1
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Saneyasu T, Nakamura T, Honda K, Kamisoyama H. IGF-1 knockdown inhibits phosphorylation of Akt and ERK in chicken embryonic myotubes. Growth Horm IGF Res 2022; 65:101478. [PMID: 35717687 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2022.101478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We examined whether auto/paracrine insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) contributes to the phosphorylation of Akt and ERK in chicken myotubes. METHODS Chicken myotubes were treated with IGF-1 siRNA, and then total RNA and protein were harvested for real-time PCR and western blot analysis. RESULTS Treatment with IGF-1 siRNA inhibited the phosphorylation of Akt and ERK, but not of ribosomal protein S6, in chicken myotubes. Interestingly, IGF-1 siRNA downregulated the expression of IGF-2. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that auto/paracrine IGF-1 contributes to Akt and ERK phosphorylation in chicken myotubes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaoki Saneyasu
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan.
| | - Tomonori Nakamura
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Honda
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kamisoyama
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
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2
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Initiation of muscle protein synthesis was unrelated to simultaneously upregulated local production of IGF-1 by amino acids in non-proliferating L6 muscle cells. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0270927. [PMID: 35802556 PMCID: PMC9269383 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
IGF-1 is considered an important regulator of muscle protein synthesis. However, its role in stimulation of muscle protein synthesis by amino acids (AA) is not clear, despite pronounced alterations in IGF-1 mRNA expression and signaling in muscle tissues by feeding. This study evaluates the role of locally produced IGF-1 and IGF-1 signaling when skeletal muscle protein synthesis is activated by increased amino acid availability in confluent, non-proliferating cells.
Methods
L6 skeletal muscle cells were subjected to amino acid starvation (24 h, 0.14 mM) followed by 18 h amino acid refeeding in Low AA (0.28 mM) or High AA concentrations (9 mM). Protein synthesis rates were estimated by L-[U-14C]-phenylalanine incorporation into cellular proteins. IGF-1 and IGF-1 receptor mRNA expression were quantified by real time PCR. SiRNA knockdown, antibodies and chemical inhibitors were used to attenuate muscle IGF-1 production and signaling.
Results
High AA concentrations (9mM) increased IGF-1 mRNA expression (+ 30%, p<0.05) and increased L-[U-14C]-phenylalanine incorporation compared to Low AA in confluent, non-proliferating muscle cells. Blocking IGF-1 signaling by chemical inhibitors reduced IGF-1 mRNA upregulation (~50%, p< 0.01), without decrease of protein synthesis. SiRNA knockdown of IGF-1 reduced protein synthesis, mainly explained by reduced cell proliferation. High AA or IGF-1 inhibitors did not change IGF-1 receptor mRNA expressions.
Conclusion
Amino acids increased IGF-1 mRNA expression and stimulated muscle protein synthesis. However, simultaneous upregulation of IGF-1 mRNA did not relate to increased protein synthesis by amino acids. The results indicate that increased IGF-1 mRNA expression is rather a covariate to amino acid initiation of protein synthesis in non-proliferating muscle cells; effects that may be related to unrecognized metabolic activities, such as transport of amino acids.
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3
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Rudar M, Columbus DA, Steinhoff-Wagner J, Suryawan A, Nguyen HV, Fleischmann R, Davis TA, Fiorotto ML. Leucine Supplementation Does Not Restore Diminished Skeletal Muscle Satellite Cell Abundance and Myonuclear Accretion When Protein Intake Is Limiting in Neonatal Pigs. J Nutr 2020; 150:22-30. [PMID: 31518419 PMCID: PMC6946895 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxz216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rapid growth of skeletal muscle in the neonate requires the coordination of protein deposition and myonuclear accretion. During this developmental stage, muscle protein synthesis is highly sensitive to amino acid supply, especially Leu, but we do not know if this is true for satellite cells, the source of muscle fiber myonuclei. OBJECTIVE We examined whether dietary protein restriction reduces myonuclear accretion in the neonatal pig, and if any reduction in myonuclear accretion is mitigated by restoring Leu intake. METHODS Neonatal pigs (1.53 ± 0.2 kg) were fitted with jugular vein and gastric catheters and fed 1 of 3 isoenergetic milk replacers every 4 h for 21 d: high protein [HP; 22.5 g protein/(kg/d); n= 8]; restricted protein [RP; 11.2 g protein/(kg/d); n= 10]; or restricted protein with Leu [RPL; 12.0 g protein/(kg/d); n= 10]. Pigs were administered 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU; 15 mg/kg) intravenously every 12 h from days 6 to 8. Blood was sampled on days 6 and 21 to measure plasma Leu concentrations. On day 21, pigs were killed and the longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle was collected to measure cell morphometry, satellite cell abundance, myonuclear accretion, and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system expression. RESULTS Compared with HP pigs, postprandial plasma Leu concentration in RP pigs was 37% and 47% lower on days 6 and 21, respectively (P < 0.05); Leu supplementation in RPL pigs restored postprandial Leu to HP concentrations. Dietary protein restriction reduced LD myofiber cross-sectional area by 21%, satellite cell abundance by 35%, and BrdU+ myonuclear abundance by 25% (P < 0.05); Leu did not reverse these outcomes. Dietary protein restriction reduced LD muscle IGF2 expression by 60%, but not IGF1 or IGF1R expression (P < 0.05); Leu did not rescue IGF2 expression. CONCLUSIONS Satellite cell abundance and myonuclear accretion in neonatal pigs are compromised when dietary protein intake is restricted and are not restored with Leu supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Rudar
- USDA/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Daniel A Columbus
- USDA/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Julia Steinhoff-Wagner
- USDA/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Agus Suryawan
- USDA/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hanh V Nguyen
- USDA/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ryan Fleischmann
- USDA/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Teresa A Davis
- USDA/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Marta L Fiorotto
- USDA/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA,Address correspondence to MLF (E-mail: )
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4
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Milewska M, Domoradzki T, Majewska A, Błaszczyk M, Gajewska M, Hulanicka M, Grzelkowska-Kowalczyk K. Interleukin-6 affects pacsin3, ephrinA4 expression and cytoskeletal proteins in differentiating primary skeletal myoblasts through transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms. Cell Tissue Res 2019; 380:155-172. [PMID: 31820147 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-019-03133-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-6 is a proinflammatory cytokine released in injured and contracting skeletal muscles. In this study, we examined cellular expression of proteins associated with cytoskeleton organization and cell migration, chosen on the basis of microRNA profiling, in rat primary skeletal muscle cells (RSkMC) treated with IL-6 (1 ng/ml) for 11 days. MiRNA microarray analysis and qRT-PCR revealed increased expression of miR-154-3p and miR-338-3p in muscle cells treated with IL-6. Pacsin3 was downregulated post-transcriptionally by IL-6, but not by IGF-I. Ephrin4A protein was increased both in IL-6- and IGF-I-treated myocytes. IL-6, but not IGF-I, stimulated migratory ability of RSkMC, examined in wound healing assay. Alpha-actinin protein was slightly augmented in RSKMC treated with IL-6, similarly to IGF-I. IL-6, but not IGF-I, upregulated desmin in differentiating RSkMC. IL-6 supplementation caused accumulation of alpha-actinin and desmin in near-nuclear area of muscle cells, which was manifested by increased ratio: mean near-nuclear fluorescence/mean peripheral cytoplasm fluorescence of these proteins. We concluded that IL-6, a known proinflammatory cytokine and a physical activity-associated myokine, acting during differentiation of primary skeletal muscle cells, alters expression of nonmuscle-specific miRNAs. This cytokine causes differential effects on pacsin-3 and ephrinA4, through post-transcriptional inhibition and stimulation, respectively. IL-6-exerted modifications of cytoskeletal proteins in muscle cells include both transcriptional (desmin and dynein heavy chain 5) and post-transcriptional activation (alpha-actinin). Moreover, IL-6 augments near-nuclear distribution of cytoskeletal proteins, alpha-actinin and desmin and promotes migration of myocytes. Such effects suggest that IL-6 plays a role during skeletal muscle regeneration, acting through mechanisms independent of regulation of myogenic program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Milewska
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Physiological Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Domoradzki
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Physiological Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Alicja Majewska
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Physiological Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Błaszczyk
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Physiological Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Gajewska
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Physiological Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Hulanicka
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Physiological Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Grzelkowska-Kowalczyk
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Physiological Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland.
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5
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Watamoto Y, Futawaka K, Hayashi M, Matsushita M, Mitsutani M, Murakami K, Song Z, Koyama R, Fukuda Y, Nushida A, Nezu S, Kuwahara A, Kataoka K, Tagami T, Moriyama K. Insulin-like growth factor-1 directly mediates expression of mitochondrial uncoupling protein 3 via forkhead box O4. Growth Horm IGF Res 2019; 46-47:24-35. [PMID: 31158782 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of our study was to examine the direct action of insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1) signaling on energy homeostasis in myocytes. DESIGN We studied the IGF-1 stimulation of mitochondrial uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) expression in the HEK 293 derived cell line TSA201, murine C2C12 skeletal muscle myoblasts, and rat L6 skeletal myoblasts. We also investigated the direct effect of IGF-1 on the Insulin/IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R)/phosphatidylinositol 3 (PI3)-Akt/forkhead box O4 (FOXO4) pathway using a combination of a reporter assay, semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and animal experiments. RESULTS We demonstrated that IGF-1 regulates UCP3 expression via phosphorylation of FOXO4, which is a downstream signal transducer of IGF-1. UCP3 expression increased with activated FOXO4 in a dose-dependent manner. We also examined the functional FOXO4 binding site consensus sequences and identified it as the -1922 bp site in the UCP3 promoter region. UCP3 was also found to be concomitantly expressed with IGF-1 during differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts. Our animal experiments showed that high fat diet induced IGF-1 levels which likely influenced UCP3 expression in the skeletal muscle. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate that that IGF-1 directly stimulates UCP3 expression via the IGF-1/IGF-1R/PI3-Akt/FOXO4 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Watamoto
- Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Kumi Futawaka
- Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Misa Hayashi
- Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Midori Matsushita
- Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Mana Mitsutani
- Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Kana Murakami
- Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Zilin Song
- Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Rie Koyama
- Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Yuki Fukuda
- Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Ayaka Nushida
- Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Syoko Nezu
- Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Akiko Kuwahara
- Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Kazusaburo Kataoka
- Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Tagami
- Clinical Research Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan
| | - Kenji Moriyama
- Medicine & Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan; Clinical Research Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan.
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6
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Milewska M, Domoradzki T, Majewska A, Błaszczyk M, Gajewska M, Hulanicka M, Ciecierska A, Grzelkowska-Kowalczyk K. Interleukin-8 enhances myocilin expression, Akt-FoxO3 signaling and myogenic differentiation in rat skeletal muscle cells. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:19675-19690. [PMID: 30945300 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-8 is released both in visceral adipose tissue and in contracting skeletal muscles. In this study, we examined cellular pathways associated with muscle hypertrophy, chosen on the basis of microRNA profiling, in differentiating rat primary skeletal muscle cells (RSkMC) treated with IL-8 (1 ng/ml) for 11 days. IL-8 increased myocilin expression, Akt phosphorylation, FoxO3 dispersion throughout the cytoplasm, and reduced FoxO3 level. IL-8 decreased the expression of atrogin and MuRF1 and increased myotube length and diameter. We concluded that IL-8 present in extracellular environment of myoblasts induced to differentiation stimulates expression of myocilin, a protein important for skeletal muscle hypertrophy. This phenomenon was associated with: (a) activation of myogenic transcription, (b) increased phosphorylation and activation of PKB/Akt, leading to (c) cytoplasm distribution and degradation of a transcription factor FoxO3, (d) decreased expression of gene markers of proteolysis, atrogin and Murf1, and (e) increased myotube length and diameter. In this regard, IL-8 affects skeletal muscle cells similarly to IGF-I and can be considered as a potent anticatabolic factor for skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Milewska
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Domoradzki
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Warsaw, Poland
| | - Alicja Majewska
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Błaszczyk
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Gajewska
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Hulanicka
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Ciecierska
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Grzelkowska-Kowalczyk
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Warsaw, Poland
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7
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Iresjö BM, Engström C, Smedh U, Lundholm K. Overnight Steady-State Infusions of Parenteral Nutrition on Myosin Heavy Chain Transcripts in Rectus Abdominis Muscle Related to Amino Acid Transporters, Insulin-like Growth Factor 1, and Blood Amino Acids in Patients Aimed at Major Surgery. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2018; 43:497-507. [PMID: 30350380 DOI: 10.1002/jpen.1458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evaluation of improvements by nutrition support to severely ill patients requires sensitive methods to demonstrate activation of protein synthesis in various tissues from groups with a limited number of patients to be statistically efficient. This study examines effects of standard parenteral nutrition (PN) on abdominal muscle transcripts of amino acid (AA) transporters, myosin heavy chains (MHCs), and the insulin-like growth factor 1 and its receptor (IGF-1/IGF-1R) in patients aimed at major surgery. METHODS Twenty-two randomized patients received steady-state PN (0.16 gN/kg/d, 30 kcal/kg/d) or saline infusions for 12 hours before operation. Blood samples and muscle biopsies were obtained at operation start. Muscle messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of AA transporters (solute carrier family members SNAT2, LAT1, LAT3, LAT4, TAUT, PAT1, CD98), IGF-1, IGF-1R, MHC isoforms (MHC1, MHC2A, MHC2X), and LAT3 protein were quantified and related to concentrations of AA, IGF-1, insulin, and metabolic substrates in blood. RESULTS Muscle mRNA LAT3, LAT4, IGF-1R, and MHC2A increased by PN infusion, with correlations to specific AA transporters and MHC isoforms (P < .01-.05). TAUT and LAT3 correlated to slow (MHC1) and fast (MHC2A, MHC2X) isoforms (P < .001-.02). Muscle IGF-1 mRNA correlated to plasma essential AAs, whereas IGF-1R mRNA was related to LAT3, MHC2A, and serum IGF-1 (P < .001-.03). CONCLUSIONS The results confirm that short-term preoperative PN activates transcription of AA transporters and myosin isoforms. Thus, combinations of methods on gene transcription and translation of muscle proteins can be applied to define efficient combinations of nutrition and hormones to catabolic patients in preoperative and postoperative settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britt-Marie Iresjö
- Surgical Metabolic Research Lab, Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Engström
- Surgical Metabolic Research Lab, Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Smedh
- Surgical Metabolic Research Lab, Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kent Lundholm
- Surgical Metabolic Research Lab, Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
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8
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Svensson J, Windahl SH, Saxon L, Sjögren K, Koskela A, Tuukkanen J, Ohlsson C. Liver-derived IGF-I regulates cortical bone mass but is dispensable for the osteogenic response to mechanical loading in female mice. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2016; 311:E138-44. [PMID: 27221117 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00107.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Low circulating IGF-I is associated with increased fracture risk. Conditional depletion of IGF-I produced in osteoblasts or osteocytes inhibits the bone anabolic effect of mechanical loading. Here, we determined the role of endocrine IGF-I for the osteogenic response to mechanical loading in young adult and old female mice with adult, liver-specific IGF-I inactivation (LI-IGF-I(-/-) mice, serum IGF-I reduced by ≈70%) and control mice. The right tibia was subjected to short periods of axial cyclic compressive loading three times/wk for 2 wk, and measurements were performed using microcomputed tomography and mechanical testing by three-point bending. In the nonloaded left tibia, the LI-IGF-I(-/-) mice had lower cortical bone area and increased cortical porosity, resulting in reduced bone mechanical strength compared with the controls. Mechanical loading induced a similar response in LI-IGF-I(-/-) and control mice in terms of cortical bone area and trabecular bone volume fraction. In fact, mechanical loading produced a more marked increase in cortical bone mechanical strength, which was associated with a less marked increase in cortical porosity, in the LI-IGF-I(-/-) mice compared with the control mice. In conclusion, liver-derived IGF-I regulates cortical bone mass, cortical porosity, and mechanical strength under normal (nonloaded) conditions. However, despite an ∼70% reduction in circulating IGF-I, the osteogenic response to mechanical loading was not attenuated in the LI-IGF-I(-/-) mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Svensson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden;
| | - Sara H Windahl
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; School of Veterinary Sciences, Bristol United Kingdom
| | - Leanne Saxon
- The Royal Veterinary College, London United Kingdom; and
| | - Klara Sjögren
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Antti Koskela
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Juha Tuukkanen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Institute of Cancer Research and Translational Medicine, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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9
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Iresjö BM, Engström C, Lundholm K. Preoperative overnight parenteral nutrition (TPN) improves skeletal muscle protein metabolism indicated by microarray algorithm analyses in a randomized trial. Physiol Rep 2016; 4:4/11/e12789. [PMID: 27273879 PMCID: PMC4908486 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.12789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss of muscle mass is associated with increased risk of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. Uncertainties of treatment efficiency by short‐term artificial nutrition remain, specifically improvement of protein balance in skeletal muscles. In this study, algorithmic microarray analysis was applied to map cellular changes related to muscle protein metabolism in human skeletal muscle tissue during provision of overnight preoperative total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Twenty‐two patients (11/group) scheduled for upper GI surgery due to malignant or benign disease received a continuous peripheral all‐in‐one TPN infusion (30 kcal/kg/day, 0.16 gN/kg/day) or saline infusion for 12 h prior operation. Biopsies from the rectus abdominis muscle were taken at the start of operation for isolation of muscle RNA. RNA expression microarray analyses were performed with Agilent Sureprint G3, 8 × 60K arrays using one‐color labeling. 447 mRNAs were differently expressed between study and control patients (P < 0.1). mRNAs related to ribosomal biogenesis, mRNA processing, and translation were upregulated during overnight nutrition; particularly anabolic signaling S6K1 (P < 0.01–0.1). Transcripts of genes associated with lysosomal degradation showed consistently lower expression during TPN while mRNAs for ubiquitin‐mediated degradation of proteins as well as transcripts related to intracellular signaling pathways, PI3 kinase/MAPkinase, were either increased or decreased. In conclusion, muscle mRNA alterations during overnight standard TPN infusions at constant rate altered mRNAs associated with mTOR signaling; increased initiation of protein translation; and suppressed autophagy/lysosomal degradation of proteins. This indicates that overnight preoperative parenteral nutrition is effective to promote muscle protein metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britt-Marie Iresjö
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Engström
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Kent Lundholm
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
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10
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Svensson J, Sjögren K, Levin M, Borén J, Tivesten Å, Ohlsson C. Increased diet-induced fatty streak formation in female mice with deficiency of liver-derived insulin-like growth factor-I. Endocrine 2016; 52:550-60. [PMID: 26627099 PMCID: PMC4879167 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-015-0809-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The role of endocrine IGF-I for atherosclerosis is unclear. We determined the importance of circulating, liver-derived IGF-I for fatty streak formation in mice. Mice with adult, liver-specific IGF-I inactivation (LI-IGF-I(-/-) mice, serum IGF-I reduced by approximately 80 %) and control mice received an atherogenic (modified Paigen) diet between 6 and 12 months of age. At study end, Oil Red O staining of aortic root cryosections showed increased fatty streak area and lipid deposition in female but not in male LI-IGF-I(-/-) mice compared to controls. Mac-2 staining of aortic root and measurements of CD68 mRNA level in femoral artery revealed increased macrophage accumulation in proportion to the increased fatty streak area in female LI-IGF-I(-/-) mice. Moreover, female LI-IGF-I(-/-) mice displayed increased serum cholesterol and interleukin-6 as well as increased vascular cell-adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM1) mRNA levels in the femoral artery and elevated VCAM1 protein expression in the aortic root. Thus, increased diet-induced fatty streak formation in female LI-IGF-I(-/-) mice was associated with increased serum cholesterol and signs of systemic inflammation, endothelial activation, lipid deposition, and macrophage infiltration in the vascular wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Svensson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45, Göteborg, Sweden.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gröna Stråket 8, 413 45, Göteborg, Sweden.
| | - Klara Sjögren
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Malin Levin
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Jan Borén
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Åsa Tivesten
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45, Göteborg, Sweden
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Zhou Y, Wei X, Zi Z, Zou B, Xia S, Lu N, Lei H, Lu Y, Parvizi N, Xia D. Potassium diformate influences gene expression of GH/IGF-I axis and glucose homeostasis in weaning piglets. Livest Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2014.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Grabiec K, Gajewska M, Milewska M, Błaszczyk M, Grzelkowska-Kowalczyk K. The influence of high glucose and high insulin on mechanisms controlling cell cycle progression and arrest in mouse C2C12 myoblasts: the comparison with IGF-I effect. J Endocrinol Invest 2014; 37:233-45. [PMID: 24615360 PMCID: PMC3949044 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-013-0007-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2013] [Accepted: 11/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myogenesis is susceptible to the availability of nutrients and humoral factors and suboptimal fetal environments affect the number of myofibers and muscle mass. AIM We examined the mechanisms regulating cell cycle progression and arrest in skeletal myoblasts. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mouse C2C12 myoblasts were subjected to proliferation or induction of differentiation in the presence of high glucose and high insulin (HGHI glucose 15 mmol/l, insulin 50 nmol/l), and these effects were compared with the influence of anabolic factor for skeletal muscle, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I 30 nmol/l). RESULTS High glucose and high insulin, similarly to IGF-I, increased the intracellular level of cyclin A, cyclin B1 and cyclin D1 during myoblast proliferation. In HGHI-treated myoblasts, these cyclins were localized mostly in the nuclei, and the level of cdk4-bound cyclin D1 was augmented. HGHI significantly stimulated the expression of cyclin D3, total level of p21 and cdk-bound fraction of p21 in differentiating cells. The cellular level of MyoD was augmented by HGHI both in proliferating and differentiating myogenic cells. CONCLUSIONS High glucose and insulin modify the mechanisms controlling cell cycle progression and the onset of myogenesis by: (1) increase of cyclin A, cyclin B1 and cyclin D1 in myoblast nuclei, and stimulation of cyclin D1-cdk4 binding; (2) increase in cyclin D3 and MyoD levels, and the p21-cdk4 complexes after induction of differentiation. Hyperglycemia/hyperinsulinemia during fetal or postnatal life could exert effects similar to IGF-I and can be, therefore, favourable for skeletal muscle growth and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Grabiec
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - M. Gajewska
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - M. Milewska
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - M. Błaszczyk
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - K. Grzelkowska-Kowalczyk
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
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