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Portella RO, Cordeiro EMG, Marques APS, Ming LC, Zucchi MI, Lima MP, Martins ER, Hantao LW, Sawaya ACHF, Semir J, Pinheiro JB, Marques MOM. Evidence of altitudinal gradient modifying genomic and chemical diversity in populations of Lychnophora pinaster Mart. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2021; 192:112898. [PMID: 34492545 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Lychnophora pinaster Mart. (Asteraceae) is endemic to the Brazilian Cerrado. It is distributed along the altitudinal gradient of the mountainous ranges of the state of Minas Gerais. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of altitude on the genetic diversity of L. pinaster populations and the effects of altitude and climatic factors on essential oil chemical composition. Essential oils from L. pinaster populations from the north (North 01, North 02, and North 03, 700-859 m) and the Metropolitan region of Belo Horizonte (MhBH 01 and MrBH 02, 1366-1498 m) were analyzed. SNP markers from L. pinaster in these regions and Campos das Vertentes (CV 01, CV 02, and CV 03, 1055-1292 m) were also analyzed. The main compounds in essential oils were 14-hydroxy-α-humulene (North 01 and North 03), cedr-8(15)-en-9-α-ol (North 02), 14-acetoxy-α-humulene (MrBH 01), and 4-oxo-15-nor-eudesman-11-ene (MrBH 02). Hierarchical cluster and heatmap analyses showed that the North and MrBH populations included five different groups, indicating the chemical composition of essential oils is distinct in each population. Furthermore, principal component analysis showed that higher altitudes (1366 m and 1498 m) in the MrBH influence the chemical composition of essential oils, and climatic factors determine the chemical composition in North region. The genetic diversity showed that most alleles are in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and imply high genetic variation and genetic polymorphisms between populations. Furthermore, the results of Mantel tests (R = 0.3861517; p = 0.04709529; R = 0.9423121; p = 0.02739726) also showed that higher altitude (>1360 m) shapes the genetic diversity at the MrBH. The genetic structure showed that higher altitudes (>1360 m) contribute to the structure of the MrBH populations, but not to North and CV populations. Therefore, the altitudinal ranges of Minas Gerais mountainous ranges determine the higher genetic and chemical diversity of L. pinaster populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto O Portella
- Universidade de Taubaté, Av. Tiradentes, 500, Bom Conselho, CEP: 12030-180, Taubaté, SP, Brazil; Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho," Rua Prof. Dr. Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin, 250 - Distrito de Rubião Junior, CEP: 18618-689, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Erick M G Cordeiro
- Agência Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agronegócios, Polo Regional de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico do Centro Sul, Caixa Postal 28, CEP: 13400-970, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula S Marques
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho," Rua Prof. Dr. Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin, 250 - Distrito de Rubião Junior, CEP: 18618-689, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Lin C Ming
- Departamento de Horticultura, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho," Rua José Barbosa de Barros, 1780, CEP: 18610-307, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria I Zucchi
- Agência Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agronegócios, Polo Regional de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico do Centro Sul, Caixa Postal 28, CEP: 13400-970, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria P Lima
- Coordenação de Inovação Tecnológica, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Avenida André Araújo, 2936, Aleixo, CEP: 69011-970, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Ernane R Martins
- Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Universitária, 1000, Universitário, CEP: 39404-547, Montes Claros, MG, Brazil
| | - Leandro W Hantao
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 270, CEP: 13083-862, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Alexandra C H F Sawaya
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Rua Cândido Portinari, 200, Cidade Universitária, CEP: 13083-871, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - João Semir
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, Barão Geraldo, CEP: 13083-862, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - José B Pinheiro
- Departamento de Genética, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, CEP: 13418-900, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcia O M Marques
- Centro de Pesquisa de Recursos Genéticos Vegetais, Instituto Agronômico, Avenida Barão de Itapura, 1481, Botafogo, CEP: 13020-902, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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Vittala Murthy NT, Paul SK, Chauhan H, Singh S. Polymeric Nanoparticles for Transdermal Delivery of Polyphenols. Curr Drug Deliv 2021; 19:182-191. [PMID: 34288837 DOI: 10.2174/1567201818666210720144851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Polyphenols comprises of a large group of naturally occurring plant secondary metabolites having various nutritional and health benefits. They are safe and are found abundantly in the diet. Current research on polyphenols focuses on their mechanism and their benefits on the human health. However, due to their low solubility and bioavailability, delivery from conventional route has been a challenge and their translation into clinical applications has been limited. Topical and transdermal delivery of polymeric nanoparticles will act as a novel therapeutic approach for promising delivery of polyphenols. In this review, we have evaluated the existing scientific literature and summarized the potential use of polymeric nanoparticles as a carrier for polyphenolic compounds for delivery via topical and transdermal routes for the treatment of skin cancers such as melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Harsh Chauhan
- Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, United States
| | - Somnath Singh
- School of Pharmacy and Health Professionals Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, United States
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Sousa Filho LF, Barbosa Santos MM, Menezes PDP, Lima BDS, Souza Araújo AAD, de Oliveira ED. A novel quercetin/β-cyclodextrin transdermal gel, combined or not with therapeutic ultrasound, reduces oxidative stress after skeletal muscle injury. RSC Adv 2021; 11:27837-27844. [PMID: 35480723 PMCID: PMC9037813 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra04708f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A gel containing the inclusion complex of quercetin and β-cyclodextrin was developed in order to verify its effects, isolated or using phonophoresis, on oxidative biomarkers after skeletal muscle injury. 30 male rats were divided into one of five groups: Control (CTRL), Muscle Injury (MI), Therapeutic Pulsed Ultrasound (TPU), Therapeutic Pulsed Ultrasound plus Quercetin (TPU plus gel-QUE) or Quercetin gel (QUE). Quercetin gel was complexed with β-Cyclodextrin (β-CD) using chromatography (HPLC). TPU and quercetin application occurred with 2, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96 hours intervals after injury. Gastrocnemius muscle was injured by mechanical trauma. Lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase activity, and catalase activity were assessed. The inclusion complex exhibited adequate entrapment efficiency, relative density and pH. The viscosity of the complex showed a non-Newtonian pseudoplastic behavior. Quercetin/β-cyclodextrin gel reduced lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase activity and catalase activity compared to muscle injury group. Similarly, phonophoresis and TPU also reduced the levels of these oxidative biomarkers. In conclusion, quercetin/β-cyclodextrin transdermal gel reduces oxidative stress biomarkers after skeletal muscle injury irrespective of using phonophoresis. A gel containing the inclusion complex of quercetin and β-cyclodextrin was developed in order to verify its effects, isolated or using phonophoresis, on oxidative biomarkers after skeletal muscle injury.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Fernando Sousa Filho
- Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of Sergipe, Av Marechal Rondon s/n, 49000-100, São Cristovão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Marta Maria Barbosa Santos
- Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of Sergipe, Av Marechal Rondon s/n, 49000-100, São Cristovão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Paula dos Passos Menezes
- Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Sergipe, Av Marechal Rondon s/n, 49000-100, São Cristovão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Bruno dos Santos Lima
- Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Sergipe, Av Marechal Rondon s/n, 49000-100, São Cristovão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | | | - Evaleide Diniz de Oliveira
- Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of Sergipe, Av Marechal Rondon s/n, 49000-100, São Cristovão, Sergipe, Brazil
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Araújo CRR, de Melo Silva T, dos Santos MG, Ottoni MHF, de Souza Fagundes EM, de Sousa Fontoura H, de Melo GEBA, de Carvalho Alcântara AF. Anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activities of the extracts, fractions, and chemical constituents isolated from Luehea ochrophylla Mart. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 19:284. [PMID: 31660940 PMCID: PMC6819536 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2701-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stem bark of Luehea ochrophylla (L. ochrophylla) is used by the traditional Brazilian medicine for treatment of rheumatic diseases and tumors. This study aimed to investigate inhibition of acute and chronic inflammations and cytotoxic activity of extracts, fractions, and isolated compounds from L. ochrophylla. METHODS Hexane (HE) and ethanol (EE) extracts obtained from stem bark of L. ochrophylla were submitted to chromatographic fractionation. In order to test acute inflammation, experimental model of impact injury was used, followed by transdermal application of gels using phonophoresis. Histological analysis was based on scores assigned by the capacity of decreasing the lesion. To evaluate the effect EE and fractions on cell proliferation, human lymphocytes were stimulated with phytohemagglutinin and analyzed using flow cytometry. Proliferation was measured using VPD 450 staining and the calculated proliferative index (PI). The cytotoxic activity was evaluated using MTT colorimetric method against MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, HCT-116, and Vero cells. GraphPad Prism Version 5 was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS HE and EE provided friedelin, β-friedelinol, lupeol, mixture of lupeol and pseudotaraxasterol, β-sitosterol, betulinic acid, mixture of lupeol and taraxasterol, (-)-epicatechin, β-sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, and (+)-epicatechin-(4β-8)-epicatechin. HE, ethyl acetate fraction (AF), betulinic acid, and β-sitosterol promoted regeneration of muscle fibers caused by muscle injury. AF significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the lymphocyte proliferation index (1.36 for cultures stimulated with PHA, 0.7 for untreated cultures and 0.12 for cultures stimulated with PHA and treated with AF 25 μg/mL and AF 50 μg/mL, respectively). β-Sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside exhibited high cytotoxic activity (IC50 = 1.279 μg/mL) against HCT-116 cell line. CONCLUSION These results suggest that extracts, fractions, and chemical constituents from L. ochrophylla decreases inflammatory processes generated by muscle injury. The anti-inflammatory activity may be justified by high inhibition of T cell proliferation. These extracts, fractions, and chemical constituents from L. ochrophylla may be useful as a therapeutic agent against rheumatic diseases. Moreover, chemical constituents from L. ochrophylla show potent cytotoxic activity against colon and rectal carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clináscia Rodrigues Rocha Araújo
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Instituto Federal do Norte de Minas Gerais, Januária, Brazil
| | - Thiago de Melo Silva
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | | | - Elaine Maria de Souza Fagundes
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Thooptianrat T, Chaveerach A, Sudmoon R, Tanee T, Liehr T, Babayan N. Screening of phytochemicals and toxicity of medicinal plants,Dilleniaspecies, reveals potential natural product resources. J Food Biochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tikumporn Thooptianrat
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology; Khon Kaen University; Khon Kaen 40002 Thailand
- Genetics and Environmental Toxicology Research Group; Khon Kaen University; Khon Kaen 40002 Thailand
| | - Arunrat Chaveerach
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology; Khon Kaen University; Khon Kaen 40002 Thailand
- Genetics and Environmental Toxicology Research Group; Khon Kaen University; Khon Kaen 40002 Thailand
| | - Runglawan Sudmoon
- Genetics and Environmental Toxicology Research Group; Khon Kaen University; Khon Kaen 40002 Thailand
- Faculty of Law; Khon Kaen University; Khon Kaen 40002 Thailand
| | - Tawatchai Tanee
- Genetics and Environmental Toxicology Research Group; Khon Kaen University; Khon Kaen 40002 Thailand
- Faculty of Environment and Resource Studies; Mahasarakham University; Maha Sarakham 44150 Thailand
| | - Thomas Liehr
- Institute of Human Genetics; Friedrich Schiller University; Jena D-07743 Germany
| | - Nelli Babayan
- Department of Genetics and Cytology; Yerevan State University; Yerevan 0025 Armenia
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Araújo CRR, Silva RR, Silva TM, Takahashi JA, Sales-Junior PA, Dessimoni-Pinto NAV, Souza-Fagundes EM, Romanha AJ, Murta SMF, Alcântara AFC. Constituents from stem barks of Luehea ochrophylla Mart and evaluation of their antiparasitic, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activities. Nat Prod Res 2016; 31:1948-1953. [PMID: 27966397 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2016.1266346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Luehea species are found in almost all Central and South American countries. The present work describes the phytochemical study, isolation, and structural characterisation of friedelin, β-friedelinol, lupeol, pseudotaraxasterol, β-sitosterol, betulinic acid, taraxasterol, (-)-epicatechin, β-sitosterol-3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, and (+)-epicatechin-(4β→8)-epicatechin from stem barks of Luehea ochrophylla Mart. The structural identification of the isolated compounds was mainly performed by NMR analyses and comparison with the data from literature. These compounds were isolated for the first time in the genus Luehea, except β-sitosterol glucopyranoside, (-)-epicatechin, and lupeol. Hexane extract (HE) and dichloromethane (DF) and ethyl acetate (AF) fractions exhibited antiparasitic activity against amastigote (intracellular) and trypomastigote culture forms of Trypanosoma cruzi. The ethanol extract (EE), DF, and ethanol fraction (EF) exhibited considerable antifungal activity against Candida albicans. Moreover, extracts and fractions exhibited significant percentage of capture free radicals of 2,2-diphenyl-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) when compared to the standard of ascorbic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R R Araújo
- a Departamento de Química , Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Brazil
| | - R R Silva
- b Departamento de Química , Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri , Diamantina , Brazil
| | - T M Silva
- a Departamento de Química , Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Brazil
| | - J A Takahashi
- a Departamento de Química , Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Brazil
| | - P A Sales-Junior
- c Laboratório de Parasitologia Celular e Molecular , Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou-Fiocruz , Belo Horizonte , Brazil
| | - N A V Dessimoni-Pinto
- d Departamento de Nutrição , Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri , Diamantina , Brazil
| | - E M Souza-Fagundes
- e Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica , Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Brazil
| | - A J Romanha
- c Laboratório de Parasitologia Celular e Molecular , Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou-Fiocruz , Belo Horizonte , Brazil
| | - S M F Murta
- c Laboratório de Parasitologia Celular e Molecular , Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou-Fiocruz , Belo Horizonte , Brazil
| | - A F C Alcântara
- a Departamento de Química , Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Brazil
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Skirycz A, Castilho A, Chaparro C, Carvalho N, Tzotzos G, Siqueira JO. Canga biodiversity, a matter of mining. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2014; 5:653. [PMID: 25505476 PMCID: PMC4241825 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2014.00653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Brazilian name canga refers to the ecosystems associated with superficial iron crusts typical for the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais (MG) and some parts of Amazon (Flona de Carajas). Iron stone is associated with mountain plateaux and so, in addition to high metal concentrations (particularly iron and manganese), canga ecosystems, as other rock outcrops, are characterized by isolation and environmental harshness. Canga inselbergs, all together, occupy no more than 200 km(2) of area spread over thousands of km(2) of the Iron Quadrangle (MG) and the Flona de Carajas, resulting in considerable beta biodiversity. Moreover, the presence of different microhabitats within the iron crust is associated with high alpha biodiversity. Hundreds of angiosperm species have been reported so far across remote canga inselbergs and different micro-habitats. Among these are endemics such as the cactus Arthrocereus glaziovii and the medicinal plant Pilocarpus microphyllus. Canga is also home to iron and manganese metallophytes; species that evolved to tolerate high metal concentrations. These are particularly interesting to study metal homeostasis as both iron and manganese are essential plant micro-elements. Besides being models for metal metabolism, metallophytes can be used for bio-remediation of metal contaminated sites, and as such are considered among priority species for canga restoration. "Biodiversity mining" is not the only mining business attracted to canga. Open cast iron mining generates as much as 5-6% of Brazilian gross domestic product and dialog between mining companies, government, society, and ecologists, enforced by legal regulation, is ongoing to find compromise for canga protection, and where mining is unavoidable for ecosystem restoration. Environmental factors that shaped canga vegetation, canga biodiversity, physiological mechanisms to play a role, and ways to protect and restore canga will be reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Skirycz
- Department of Sustainable Development, Vale Institute of TechnologyBelém, Brazil
| | | | - Cristian Chaparro
- Department of Sustainable Development, Vale Institute of TechnologyBelém, Brazil
| | - Nelson Carvalho
- Department of Sustainable Development, Vale Institute of TechnologyBelém, Brazil
| | - George Tzotzos
- Department of Sustainable Development, Vale Institute of TechnologyBelém, Brazil
| | - Jose O. Siqueira
- Department of Sustainable Development, Vale Institute of TechnologyBelém, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Jose O. Siqueira, Department of Sustainable Development, Vale Institute of Technology, Rua Boaventura da Silva, 955 (Nazaré), 66055-090 Belém, PA, Brazil e-mail:
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