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Akoa DM, Hélary C, Foda A, Chaussain C, Poliard A, Coradin T. Silicon impacts collagen remodelling and mineralization by human dental pulp stem cells in 3D pulp-like matrices. Dent Mater 2024:S0109-5641(24)00179-9. [PMID: 38908960 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2024.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Silicon-releasing biomaterials are widely used in the field of dentistry. However, unlike bone, very little is known about the role of silicon on dental tissue formation and repair. This study investigates the influence of silicic acid on the survival, differentiation and mineralizing ability of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) in 3D pulp-like environments METHODS: Dense type I collagen hydrogels seeded with hDPSCs were cultured over 4 weeks in the presence of silicic acid at physiological (10 μM) and supraphysiological (100 μM) concentrations. Cell viability and proliferation were studied by Alamar Blue and live/dead staining. The collagen network was investigated using second harmonic generation imaging. Mineral deposition was monitored by histology and scanning electron microscopy. Gene expression of mineralization- and matrix remodeling-associated proteins was studied by qPCR. RESULTS Presence of silicic acid did not show any significant influence on cell survival, metabolic activity and gene expression of key mineralization-related proteins (ALP, OCN, BSP). However, it induced enhanced cell clustering and delayed expression of matrix remodeling-associated proteins (MMP13, Col I). OPN expression and mineral deposition were inhibited at 100 μM. It could be inferred that silicic acid has no direct cellular effect but rather interacts with the collagen network, leading to a modification of the cell-matrix interface. SIGNIFICANCE Our results offer advanced insights on the possible role of silicic acid, as released by pulp capping calcium silicates biomaterials, in reparative dentine formation. More globally, these results interrogate the possible role of Si in pulp pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daline Mbitta Akoa
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Hélary
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Asmaa Foda
- Université de Paris Cité, UR2496 Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales, FHU-DDS-net, Dental School, Montrouge, France
| | - Catherine Chaussain
- Université de Paris Cité, UR2496 Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales, FHU-DDS-net, Dental School, Montrouge, France; AP-HP Service de médecine bucco-dentaire, Hôpital Bretonneau, Paris, France
| | - Anne Poliard
- Université de Paris Cité, UR2496 Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales, FHU-DDS-net, Dental School, Montrouge, France
| | - Thibaud Coradin
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, Paris, France.
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Madalosso HB, Guindani C, Maniglia BC, Hermes de Araújo PH, Sayer C. Collagen-decorated electrospun scaffolds of unsaturated copolyesters for bone tissue regeneration. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:3047-3062. [PMID: 38421173 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb02665e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Many efforts have been devoted to bone tissue to regenerate damaged tissues, and the development of new biocompatible materials that match the biological, mechanical, and chemical features required for this application is crucial. Herein, a collagen-decorated scaffold was prepared via electrospinning using a synthesized unsaturated copolyester (poly(globalide-co-pentadecalactone)), followed by two coupling reactions: thiol-ene functionalization with cysteine and further conjugation via EDC/NHS chemistry with collagen, aiming to design a bone tissue regeneration device with improved hydrophilicity and cell viability. Comonomer ratios were varied, affecting the copolymer's thermal and chemical properties and highlighting the tunable features of this copolyester. Functionalization with cysteine created new carboxyl and amine groups needed for bioconjugation with collagen, which is responsible for providing biological and structural integrity to the extra-cellular matrix. Bioconjugation with collagen turned the scaffold highly hydrophilic, decreasing its contact angle from 107 ± 2° to 0°, decreasing the copolymer crystallinity by 71%, and improving cell viability by 85% compared with the raw scaffold, thus promoting cell growth and proliferation. The highly efficient and biosafe strategy to conjugate polymers and proteins created a promising device for bone repair in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heloísa Bremm Madalosso
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Trindade, 88040-900, Florianópolis, Brazil.
| | - Camila Guindani
- Chemical Engineering Program/COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, CP: 68502, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-972 RJ, Brazil
| | - Bianca Chieregato Maniglia
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo - USP, Campus São Carlos, 13566-590, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Pedro Henrique Hermes de Araújo
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Trindade, 88040-900, Florianópolis, Brazil.
| | - Claudia Sayer
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Trindade, 88040-900, Florianópolis, Brazil.
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Mbitta Akoa D, Sicard L, Hélary C, Torrens C, Baroukh B, Poliard A, Coradin T. Role of Physico-Chemical and Cellular Conditions on the Bone Repair Potential of Plastically Compressed Collagen Hydrogels. Gels 2024; 10:130. [PMID: 38391460 PMCID: PMC10887598 DOI: 10.3390/gels10020130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Since their first description nearly 20 years ago, dense collagen hydrogels obtained by plastic compression have become popular scaffolds in tissue engineering. In particular, when seeded with dental pulp stem cells, they have demonstrated a great in vivo potential in cranial bone repair. Here, we investigated how physico-chemical and cell-seeding conditions could influence the formation and in vitro mineralization of these cellularized scaffolds. A qualitative assessment demonstrated that the gel stability before and after compression was highly sensitive to the conditions of fibrillogenesis, especially initial acid acetic and buffer concentrations. Gels with similar rheological properties but different fibrillar structures that exhibited different stabilities when used for the 3D culture of Stem cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous teeth (SHEDs) could be prepared. Finally, in our optimal physico-chemical conditions, mineralization could be achieved only using human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) at a high cell density. These results highlight the key role of fibrillogenic conditions and cell type/density on the bone repair potential of cell-laden plastically compressed collagen hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daline Mbitta Akoa
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Ludovic Sicard
- Université de Paris, UR2496 Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales, FHU-DDS-Net, Dental School, 92120 Montrouge, France
- AP-HP Service de Médecine Bucco-Dentaire, Hôpital Bretonneau, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Christophe Hélary
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Coralie Torrens
- Université de Paris, UR2496 Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales, FHU-DDS-Net, Dental School, 92120 Montrouge, France
| | - Brigitte Baroukh
- Université de Paris, UR2496 Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales, FHU-DDS-Net, Dental School, 92120 Montrouge, France
| | - Anne Poliard
- Université de Paris, UR2496 Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales, FHU-DDS-Net, Dental School, 92120 Montrouge, France
| | - Thibaud Coradin
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, 75005 Paris, France
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Coutts CW, Baldwin AM, Jebeli M, Jolin GE, Mungai RW, Billiar KL. The Role of Apoptosis and Oxidative Stress in a Cell Spheroid Model of Calcific Aortic Valve Disease. Cells 2023; 13:45. [PMID: 38201249 PMCID: PMC10778193 DOI: 10.3390/cells13010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is the most common heart valve disease among aging populations. There are two reported pathways of CAVD: osteogenic and dystrophic, the latter being more prevalent. Current two-dimensional (2D) in vitro CAVD models have shed light on the disease but lack three-dimensional (3D) cell-ECM interactions, and current 3D models require osteogenic media to induce calcification. The goal of this work is to develop a 3D dystrophic calcification model. We hypothesize that, as with 2D cell-based CAVD models, programmed cell death (apoptosis) is integral to calcification. We model the cell aggregation observed in CAVD by creating porcine valvular interstitial cell spheroids in agarose microwells. Upon culture in complete growth media (DMEM with serum), calcium nodules form in the spheroids within a few days. Inhibiting apoptosis with Z-VAD significantly reduced calcification, indicating that the calcification observed in this model is dystrophic rather than osteogenic. To determine the relative roles of oxidative stress and extracellular matrix (ECM) production in the induction of apoptosis and subsequent calcification, the media was supplemented with antioxidants with differing effects on ECM formation (ascorbic acid (AA), Trolox, or Methionine). All three antioxidants significantly reduced calcification as measured by Von Kossa staining, with the percentages of calcification per area of AA, Trolox, Methionine, and the non-antioxidant-treated control on day 7 equaling 0.17%, 2.5%, 6.0%, and 7.7%, respectively. As ZVAD and AA almost entirely inhibit calcification, apoptosis does not appear to be caused by a lack of diffusion of oxygen and metabolites within the small spheroids. Further, the observation that AA treatment reduces calcification significantly more than the other antioxidants indicates that the ECM stimulatory effect of AA plays a role inhibiting apoptosis and calcification in the spheroids. We conclude that, in this 3D in vitro model, both oxidative stress and ECM production play crucial roles in dystrophic calcification and may be viable therapeutic targets for preventing CAVD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Kristen L. Billiar
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA 01609, USA (G.E.J.)
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Liu X, Gao J, Cui X, Nie S, Wu X, Zhang L, Tang P, Liu J, Li M. Functionalized 3D-Printed PLA Biomimetic Scaffold for Repairing Critical-Size Bone Defects. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1019. [PMID: 37760121 PMCID: PMC10526104 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10091019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The treatment of critical-size bone defects remains a complicated clinical challenge. Recently, bone tissue engineering has emerged as a potential therapeutic approach for defect repair. This study examined the biocompatibility and repair efficacy of hydroxyapatite-mineralized bionic polylactic acid (PLA) scaffolds, which were prepared through a combination of 3D printing technology, plasma modification, collagen coating, and hydroxyapatite mineralization coating techniques. Physicochemical analysis, mechanical testing, and in vitro and animal experiments were conducted to elucidate the impact of structural design and microenvironment on osteogenesis. Results indicated that the PLA scaffold exhibited a porosity of 84.1% and a pore size of 350 μm, and its macrostructure was maintained following functionalization modification. The functionalized scaffold demonstrated favorable hydrophilicity and biocompatibility and promoted cell adhesion, proliferation, and the expression of osteogenic genes such as ALP, OPN, Col-1, OCN, and RUNX2. Moreover, the scaffold was able to effectively repair critical-size bone defects in the rabbit radius, suggesting a novel strategy for the treatment of critical-size bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liu
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China; (X.L.); (J.G.)
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China; (X.C.); (S.N.); (X.W.); (L.Z.); (P.T.)
- National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine & Rehabilitation, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Jianpeng Gao
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China; (X.L.); (J.G.)
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China; (X.C.); (S.N.); (X.W.); (L.Z.); (P.T.)
- National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine & Rehabilitation, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xiang Cui
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China; (X.C.); (S.N.); (X.W.); (L.Z.); (P.T.)
- National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine & Rehabilitation, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Shaobo Nie
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China; (X.C.); (S.N.); (X.W.); (L.Z.); (P.T.)
- National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine & Rehabilitation, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xiaoyong Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China; (X.C.); (S.N.); (X.W.); (L.Z.); (P.T.)
- National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine & Rehabilitation, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Licheng Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China; (X.C.); (S.N.); (X.W.); (L.Z.); (P.T.)
- National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine & Rehabilitation, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Peifu Tang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China; (X.C.); (S.N.); (X.W.); (L.Z.); (P.T.)
- National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine & Rehabilitation, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Jianheng Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China; (X.C.); (S.N.); (X.W.); (L.Z.); (P.T.)
- National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine & Rehabilitation, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China; (X.C.); (S.N.); (X.W.); (L.Z.); (P.T.)
- National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine & Rehabilitation, Beijing 100853, China
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Ranjbar FE, Farzad-Mohajeri S, Samani S, Saremi J, Khademi R, Dehghan MM, Azami M. Kaempferol-loaded bioactive glass-based scaffold for bone tissue engineering: in vitro and in vivo evaluation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12375. [PMID: 37524784 PMCID: PMC10390521 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39505-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the increasing prevalence of bone disorders among people especially in average age, the future of treatments for osseous abnormalities has been illuminated by scaffold-based bone tissue engineering. In this study, in vitro and in vivo properties of 58S bioactive glass-based scaffolds for bone tissue engineering (bare (B.SC), Zein-coated (C.SC), and Zein-coated containing Kaempferol (KC.SC)) were evaluated. This is a follow-up study on our previously published paper, where we synthesized 58S bioactive glass-based scaffolds coated with Kaempferol-loaded Zein biopolymer, and characterized from mostly engineering points of view to find the optimum composition. For this aim, in vitro assessments were done to evaluate the osteogenic capacity and biological features of the scaffolds. In the in vivo section, all types of scaffolds with/without bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMSC) were implanted into rat calvaria bone defects, and potential of bone healing was assessed using imaging, staining, and histomorphometric analyses. It was shown that, Zein-coating covered surface cracks leading to better mechanical properties without negative effect on bioactivity and cell attachment. Also, BMSC differentiation proved that the presence of Kaempferol caused higher calcium deposition, increased alkaline phosphatase activity, bone-specific gene upregulation in vitro. Further, in vivo study confirmed positive effect of BMSC-loaded KC.SC on significant new bone formation resulting in complete bone regeneration. Combining physical properties of coated scaffolds with the osteogenic effect of Kaempferol and BMSCs could represent a new strategy for bone regeneration and provide a more effective approach to repairing critical-sized bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Esmaeili Ranjbar
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Saeed Farzad-Mohajeri
- Department of Surgery and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Dr. Qarib Street, Azadi Street, Tehran, 1419963111, Iran
| | - Saeed Samani
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, No. 88, Italia St., Keshavarz Blv, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jamileh Saremi
- Research Center for Noncommunicable Diseases, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Rahele Khademi
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, No. 88, Italia St., Keshavarz Blv, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Dehghan
- Department of Surgery and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Dr. Qarib Street, Azadi Street, Tehran, 1419963111, Iran.
| | - Mahmoud Azami
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, No. 88, Italia St., Keshavarz Blv, Tehran, Iran.
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Raik S, Thakur R, Rattan V, Kumar N, Pal A, Bhattacharyya S. Temporal Modulation of DNA Methylation and Gene Expression in Monolayer and 3D Spheroids of Dental Pulp Stem Cells during Osteogenic Differentiation: A Comparative Study. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2022; 19:1267-1282. [PMID: 36221017 PMCID: PMC9679125 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-022-00485-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human mesenchymal stem cells are being used for various regenerative applications in past decades. This study chronicled a temporal profile of the transcriptional pattern and promoter methylation status of the osteogenic related gene in dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) derived from 3-dimensional spheroid culture (3D) vis a vis 2-dimensional (2D) monolayer culture upon osteogenic induction. METHODS Biomimetic properties of osteogenesis were determined by alkaline phosphatase assay and alizarin red staining. Gene expression and promoter methylation status of osteogenic genes such as runt-related transcription factor-2, collagen1α1, osteocalcin (OCN), and DLX5 (distal-homeobox) were performed by qPCR assay and bisulfite sequencing, respectively. Furthermore, µ-Computed tomography (micro-CT) was performed to examine the new bone formation in critical-sized rat calvarial bone defect model. RESULTS Our results indicated a greater inclination of spheroid culture-derived DPSCs toward osteogenic lineage than the monolayer culture. The bisulfite sequencing of the promoter region of osteogenic genes revealed sustenance of low methylation levels in DPSCs during the progression of osteogenic differentiation. However, the significant difference in the methylation pattern between 2D and 3D derived DPSCs were identified only for OCN gene promoter. We observed differences in the mRNA expression pattern of epigenetic writers such as DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) and methyl-cytosine dioxygenases (TET) between the two culture conditions. Further, the DPSC spheroids showed enhanced new bone formation ability in an animal model of bone defect compared to the cells cultivated in a 2D platform which further substantiated our in-vitro observations. CONCLUSION The distinct cellular microenvironment induced changes in DNA methylation pattern and expression of epigenetic regulators such as DNMTs and TETs genes may lead to increase expression of osteogenic markers in 3D spheroid culture of DPSCs which make DPSCs spheroids suitable for osteogenic regeneration compared to monolayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Raik
- Department of Biophysics, Post Graduate Institution of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Reetu Thakur
- Department of Biochemistry, Post Graduate Institution of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Vidya Rattan
- Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Oral Health Sciences, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - Navin Kumar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab, India
| | - Arnab Pal
- Department of Biochemistry, Post Graduate Institution of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India.
| | - Shalmoli Bhattacharyya
- Department of Biophysics, Post Graduate Institution of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India.
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Physiological Mineralization during In Vitro Osteogenesis in a Biomimetic Spheroid Culture Model. Cells 2022; 11:cells11172702. [PMID: 36078105 PMCID: PMC9454617 DOI: 10.3390/cells11172702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone health-targeting drug development strategies still largely rely on inferior 2D in vitro screenings. We aimed at developing a scaffold-free progenitor cell-based 3D biomineralization model for more physiological high-throughput screenings. MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts were cultured in α-MEM with 10% FCS, at 37 °C and 5% CO2 for up to 28 days, in non-adherent V-shaped plates to form uniformly sized 3D spheroids. Osteogenic differentiation was induced by 10 mM β-glycerophosphate and 50 µg/mL ascorbic acid. Mineralization stages were assessed through studying expression of marker genes, alkaline phosphatase activity, and calcium deposition by histochemistry. Mineralization quality was evaluated by Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) analyses and quantified by micro-CT analyses. Expression profiles of selected early- and late-stage osteoblast differentiation markers indicated a well-developed 3D biomineralization process with strongly upregulated Col1a1, Bglap and Alpl mRNA levels and type I collagen- and osteocalcin-positive immunohistochemistry (IHC). A dynamic biomineralization process with increasing mineral densities was observed during the second half of the culture period. SEM–Energy-Dispersive X-ray analyses (EDX) and FTIR ultimately confirmed a native bone-like hydroxyapatite mineral deposition ex vivo. We thus established a robust and versatile biomimetic, and high-throughput compatible, cost-efficient spheroid culture model with a native bone-like mineralization for improved pharmacological ex vivo screenings.
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Shen HX, Liu JZ, Yan XQ, Yang HN, Hu SQ, Yan XL, Xu T, El Haj AJ, Yang Y, Lü LX. Hydrostatic pressure stimulates the osteogenesis and angiogenesis of MSCs/HUVECs co-culture on porous PLGA scaffolds. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 213:112419. [PMID: 35227994 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
In native bone tissue regeneration, blood vessels, providing oxygen and nutrition for tissues, can promote the regeneration of bone and accelerate the repair of a defected area. In this study, Poly(D, L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) inverse opal scaffolds with high pore interconnectivity were fabricated and further modified with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The rat bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (rMSCs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were co-cultured onto the scaffolds to enhance vascularization for bone tissue regeneration. Cell attachment, viability, proliferation, and morphology were detected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, live and dead staining and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Hydrostatic pressure with 0-279 KPa and 1 Hz one hour per day for 7 days was applied to tissue engineered bone constructs to investigate whether the loading stimulation can promote osteogenesis and angiogenesis mutually evaluated in parallel by multiple in vitro assays and in an in vivo chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model. The results indicated that the immobilization of VEGF can improve biocompatibility of PLGA scaffolds and promote cell attachment and proliferation. The cell-scaffold constructs showed higher CD31 expression because of the angiogenic differentiation of rMSCs in hydrostatic loading culture condition in vitro. The in vivo CAM model experiment demonstrated that hydrostatic loading stimulated angiogenic differentiation of rMSCs can accelerate tubulogenesis. Furthermore, the new capillaries formed in cell-scaffold constructs were conducive to calcium deposition in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Xian Shen
- The Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, School of the Secondary Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China
| | - Jing-Zhi Liu
- The Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, School of the Secondary Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China
| | - Xiao-Qing Yan
- The Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, School of the Secondary Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China
| | - Hong-Ning Yang
- The Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, School of the Secondary Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China
| | - Shu-Qun Hu
- The Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, School of the Secondary Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China
| | - Xian-Liang Yan
- The Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, School of the Secondary Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China; Emergency Medicine Department of the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China
| | - Tie Xu
- The Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, School of the Secondary Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China; Emergency Medicine Department of the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China
| | - Alicia J El Haj
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK
| | - Ying Yang
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent ST4 7QB, UK.
| | - Lan-Xin Lü
- The Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, School of the Secondary Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China; Emergency Medicine Department of the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China.
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El-Habashy S, Eltaher H, Gaballah A, Mehanna R, El-Kamel AH. Biomaterial-Based Nanocomposite for Osteogenic Repurposing of Doxycycline. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:1103-1126. [PMID: 33603371 PMCID: PMC7887185 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s298297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Besides its antimicrobial action, doxycycline (DX) has lately been repurposed as a small-molecule drug for osteogenic purposes. However, osteogenic DX application is impeded by its dose-dependent cytotoxicity. Further, high-dose DX impairs cell differentiation and mineralization. Purpose Integrating DX into a biomaterial-based delivery system that can control its release would not only ameliorate its cytotoxic actions but also augment its osteogenic activity. In this work, we managed to engineer novel composite DX–hydroxyapatite–polycaprolactone nanoparticles (DX/HAp/PCL) to modify DX osteogenic potential. Methods Employing a 23-factorial design, we first optimized HApN for surface-area attributes to maximize DX loading. Composite DX/HAp/PCL were then realized using a simple emulsification technique, characterized using various in vitro methods, and evaluated for in vitro osteogenesis. Results The developed HApN exhibited a favorable crystalline structure, Ca:P elemental ratio (1.67), mesoporous nature, and large surface area. DX/HAp/PCL achieved the highest reported entrapment efficiency (94.77%±1.23%) of DX in PCL-based particles. The developed composite system achieved controlled release of the water-soluble DX over 24 days. Moreover, the novel composite nanosystem managed to significantly ameliorate DX cytotoxicity on bone-marrow stem cells, as well as enhance its overall proliferation potential. Alkaline phosphatase and mineralization assays revealed superior osteodifferentiation potential of the composite system. Quantification of gene expression demonstrated that while DX solution was able to drive bone-marrow stem cells down the osteogenic lineage into immature osteoblasts after 10-day culture, the innovative composite system allowed maturation of osteodifferentiated cells. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work to elaborate the impact of DX on the expression of osteogenic genes: RUNX2, OSP, and BSP. Further, the osteogenicity of a DX-loaded particulate-delivery system has not been previously investigated. Conclusion Our findings indicate that repurposing low-dose DX in complementary biomaterial-based nanosystems can offer a prominent osteogenic candidate for bone-regeneration purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma El-Habashy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt
| | - Hoda Eltaher
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Gaballah
- Microbiology Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21561, Egypt
| | - Radwa Mehanna
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21131, Egypt.,Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications CERRMA, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21131, Egypt
| | - Amal H El-Kamel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt
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11
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El-Habashy SE, Eltaher HM, Gaballah A, Zaki EI, Mehanna RA, El-Kamel AH. Hybrid bioactive hydroxyapatite/polycaprolactone nanoparticles for enhanced osteogenesis. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 119:111599. [PMID: 33321643 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HApN) are largely employed as osteogenic inorganic material. Inorganic/polymeric hybrid nanostructures can provide versatile bioactivity for superior osteogenicity, particularly as nanoparticles. Herein, we present hybrid biomaterial-based hydroxyapatite/polycaprolactone nanoparticles (HAp/PCL NPs) realized using simple preparation techniques to augment HApN osteogenicity. Using wet chemical precipitation, we optimized HApN crystalline properties utilizing a 23-factorial design. Optimized HApN exhibited typical Ca/P elemental ratio with high reaction yield. Surface area analysis revealed their mesoporous nature and high surface area. Hybrid HAp/PCL NPs prepared using direct emulsification-solvent evaporation maintained HApN crystallinity with no observed chemical interactions. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to elaborate the biocompatibility and osteogenicity of nanoparticulate hybrid HAp/PCL. Hybrid HAp/PCL NPs outperformed HApN regarding mesenchymal cell proliferation and osteodifferentiation with reduction of possible cytotoxicity. Unlike HApN, hybrid HAp/PCL NPs presented moderate expression of early osteogenic markers, Runx-2 and osteopontin and significantly elevated expression of the late osteogenic marker, bone sialoprotein after 10-day culture. Our results indicate that hybrid bioactive HAp/PCL NPs could offer a more prominent osteogenic potential than plain HApN for bone regenerative applications as a standalone nanoplatform or as part of complex engineered systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma E El-Habashy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hoda M Eltaher
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Gaballah
- Microbiology Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Eiman I Zaki
- Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Radwa A Mehanna
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications CERRMA, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Amal H El-Kamel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
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12
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Deegan AJ, Hendrikson WJ, El Haj AJ, Rouwkema J, Yang Y. Regulation of endothelial cell arrangements within hMSC - HUVEC co-cultured aggregates. Biomed J 2019; 42:166-177. [PMID: 31466710 PMCID: PMC6717755 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Micro-mass culturing or cellular aggregation is an effective method used to form mineralised bone tissue. Poor core cell viability, however, is often an impeding characteristic of large micro-mass cultures, and equally for large tissue-engineered bone grafts. Because of this, efforts are being made to enhance large graft perfusion, often through pre-vascularisation, which involves the co-culture of endothelial cells and bone cells or stem cells. Methods This study investigated the effects of different aggregation techniques and culture conditions on endothelial cell arrangements in mesenchymal stem cell and human umbilical vein endothelial cell co-cultured aggregates when endothelial cells constituted just 5%. Two different cellular aggregation techniques, i.e. suspension culture aggregation and pellet culture aggregation, were applied alongside two subsequent culturing techniques, i.e. hydrostatic loading and static culturing. Endothelial cell arrangements were assessed under such conditions to indicate potential pre-vascularisation. Results Our study found that the suspension culture aggregates cultured under hydrostatic loading offered the best environment for enhanced endothelial cell regional arrangements, closely followed by the pellet culture aggregates cultured under hydrostatic loading, the suspension culture aggregates cultured under static conditions, and the pellet culture aggregates cultured under static conditions. Conclusions The combination of particular aggregation techniques with dynamic culturing conditions appeared to have a synergistic effect on the cellular arrangements within the co-cultured aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J Deegan
- Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine, School of Medicine, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom
| | - Wim J Hendrikson
- Department of Tissue Regeneration, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, AE, the Netherlands
| | - Alicia J El Haj
- Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine, School of Medicine, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom
| | - Jeroen Rouwkema
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Technical Medical Centre, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Ying Yang
- Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine, School of Medicine, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom.
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Szewczyk PK, Metwally S, Karbowniczek JE, Marzec MM, Stodolak-Zych E, Gruszczyński A, Bernasik A, Stachewicz U. Surface-Potential-Controlled Cell Proliferation and Collagen Mineralization on Electrospun Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) Fiber Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2018; 5:582-593. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b01108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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14
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Nurlidar F, Yamane K, Kobayashi M, Terada K, Ando T, Tanihara M. Calcium deposition in photocrosslinked poly(
Pro‐Hyp‐Gly
) hydrogels encapsulated rat bone marrow stromal cells. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 12:e1360-e1369. [DOI: 10.1002/term.2520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Farah Nurlidar
- Graduate School of Materials ScienceNara Institute of Science and Technology Ikoma Nara Japan
| | - Keisuke Yamane
- Graduate School of Materials ScienceNara Institute of Science and Technology Ikoma Nara Japan
| | - Mime Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Materials ScienceNara Institute of Science and Technology Ikoma Nara Japan
| | - Kayo Terada
- Graduate School of Materials ScienceNara Institute of Science and Technology Ikoma Nara Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Ando
- Graduate School of Materials ScienceNara Institute of Science and Technology Ikoma Nara Japan
| | - Masao Tanihara
- Graduate School of Materials ScienceNara Institute of Science and Technology Ikoma Nara Japan
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15
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Wongsupa N, Nuntanaranont T, Kamolmattayakul S, Thuaksuban N. Assessment of bone regeneration of a tissue-engineered bone complex using human dental pulp stem cells/poly(ε-caprolactone)-biphasic calcium phosphate scaffold constructs in rabbit calvarial defects. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2017; 28:77. [PMID: 28386853 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-017-5883-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/12/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of a fabricated combination of poly-ɛ-caprolactone (PCL)-biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) with the modified melt stretching and multilayer deposition (mMSMD) technique on human dental pulp stem cell (hDPSC) differentiation to be osteogenic like cells for bone regeneration of calvarial defects in rabbit models. hDPSCs extracted from human third molars were seeded onto mMSMD PCL-BCP scaffolds and the osteogenic gene expression was tested prior to implantation in vivo. Two standardized 11 mm in diameter circular calvarial defects were created in 18 adult male New Zealand white rabbits. The rabbits were divided into 4 groups: (1) hDPSCs seeded in mMSMD PCL-BCP scaffolds; (2) mMSMD PCL-BCP scaffolds alone, (3) empty defects and (4) autogenous bone (n = 3 site/time point/groups). After two, four and eight weeks after the operation, the specimens were harvested for micro-CT including histological and histomorphometric analysis. The explicit results presented an interesting view of the bioengineered constructs of hDPSCs in PCL-BCP scaffolds that increased the newly formed bone compared to the empty defect and scaffold alone groups. The results demonstrated that hDPSCs combined with mMSMD PCL-BCP scaffolds may be an augmentation material for bony defect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natkrita Wongsupa
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Thongchai Nuntanaranont
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand.
| | - Suttatip Kamolmattayakul
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Nuttawut Thuaksuban
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
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Bardsley K, Deegan AJ, El Haj A, Yang Y. Current State-of-the-Art 3D Tissue Models and Their Compatibility with Live Cell Imaging. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 1035:3-18. [PMID: 29080127 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-67358-5_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian cells grow within a complex three-dimensional (3D) microenvironment where multiple cells are organized and surrounded by extracellular matrix (ECM). The quantity and types of ECM components, alongside cell-to-cell and cell-to-matrix interactions dictate cellular differentiation, proliferation and function in vivo. To mimic natural cellular activities, various 3D tissue culture models have been established to replace conventional two dimensional (2D) culture environments. Allowing for both characterization and visualization of cellular activities within possibly bulky 3D tissue models presents considerable challenges due to the increased thickness and subsequent light scattering features of such 3D models. In this chapter, state-of-the-art methodologies used to establish 3D tissue models are discussed, first with a focus on both scaffold-free and scaffold-based 3D tissue model formation. Following on, multiple 3D live cell imaging systems, mainly optical imaging modalities, are introduced. Their advantages and disadvantages are discussed, with the aim of stimulating more research in this highly demanding research area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Bardsley
- Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, ST4 7QB, UK
| | - Anthony J Deegan
- Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, ST4 7QB, UK
| | - Alicia El Haj
- Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, ST4 7QB, UK
| | - Ying Yang
- Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, ST4 7QB, UK.
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17
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Deegan AJ, Cinque G, Wehbe K, Konduru S, Yang Y. Tracking calcification in tissue-engineered bone using synchrotron micro-FTIR and SEM. Anal Bioanal Chem 2014; 407:1097-105. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-014-8316-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2014] [Revised: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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