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Zeng Y, Wang J, Yang C, Ding M, Hamilton PB, Zhang X, Yang C, Zhnag L, Dai X. A Streptomyces globisporus strain kills Microcystis aeruginosa via cell-to-cell contact. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 769:144489. [PMID: 33465632 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (CyanoHABs) bring economic loss, damage aquatic ecosystems, and produce cyanobacterial toxins that threaten human health. Algicidal bacteria as pathogens can expediate the decline of CyanoHABs. In this study, a Streptomyces globisporus strain (designated G9), isolated from soil near a eutrophic pond, showed high algicidal activity against Microcystis aeruginosa. Experimental results show that G9 preyed on Microcystis through cell-to-cell contact: (1) the hyphae of G9 killed cyanobacterial cells by twining around them, while cells beyond the reach of G9 hyphae were in normal shapes; (2) No algicides were detectable in the supernatant of G9 cultures or G9-Microcystis cocultures. The algicidal ratio of G9 to M. aeruginosa reached 96.7% after 6 days. G9 selectively killed the tested cyanobacterial strains, while it had only minor impacts on the growth of tested Chlorophyceae. Differential gene expression studies show that G9 affected the expression of key genes of M. aeruginosa involved in photosynthesis, microcystin synthesis and cellular emergency responses. Further, the microcystin-LR content decreased gradually with G9 treatment. As the first reported Streptomyces sp. with algicidal (predation) activity requiring cell-to-cell contact with target prey, G9 is a good candidate for the exploration of additional cyanobacteria-bacteria interactions and the development of novel strategies to control CyanoHABs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudie Zeng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-resource development for Bioenergy, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jiayu Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-resource development for Bioenergy, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Chunyan Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-resource development for Bioenergy, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Mengyue Ding
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-resource development for Bioenergy, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Paul B Hamilton
- Canadian Museum of Nature, 240 McLeod Street, Ottawa, Ontario K1P 6P4, Canada
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-resource development for Bioenergy, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Caiyun Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-resource development for Bioenergy, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Lei Zhnag
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-resource development for Bioenergy, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xianzhu Dai
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-resource development for Bioenergy, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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2
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Soldan R, Sanguankiattichai N, Bach-Pages M, Bervoets I, Huang WE, Preston GM. From macro to micro: a combined bioluminescence-fluorescence approach to monitor bacterial localization. Environ Microbiol 2021; 23:2070-2085. [PMID: 33103833 PMCID: PMC8614114 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial bioluminescence is widely used to study the spatiotemporal dynamics of bacterial populations and gene expression in vivo at a population level but cannot easily be used to study bacterial activity at the level of individual cells. In this study, we describe the development of a new library of mini‐Tn7‐lux and lux::eyfp reporter constructs that provide a wide range of lux expression levels, and which combine the advantages of both bacterial bioluminescence and fluorescent proteins to bridge the gap between macro‐ and micro‐scale imaging techniques. We demonstrate that a dual bioluminescence‐fluorescence approach using the lux operon and eYFP can be used to monitor bacterial movement in plants both macro‐ and microscopically and demonstrate that Pseudomonas syringae pv phaseolicola can colonize the leaf vascular system and systemically infect leaves of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris). We also show that bacterial bioluminescence can be used to study the impact of plant immune responses on bacterial multiplication, viability and spread within plant tissues. The constructs and approach described in this study can be used to study the spatiotemporal dynamics of bacterial colonization and to link population dynamics and cellular interactions in a wide range of biological contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Soldan
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | - Indra Bervoets
- Department of Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Wei E Huang
- Department of Engineering, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Gail M Preston
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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3
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Liu J, Yang C, Chi Y, Wu D, Dai X, Zhang X, Igarashi Y, Luo F. Algicidal characterization and mechanism of Bacillus licheniformis
Sp34 against Microcystis aeruginosa
in Dianchi Lake. J Basic Microbiol 2019; 59:1112-1124. [DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201900112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinyu Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory, Research Center of Bioenergy and Bioremediation, College of Resources and Environment; Southwest University; Chongqing China
| | - Caiyun Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory, Research Center of Bioenergy and Bioremediation, College of Resources and Environment; Southwest University; Chongqing China
| | - Yuxin Chi
- Chongqing Key Laboratory, Research Center of Bioenergy and Bioremediation, College of Resources and Environment; Southwest University; Chongqing China
| | - Donghao Wu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory, Research Center of Bioenergy and Bioremediation, College of Resources and Environment; Southwest University; Chongqing China
| | - Xianzhu Dai
- Chongqing Key Laboratory, Research Center of Bioenergy and Bioremediation, College of Resources and Environment; Southwest University; Chongqing China
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory, Research Center of Bioenergy and Bioremediation, College of Resources and Environment; Southwest University; Chongqing China
| | - Yasuo Igarashi
- Chongqing Key Laboratory, Research Center of Bioenergy and Bioremediation, College of Resources and Environment; Southwest University; Chongqing China
| | - Feng Luo
- Chongqing Key Laboratory, Research Center of Bioenergy and Bioremediation, College of Resources and Environment; Southwest University; Chongqing China
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4
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Yu Y, Zeng Y, Li J, Yang C, Zhang X, Luo F, Dai X. An algicidal Streptomyces amritsarensis strain against Microcystis aeruginosa strongly inhibits microcystin synthesis simultaneously. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 650:34-43. [PMID: 30195130 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.08.433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Microcystis aeruginosa and hepatotoxic microcystins produced by it have posed a severe threat to aquatic ecological security and human health. In this study a Streptomyces amritsarensis HG-16, showing high algicidal activity against M. aeruginosa and strong inhibitory effect on microcystin synthesis, was obtained by screening some anti-Fusarium sp. microbial strains isolated before in our laboratory. HG-16 bound cyanobacterial cells by mycelia to form flocs and killed M. aeruginosa by secreting active substances, which were proteinase K resistant and stable in the temperature range of 35-75 °C and pH range of 3-11. HG-16 removed M. aeruginosa of 105 and 106 cell mL-1 cell densities in similar rate and was active against all the tested harmful unicellular and filamentous cyanobacteria. Results of differential gene expression analysis indicated that HG-16 affected the photosynthesis system and microcystin synthesis of M. aeruginosa. Accordingly, the algicidal activity of HG-16 was light-dependent, and microcystin synthesis of M. aeruginosa decreased by 91.2% with HG-16 treatment. Thus, it is promising to utilize HG-16 to mitigate harmful cyanobacterial blooms, inhibit microcystin synthesis and control plant disease caused by Fusarium.spp. through irrigating farmland with eutrophic water applied HG-16.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-resource development for Bioenergy, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yudie Zeng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-resource development for Bioenergy, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jing Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-resource development for Bioenergy, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Caiyun Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-resource development for Bioenergy, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-resource development for Bioenergy, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Feng Luo
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-resource development for Bioenergy, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Xianzhu Dai
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-resource development for Bioenergy, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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5
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Xuan H, Dai X, Li J, Zhang X, Yang C, Luo F. A Bacillus sp. strain with antagonistic activity against Fusarium graminearum kills Microcystis aeruginosa selectively. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 583:214-221. [PMID: 28104332 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.01.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (CyanoHABs) cause severe environmental problems, economic losses and threaten human health seriously. In the present study, a Bacillus sp. strain, designated as AF-1, with strong antagonistic activity against plant pathogenic fungus Fusarium graminearum was isolated from purple soil. Bacillus sp. AF-1 selectively killed Microcystis aeruginosa at low cell density (1.6×103cfu/mL), and showed the strongest bactericidal activity against M. aeruginosa NIES-843 (Ae=93%, t=6d). The algicidal substances originated from strain AF-1 were stable in the temperature range of 35-100°C, and pH range of 3-11. Cell-free filtrate of AF-1 culture caused excessive accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), cell death and the efflux of intracellular components of M. aeruginosa NIES-843 cells. The expression of genes recA, psbA1, psbD1, rbcL and mcyB, involved in DNA repair, photosynthesis and microcystin synthesis of NIES 843, were significantly influenced by the cell-free filtrate of AF-1 culture. Bacillus sp. AF-1 has the potential to be developed as a bifunctional biocontrol agent to control CyanoHABs and F. graminearum caused plant disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanling Xuan
- Research Center of Bioenergy and Bioremediation, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xianzhu Dai
- Research Center of Bioenergy and Bioremediation, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Jing Li
- Research Center of Bioenergy and Bioremediation, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- Research Center of Bioenergy and Bioremediation, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Caiyun Yang
- Research Center of Bioenergy and Bioremediation, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Feng Luo
- Research Center of Bioenergy and Bioremediation, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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6
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Wang J, Liu Q, Feng J, Lv JP, Xie SL. Effect of high-doses pyrogallol on oxidative damage, transcriptional responses and microcystins synthesis in Microcystis aeruginosa TY001 (Cyanobacteria). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2016; 134P1:273-279. [PMID: 27643987 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Severe eutrophication and harmful cyanobacterial blooms of freshwater ecosystems is a persistent environmental topic in recent decades. Pyrogallol (polyphenol) was confirmed to exhibit one of the most intensive inhibitory effects on the Microcystis aeruginosa. In this study, the expression of genes, release of microcystins (MCs) and antioxidant system of pyrogallol on Microcystis aeruginosa TY001 were investigated. The results revealed that the expression of stress response genes (prx, ftsH, grpE and fabZ) and DNA repair genes (recA and gyrB) were up-regulated. Meanwhile, the antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) activity, were increased, and the stress caused lipid peroxidation to occur and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels to change. Unexpectedly, the relative transcript abundance of microcystin synthesis genes (mcyB, mcyD and ntcA) and the contents of microcystins (MCs) significantly increased compared with the control in the culture medium. In conclusion, oxidative damage and DNA damage are the primary mechanisms for the allelopathic effect of pyrogallol on M. aeruginosa TY001.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Qi Liu
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Jia Feng
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Jun-Ping Lv
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Shu-Lian Xie
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
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7
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Koberg S, Mohamed MDA, Faulhaber K, Neve H, Heller KJ. Identification and characterization of cis- and trans-acting elements involved in prophage induction in Streptococcus thermophilus J34. Mol Microbiol 2015; 98:535-52. [PMID: 26193959 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.13140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The genetic switch region of temperate Streptococcus thermophilus phage TP-J34 contains two divergently oriented promoters and several predicted operator sites. It separates lytic cycle-promoting genes from those promoting lysogeny. A polycistronic transcript comprises the genes coding for repressor Crh, metalloproteinase-motif protein Rir and superinfection exclusion lipoprotein Ltp. Weak promoters effecting monocistronic transcripts were localized for ltp and int (encoding integrase) by Northern blot and 5'-RACE-PCR. These transcripts appeared in lysogenic as well as lytic state. A polycistronic transcript comprising genes coh (encoding Cro homolog), ant (encoding putative antirepressor), orf7, orf8 and orf9 was only detected in the lytic state. Four operator sites, of which three were located in the intergenic regions between crh and coh, and one between coh and ant, were identified by competition electromobility shift assays. Cooperative binding of Crh to two operator sites immediately upstream of coh could be demonstrated. Coh was shown to bind to the operator closest to crh only. Oligomerization was proven by cross-linking Crh by glutaraldehyde. Knock-out of rir revealed a key role in prophage induction. Rir and Crh were shown to form a complex in solution and Rir prevented binding of Crh to its operator sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Koberg
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Max Rubner-Institut (Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food), Kiel, Germany
| | - Mazhar Desouki Ali Mohamed
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Max Rubner-Institut (Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food), Kiel, Germany
| | - Katharina Faulhaber
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Max Rubner-Institut (Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food), Kiel, Germany
| | - Horst Neve
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Max Rubner-Institut (Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food), Kiel, Germany
| | - Knut J Heller
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Max Rubner-Institut (Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food), Kiel, Germany
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8
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Xu Y, Itzek A, Kreth J. Comparison of genes required for H2O2 resistance in Streptococcus gordonii and Streptococcus sanguinis. MICROBIOLOGY-SGM 2014; 160:2627-2638. [PMID: 25280752 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.082156-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is produced by several members of the genus Streptococcus mainly through the pyruvate oxidase SpxB under aerobic growth conditions. The acute toxic nature of H2O2 raises the interesting question of how streptococci cope with intrinsically produced H2O2, which subsequently accumulates in the microenvironment and threatens the closely surrounding population. Here, we investigate the H2O2 susceptibility of oral Streptococcus gordonii and Streptococcus sanguinis and elucidate potential mechanisms of how they protect themselves from the deleterious effect of H2O2. Both organisms are considered primary colonizers and occupy the same intraoral niche making them potential targets for H2O2 produced by other species. We demonstrate that S. gordonii produces relatively more H2O2 and has a greater ability for resistance to H2O2 stress. Functional studies show that, unlike in Streptococcus pneumoniae, H2O2 resistance is not dependent on a functional SpxB and confirms the important role of the ferritin-like DNA-binding protein Dps. However, the observed increased H2O2 resistance of S. gordonii over S. sanguinis is likely to be caused by an oxidative stress protection machinery present even under anaerobic conditions, while S. sanguinis requires a longer period of time for adaptation. The ability to produce more H2O2 and be more resistant to H2O2 might aid S. gordonii in the competitive oral biofilm environment, since it is lower in abundance yet manages to survive quite efficiently in the oral biofilm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Xu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Andreas Itzek
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Jens Kreth
- College of Dentistry, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
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Shao J, Liu D, Gong D, Zeng Q, Yan Z, Gu JD. Inhibitory effects of sanguinarine against the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa NIES-843 and possible mechanisms of action. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2013; 142-143:257-263. [PMID: 24060579 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2013.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2013] [Revised: 08/28/2013] [Accepted: 08/30/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Sanguinarine showed strong inhibitory effect against Microcystis aeruginosa, a typical water bloom-forming and microcystins-producing cyanobacterium. The EC50 of sanguinarine against the growth of M. aeruginosa NIES-843 was 34.54±1.17 μg/L. Results of chlorophyll fluorescence transient analysis indicated that all the electron donating side, accepting side, and the reaction center of the Photosystem II (PS II) were the targets of sanguinarine against M. aeruginosa NIES-843. The elevation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in the cells of M. aeruginosa NIES-843 upon exposure indicated that sanguinarine induced oxidative stress in the active growing cells of M. aeruginosa NIES-843. Further results of gene expression analysis indicated that DNA damage and cell division inhibition were also involved in the inhibitory action mechanism of sanguinarine against M. aeruginosa NIES-843. The inhibitory characteristics of sanguinarine against M. aeruginosa suggest that the ecological- and public health-risks need to be evaluated before its application in cyanobacterial bloom control to avoid devastating events irreversibly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihai Shao
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Farmland Pollution Control and Agricultural Resources Use, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
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10
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RecA-independent DNA damage induction of Mycobacterium tuberculosis ruvC despite an appropriately located SOS box. J Bacteriol 2009; 192:599-603. [PMID: 19915023 DOI: 10.1128/jb.01066-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis ruvC was induced by DNA damage in a DeltarecA strain despite having an appropriately positioned SOS box to which LexA binds in vitro. An inducible transcript start mapped within the SOS box, and transcriptional fusions identified the promoter. Disruption of the SOS box did not prevent induction, indicating that an alternative mechanism plays a significant role in the control of ruvC expression.
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