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Xu Y, Le Sayec M, Roberts C, Hein S, Rodriguez-Mateos A, Gibson R. Dietary Assessment Methods to Estimate (Poly)phenol Intake in Epidemiological Studies: A Systematic Review. Adv Nutr 2021; 12:1781-1801. [PMID: 33684195 PMCID: PMC8483972 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmab017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutritional epidemiological studies have frequently reported associations between higher (poly)phenol intake and a decrease in the risk or incidence of noncommunicable diseases. However, the assessment methods that have been used to quantify the intakes of these compounds in large-population samples are highly variable. This systematic review aims to characterize the methods used to assess dietary (poly)phenol intake in observational studies, report the validation status of the methods, and give recommendations on method selection and data reporting. Three databases were searched for publications that have used dietary assessment methods to measure (poly)phenol intake and 549 eligible full texts were identified. Food-frequency questionnaires were found to be the most commonly used tool to assess dietary (poly)phenol intake (73%). Published data from peer-reviewed journals were the major source of (poly)phenol content data (25%). An increasing number of studies used open-access databases such as Phenol-Explorer and USDA databases on flavonoid content since their inception, which accounted for 11% and 23% of the data sources, respectively. Only 16% of the studies reported a method that had been validated for measuring the target (poly)phenols. For future research we recommend: 1) selecting a validated dietary assessment tool according to the target compounds and target period of measurement; 2) applying and combining comprehensive (poly)phenol content databases such as USDA and Phenol-Explorer; 3) detailing the methods used to assess (poly)phenol intake, including dietary assessment method, (poly)phenol content data source; 4) follow the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology-Nutritional Epidemiology (STROBE-nut) framework; and 5) complementing dietary intake assessment based on questionnaires with measurement of (poly)phenols in biofluids using appropriate and validated analytical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Xu
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Melanie Le Sayec
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Caroline Roberts
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sabine Hein
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom,School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
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Kim SK, Ko YH, Lee Y, Lee SY, Jang CG. Antineuroinflammatory Effects of 7,3',4'-Trihydroxyisoflavone in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated BV2 Microglial Cells through MAPK and NF-κB Signaling Suppression. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2021; 29:127-134. [PMID: 32812529 PMCID: PMC7921860 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2020.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation—a common pathological feature of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease—is mediated by microglial activation. Thus, inhibiting microglial activation is vital for treating various neurological disorders. 7,3’,4’-Trihydroxyisoflavone (THIF)—a secondary metabolite of the soybean compound daidzein—possesses antioxidant and anticancer properties. However, the effects of 7,3’,4’-THIF on microglial activation have not been explored. In this study, antineuroinflammatory effects of 7,3’,4’-THIF in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV2 microglial cells were examined. 7,3’,4’-THIF significantly suppressed the production of the proinflammatory mediators nitric oxide (NO), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) as well as of the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) in LPS-stimulated BV2 microglial cells. Moreover, 7,3’,4’-THIF markedly inhibited reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Western blotting revealed that 7,3’,4’-THIF diminished LPS-induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β), and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). Overall, 7,3’,4’-THIF exerts antineuroinflammatory effects against LPS-induced microglial activation by suppressing mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and NF-κB signaling, ultimately reducing proinflammatory responses. Therefore, these antineuroinflammatory effects of 7,3’,4’-THIF suggest its potential as a therapeutic agent for neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon-Kyung Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Hyun Ko
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Youyoung Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Yong Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Choon-Gon Jang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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Boucher BA, Wanigaratne S, Harris SA, Cotterchio M. Postdiagnosis Isoflavone and Lignan Intake in Newly Diagnosed Breast Cancer Patients: Cross-Sectional Survey Shows Considerable Intake from Previously Unassessed High-Lignan Foods. Curr Dev Nutr 2018; 2:nzx009. [PMID: 30377679 PMCID: PMC6201681 DOI: 10.3945/cdn.117.002063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Isoflavones and lignans (phytoestrogens) are dietary components with potential anticarcinogenic effects. Although the intake of isoflavones and lignans may affect breast cancer treatment and prognosis-and associations may differ by menopausal status-postdiagnosis intake data are limited. OBJECTIVE We aimed to describe postdiagnosis isoflavone and lignan intake in newly diagnosed breast cancer patients, examine differences by menopausal status and phytoestrogen type, and inform the assessment of diet and survival in future prognostic studies. METHODS Our cross-sectional study included 278 women aged 25-74 y, diagnosed with pathologically confirmed breast cancer in April-May 2010 and identified using the Ontario Cancer Registry. Intake in the previous 2 mo was assessed using questionnaires listing 17 soy and 3 high-lignan foods (flaxseed, flaxseed bread, sesame seeds), completed 71 d after breast cancer diagnosis, on average. Food consumption by menopausal status was examined. Geometric mean and median phytoestrogen intakes were estimated among all patients and in consumers only; differences by menopausal status and phytoestrogen type were assessed. RESULTS Among all patients, foods were similarly consumed by menopausal status and isoflavone intakes were low (median: 56 µg/d). Consumers (n = 219) had higher intakes (median isoflavones: 1808 µg/d); 7% of isoflavone and 21% of lignan consumers had intakes ≥10 mg/d. Intakes were higher in premenopausal than in postmenopausal consumers, particularly for lignans, but were not significantly different (median lignans: 4375 compared with 1863 µg/d; P = 0.07). Lignans were significantly higher than isoflavones among most consumers (postmenopausal means: 746 compared with 100 µg/d; P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Postdiagnosis lignan intakes from 3 high-content foods may be considerable among newly diagnosed breast cancer patients, yet they have been unassessed in previous prognostic studies. The inclusion of these foods in dietary assessment methods may improve future intake estimates and the distributions on which breast cancer survival analyses are based.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice A Boucher
- Prevention and Cancer Control, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Susitha Wanigaratne
- Centre for Urban Health Solutions, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Shelley A Harris
- Prevention and Cancer Control, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michelle Cotterchio
- Prevention and Cancer Control, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Fritz H, Seely D, Flower G, Skidmore B, Fernandes R, Vadeboncoeur S, Kennedy D, Cooley K, Wong R, Sagar S, Sabri E, Fergusson D. Soy, red clover, and isoflavones and breast cancer: a systematic review. PLoS One 2013; 8:e81968. [PMID: 24312387 PMCID: PMC3842968 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0081968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2013] [Accepted: 10/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Soy and red clover isoflavones are controversial due to purported estrogenic activity and possible effects on breast cancer. We conducted a systematic review of soy and red clover for efficacy in improving menopausal symptoms in women with breast cancer, and for potential impact on risk of breast cancer incidence or recurrence. METHODS We searched MEDLINE, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and AMED from inception to March 2013 for human interventional or observational data pertaining to the safety and efficacy of soy and red clover isoflavones in patients with or at risk of breast cancer. RESULTS Of 4179 records, we included a total of 131 articles: 40 RCTs, 11 uncontrolled trials, and 80 observational studies. Five RCTs reported on the efficacy of soy for hot flashes, showing no significant reductions in hot flashes compared to placebo. There is lack of evidence showing harm from use of soy with respect to risk of breast cancer or recurrence, based on long term observational data. Soy intake consistent with that of a traditional Japanese diet (2-3 servings daily, containing 25-50mg isoflavones) may be protective against breast cancer and recurrence. Human trials show that soy does not increase circulating estradiol or affect estrogen-responsive target tissues. Prospective data of soy use in women taking tamoxifen does not indicate increased risk of recurrence. Evidence on red clover is limited, however existing studies suggest that it may not possess breast cancer-promoting effects. CONCLUSION Soy consumption may be associated with reduced risk of breast cancer incidence, recurrence, and mortality. Soy does not have estrogenic effects in humans. Soy intake consistent with a traditional Japanese diet appears safe for breast cancer survivors. While there is no clear evidence of harm, better evidence confirming safety is required before use of high dose (≥ 100 mg) isoflavones can be recommended for breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Fritz
- Department of Research & Clinical Epidemiology, Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dugald Seely
- Department of Research & Clinical Epidemiology, Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Clinical Epidemiology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Ottawa Integrative Cancer Center, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gillian Flower
- Department of Research & Clinical Epidemiology, Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Becky Skidmore
- Clinical Epidemiology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rochelle Fernandes
- Department of Research & Clinical Epidemiology, Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology (LMP), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sarah Vadeboncoeur
- Department of Research & Clinical Epidemiology, Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Deborah Kennedy
- Department of Research & Clinical Epidemiology, Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kieran Cooley
- Department of Research & Clinical Epidemiology, Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Raimond Wong
- Juravinski Cancer Centre and Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stephen Sagar
- Juravinski Cancer Centre and Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Elham Sabri
- Clinical Epidemiology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dean Fergusson
- Clinical Epidemiology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Klein MA, Nahin RL, Messina MJ, Rader JI, Thompson LU, Badger TM, Dwyer JT, Kim YS, Pontzer CH, Starke-Reed PE, Weaver CM. Guidance from an NIH workshop on designing, implementing, and reporting clinical studies of soy interventions. J Nutr 2010; 140:1192S-1204S. [PMID: 20392880 PMCID: PMC2869505 DOI: 10.3945/jn.110.121830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The NIH sponsored a scientific workshop, "Soy Protein/Isoflavone Research: Challenges in Designing and Evaluating Intervention Studies," July 28-29, 2009. The workshop goal was to provide guidance for the next generation of soy protein/isoflavone human research. Session topics included population exposure to soy; the variability of the human response to soy; product composition; methods, tools, and resources available to estimate exposure and protocol adherence; and analytical methods to assess soy in foods and supplements and analytes in biologic fluids and other tissues. The intent of the workshop was to address the quality of soy studies, not the efficacy or safety of soy. Prior NIH workshops and an evidence-based review questioned the quality of data from human soy studies. If clinical studies are pursued, investigators need to ensure that the experimental designs are optimal and the studies properly executed. The workshop participants identified methodological issues that may confound study results and interpretation. Scientifically sound and useful options for dealing with these issues were discussed. The resulting guidance is presented in this document with a brief rationale. The guidance is specific to soy clinical research and does not address nonsoy-related factors that should also be considered in designing and reporting clinical studies. This guidance may be used by investigators, journal editors, study sponsors, and protocol reviewers for a variety of purposes, including designing and implementing trials, reporting results, and interpreting published epidemiological and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marguerite A. Klein
- Office of Dietary Supplements,; National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine,; National Cancer Institute, and Division of Nutrition Research Coordination, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; Department of Nutrition, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350; Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD 20740; Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3E2; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72202; Department of Foods and Nutrition, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907,To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
| | - Richard L. Nahin
- Office of Dietary Supplements,; National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine,; National Cancer Institute, and Division of Nutrition Research Coordination, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; Department of Nutrition, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350; Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD 20740; Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3E2; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72202; Department of Foods and Nutrition, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Mark J. Messina
- Office of Dietary Supplements,; National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine,; National Cancer Institute, and Division of Nutrition Research Coordination, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; Department of Nutrition, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350; Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD 20740; Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3E2; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72202; Department of Foods and Nutrition, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Jeanne I. Rader
- Office of Dietary Supplements,; National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine,; National Cancer Institute, and Division of Nutrition Research Coordination, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; Department of Nutrition, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350; Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD 20740; Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3E2; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72202; Department of Foods and Nutrition, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Lilian U. Thompson
- Office of Dietary Supplements,; National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine,; National Cancer Institute, and Division of Nutrition Research Coordination, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; Department of Nutrition, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350; Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD 20740; Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3E2; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72202; Department of Foods and Nutrition, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Thomas M. Badger
- Office of Dietary Supplements,; National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine,; National Cancer Institute, and Division of Nutrition Research Coordination, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; Department of Nutrition, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350; Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD 20740; Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3E2; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72202; Department of Foods and Nutrition, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Johanna T. Dwyer
- Office of Dietary Supplements,; National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine,; National Cancer Institute, and Division of Nutrition Research Coordination, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; Department of Nutrition, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350; Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD 20740; Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3E2; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72202; Department of Foods and Nutrition, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Young S. Kim
- Office of Dietary Supplements,; National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine,; National Cancer Institute, and Division of Nutrition Research Coordination, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; Department of Nutrition, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350; Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD 20740; Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3E2; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72202; Department of Foods and Nutrition, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Carol H. Pontzer
- Office of Dietary Supplements,; National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine,; National Cancer Institute, and Division of Nutrition Research Coordination, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; Department of Nutrition, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350; Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD 20740; Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3E2; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72202; Department of Foods and Nutrition, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Pamela E. Starke-Reed
- Office of Dietary Supplements,; National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine,; National Cancer Institute, and Division of Nutrition Research Coordination, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; Department of Nutrition, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350; Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD 20740; Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3E2; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72202; Department of Foods and Nutrition, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Connie M. Weaver
- Office of Dietary Supplements,; National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine,; National Cancer Institute, and Division of Nutrition Research Coordination, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; Department of Nutrition, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350; Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD 20740; Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3E2; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72202; Department of Foods and Nutrition, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
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