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Iurchenkova A, Kobets A, Ahaliabadeh Z, Kosir J, Laakso E, Virtanen T, Siipola V, Lahtinen J, Kallio T. The effect of the pyrolysis temperature and biomass type on the biocarbons characteristics. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023:e202301005. [PMID: 38126627 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The conversion of biomass and natural wastes into carbon-based materials for various applications such as catalysts and energy-related materials is a fascinating and sustainable approach emerged during recent years. Precursor nature and characteristics are complex, hence, their effect on the properties of resulting materials is still unclear. In this work, we have investigated the effect of different precursors and pyrolysis temperature on the properties of produced carbon materials and their potential application as negative electrode materials in Li-ion batteries. Three biomasses, lignocellulosic brewery spent grain from a local brewery, catechol-rich lignin and tannins, were selected for investigations. We show that such end-product carbon characteristic as functional and elemental composition, porosity, specific surface area, defectiveness level, and morphology strictly depend on the precursor composition, chemical structure, and pyrolysis temperature. The electrochemical characteristics of produced carbon materials correlate with the characteristics of the produced materials. A higher pyrolysis temperature is shown to be favourable for production of carbon material for the Li-ion battery application in terms of both specific capacity and long-term cycling stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Iurchenkova
- Research Group of Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage, Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box, 16100, FI-00076, Espoo, Finland
- Nanotechnology and Functional Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ångstrom laboratory, Uppsala University, BOX 35, 75103, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anna Kobets
- Research Group of Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage, Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box, 16100, FI-00076, Espoo, Finland
| | - Zahra Ahaliabadeh
- Research Group of Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage, Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box, 16100, FI-00076, Espoo, Finland
| | - Janez Kosir
- Research Group of Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage, Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box, 16100, FI-00076, Espoo, Finland
| | - Ekaterina Laakso
- Research Group of Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage, Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box, 16100, FI-00076, Espoo, Finland
- LUT University, Yliopistonkatu 34, 53850, Lappeenranta, Finland
| | - Tommi Virtanen
- Bioprocessing of Natural Materials, VTT Technical Research Center of Finland Ltd., P.O. Box 1000, Oulu, FI-, 02044 VTT
| | - Virpi Siipola
- Bioprocessing of Natural Materials, VTT Technical Research Center of Finland Ltd., P.O. Box 1000, Oulu, FI-, 02044 VTT
| | - Jouko Lahtinen
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto University, FI, 02150, Espoo, Finland
| | - Tanja Kallio
- Research Group of Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage, Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box, 16100, FI-00076, Espoo, Finland
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Srinivasan P, Sarmah AK, Manley-Harris M. Sorption of selected veterinary antibiotics onto dairy farming soils of contrasting nature. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2014; 472:695-703. [PMID: 24326064 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.11.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2013] [Revised: 11/21/2013] [Accepted: 11/21/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The sorption potential for three sulfonamides (SAs), sulfamethoxazole (SMO), sulfachloropyridazine (SCP) and sulfamethazine (SM) and a macrolide, tylosin tartrate (TT) was assessed on six New Zealand dairy farming soils of contrasting physico-chemical properties. Kinetics studies showed that the sorption was rapid in the first few hours of the contact time (0-2h for SA and 0-4h for TT) and thereafter apparent equilibrium was achieved. Batch sorption isotherm data revealed that the degree of isotherm linearity (N) for SCP and SM varied between 0.50 and 1.08 in the six soils. Isotherms of both TT and SMO were mostly non-linear with the degree of non-linearity for TT (N=0.38-0.71) being greater than for SMO (0.42-0.75) in all soils except Manawatu (TT) and Te Kowhai (SMO) where a linear pattern was observed. Concentration-dependent effective distribution coefficient (Kd(eff)) values for the SMO, SCP and SM antibiotics in the soils ranged from 0.85 to 16.35 L kg(-1), while that for TT was 1.6 to 1,042 L kg(-1). The sorption affinity for all soils followed an order: TT>SCP>SM>SMO. Remarkable high sorption for tylosin in Matawhero soil as compared to other soils was attributed to the presence of oxygen containing acidic polar functional groups as evident in the FT-IR spectra of the soil. Furthermore, it was hypothesised that sorption of TT onto soils was mostly driven by metal oxide-surface mediated transformations whereas for sulfonamides it was primarily due to hydrophobic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Srinivasan
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand; Landcare Research, Private Bag 3127, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Ajit K Sarmah
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Merilyn Manley-Harris
- Chemistry Department, University of Waikato, Private Bag 3105, Hamilton, New Zealand
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Zhang H, Liu Y, Qiao W, Liu H, Xue H, He S, Zhang Y. Proton irradiation damage mechanism of PANDA-type polarization-maintaining optical fibers. APPLIED OPTICS 2012; 51:6624-6630. [PMID: 23033034 DOI: 10.1364/ao.51.006624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2012] [Accepted: 07/15/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The effects of proton irradiation with energies of 3.5 and 5 MeV on the optical properties of PANDA (polarization-maintaining and absorption-reducing) optical fiber were investigated. The displacement and the ionization damage in the fiber induced by proton irradiation at 3.5, 5, and 10 MeV were calculated, respectively, using a Stopping and Range of Ions in Matter code. The irradiation-induced defects were analyzed by means of x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, electron paramagnetic resonance, Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry, and broadband optical spectrum analysis. The results show that the proton irradiation leads to an increase of optical loss around 1310 nm and that the effect of 3.5 MeV protons is more severe than that of 5 MeV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongchen Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology in Materials Behavior and Evaluation under Space Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, China
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