needs of employees with CANS. Participants obtained more knowledge and insight into their complaints, as well as increased awareness; all this contributed to a behavioral change and improved coping. Many participants made changes at work and during their leisure time, whereas some felt that continuing their 'changed' behavior would be a challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Hutting
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, IQ Healthcare, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
- Research Group Occupation and Health, Faculty of Health and Social Studies, HAN University of Applied Sciences, PO Box 6960, 6503 GL, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Sarah I Detaille
- Research Group Occupation and Health, Faculty of Health and Social Studies, HAN University of Applied Sciences, PO Box 6960, 6503 GL, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- HAN Seneca, Expertise Centre for Sports, Work and Health, HAN University of Applied Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Yvonne F Heerkens
- Research Group Occupation and Health, Faculty of Health and Social Studies, HAN University of Applied Sciences, PO Box 6960, 6503 GL, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Josephine A Engels
- Research Group Occupation and Health, Faculty of Health and Social Studies, HAN University of Applied Sciences, PO Box 6960, 6503 GL, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - J Bart Staal
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, IQ Healthcare, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Research Group Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health and Social Studies, HAN University of Applied Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Feleus A, Miedema HS, Bierma-Zeinstra SMA, Hoekstra T, Koes BW, Burdorf A. Sick leave in workers with arm, neck and/or shoulder complaints; defining occurrence and discriminative trajectories over a 2-year time period. Occup Environ Med 2016; 74:114-122. [PMID: 27679674 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2016-103624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Impediments due to complaints of non-traumatic arm, neck and/or shoulder (CANS) during work often leads to consultation in primary care. This study examines the occurrence of sick leave among workers with new CANS, and evaluates sick leave trajectories and their characteristics. METHODS This prospective 2-year cohort study included workers with a new CANS presenting in general practice. Participants filled out postal questionnaires on sick leave at 6-monthly intervals. Latent class growth mixture modelling was used to identify distinct trajectories of sick leave. Multinomial regression analyses identified characteristics of the subgroups. RESULTS During follow-up, of the 533 participants 190 reported at least one episode of sick leave due to CANS. Three sick leave trajectories were distinguished: (1) 'low-risk' trajectory (n=366), with a constant low probability over time; (2) 'intermediate risk' trajectory, with a high probability at first consultation followed by a steep decrease in probability of sick leave (n=122); (3) 'high-risk' trajectory (n=45), with a constant high probability of sick leave. Compared to the 'low-risk' trajectory, the other trajectories were characterised by more functional limitations, less specific diagnoses, more work-related symptoms and low coworker support. Specific for the 'high-risk' subgroup were more recurrent symptoms, more musculoskeletal comorbidity, high score on somatisation and low score on job demands. CONCLUSIONS Three trajectories of sick leave were distinguished, graded from favourable to unfavourable. Several complaint-related and work-related factors and somatisation contributed modestly to identify an unfavourable trajectory of sick leave when presenting in primary care with CANS.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Feleus
- Research Center Innovations in Care, Rotterdam University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - H S Miedema
- Research Center Innovations in Care, Rotterdam University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - S M A Bierma-Zeinstra
- Department of General Practice, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - T Hoekstra
- Department of Health Sciences, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, VU University Medical Center, the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - B W Koes
- Department of General Practice, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A Burdorf
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Hutting N, Detaille SI, Engels JA, Heerkens YF, Staal JB, Nijhuis-van der Sanden MW. Development of a self-management program for employees with complaints of the arm, neck, and/or shoulder: an intervention mapping approach. J Multidiscip Healthc 2015; 8:307-20. [PMID: 26170689 PMCID: PMC4492641 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s82809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To develop a self-management program with an additional eHealth module, using the six steps of the intervention mapping (IM) protocol, to help employees with complaints of the arm, neck, and/or shoulder (CANS) cope with their problems. Methods In Step 1 of the IM protocol, a needs assessment was performed consisting of a review of the Dutch multidisciplinary guidelines on CANS, and of focus group sessions with employees with CANS (n=15) and with relevant experts (n=17). After the needs assessment, the objectives of the intervention and the determinants of self-management at work were formulated (Step 2). Furthermore, theory-based intervention methods and practical strategies were selected (Step 3), and an intervention program (including the eHealth module) was developed (Step 4). Finally, plans for implementation and evaluation of the program were developed (Steps 5 and 6). Results Step 1 of the IM protocol revealed that employees with CANS should be stimulated to search for information about the cause of their complaints, about how to deal with their complaints, and in which manner they can influence their complaints themselves. In Step 2, the overall goal of the intervention was defined as “self-management behavior at work” with the aim to alleviate the perceived disability of the participants. Step 3 described how the intervention methods were translated into practical strategies, and goal setting was introduced as an important method for increasing self-efficacy. The product of Step 4 was the final program plan, consisting of 6-weekly group sessions of 2.5 hours each and an eHealth module. In Step 5, a recruitment plan and course materials were developed, a steering committee was set up, trainers were recruited, and the final program was tested. In Step 6, an evaluation plan was developed, which consists of a randomized controlled trial with a 12-month follow-up period and a qualitative evaluation (interviews) with some of the participants. Conclusion This study resulted in a theory- and practice-based self-management program, based on behavioral change theories, guideline-related evidence, and practice-based knowledge that fits the needs of employees with CANS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Hutting
- Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, the Scientific Institute for Quality of Healthcare, Nijmegen, the Netherlands ; Hogeschool van Arnhem en Nijmegen (HAN) University of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Studies, Research Group Occupation and Health, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Sarah I Detaille
- Hogeschool van Arnhem en Nijmegen (HAN) University of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Studies, Research Group Occupation and Health, Nijmegen, the Netherlands ; HAN University of Applied Sciences, Department HAN Seneca, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Josephine A Engels
- Hogeschool van Arnhem en Nijmegen (HAN) University of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Studies, Research Group Occupation and Health, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Yvonne F Heerkens
- Hogeschool van Arnhem en Nijmegen (HAN) University of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Studies, Research Group Occupation and Health, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - J Bart Staal
- Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, the Scientific Institute for Quality of Healthcare, Nijmegen, the Netherlands ; HAN University of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Studies, Research Group Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Maria Wg Nijhuis-van der Sanden
- Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, the Scientific Institute for Quality of Healthcare, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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Hutting N, Engels JA, Staal JB, Heerkens YF, Nijhuis-van der Sanden MWG. Development of a self-management intervention for employees with complaints of the arm, neck and/or shoulder (CANS): a focus group study with experts. J Occup Med Toxicol 2015; 10:9. [PMID: 25745509 PMCID: PMC4349775 DOI: 10.1186/s12995-015-0051-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Many people suffer from complaints of the arm, neck and/or shoulder (CANS). The complaints are persistent and there is a need for intervention programs for those with longstanding CANS. Studies suggest that a behavioural change is needed in employees with CANS. A self-management program with an add-on eHealth module might be an effective option to achieve the behavioural change needed to manage the complaints in employees with CANS. The aim of this study was to determine the content and strategies of the intervention and to gain insight into possible barriers and facilitators for implementation. Therefore, we examined the views of experts on the problems and characteristics associated with employees with CANS as well as their opinion on a self-management program consisting of self-management sessions and an eHealth module. Methods A qualitative study was performed consisting of three focus groups involving a total of 17 experts (with experience with CANS, self-management and/or eHealth interventions). Experts were asked their opinion about the content and requirements of a self-management program for employees with CANS, including an eHealth module. Data were analysed using qualitative data analysis. After coding, the emergent themes were used to organise the data into main categories, expressing the ideas and opinions of experts on CANS, self-management and/or eHealth interventions. Results The experts pointed out that the intervention should focus on increasing employees’ self-efficacy and empowerment, and address topics related to the possible risk factors for CANS, symptoms, work environment, social environment and personal factors. The eHealth module should be self-explanatory and attractive, and the information provided should be brief, clear and concise. Conclusions Experts appeared to see a role for a self-management program for employees with CANS. They indicated that the combination of group sessions and eHealth can work well. Experts provided valuable information with regard to the content of the self-management intervention and the design of the eHealth module.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Hutting
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, IQ Healthcare, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands ; Research Group Occupation and Health, HAN University of Applied Sciences, PO Box 6960, Nijmegen, 6503 GL The Netherlands
| | - Josephine A Engels
- Research Group Occupation and Health, HAN University of Applied Sciences, PO Box 6960, Nijmegen, 6503 GL The Netherlands
| | - J Bart Staal
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, IQ Healthcare, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands ; Research Group Occupation and Health, HAN University of Applied Sciences, PO Box 6960, Nijmegen, 6503 GL The Netherlands
| | - Yvonne F Heerkens
- Research Group Occupation and Health, HAN University of Applied Sciences, PO Box 6960, Nijmegen, 6503 GL The Netherlands
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