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Singha DL, Das D, Sarki YN, Chowdhury N, Sharma M, Maharana J, Chikkaputtaiah C. Harnessing tissue-specific genome editing in plants through CRISPR/Cas system: current state and future prospects. PLANTA 2021; 255:28. [PMID: 34962611 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-021-03811-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In a nutshell, tissue-specific CRISPR/Cas genome editing is the most promising approach for crop improvement which can bypass the hurdle associated with constitutive GE such as off target and pleotropic effects for targeted crop improvement. CRISPR/Cas is a powerful genome-editing tool with a wide range of applications for the genetic improvement of crops. However, the constitutive genome editing of vital genes is often associated with pleiotropic effects on other genes, needless metabolic burden, or interference in the cellular machinery. Tissue-specific genome editing (TSGE), on the other hand, enables researchers to study those genes in specific cells, tissues, or organs without disturbing neighboring groups of cells. Until recently, there was only limited proof of the TSGE concept, where the CRISPR-TSKO tool was successfully used in Arabidopsis, tomato, and cotton, laying a solid foundation for crop improvement. In this review, we have laid out valuable insights into the concept and application of TSGE on relatively unexplored areas such as grain trait improvement under favorable or unfavorable conditions. We also enlisted some of the prominent tissue-specific promoters and described the procedure of their isolation with several TSGE promoter expression systems in detail. Moreover, we highlighted potential negative regulatory genes that could be targeted through TSGE using tissue-specific promoters. In a nutshell, tissue-specific CRISPR/Cas genome editing is the most promising approach for crop improvement which can bypass the hurdle associated with constitutive GE such as off target and pleotropic effects for targeted crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhanawantari L Singha
- Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (CSIR-NEIST), Jorhat, Assam, 785006, India.
| | - Debajit Das
- Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (CSIR-NEIST), Jorhat, Assam, 785006, India
| | - Yogita N Sarki
- Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (CSIR-NEIST), Jorhat, Assam, 785006, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Naimisha Chowdhury
- Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (CSIR-NEIST), Jorhat, Assam, 785006, India
| | - Monica Sharma
- Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (CSIR-NEIST), Jorhat, Assam, 785006, India
| | - Jitendra Maharana
- Distributed Information Centre (DIC), Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam, India
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Channakeshavaiah Chikkaputtaiah
- Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (CSIR-NEIST), Jorhat, Assam, 785006, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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Elakhdar A, Fukuda M, Kubo T. Agrobacterium-mediated Transformation of Japonica Rice Using Mature Embryos and Regenerated Transgenic Plants. Bio Protoc 2021; 11:e4143. [PMID: 34692903 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.4143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Identification of novel genes and their functions in rice is a critical step to improve economic traits. Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation is a proven method in many laboratories and widely adopted for genetic engineering in rice. However, the efficiency of gene transfer by Agrobacterium in rice is low, particularly among japonica and indica varieties. In this protocol, we elucidate a rapid and highly efficient protocol to transform and regenerate transgenic rice plants through important key features of Agrobacterium transformation and standard regeneration media, especially enhancing culture conditions, timing, and growth hormones. With this protocol, transformed plantlets from the embryogenetic callus of the japonica cultivar 'Taichung 65' may be obtained within 90 days. This protocol may be used with other japonica rice varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammar Elakhdar
- Institute of Genetic Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.,Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - Masako Fukuda
- Institute of Genetic Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Takahiko Kubo
- Institute of Genetic Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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A Core35S Promoter of Cauliflower Mosaic Virus Drives More Efficient Replication of Turnip Crinkle Virus. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10081700. [PMID: 34451745 PMCID: PMC8399983 DOI: 10.3390/plants10081700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The 35S promoter with a duplicated enhancer (frequently referred to as 2X35S) is a strong dicotyledonous plant-specific promoter commonly used in generating transgenic plants to enable high-level expression of genes of interest. It is also used to drive the initiation of RNA virus replication from viral cDNA, with the consensus understanding that high levels of viral RNA production powered by 2X35S permit a more efficient initiation of virus replication. Here, we showed that the exact opposite is true. We found that, compared to the Core35S promoter, the 2X35S promoter-driven initiation of turnip crinkle virus (TCV) infection was delayed by at least 24 h. We first compared three versions of 35S promoter, namely 2X35S, 1X35S, and Core35S, for their ability to power the expression of a non-replicating green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene, and confirmed that 2X35S and Core35S correlated with the highest and lowest GFP expression, respectively. However, when inserted upstream of TCV cDNA, 2X35S-driven replication was not detected until 72 h post-inoculation (72 hpi) in inoculated leaves. By contrast, Core35S-driven replication was detected earlier at 48 hpi. A similar delay was also observed in systemically infected leaves (six versus four days post-inoculation). Combining our results, we hypothesized that the stronger 2X35S promoter might enable a higher accumulation of a TCV protein that became a repressor of TCV replication at higher cellular concentration. Extending from these results, we propose that the Core35S (or mini35S) promoter is likely a better choice for generating infectious cDNA clones of TCV.
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Zhou J, Li D, Zheng C, Xu R, Zheng E, Yang Y, Chen Y, Yu C, Yan C, Chen J, Wang X. Targeted Transgene Expression in Rice Using a Callus Strong Promoter for Selectable Marker Gene Control. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:602680. [PMID: 33362834 PMCID: PMC7759479 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.602680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Precise expression of a transgene in the desired manner is important for plant genetic engineering and gene function deciphering, but it is a challenge to obtain specific transgene expression free from the interference of the constitutive promoters used to express the selectable marker gene, such as the Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S promoter. So, the solutions to avoid these inappropriate regulations are largely demanded. In this study, we report the characterization of a callus strong promoter (CSP1) in rice and its application for accurate transgene expression. Our results indicate that the high expression of the CSP1 promoter in the callus enables efficient selection of hygromycin equivalent to that provided by the CaMV 35S promoter, whereas its expression in other tissues is low. To evaluate possible leaky effects, the expression of a β-glucuronidase reporter driven by six specific promoters involving hormone signaling, pathogen response, cell fate determination, and proliferation was observed in transgenic rice plants generated by CSP1-mediated selection. Distinct β-glucuronidase expression was found consistently in most of the transgenic lines obtained for each promoter. In addition, we applied these specific marker lines to investigate the root cellular responses to exogenous cytokinin and auxin treatment. The results reveal that the root growth inhibition by cytokinin was differently regulated at high and low concentrations. In summary, we have established the feasibility of using callus-specific promoter-dependent selection to mitigate the transgene misexpression in rice. By enabling efficient transformation, rice plants with reliable transgene expression will be easily acquired for broad applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dongyue Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chao Zheng
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Rumeng Xu
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Ersong Zheng
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yong Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yang Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chulang Yu
- Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Chengqi Yan
- Institute of Biotechnology, Ningbo Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - Jianping Chen
- Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xuming Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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Zhang H, Tan X, He Y, Xie K, Li L, Wang R, Hong G, Li J, Li J, Taliansky M, MacFarlane S, Yan F, Chen J, Sun Z. Rice black-streaked dwarf virus P10 acts as either a synergistic or antagonistic determinant during superinfection with related or unrelated virus. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2019; 20:641-655. [PMID: 30623552 PMCID: PMC6637905 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.12782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV), a member of the genus Fijivirus, is a devastating pathogen of crop plants. RBSDV S10 encodes a capsid protein (P10) that is an important component of the double-layered particle. However, little information is available on the roles of RBSDV P10 in viral infection or in interactions with other viruses. Here, we demonstrate that the expression of P10 in plants alleviates the symptoms of both RBSDV and the closely related Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus (SRBSDV), and reduces the disease incidence, but renders the plants more susceptible to the unrelated Rice stripe virus (RSV). Further experiments suggest that P10-mediated resistance to RBSDV and SRBSDV operates at the protein level, rather than the RNA level, and is not a result of post-transcriptional gene silencing. Transcriptomic data reveal that the expression of P10 in plants significantly suppresses the expression of rice defence-related genes, which may play important roles in resistance to RSV infection. After infection with RBSDV, plants are more resistant to subsequent challenge by SRBSDV, but more susceptible to RSV. Overall, these results indicate that P10 acts as an important effector in virus interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hehong Zhang
- Institute of Plant VirologyNingbo UniversityNingbo315211China
- College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing210095China
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Sustainable Control of Pest and Disease, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and BiotechnologyZhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou310021China
| | - Xiaoxiang Tan
- Institute of Plant VirologyNingbo UniversityNingbo315211China
- College of Plant ProtectionNorthwest Agriculture and Forestry UniversityYangling 712100ShaanxiChina
| | - Yuqing He
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Sustainable Control of Pest and Disease, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and BiotechnologyZhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou310021China
| | - Kaili Xie
- Institute of Plant VirologyNingbo UniversityNingbo315211China
- College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing210095China
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Sustainable Control of Pest and Disease, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and BiotechnologyZhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou310021China
| | - Lulu Li
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Sustainable Control of Pest and Disease, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and BiotechnologyZhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou310021China
| | - Rong Wang
- Institute of Plant VirologyNingbo UniversityNingbo315211China
- College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing210095China
| | - Gaojie Hong
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Sustainable Control of Pest and Disease, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and BiotechnologyZhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou310021China
| | - Junmin Li
- Institute of Plant VirologyNingbo UniversityNingbo315211China
| | - Jing Li
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Sustainable Control of Pest and Disease, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and BiotechnologyZhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou310021China
| | - Michael Taliansky
- The James Hutton Institute, Cell and Molecular Sciences GroupInvergowrieDundeeDD2 5DAUK
| | - Stuart MacFarlane
- The James Hutton Institute, Cell and Molecular Sciences GroupInvergowrieDundeeDD2 5DAUK
| | - Fei Yan
- Institute of Plant VirologyNingbo UniversityNingbo315211China
| | - Jianping Chen
- Institute of Plant VirologyNingbo UniversityNingbo315211China
- College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing210095China
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Sustainable Control of Pest and Disease, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and BiotechnologyZhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou310021China
| | - Zongtao Sun
- Institute of Plant VirologyNingbo UniversityNingbo315211China
- College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing210095China
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Sustainable Control of Pest and Disease, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and BiotechnologyZhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou310021China
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Tiwari P, Indoliya Y, Singh PK, Singh PC, Chauhan PS, Pande V, Chakrabarty D. Role of dehydrin-FK506-binding protein complex in enhancing drought tolerance through the ABA-mediated signaling pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2019; 158:136-149. [DOI: 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2018.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
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Yu H, Khalid MHB, Lu F, Sun F, Qu J, Liu B, Li W, Fu F. Isolation and identification of a vegetative organ-specific promoter from maize. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 25:277-287. [PMID: 30804649 PMCID: PMC6352524 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-018-0546-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Revised: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
To avoid the unregulated overexpression of the exogenous genes, specific or inducible expression is necessary for some exogenous genes in transgenic plants. But little is known about organ- or tissue-specific promoters in maize. In the present study, the expression of a maize pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) protein encoding gene, GRMZM2G129783, was analyzed by RNA-sequencing data and confirmed by quantitative real time PCR. The results showed that the PPR GRMZM2G129783 gene specifically expressed in vegetative organs. Consequently, a 1830 bp sequence upstream of the start codon of the promoter for GRMZM2G129783 gene was isolated from maize genome (P 1830 ). To validate whether the promoter possesses the vegetative organ-specificity, the full-length and three 5'-end deletion fragments of P 1830 of different length (1387, 437, and 146 bp) were fused with glucuronidase (GUS) gene to generate promoter::GUS constructs and transformed into tobacco. The transient expression and fluorometric GUS assay in transgenic tobacco showed that all promoter could drive the expression of the GUS gene, the - 437 to - 146 bp region possessed some crucial elements for root-specific expression, and the shortest and optimal sequence to maintain transcription activity was 146 and 437 bp in length, respectively. These results indicate that the promoter of the PPR GRMZM2G129783 gene is a vegetative organ-specific promoter and will be useful in transgenic modification of commercial crops for moderate specific expression after further evaluation in monocotyledons.
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Affiliation(s)
- HaoQiang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture; Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 People’s Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Hayder Bin Khalid
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture; Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 People’s Republic of China
| | - FengZhong Lu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture; Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 People’s Republic of China
| | - FuAi Sun
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture; Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 People’s Republic of China
| | - JingTao Qu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture; Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 People’s Republic of China
| | - BingLiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture; Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 People’s Republic of China
| | - WanChen Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture; Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 People’s Republic of China
| | - FengLing Fu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture; Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 People’s Republic of China
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Abstract
Designing the expression cassettes with desired properties remains the most important consideration of gene engineering technology. One of the challenges for predictive gene expression is the modeling of synthetic gene switches to regulate one or more target genes which would directly respond to specific chemical, environmental, and physiological stimuli. Assessment of natural promoter, high-throughput sequencing, and modern biotech inventory aided in deciphering the structure of cis elements and molding the native cis elements into desired synthetic promoter. Synthetic promoters which are molded by rearrangement of cis motifs can greatly benefit plant biotechnology applications. This review gives a glimpse of the manual in vivo gene regulation through synthetic promoters. It summarizes the integrative design strategy of synthetic promoters and enumerates five approaches for constructing synthetic promoters. Insights into the pattern of cis regulatory elements in the pursuit of desirable "gene switches" to date has also been reevaluated. Joint strategies of bioinformatics modeling and randomized biochemical synthesis are addressed in an effort to construct synthetic promoters for intricate gene regulation.
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Erpen L, Tavano ECR, Harakava R, Dutt M, Grosser JW, Piedade SMS, Mendes BMJ, Mourão Filho FAA. Isolation, characterization, and evaluation of three Citrus sinensis-derived constitutive gene promoters. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2018; 37:1113-1125. [PMID: 29796947 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-018-2298-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Regulatory sequences from the citrus constitutive genes cyclophilin (CsCYP), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase C2 (CsGAPC2), and elongation factor 1-alpha (CsEF1) were isolated, fused to the uidA gene, and qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated in transgenic sweet orange plants. The 5' upstream region of a gene (the promoter) is the most important component for the initiation and regulation of gene transcription of both native genes and transgenes in plants. The isolation and characterization of gene regulatory sequences are essential to the development of intragenic or cisgenic genetic manipulation strategies, which imply the use of genetic material from the same species or from closely related species. We describe herein the isolation and evaluation of the promoter sequence from three constitutively expressed citrus genes: cyclophilin (CsCYP), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase C2 (CsGAPC2), and elongation factor 1-alpha (CsEF1). The functionality of the promoters was confirmed by a histochemical GUS assay in leaves, stems, and roots of stably transformed citrus plants expressing the promoter-uidA construct. Lower uidA mRNA levels were detected when the transgene was under the control of citrus promoters as compared to the expression under the control of the CaMV35S promoter. The association of the uidA gene with the citrus-derived promoters resulted in mRNA levels of up to 60-41.8% of the value obtained with the construct containing CaMV35S driving the uidA gene. Moreover, a lower inter-individual variability in transgene expression was observed amongst the different transgenic lines, where gene constructs containing citrus-derived promoters were used. In silico analysis of the citrus-derived promoter sequences revealed that their activity may be controlled by several putative cis-regulatory elements. These citrus promoters will expand the availability of regulatory sequences for driving gene expression in citrus gene-modification programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Erpen
- Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brazil
| | - E C R Tavano
- Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, 13400-970, Brazil
| | - R Harakava
- Instituto Biológico, São Paulo, SP, 04014-002, Brazil
| | - M Dutt
- Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL, 33850, USA
| | - J W Grosser
- Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL, 33850, USA
| | - S M S Piedade
- Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brazil
| | - B M J Mendes
- Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, 13400-970, Brazil
| | - F A A Mourão Filho
- Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brazil.
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ReToAd: simple method for the rapid replacement of promoters to improve protein production. Biotechnol Lett 2018; 40:957-964. [PMID: 29611067 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-018-2541-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop a method for fast replacement of promoters to improve protein production. RESULTS A method (entitled retreat to advance or "ReToAd"), which includes a deleting PCR and a touchdown PCR, was validated by replacing seven IPTG-inducible promoters with enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP). The seven promoters were fully recovered by sequencing only 30 clones. The activity of E. coli harboring ω-transaminase (ω-TA) was increased from 112 U/mg cells (T7 promoter) to 147 U/mg cells (Trc promoter) by combining ReToAd and screening experiments. After screening a library comprising glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) expressed by different promoters, the activity of E. coli cell harboring Trc-promoter-expressed GDH was ~31-fold higher than that of T7-promoter-expressed GDH. CONCLUSIONS The "ReToAd" for in situ rapid replacement of promoters was developed and optimized, and one round of "ReToAd" can be completed within 3 days.
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Yang J, Ruff AJ, Hamer SN, Cheng F, Schwaneberg U. Screening through the PLICable promoter toolbox enhances protein production in Escherichia coli. Biotechnol J 2016; 11:1639-1647. [PMID: 27753230 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201600270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Escherichia coli is a common host for recombinant protein production in which production titers are highly dependent on the employed expression system. Promoters are thereby a key element to control gene expression levels. In this study, a novel PLICable promoter toolbox was developed which enables in a single cloning step and after a screening experiment to identify out of ten IPTG-inducible promoters (T7, A3, lpp, tac, pac, Sp6, lac, npr, trc and syn) the most suitable one for high level protein production. The target gene is cloned under the control of different promoters in a single and efficient cloning step using the ligase-free cloning method PLICing (phosphorothioate-based ligase-independent gene cloning). The promoter toolbox was firstly validated using three well producible proteins (a cellulase from a metagenome library, a phytase from Yersinia mollaretii and an alcohol dehydrogenase from Pseudomonas putida) and then applied to two enzymes (3D1 DNA polymerase and glutamate dehydrogenase mutant) which are poorly produced in E. coli. By applying our PLICable pET-promoter toolbox, the authors were able to increase production by two-fold for 3D1 DNA polymerase (lac promoter) and 29-fold for glutamate dehydrogenase mutant H52Y (trc promoter).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Yang
- Lehrstuhl für Biotechnologie, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Anna Joëlle Ruff
- Lehrstuhl für Biotechnologie, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Feng Cheng
- Lehrstuhl für Biotechnologie, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Schwaneberg
- Lehrstuhl für Biotechnologie, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,DWI-Leibniz Institut für Interaktive Materialien, Aachen, Germany
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Hou J, Jiang P, Qi S, Zhang K, He Q, Xu C, Ding Z, Zhang K, Li K. Isolation and Functional Validation of Salinity and Osmotic Stress Inducible Promoter from the Maize Type-II H+-Pyrophosphatase Gene by Deletion Analysis in Transgenic Tobacco Plants. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0154041. [PMID: 27101137 PMCID: PMC4839719 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Salinity and drought severely affect both plant growth and productivity, making the isolation and characterization of salinity- or drought-inducible promoters suitable for genetic improvement of crop resistance highly desirable. In this study, a 1468-bp sequence upstream of the translation initiation codon ATG of the promoter for ZmGAPP (maize Type-II H+-pyrophosphatase gene) was cloned. Nine 5´ deletion fragments (D1-D9) of different lengths of the ZmGAPP promoter were fused with the GUS reporter and translocated into tobacco. The deletion analysis showed that fragments D1-D8 responded well to NaCl and PEG stresses, whereas fragment D9 and CaMV 35S did not. The D8 segment (219 bp; -219 to -1 bp) exhibited the highest promoter activity of all tissues, with the exception of petals among the D1-D9 transgenic tobacco, which corresponds to about 10% and 25% of CaMV 35S under normal and NaCl or PEG stress conditions, respectively. As such, the D8 segment may confer strong gene expression in a salinity and osmotic stress inducible manner. A 71-bp segment (-219 to -148 bp) was considered as the key region regulating ZmGAPP response to NaCl or PEG stress, as transient transformation assays demonstrated that the 71-bp sequence was sufficient for the salinity or osmotic stress response. These results enhance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms regulating ZmGAPP expression, and that the D8 promoter would be an ideal candidate for moderating expression of drought and salinity response genes in transgenic plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Hou
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Shanda South Road 27, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - Pingping Jiang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Shanda South Road 27, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - Shoumei Qi
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Shanda South Road 27, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Shanda South Road 27, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - Qiuxia He
- Biology Institute of Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Changzheng Xu
- RCBB, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Tiansheng Road 2, Beibei Dist., 400716, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhaohua Ding
- Maize Institute of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Kewei Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Shanda South Road 27, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - Kunpeng Li
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Shanda South Road 27, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
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Zhang H, Hou J, Jiang P, Qi S, Xu C, He Q, Ding Z, Wang Z, Zhang K, Li K. Identification of a 467 bp Promoter of Maize Phosphatidylinositol Synthase Gene (ZmPIS) Which Confers High-Level Gene Expression and Salinity or Osmotic Stress Inducibility in Transgenic Tobacco. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:42. [PMID: 26870063 PMCID: PMC4740949 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Salinity and drought often affect plant growth and crop yields. Cloning and identification of salinity and drought stress inducible promoters is of great significance for their use in the genetic improvement of crop resistance. Previous studies showed that phosphatidylinositol synthase is involved in plant salinity and drought stress responses but its promoter has not been characterized by far. In the study, the promoter (pZmPIS, 1834 bp upstream region of the translation initiation site) was isolated from maize genome. To functionally validate the promoter, eight 5' deletion fragments of pZmPIS in different lengths were fused to GUS to produce pZmPIS::GUS constructs and transformed into tobacco, namely PZ1-PZ8. The transcription activity and expression pattern obviously changed when the promoter was truncated. Previous studies have demonstrated that NaCl and PEG treatments are usually used to simulate salinity and drought treatments. The results showed that PZ1-PZ7 can respond well upon NaCl and PEG treatments, while PZ8 not. PZ7 (467 bp) displayed the highest transcription activity in all tissues of transgenic tobacco amongst 5' deleted promoter fragments, which corresponds to about 20 and 50% of CaMV35S under normal and NaCl or PEG treatment, respectively. This implied that PZ7 is the core region of pZmPIS which confers high-level gene expression and NaCl or PEG inducible nature. The 113 bp segment between PZ7 and PZ8 (-467 to -355 bp) was considered as the key sequence for ZmPIS responding to NaCl or PEG treatment. GUS transient assay in tobacco leaves showed that this segment was sufficient for the NaCl or PEG stress response. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that the 113 bp sequence may contain new elements that are crucial for ZmPIS response to NaCl or PEG stress. These results promote our understanding on transcriptional regulation mechanism of ZmPIS and the characterized PZ7 promoter fragment would be an ideal candidate for the overexpression of drought and salinity responsive gene to improve crop resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong UniversityJinan, China
| | - Jiajia Hou
- Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong UniversityJinan, China
| | - Pingping Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong UniversityJinan, China
| | - Shoumei Qi
- Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong UniversityJinan, China
| | - Changzheng Xu
- Research Center of Bioenergy and Bioremediation, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest UniversityChongqing, China
| | - Qiuxia He
- Biology Institute of Shandong Academy of SciencesJinan, China
| | - Zhaohua Ding
- Maize Institute of Shandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesJinan, China
| | - Zhiwu Wang
- Maize Institute of Shandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesJinan, China
| | - Kewei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong UniversityJinan, China
| | - Kunpeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong UniversityJinan, China
- *Correspondence: Kunpeng Li,
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Han YJ, Kim YM, Hwang OJ, Kim JI. Characterization of a small constitutive promoter from Arabidopsis translationally controlled tumor protein (AtTCTP) gene for plant transformation. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2015; 34:265-75. [PMID: 25410250 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-014-1705-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Revised: 10/25/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
A plant-derived 0.3 kb constitutive promoter was obtained from AtTCTP expression analysis, and successfully applied to the expression of a selectable marker gene for production of transgenic creeping bentgrass plants. The isolation and use of an efficient promoter is essential to develop a vector system for efficient genetic transformation of plants, and constitutive promoters are particularly useful for the expression of selectable marker genes. In this study, we characterized a small size of the constitutive promoter from the expression analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana translationally controlled tumor protein (AtTCTP) gene. Histochemical and fluorometric GUS analyses revealed that a 303 bp upstream region from the start codon of the AtTCTP gene showed strong GUS expression throughout all plant tissues, which is approximately 55 % GUS activity compared with the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter (35Spro). To examine the possible application of this promoter for the development of genetically engineered crops, we introduced pCAMBIA3301 vector harboring the 0.3 kb promoter of AtTCTP (0.3kbpro) that was fused to the herbicide resistance BAR gene (0.3kb pro ::BAR) into creeping bentgrass. Our transformation results demonstrate that transgenic creeping bentgrass plants with herbicide resistance were successfully produced using 0.3kb pro ::BAR as a selectable marker. Northern blot analysis revealed that the transgenic plants with 0.3kb pro ::BAR showed reduced but comparable expression levels of BAR to those with 35S pro ::BAR. Moreover, the transcription activity of the 0.3 kb promoter could be increased by the fusion of an enhancer sequence. These results indicate that the 0.3 kb AtTCTP promoter can be used as a plant-derived constitutive promoter for the expression of selectable marker genes, which facilitates its use as an alternative to the 35S promoter for developing genetically engineered crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Jeong Han
- Department of Biotechnology and Kumho Life Science Laboratory, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Korea
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Heterologous expression of Ceratophyllum demersum phytochelatin synthase, CdPCS1, in rice leads to lower arsenic accumulation in grain. Sci Rep 2014; 4:5784. [PMID: 25048298 PMCID: PMC4105706 DOI: 10.1038/srep05784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have identified rice (Oryza sativa) as a major dietary source of inorganic arsenic (As) and poses a significant human health risk. The predominant model for plant detoxification of heavy metals is complexation of heavy metals with phytochelatins (PCs), synthesized non-translationally by PC synthase (PCS) and compartmentalized in vacuoles. In this study, in order to restrict As in the rice roots as a detoxification mechanism, a transgenic approach has been followed through expression of phytochelatin synthase, CdPCS1, from Ceratophyllum demersum, an aquatic As-accumulator plant. CdPCS1 expressing rice transgenic lines showed marked increase in PCS activity and enhanced synthesis of PCs in comparison to non-transgenic plant. Transgenic lines showed enhanced accumulation of As in root and shoot. This enhanced metal accumulation potential of transgenic lines was positively correlated to the content of PCs, which also increased several-fold higher in transgenic lines. However, all the transgenic lines accumulated significantly lower As in grain and husk in comparison to non-transgenic plant. The higher level of PCs in transgenic plants relative to non-transgenic presumably allowed sequestering and detoxification of higher amounts of As in roots and shoots, thereby restricting its accumulation in grain.
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Zhou J, Yu F, Wang X, Yang Y, Yu C, Liu H, Cheng Y, Yan C, Chen J. Specific expression of DR5 promoter in rice roots using a tCUP derived promoter-reporter system. PLoS One 2014; 9:e87008. [PMID: 24466314 PMCID: PMC3899362 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Variation of transgene expression caused by either position effect at the insertion site or the promoter/enhancer elements employed for the expression of selectable marker genes has complicated phenotype characterization and caused misinterpretation. We have developed a reporter system in rice to analyze the influence of vector configuration, spacer and selectable marker gene promoter on the expression of the promoterless GUS reporter and DR5 promoter. Our results indicate that a spacer inserted between the reversed 35S promoter and the GUS reporter could reduce leaky expression of the reporter but was unable to block the nonspecific expression of DR5::GUS. Stacking the selectable marker unit in head to tail with the GUS reporter aided the gene specific expression of the GUS reporter under the DR5 promoter even when the 35S promoter is used for expression of the selectable marker. Compared to 35S under this configuration, a quick and distinctive expression of DR5::GUS was observed in the root cap, quiescent center and xylem cells in the root apical meristem by using the tCUP derived promoter (tCUP1) for selection, that is similar to the pattern obtained by a sensitive DR5 variant (DR5rev) in Arabidopsis. These data suggest a conserved property of the tCUP promoter in preventing enhancer-promoter interactions in rice as it does in Arabidopsis, and also demonstrate that an analogous distal auxin maximum exists in roots of rice. Therefore, the tCUP promoter based selection system provides a new strategy for specific expression of transgenes in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhou
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, MOA Key Laboratory for Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Feibo Yu
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, P. R. China
| | - Xuming Wang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, MOA Key Laboratory for Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yong Yang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, MOA Key Laboratory for Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Chulang Yu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, MOA Key Laboratory for Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Hongjia Liu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, MOA Key Laboratory for Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Ye Cheng
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, MOA Key Laboratory for Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Chengqi Yan
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, MOA Key Laboratory for Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, P. R. China
- * E-mail: (JC); (CY)
| | - Jianping Chen
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, MOA Key Laboratory for Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, P. R. China
- * E-mail: (JC); (CY)
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