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Lim SSY, Chua KH, Nölke G, Spiegel H, Goh WL, Chow SC, Kee BP, Fischer R, Schillberg S, Othman RY. Plant-derived chimeric antibodies inhibit the invasion of human fibroblasts by Toxoplasma gondii. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5780. [PMID: 30581655 PMCID: PMC6294049 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The parasite Toxoplasma gondii causes an opportunistic infection, that is, particularly severe in immunocompromised patients, infants, and neonates. Current antiparasitic drugs are teratogenic and cause hypersensitivity-based toxic side effects especially during prolonged treatment. Furthermore, the recent emergence of drug-resistant toxoplasmosis has reduced the therapeutic impact of such drugs. In an effort to develop recombinant antibodies as a therapeutic alternative, a panel of affinity-matured, T. gondii tachyzoite-specific single-chain variable fragment (scFv) antibodies was selected by phage display and bioinformatic analysis. Further affinity optimization was attempted by introducing point mutations at hotspots within light chain complementarity-determining region 2. This strategy yielded four mutated scFv sequences and a parental scFv that were used to produce five mouse-human chimeric IgGs in Nicotiana benthamiana plants, with yields of 33-72 mg/kg of plant tissue. Immunological analysis confirmed the specific binding of these plant-derived antibodies to T. gondii tachyzoites, and in vitro efficacy was demonstrated by their ability to inhibit the invasion of human fibroblasts and impair parasite infectivity. These novel recombinant antibodies could therefore be suitable for the development of plant-derived immunotherapeutic interventions against toxoplasmosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kek Heng Chua
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Greta Nölke
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Aachen, Germany
| | - Holger Spiegel
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Aachen, Germany
| | - Wai Leong Goh
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sek Chuen Chow
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Boon Pin Kee
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rainer Fischer
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Aachen, Germany
| | - Stefan Schillberg
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Aachen, Germany
| | - Rofina Yasmin Othman
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Synthetic antigen-binding fragments (Fabs) against S. mutans and S. sobrinus inhibit caries formation. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10173. [PMID: 29976956 PMCID: PMC6033933 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28240-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus are the main causative agents of human dental caries. Current strategies for treating caries are costly and do not completely eradicate them completely. Passive immunization using nonhuman antibodies against Streptococcal surface antigens has shown success in human trials, however they often invoke immune reactions. We used phage display to generate human antigen-binding fragments (Fabs) against S. mutans and S. sobrinus. These Fabs were readily expressed in E. coli and bound to the surface S. mutans and S. sobrinus. Fabs inhibited sucrose-induced S. mutans and S. sobrinus biofilm formation in vitro and a combination of S. mutans and S. sobrinus Fabs prevented dental caries formation in a rat caries model. These results demonstrated that S. mutans and S. sobrinus Fabs could be used in passive immunization strategies to prevent dental caries. In the future, this strategy may be applied towards a caries therapy, whereby Fabs are topically applied to the tooth surface.
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Eckert-Boulet N, Pedersen ML, Krogh BO, Lisby M. Optimization of ordered plasmid assembly by gap repair in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Yeast 2012; 29:323-34. [DOI: 10.1002/yea.2912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2012] [Revised: 06/18/2012] [Accepted: 06/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Eckert-Boulet
- Department of Biology; University of Copenhagen; Ole Maaloees Vej 5; DK-2200; Copenhagen N; Denmark
| | | | - Berit Olsen Krogh
- Department of Mammalian Cell Technology, Biopharmaceutical Research Unit; Novo Nordisk A/S; Novo Nordisk Park; DK-2760; Måløv; Denmark
| | - Michael Lisby
- Department of Biology; University of Copenhagen; Ole Maaloees Vej 5; DK-2200; Copenhagen N; Denmark
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Zhao Q, Chan YW, Lee SST, Cheung WT. One-step expression and purification of single-chain variable antibody fragment using an improved hexahistidine tag phagemid vector. Protein Expr Purif 2009; 68:190-5. [PMID: 19683057 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2009.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2009] [Revised: 07/23/2009] [Accepted: 08/10/2009] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Millions of candidate clones are commonly obtained following rounds of phage-displayed antibody library panning, and expression of those selected single-chain variable fragment (scFv) is required for secondary functional screening to identify positive clones. Large scale functional screening is often hampered by the time-consuming and labor-intensive subcloning of those candidate scFv clones into a bacterial expression vector carrying an affinity tag for scFv purification and detection. To overcome the limitations and to develop a multiplex approach, an improved hexahistidine tag phagemid vector was constructed for one-step scFv expression and purification. By using hexahistidine as an affinity tag, soluble scFvs can be rapidly and cost-effectively captured from Escherichia coli periplasmic extracts. For proof-of-concept, feasibility of the improved phagemid vector was examined against two scFvs, L17E4d targeting a cell surface antigen and L18Hh5 recognizing a monoclonal antibody (mAb). Using 1 ml of Ni-NTA agarose, 0.2-0.5 mg of soluble scFv was obtained from 1 L of bacteria culture, and the purified scFvs bound specifically to their target antigens with high affinity. Moreover, using two randomly selected hapten-specific scFv phage clones, it was demonstrated that the display of scFvs on phage surface was not affected by the hexahistidine affinity tag. These results suggest the improved phagemid vector allows the shuttle of phage-displayed antibody library panning and functional scFv production. Importantly, the improved phagemid vector can be easily adapted for multiplex screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhao
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
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