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Ghafouri S, Abdijahed S, Farivar S, Hosseini SI, Rezaei F, Ardeshirylajimi A, Shokri B. Study on Physio-chemical Properties of plasma polymerization in C 2H 2/N 2 plasma and Their Impact on COL X. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9149. [PMID: 28831135 PMCID: PMC5567319 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09747-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen-containing plasma polymerization is of considerable interest for tissue engineering due to their properties on cell adhesion and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) response. In this study, low-pressure RF plasma of acetylene and nitrogen was used to deposit nitrogen-containing plasma polymerized coatings on several substrates. Deposition kinetics and surface characteristics of coatings were investigated in terms of RF power and gas flow ratio. OES was used to monitor the plasma process and investigate the relation between the film structure and plasma species. Presence of several bonds and low concentration of amine functional groups were determined using FTIR and Colorimetric methods. Contact angle goniometry results indicated about 30% increase in surface hydrophilicity. Stability of coatings in air and two different liquid environments was examined by repeating surface free energy measurements. Deposited films exhibited acceptable stability during the storage duration. Surface roughness measured by AFM was found to decrease with growing concentration of nitrogen. The deposition rate increased with increasing RF power and decreased with growing concentration of nitrogen. Zeta potential measurements of coatings revealed the negative potential on the surface of the thin films. Temporary suppression of collagen X in the presence of plasma coatings was confirmed by RT-PCR results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Ghafouri
- Laser-Plasma Research Institute, University of Shahid Beheshti,G.C, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Abdijahed
- Cellular and Molecular Biology, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shirin Farivar
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Fatemeh Rezaei
- Research Unit Plasma Technology (RUPT), Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Engineering & Architecture, Ghent University, St-Pietersnieuwstraat 41 B4, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Abdolreza Ardeshirylajimi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Babak Shokri
- Laser-Plasma Research Institute, University of Shahid Beheshti,G.C, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Physics, University of Shahid Beheshti, G.C., Tehran, Iran.
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Juhász T, Szentléleky E, Somogyi CS, Takács R, Dobrosi N, Engler M, Tamás A, Reglődi D, Zákány R. Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase Activating Polypeptide (PACAP) Pathway Is Induced by Mechanical Load and Reduces the Activity of Hedgehog Signaling in Chondrogenic Micromass Cell Cultures. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:17344-67. [PMID: 26230691 PMCID: PMC4581197 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160817344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Revised: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a neurohormone exerting protective function during various stress conditions either in mature or developing tissues. Previously we proved the presence of PACAP signaling elements in chicken limb bud-derived chondrogenic cells in micromass cell cultures. Since no data can be found if PACAP signaling is playing any role during mechanical stress in any tissues, we aimed to investigate its contribution in mechanotransduction during chondrogenesis. Expressions of the mRNAs of PACAP and its major receptor, PAC1 increased, while that of other receptors, VPAC1, VPAC2 decreased upon mechanical stimulus. Mechanical load enhanced the expression of collagen type X, a marker of hypertrophic differentiation of chondrocytes and PACAP addition attenuated this elevation. Moreover, exogenous PACAP also prevented the mechanical load evoked activation of hedgehog signaling: protein levels of Sonic and Indian Hedgehogs and Gli1 transcription factor were lowered while expressions of Gli2 and Gli3 were elevated by PACAP application during mechanical load. Our results suggest that mechanical load activates PACAP signaling and exogenous PACAP acts against the hypertrophy inducing effect of mechanical load.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cells, Cultured
- Chick Embryo
- Chondrocytes/metabolism
- Embryonic Stem Cells/metabolism
- Hedgehog Proteins/metabolism
- Oncogene Proteins/metabolism
- Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptors, Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide, Type I/genetics
- Receptors, Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide, Type I/metabolism
- Receptors, Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide, Type II/genetics
- Receptors, Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide, Type II/metabolism
- Receptors, Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide, Type I/genetics
- Receptors, Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide, Type I/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Stress, Mechanical
- Trans-Activators/metabolism
- Zinc Finger Protein GLI1
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Juhász
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Centre, Nagyerdei krt. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Eszter Szentléleky
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Centre, Nagyerdei krt. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Csilla Szűcs Somogyi
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Centre, Nagyerdei krt. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Roland Takács
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Centre, Nagyerdei krt. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Nóra Dobrosi
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Centre, Nagyerdei krt. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Máté Engler
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Centre, Nagyerdei krt. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Andrea Tamás
- Department of Anatomy, MTA-PTE "Lendület" PACAP Research Team, University of Pécs, Medical School, Szigeti út 12, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary.
| | - Dóra Reglődi
- Department of Anatomy, MTA-PTE "Lendület" PACAP Research Team, University of Pécs, Medical School, Szigeti út 12, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary.
| | - Róza Zákány
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Centre, Nagyerdei krt. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
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Abstract
Due to a blood supply shortage, articular cartilage has a limited capacity for self-healing once damaged. Articular chondrocytes, cartilage progenitor cells, embryonic stem cells, and mesenchymal stem cells are candidate cells for cartilage regeneration. Significant current attention is paid to improving chondrogenic differentiation capacity; unfortunately, the potential chondrogenic hypertrophy of differentiated cells is largely overlooked. Consequently, the engineered tissue is actually a transient cartilage rather than a permanent one. The development of hypertrophic cartilage ends with the onset of endochondral bone formation which has inferior mechanical properties. In this review, current strategies for inhibition of chondrogenic hypertrophy are comprehensively summarized; the impact of cell source options is discussed; and potential mechanisms underlying these strategies are also categorized. This paper aims to provide guidelines for the prevention of hypertrophy in the regeneration of cartilage tissue. This knowledge may also facilitate the retardation of osteophytes in the treatment of osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Chen
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
- Department of Joint Surgery, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Peiliang Fu
- Department of Joint Surgery, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Ruijun Cong
- Department of Orthopaedics, The 10th People's Hospital of Shanghai, Affiliated with Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - HaiShan Wu
- Department of Joint Surgery, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Ming Pei
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
- Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
- Corresponding author. Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, PO Box 9196, One Medical Center Drive, Morgantown, WV 26506-9196, USA. Tel.: +1 304 293 1072; fax: +1 304 293 7070.
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Wang Y, Yuan M, Guo QY, Lu SB, Peng J. Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Treating Articular Cartilage Defects and Osteoarthritis. Cell Transplant 2014; 24:1661-78. [PMID: 25197793 DOI: 10.3727/096368914x683485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Articular cartilage damage and osteoarthritis are the most common joint diseases. Joints are prone to damage caused by sports injuries or aging, and such damage regularly progresses to more serious joint disorders, including osteoarthritis, which is a degenerative disease characterized by the thinning and eventual wearing out of articular cartilage, ultimately leading to joint destruction. Osteoarthritis affects millions of people worldwide. Current approaches to repair of articular cartilage damage include mosaicplasty, microfracture, and injection of autologous chondrocytes. These treatments relieve pain and improve joint function, but the long-term results are unsatisfactory. The long-term success of cartilage repair depends on development of regenerative methodologies that restore articular cartilage to a near-native state. Two promising approaches are (i) implantation of engineered constructs of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-seeded scaffolds, and (ii) delivery of an appropriate population of MSCs by direct intra-articular injection. MSCs may be used as trophic producers of bioactive factors initiating regenerative activities in a defective joint. Current challenges in MSC therapy are the need to overcome current limitations in cartilage cell purity and to in vitro engineer tissue structures exhibiting the required biomechanical properties. This review outlines the current status of MSCs used in cartilage tissue engineering and in cell therapy seeking to repair articular cartilage defects and related problems. MSC-based technologies show promise when used to repair cartilage defects in joints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Tissue engineering of functional articular cartilage: the current status. Cell Tissue Res 2011; 347:613-27. [PMID: 22030892 PMCID: PMC3306561 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-011-1243-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2011] [Accepted: 09/09/2011] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease characterized by pain and disability. It involves all ages and 70% of people aged >65 have some degree of osteoarthritis. Natural cartilage repair is limited because chondrocyte density and metabolism are low and cartilage has no blood supply. The results of joint-preserving treatment protocols such as debridement, mosaicplasty, perichondrium transplantation and autologous chondrocyte implantation vary largely and the average long-term result is unsatisfactory. One reason for limited clinical success is that most treatments require new cartilage to be formed at the site of a defect. However, the mechanical conditions at such sites are unfavorable for repair of the original damaged cartilage. Therefore, it is unlikely that healthy cartilage would form at these locations. The most promising method to circumvent this problem is to engineer mechanically stable cartilage ex vivo and to implant that into the damaged tissue area. This review outlines the issues related to the composition and functionality of tissue-engineered cartilage. In particular, the focus will be on the parameters cell source, signaling molecules, scaffolds and mechanical stimulation. In addition, the current status of tissue engineering of cartilage will be discussed, with the focus on extracellular matrix content, structure and its functionality.
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