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Tong YX, Zhu SY, Wang ZY, Zhao YX, Saleem MAU, Malh KK, Li XN, Li JL. Sulforaphane Ameliorate Cadmium-Induced Blood-Thymus Barrier Disruption by Targeting the PI3K/AKT/FOXO1 Axis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:13382-13392. [PMID: 38814005 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c01703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a transition metal ion that is extremely harmful to human and animal biological systems. Cd is a toxic substance that can accumulate in the food chain and cause various health issues. Sulforaphane (SFN) is a natural bioactive compound with potent antioxidant properties. In our study, 80 1 day-old chicks were fed with Cd (140 mg/kg BW/day) and/or SFN (50 mg/kg BW/day) for 90 days. The blood-thymus barrier (BTB) is a selective barrier separating T-lymphocytes from blood and cortical capillaries in the thymus cortex. Our research revealed that Cd could destroy the BTB by downregulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling and induce immunodeficiency, leading to irreversible injury to the immune system. The study emphasizes the health benefits of SFN in the thymus. SFN could ameliorate Cd-triggered BTB dysfunction and pyroptosis in the thymus tissues. SFN modulated the PI3K/AKT/FOXO1 axis, improving the level of claudin-5 (CLDN5) in the thymus to alleviate BTB breakdown. Our findings indicated the toxic impact of Cd on thymus, and BTB could be the specific target of Cd toxicity. The finding also provides evidence for the role of SFN in maintaining thymic homeostasis for Cd-related health issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xuan Tong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P.R. China
| | - Shi-Yong Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Zhao-Yi Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Xin Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P.R. China
| | | | - Kanwar Kumar Malh
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P.R. China
| | - Xue-Nan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P.R. China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Long Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P.R. China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P.R. China
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Thévenod F, Lee WK. Cadmium transport by mammalian ATP-binding cassette transporters. Biometals 2024; 37:697-719. [PMID: 38319451 PMCID: PMC11101381 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-024-00582-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Cellular responses to toxic metals depend on metal accessibility to intracellular targets, reaching interaction sites, and the intracellular metal concentration, which is mainly determined by uptake pathways, binding/sequestration and efflux pathways. ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are ubiquitous in the human body-usually in epithelia-and are responsible for the transfer of indispensable physiological substrates (e.g. lipids and heme), protection against potentially toxic substances, maintenance of fluid composition, and excretion of metabolic waste products. Derailed regulation and gene variants of ABC transporters culminate in a wide array of pathophysiological disease states, such as oncogenic multidrug resistance or cystic fibrosis. Cadmium (Cd) has no known physiological role in mammalians and poses a health risk due to its release into the environment as a result of industrial activities, and eventually passes into the food chain. Epithelial cells, especially within the liver, lungs, gastrointestinal tract and kidneys, are particularly susceptible to the multifaceted effects of Cd because of the plethora of uptake pathways available. Pertinent to their broad substrate spectra, ABC transporters represent a major cellular efflux pathway for Cd and Cd complexes. In this review, we summarize current knowledge concerning transport of Cd and its complexes (mainly Cd bound to glutathione) by the ABC transporters ABCB1 (P-glycoprotein, MDR1), ABCB6, ABCC1 (multidrug resistance related protein 1, MRP1), ABCC7 (cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator, CFTR), and ABCG2 (breast cancer related protein, BCRP). Potential detoxification strategies underlying ABC transporter-mediated efflux of Cd and Cd complexes are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Thévenod
- Institute for Physiology, Pathophysiology and Toxicology & ZBAF, Witten/Herdecke University, 58453, Witten, Germany
- Physiology and Pathophysiology of Cells and Membranes, Medical School OWL, Bielefeld University, Morgenbreede 1, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Wing-Kee Lee
- Physiology and Pathophysiology of Cells and Membranes, Medical School OWL, Bielefeld University, Morgenbreede 1, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany.
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Wang H, Gan X, Tang Y. Mechanisms of Heavy Metal Cadmium (Cd)-Induced Malignancy. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04189-2. [PMID: 38683269 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04189-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
The environmental pollution of cadmium is worsening, and its significant carcinogenic effects on humans have been confirmed. Cadmium can induce cancer through various signaling pathways, including the ERK/JNK/p38MAPK, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, NF-κB, and Wnt. It can also cause cancer by directly damaging DNA and inhibiting DNA repair systems, or through epigenetic mechanisms such as abnormal DNA methylation, LncRNA, and microRNA. However, the detailed mechanisms of Cd-induced cancer are still not fully understood and require further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hairong Wang
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, No. 1, Section 1, Xianglin Road, Longmatan District, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Xuehui Gan
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, No. 1, Section 1, Xianglin Road, Longmatan District, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Yan Tang
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, No. 1, Section 1, Xianglin Road, Longmatan District, Luzhou, 646000, China.
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Kozlosky D, Doherty C, Buckley B, Goedken MJ, Miller RK, Huh DD, Barrett ES, Aleksunes LM. Fetoplacental Disposition and Toxicity of Cadmium in Mice Lacking the Bcrp Transporter. Toxicol Sci 2023; 197:kfad115. [PMID: 37941438 PMCID: PMC10823776 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfad115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The environmental toxicant cadmium (Cd) impairs the growth of rodents and humans in utero which in turn heightens susceptibility to diseases later in life. We previously demonstrated that the maternal-facing efflux transporter, breast cancer resistance protein (human BCRP/ABCG2, mouse Bcrp/Abcg2) confers resistance against Cd toxicity in human trophoblasts. In the current study, we sought to determine whether the absence of Bcrp alters the fetoplacental disposition and toxicity of Cd in mice. Pregnant female wild-type (WT) and Bcrp-null mice (n = 9-10/group) were administered a single injection of saline (5 ml/kg) or CdCl2 (5 mg/kg) on gestational day (GD) 9. Following Cd treatment, Bcrp-null offspring were shorter and accumulated more Cd in their placentas on GD 17 compared to WT mice. Because Cd can adversely impact placentation and transplacental nutrient delivery in mice, multiple pathways were assessed using morphometrics and immunohistochemistry including placenta zonation, vasculature development, and nutrient transporter expression. Most notably, the placentas of Bcrp-null mice had reduced immunostaining of the cell adhesion marker, β-catenin, and the trophoblast marker, cytokeratin, as well as decreased expression of divalent metal nutrient transporters (Dmt1, Zip14, and ZnT1) following Cd treatment. In summary, the absence of Bcrp expression increased placental concentrations of Cd which was associated with shorter fetal size that may be related to differential changes in molecular patterns of placental development and nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Kozlosky
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rutgers University Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Cathleen Doherty
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Brian Buckley
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Michael J Goedken
- Research Pathology Services, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Richard K Miller
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14642, USA
| | - Dan Dongeun Huh
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Emily S Barrett
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14642, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Lauren M Aleksunes
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rutgers University Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
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Ma Y, Su Q, Yue C, Zou H, Zhu J, Zhao H, Song R, Liu Z. The Effect of Oxidative Stress-Induced Autophagy by Cadmium Exposure in Kidney, Liver, and Bone Damage, and Neurotoxicity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13491. [PMID: 36362277 PMCID: PMC9659299 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental and occupational exposure to cadmium has been shown to induce kidney damage, liver injury, neurodegenerative disease, and osteoporosis. However, the mechanism by which cadmium induces autophagy in these diseases remains unclear. Studies have shown that cadmium is an effective inducer of oxidative stress, DNA damage, ER stress, and autophagy, which are thought to be adaptive stress responses that allow cells exposed to cadmium to survive in an adverse environment. However, excessive stress will cause tissue damage by inducing apoptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis. Evidently, oxidative stress-induced autophagy plays different roles in low- or high-dose cadmium exposure-induced cell damage, either causing apoptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis or inducing cell survival. Meanwhile, different cell types have different sensitivities to cadmium, which ultimately determines the fate of the cell. In this review, we provided a detailed survey of the current literature on autophagy in cadmium-induced tissue damage. A better understanding of the complex regulation of cell death by autophagy might contribute to the development of novel preventive and therapeutic strategies to treat acute and chronic cadmium toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Qunchao Su
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Chengguang Yue
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Hui Zou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jiaqiao Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Hongyan Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Ruilong Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Zongping Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
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Ghatak S, Hascall VC, Karamanos N, Markwald RR, Misra S. Chemotherapy induces feedback up-regulation of CD44v6 in colorectal cancer initiating cells through β-catenin/MDR1 signaling to sustain chemoresistance. Front Oncol 2022; 12:906260. [PMID: 36330477 PMCID: PMC9623568 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.906260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemoresistance in colorectal cancer initiating cells (CICs) involves the sustained activation of multiple drug resistance (MDR) and WNT/β-catenin signaling pathways, as well as of alternatively spliced-isoforms of CD44 containing variable exon-6 (CD44v6). In spite of its importance, mechanisms underlying the sustained activity of WNT/β-catenin signaling have remained elusive. The presence of binding elements of the β-catenin-interacting transcription factor TCF4 in the MDR1 and CD44 promoters suggests that crosstalk between WNT/β-catenin/TCF4-activation and the expression of the CD44v6 isoform mediated by FOLFOX, a first-line chemotherapeutic agent for colorectal cancer, could be a fundamental mechanism of FOLFOX resistance. Our results identify that FOLFOX treatment induced WNT3A secretion, which stimulated a positive feedback loop coupling β-catenin signaling and CD44v6 splicing. In conjunction with FOLFOX induced WNT3A signal, specific CD44v6 variants produced by alternative splicing subsequently enhance the late wave of WNT/β-catenin activation to facilitate cell cycle progression. Moreover, we revealed that FOLFOX-mediated sustained WNT signal requires the formation of a CD44v6-LRP6-signalosome in caveolin microdomains, which leads to increased FOLFOX efflux. FOLFOX-resistance in colorectal CICs occurs in the absence of tumor-suppressor disabled-2 (DAB2), an inhibitor of WNT/β-catenin signaling. Conversely, in sensitive cells, DAB2 inhibition of WNT-signaling requires interaction with a clathrin containing CD44v6-LRP6-signalosome. Furthermore, full-length CD44v6, once internalized through the caveolin-signalosome, is translocated to the nucleus where in complex with TCF4, it binds to β-catenin/TCF4-regulated MDR1, or to CD44 promoters, which leads to FOLFOX-resistance and CD44v6 transcription through transcriptional-reprogramming. These findings provide evidence that targeting CD44v6-mediated LRP6/β-catenin-signaling and drug efflux may represent a novel approach to overcome FOLFOX resistance and inhibit tumor progression in colorectal CICs. Thus, sustained drug resistance in colorectal CICs is mediated by overexpression of CD44v6, which is both a functional biomarker and a therapeutic target in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shibnath Ghatak
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
- Department Natural Sciences, Trident Technical College, North Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Vincent C. Hascall
- Department of Biomedical Engineering/ND20, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Nikos Karamanos
- University of Patras, Matrix Pathobiology Res. Group, Department of Chemistry, Patras, Greece
| | - Roger R. Markwald
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Suniti Misra
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
- Department Natural Sciences, Trident Technical College, North Charleston, SC, United States
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Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway Is Strongly Implicated in Cadmium-Induced Developmental Neurotoxicity and Neuroinflammation: Clues from Zebrafish Neurobehavior and In Vivo Neuroimaging. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911434. [PMID: 36232737 PMCID: PMC9570071 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal and worldwide environmental pollutant which seriously threatens human health and ecosystems. It is easy to be adsorbed and deposited in organisms, exerting adverse effects on various organs including the brain. In a very recent study, making full use of a zebrafish model in both high-throughput behavioral tracking and live neuroimaging, we explored the potential developmental neurotoxicity of Cd2+ at environmentally relevant levels and identified multiple connections between Cd2+ exposure and neurodevelopmental disorders as well as microglia-mediated neuroinflammation, whereas the underlying neurotoxic mechanisms remained unclear. The canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays crucial roles in many biological processes including neurodevelopment, cell survival, and cell cycle regulation, as well as microglial activation, thereby potentially presenting one of the key targets of Cd2+ neurotoxicity. Therefore, in this follow-up study, we investigated the implication of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in Cd2+-induced developmental disorders and neuroinflammation and revealed that environmental Cd2+ exposure significantly affected the expression of key factors in the zebrafish Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. In addition, pharmacological intervention of this pathway via TWS119, which can increase the protein level of β-catenin and act as a classical activator of the Wnt signaling pathway, could significantly repress the Cd2+-induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, thereby attenuating the inhibitory effects of Cd2+ on the early development, behavior, and activity, as well as neurodevelopment of zebrafish larvae to a certain degree. Furthermore, activation and proliferation of microglia, as well as the altered expression profiles of genes associated with neuroimmune homeostasis triggered by Cd2+ exposure could also be significantly alleviated by the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Thus, this study provided novel insights into the cellular and molecular mechanisms of Cd2+ toxicity on the vertebrate central nervous system (CNS), which might be helpful in developing pharmacotherapies to mitigate the neurological disorders resulting from exposure to Cd2+ and many other environmental heavy metals.
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Khalid M, Hodjat M, Abdollahi M. Environmental Exposure to Heavy Metals Contributes to Diseases Via Deregulated Wnt Signaling Pathways. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2021; 20:370-382. [PMID: 34567167 PMCID: PMC8457726 DOI: 10.22037/ijpr.2021.114897.15089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Wnt signaling plays a critical role during embryogenesis and is responsible for regulating the homeostasis of the adult stem cells and cells fate via a multitude of signaling pathways and associated transcription factors, receptors, effectors, and inhibitors. For this review, published articles were searched from PubMed Central, Embase, Medline, and Google Scholar. The search terms were Wnt, canonical, noncanonical, signaling pathway, β-catenin, environment, and heavy metals. Published articles on Wnt signaling pathways and heavy metals as contributing factors for causing diseases via influencing Wnt signaling pathways were included. Wnt canonical or noncanonical signaling pathways are the key regulators of stem cell homeostasis that control many mechanisms. There is an adequate balance between β-catenin dependent and independent Wnt signaling pathways and remain highly conserved throughout different development stages. Environmental heavy metal exposure may cause either inhibition or overexpression of any component of Wnt signaling pathways such as Wnt protein, transcription factors, receptors, ligands, or transducers to impede normal cellular function via negatively affecting Wnt signaling pathways. Environmental exposure to heavy metals potentially contributes to diseases via deregulated Wnt signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madiha Khalid
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahshid Hodjat
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.,Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.,Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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9
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Iwakura T, Marschner JA, Zhao ZB, Świderska MK, Anders HJ. Electric cell-substrate impedance sensing in kidney research. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2021; 36:216-223. [PMID: 31598727 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfz191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) is a quantitative, label-free, non-invasive analytical method allowing continuous monitoring of the behaviour of adherent cells by online recording of transcellular impedance. ECIS offers a wide range of practical applications to study cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, toxicity and monolayer barrier integrity. All of these applications are relevant for basic kidney research, e.g. on endothelial cells, tubular and glomerular epithelial cells. This review gives an overview on the fundamental principles of the ECIS technology. We name strengths and remaining hurdles for practical applications, present an ECIS array reuse protocol, and review its past, present and potential future contributions to preclinical kidney research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takamasa Iwakura
- Renal Division, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU Munich, München, Germany.,Internal Medicine I, Division of Nephrology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Julian A Marschner
- Renal Division, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU Munich, München, Germany
| | - Zhi Bo Zhao
- Renal Division, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU Munich, München, Germany
| | - Monika Katarzyna Świderska
- Renal Division, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU Munich, München, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Anders
- Renal Division, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU Munich, München, Germany
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10
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Üstündağ ÜV, Emekli-Alturfan E. Wnt pathway: A mechanism worth considering in endocrine disrupting chemical action. Toxicol Ind Health 2020; 36:41-53. [DOI: 10.1177/0748233719898989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are defined as exogenous substances that can alter the development and functioning of the endocrine system. The Wnt signaling pathway is an evolutionarily conserved pathway consisting of proteins that transmit cell-to-cell receptors through cell surface receptors, regulating important aspects of cell migration, polarity, neural formation, and organogenesis, which determines the fate of the cell during embryonic development. Although the effects of EDCs have been studied in terms of many molecular mechanisms; because of its critical role in embryogenesis, the Wnt pathway is of special interest in EDC exposure. This review provides information about the effects of EDC exposure on the Wnt/β-catenin pathway focusing on studies on bisphenol A, di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, diethylstilbestrol, cadmium, and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ünsal Veli Üstündağ
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ebru Emekli-Alturfan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
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11
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Zhang RK, Wang P, Lu YC, Lang L, Wang L, Lee SC. Cadmium induces cell centrosome amplification via reactive oxygen species as well as endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:18230-18248. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Kai Zhang
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences Shanxi University Taiyuan Shanxi People's Republic of China
| | - Pu Wang
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences Shanxi University Taiyuan Shanxi People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Cheng Lu
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences Shanxi University Taiyuan Shanxi People's Republic of China
| | - Lang Lang
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences Shanxi University Taiyuan Shanxi People's Republic of China
| | - Lan Wang
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences Shanxi University Taiyuan Shanxi People's Republic of China
| | - Shao Chin Lee
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences Shanxi University Taiyuan Shanxi People's Republic of China
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu People's Republic of China
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12
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Sánchez DS, Fischer Sigel LK, Azurmendi PJ, Vlachovsky SG, Oddo EM, Armando I, Ibarra FR, Silberstein C. Estradiol stimulates cell proliferation via classic estrogen receptor-alpha and G protein-coupled estrogen receptor-1 in human renal tubular epithelial cell primary cultures. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 512:170-175. [PMID: 30879772 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.03.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This work was aimed to determine the effect of 17β-estradiol (17βE) on cell proliferation in human renal tubular epithelial cells (HRTEC) isolated from kidneys from pediatric subjects, as well as the role of estrogen receptors involved in the 17βE proliferative response. Treatment with 17βE (10 nmol/L, 24 h) significantly stimulated cell proliferation, measured by 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU) uptake, in HRTEC primary cultures and in tubular structures obtained by 3D cultured-HRTEC. Incubation of HRTEC with the G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER-1) agonist G-1 increased BrdU uptake. Incubation of HRTEC with 17βE activated the classic estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) but not ERβ. Treatment of HRTEC with the GPER-1 antagonist G-15, the ER inhibitor ICI182,780, or the β-catenin inhibitor iCRT14, completely abrogated the increase in BrdU uptake induced by 17βE. We also show that 17βE stimulated β-catenin protein expression and translocation to the nucleus of HRTEC, effects that were abrogated by G-15 and ICI 182,780. In conclusion, estradiol stimulates cell proliferation in HRTEC primary cultures through both ERα and GPER-1 estrogen receptors and involves β-catenin activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiana S Sánchez
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica "Bernardo Houssay" (IFIBIO-Houssay) UBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lilian K Fischer Sigel
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica "Bernardo Houssay" (IFIBIO-Houssay) UBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pablo J Azurmendi
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Alfredo Lanari, Laboratorio de Riñón Experimental y Bioquímica Molecular, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sandra G Vlachovsky
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Alfredo Lanari, Laboratorio de Riñón Experimental y Bioquímica Molecular, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Elisabet M Oddo
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Alfredo Lanari, Laboratorio de Riñón Experimental y Bioquímica Molecular, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Inés Armando
- Department of Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Fernando R Ibarra
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica "Bernardo Houssay" (IFIBIO-Houssay) UBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Alfredo Lanari, Laboratorio de Riñón Experimental y Bioquímica Molecular, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Claudia Silberstein
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica "Bernardo Houssay" (IFIBIO-Houssay) UBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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13
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Omidi M, Niknahad H, Noorafshan A, Fardid R, Nadimi E, Naderi S, Bakhtari A, Mohammadi-Bardbori A. Co-exposure to an Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Endogenous Ligand, 6-Formylindolo[3,2-b]carbazole (FICZ), and Cadmium Induces Cardiovascular Developmental Abnormalities in Mice. Biol Trace Elem Res 2019; 187:442-451. [PMID: 29808276 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1391-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
6-Formylindolo[3,2-b]carbazole (FICZ) is a signal substance and an endogenous activator of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental pollutant that can activate both AHR and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways. We aimed to determine how dysregulated signaling through AHR-Wnt/β-catenin cross-talk can influence mice heart development. Mice fetuses were exposed to Cd alone or in combination with FICZ in gestation day (GD) 0. In GD18, fetuses were harvested and randomly divided into two parts for stereological and molecular studies. Stereological and tessellation results revealed that when fetuses were co-exposed with FICZ and Cd, abnormalities were synergistically raised. In the presence of FICZ, mRNA expression levels of Wnt/β-catenin target genes significantly enhanced, especially when animals co-treated with FICZ and Cd. Based on these findings, we propose that chemical pollutants can interfere with the normal function of AHR that has a physiological role in regulating Wnt/β-catenin during cardiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Omidi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hossein Niknahad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Noorafshan
- Histomorphometry and Stereology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Departments of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Reza Fardid
- Department of Radiology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Elham Nadimi
- Histomorphometry and Stereology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Immunology, Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Samaneh Naderi
- Diagnostic Laboratory Science and Technology Research Center, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Azizollah Bakhtari
- Department of Reproductive Biology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Afshin Mohammadi-Bardbori
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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14
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Lee JY, Tokumoto M, Satoh M. Novel Mechanisms of Cadmium-Induced Toxicity in Renal Cells. CURRENT TOPICS IN ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-3630-0_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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15
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Peng L, Huang YT, Zhang F, Chen JY, Huo X. Chronic cadmium exposure aggravates malignant phenotypes of nasopharyngeal carcinoma by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway via hypermethylation of the casein kinase 1α promoter. Cancer Manag Res 2018; 11:81-93. [PMID: 30588112 PMCID: PMC6304082 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s171200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our previous study has shown that cadmium (Cd) exposure is not only a risk factor for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), but also correlated with the clinical stage and lymph node metastasis. However, the underlying molecular events of Cd involved in NPC progression remain to be elucidated. PURPOSE The objective of this study was to decipher how Cd impacts the malignant phenotypes of NPC cells. METHODS NPC cell lines CNE-1 and CNE-2 were continuously exposed with 1 μM Cd chloride for 10 weeks, designating as chronic Cd treated NPC cells (CCT-NPC). MTT assay, colony formation assay and xenograft tumor growth were used to assess cell viability in vitro and in vivo. Transwell assays were performed to detect cell invasion and migration. The protein levels of E-cadherin, N-cadherin, Vimentin as well as β-catenin and casein kinase 1α(CK1α) were measured by Western blot. Immunofluorescence staining was used to observe the distribution of filament actin (F-actin), β-catenin and CK1α. The mRNA levels of downstream target genes of β-catenin were detected by RT-PCR. Wnt/β-catenin signaling activity was assessed by TOPFlash/FOPFlash dual luciferase report system. MS-PCR was used to detect the methylation status of CK1α. Finally, the activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway and cell biological properties were examined following treatment of CCT-NPC cells with 5-aza-2-deoxy-cytidine(5-aza-CdR). RESULTS CCT-NPC cells showed an increase in cell proliferation, colony formation, invasion and migration compared to the parental cells. Cd also induced cytoskeleton reorganization and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Upregulation and nuclear translocation of β-catenin and increased luciferase activity accompanied with transcription of downstream target genes were found in CCT-NPC cells. Treatment of CCT-CNE1 cells with 5-aza-CdR could reverse the hypermethylation of CK1α and attenuate the cell malignancy. CONCLUSION These results support a role for chronic Cd exposure as a driving force for the malignant progression of NPC via epigenetic activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Peng
- Clinical Laboratory, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Teng Huang
- Health Care Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Oncological Research Lab, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515031, People's Republic of China,
| | - Jiong-Yu Chen
- Oncological Research Lab, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515031, People's Republic of China,
| | - Xia Huo
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Guangzhou and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China,
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16
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Betten R, Scharner B, Probst S, Edemir B, Wolff NA, Langelueddecke C, Lee WK, Thévenod F. Tonicity inversely modulates lipocalin-2 (Lcn2/24p3/NGAL) receptor (SLC22A17) and Lcn2 expression via Wnt/β-catenin signaling in renal inner medullary collecting duct cells: implications for cell fate and bacterial infection. Cell Commun Signal 2018; 16:74. [PMID: 30404645 PMCID: PMC6223074 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-018-0285-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background We have previously evidenced apical expression of the 24p3/NGAL/lipocalin-2 receptor (Lcn2-R; SLC22A17) in inner medullary collecting duct (IMCD) cells, which are present in vivo in a hyperosmotic/-tonic environment that activates canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling. The localization of Lcn2-R in the inner medulla is intriguing considering local bacterial infections trigger toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4)-mediated secretion of the bacteriostatic Fe3+-free (apo-)Lcn2. Aim To determine the effects of osmolarity/tonicity changes, Wnt/β-catenin and TLR-4 activation on Lcn2-R and Lcn2 expression and cell viability in rat primary IMCD and mouse (m)IMCD3 cells. Methods Normosmolarity/-tonicity was 300 mosmol/l whereas hyperosmolarity/-tonicity was induced by adding 100 mmol/l NaCl + 100 mmol/l urea (600 mosmol/l, 1-7 days). Lcn2-R and Lcn2 expression were determined by qPCR, immunoblotting, flow cytometry and immunofluorescence microscopy. β-catenin was silenced by RNAi. Cell viability/death was determined with MTT and LDH release assays. TLR-4 was activated by bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Results Hyperosmotic/-tonic media upregulated Lcn2-R by ~4-fold and decreased Lcn2 expression/secretion, along with Wnt/β-catenin activation, in IMCD cells. These effects of hyperosmotic/-tonic media on Lcn2-R/Lcn2 expression were reverted by normosmolarity/-tonicity, β-catenin silencing and/or LPS. Exposure of cells with endogenous or stably overexpressing Lcn2-R to apo-Lcn2 or LPS decreased cell viability. Conclusions Lcn2-R upregulation and Lcn2 downregulation via Wnt/β-catenin may promote adaptive osmotolerant survival of IMCD cells in response to hyperosmolarity/-tonicity whereas Lcn2 upregulation and Lcn2-R downregulation via TLR-4 and/or normosmolarity/-tonicity may protect IMCD cells against bacterial infections and prevent autocrine death induction by Lcn2. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12964-018-0285-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Betten
- Department of Physiology, Pathophysiology & Toxicology and ZBAF (Centre for Biomedical Education and Research), Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Stockumer Str 12 (Thyssenhaus), D-58453, Witten, Germany
| | - B Scharner
- Department of Physiology, Pathophysiology & Toxicology and ZBAF (Centre for Biomedical Education and Research), Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Stockumer Str 12 (Thyssenhaus), D-58453, Witten, Germany
| | - S Probst
- Department of Physiology, Pathophysiology & Toxicology and ZBAF (Centre for Biomedical Education and Research), Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Stockumer Str 12 (Thyssenhaus), D-58453, Witten, Germany
| | - B Edemir
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - N A Wolff
- Department of Physiology, Pathophysiology & Toxicology and ZBAF (Centre for Biomedical Education and Research), Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Stockumer Str 12 (Thyssenhaus), D-58453, Witten, Germany
| | - C Langelueddecke
- Department of Physiology, Pathophysiology & Toxicology and ZBAF (Centre for Biomedical Education and Research), Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Stockumer Str 12 (Thyssenhaus), D-58453, Witten, Germany
| | - W-K Lee
- Department of Physiology, Pathophysiology & Toxicology and ZBAF (Centre for Biomedical Education and Research), Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Stockumer Str 12 (Thyssenhaus), D-58453, Witten, Germany
| | - F Thévenod
- Department of Physiology, Pathophysiology & Toxicology and ZBAF (Centre for Biomedical Education and Research), Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Stockumer Str 12 (Thyssenhaus), D-58453, Witten, Germany.
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17
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Kim J, Song H, Heo HR, Kim JW, Kim HR, Hong Y, Yang SR, Han SS, Lee SJ, Kim WJ, Hong SH. Cadmium-induced ER stress and inflammation are mediated through C/EBP-DDIT3 signaling in human bronchial epithelial cells. Exp Mol Med 2017; 49:e372. [PMID: 28860664 PMCID: PMC5628270 DOI: 10.1038/emm.2017.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd), a major component of cigarette smoke, disrupts the normal functions of airway cells and can lead to the development of various pulmonary diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the molecular mechanisms involved in Cd-induced pulmonary diseases are poorly understood. Here, we identified a cluster of genes that are altered in response to Cd exposure in human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) and demonstrated that Cd-induced ER stress and inflammation are mediated via CCAAT-enhancer-binding proteins (C/EBP)-DNA-damaged-inducible transcript 3 (DDIT3) signaling in BEAS-2B cells. Cd treatment led to marked upregulation and downregulation of genes associated with the cell cycle, apoptosis, oxidative stress and inflammation as well as various signal transduction pathways. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed that Cd treatment stimulated the C/EBP signaling pathway and induced transcriptional activation of its downstream target genes, including DDIT3. Suppression of DDIT3 expression using specific small interfering RNA effectively alleviated Cd-induced ER stress and inflammatory responses in both BEAS-2B and normal primary normal human bronchial epithelial cells. Taken together, these data suggest that C/EBP signaling may have a pivotal role in the early induction of ER stress and inflammatory responses by Cd exposure and could be a molecular target for Cd-induced pulmonary disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeeyoung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea.,Environmental Health Center, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Haengseok Song
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Hye-Ryeon Heo
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea.,Environmental Health Center, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Jung Woon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea.,Environmental Health Center, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Hye-Ryun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Yoonki Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea.,Environmental Health Center, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Se-Ran Yang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Seon-Sook Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea.,Environmental Health Center, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Seung-Joon Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea.,Environmental Health Center, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Woo Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea.,Environmental Health Center, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Seok-Ho Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea.,Environmental Health Center, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, South Korea
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18
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Wei Z, Shaikh ZA. Cadmium stimulates metastasis-associated phenotype in triple-negative breast cancer cells through integrin and β-catenin signaling. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2017; 328:70-80. [PMID: 28527916 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2017.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a carcinogenic heavy metal which is implicated in breast cancer development. While the mechanisms of Cd-induced breast cancer initiation and promotion have been studied, the molecular processes involved in breast cancer progression remain to be investigated. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the influence of Cd on metastasis-associated phenotypes, such as cell adhesion, migration, and invasion in triple-negative breast cancer cells. Treatment of MDA-MB-231 cells with 1μM Cd increased cell spreading and cell migration. This was associated with the activation of integrin β1, FAK, Src, and Rac1. Treatment with Cd also inhibited GSK3β activity and induced T-cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor (TCF/LEF) transcription, indicating the involvement of β-catenin signaling. Furthermore, treatment with 3μM Cd for 4weeks increased the expression of β-catenin and enhanced TCF/LEF-mediated transcription. Furthermore, enhanced expressions of integrins α5 and β1, paxillin, and vimentin indicated that prolonged Cd treatment reorganized the cytoskeleton, which aided malignancy, as evidenced by enhanced matrix metalloprotease 2/9 (MMP2/9) secretion and cell invasion. Prolonged Cd treatment also caused an increase in cell growth. Together, these results indicate that Cd alters key signaling processes involved in the regulation of cytoskeleton to enhance cancer cell migration, invasion, adhesion, and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengxi Wei
- Center for Molecular Toxicology, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Zahir A Shaikh
- Center for Molecular Toxicology, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA.
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19
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Guo X, Zhang L, Fan Y, Zhang D, Qin L, Dong S, Li G. Oxysterol-Binding Protein-Related Protein 8 Inhibits Gastric Cancer Growth Through Induction of ER Stress, Inhibition of Wnt Signaling, and Activation of Apoptosis. Oncol Res 2016; 25:799-808. [PMID: 27983927 PMCID: PMC7841135 DOI: 10.3727/096504016x14783691306605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Oxysterol-binding protein-related protein 8 (ORP8) functions as a sterol sensor that regulates a number of cellular functions. We showed that ORP8 expression was significantly lower in GC tissues and cells. Overexpression of ORP8 significantly inhibited GC cell proliferation in several GC cells. The formation of colonies in AGS cells was inhibited by the overexpression of ORP8. Moreover, overexpression of ORP8 significantly decreased implanted tumor growth in nude mice. Overexpression of ORP8 resulted in a significant increase in CHOP and GRP78 expression and the phosphorylation of PERK, indicating the occurrence of ER stress. Inhibition of ER stress by 4-PBA notably suppressed overexpression of ORP8-induced decrease of GC cell proliferation, formation of colonies, and implanted tumor growth. Overexpression of ORP8 resulted in a significant decrease in Wnt3a and β-catenin expression, and activation of Wnt signaling by HLY78 markedly blocked overexpression of ORP8-induced decrease in GC cell proliferation, formation of colonies, and implanted tumor growth. 4-PBA inhibited overexpression of ORP8-induced decrease in Wnt signaling. Furthermore, overexpression of ORP8 resulted in significant activation of mitochondrial apoptotic events and increase in apoptosis, which was inhibited by 4-PBA and HLY78. Induction of ER stress, inhibition of Wnt signaling, and apoptotic cell death were involved in ORP8-induced inhibition of GC cell proliferation. These findings indicate that downregulation of ORP8 plays a pivotal role in the progression of GC, and it may be a novel therapeutic target in the treatment of GC.
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20
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Zhang Y, Yu X, Sun S, Li Q, Xie Y, Li Q, Zhao Y, Pei J, Zhang W, Xue P, Zhou Z, Zhang Y. Cadmium modulates hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells and skews toward myelopoiesis in mice. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2016; 313:24-34. [PMID: 27771405 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2016.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 10/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The heavy metal cadmium (Cd) is known to modulate immunity and cause osteoporosis. However, how Cd influences on hematopoiesis remain largely unknown. Herein, we show that wild-type C57BL/6 (B6) mice exposed to Cd for 3months had expanded bone marrow (BM) populations of long-term hematopoietic stem cells (LT-HSCs), common myeloid progenitors (CMPs) and granulocyte-macrophage progenitors (GMPs), while having reduced populations of multipotent progenitors (MPPs) and common lymphoid progenitors (CLPs). A competitive mixed BM transplantation assay indicates that BM from Cd-treated mice had impaired LT-HSC ability to differentiate into mature cells. In accordance with increased myeloid progenitors and decreased lymphoid progenitors, the BM and spleens of Cd-treated mice had more monocytes and/or neutrophils and fewer B cells and T cells. Cd impaired the ability of the non-hematopoietic system to support LT-HSCs, in that lethally irradiated Cd-treated recipients transplanted with normal BM cells had reduced LT-HSCs after the hematopoietic system was fully reconstituted. This is consistent with reduced osteoblasts, a known critical component for HSC niche, observed in Cd-treated mice. Conversely, lethally irradiated control recipients transplanted with BM cells from Cd-treated mice had normal LT-HSC reconstitution. Furthermore, both control mice and Cd-treated mice that received Alendronate, a clinical drug used for treating osteoporosis, had BM increases of LT-HSCs. Thus, the results suggest Cd increase of LT-HSCs is due to effects on HSCs and not on osteoblasts, although, Cd causes osteoblast reduction and impaired niche function for maintaining HSCs. Furthermore, Cd skews HSCs toward myelopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yandong Zhang
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health, MOE, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xinchun Yu
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health, MOE, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shuhui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qian Li
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health, MOE, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yunli Xie
- Insititute of Brain Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Putuo District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Yifan Zhao
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health, MOE, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jianfeng Pei
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health, MOE, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wenmin Zhang
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health, MOE, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Peng Xue
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health, MOE, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhijun Zhou
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health, MOE, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yubin Zhang
- School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health, MOE, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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21
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Chen X, Li J, Cheng Z, Xu Y, Wang X, Li X, Xu D, Kapron CM, Liu J. Low Dose Cadmium Inhibits Proliferation of Human Renal Mesangial Cells via Activation of the JNK Pathway. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 13:ijerph13100990. [PMID: 27739415 PMCID: PMC5086729 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13100990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal and environmental pollutant. The kidney is the principal target organ of Cd exposure. Previously, we found that low concentration of Cd damages the integrity of the glomerular filtration barrier. However, little is known about the effects of Cd on renal mesangial cells, which provide structural support for the glomerular capillary loops and regulate intraglomerular blood flow. In this study, human renal mesangial cells (HRMCs) were cultured in the presence of serum and treated with 4 μM Cd. We found that Cd activates the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway, and increases the protein levels of c-Jun and c-Fos. Cd treatment also induces a decrease in proliferation and an increase in apoptosis of HRMCs, but only the decrease in HRMC proliferation was reversed by pretreatment with SP600125, an inhibitor of the JNK pathway. In addition, Cd does not change the expression of α-smooth muscle actin and platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β, the markers of mesangial cells, or the alignment of the filamentous actin (F-actin) cytoskeleton of HRMCs. Our data indicate that the JNK pathway mediates the inhibitory effects of Cd on HRMC proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocui Chen
- Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China.
| | | | - Yinghua Xu
- Taishan Medical College, Taian 271000, China.
| | - Xia Wang
- Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Xiaorui Li
- Taishan Medical College, Taian 271000, China.
| | - Dongmei Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Carolyn M Kapron
- Department of Biology, Trent University, Peterborough, ON K9L0G2, Canada.
| | - Ju Liu
- Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan 250014, China.
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22
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Zhang H, Li L, Wang Y, Dong F, Chen X, Liu F, Xu D, Yi F, Kapron CM, Liu J. NF-κB signaling maintains the survival of cadmium-exposed human renal glomerular endothelial cells. Int J Mol Med 2016; 38:417-22. [PMID: 27315281 PMCID: PMC4934931 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2016.2640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The kidney is one of the primary organs targeted by cadmium (Cd), a widely distributed environmental pollutant. The glomerular endothelium is the major component of the glomerular filtration barrier. However, the effects of Cd on glomerular endothelial cells remain largely unknown. For this purpose, we aimed to determine the effects of low dose Cd on the survival of human renal glomerular endothelial cells (HRGECs). Cultured HRGECs were exposed to 4 µM cadmium chloride (CdCl2) and examined at different time-points. We found that Cd activates the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway without inducing the apoptosis of HRGECs. Pre-treating the cells with pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC), a potent NF-κB inhibitor, prior to Cd exposure triggered extensive cell death (73.5%). In addition, Cd activates the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway, and inhibition of the NF-κB pathway significantly elevates Cd-induced JNK phosphorylation in HRGECs (p<0.01). The combination treatment of PDTC and SP600125, a JNK pathway inhibitor, increased the survival of Cd-stimulated HRGECs compared with those cells treated with PDTC alone (p<0.05). Taken together, these findings demonstrate that the NF-κB pathway plays an essential role in maintaining the survival of Cd-exposed HRGECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xintai City People's Hospital, Xintai Hospital Affiliated to Taishan Medical University, Xintai, Shandong 271200, P.R. China
| | - Liqun Li
- Laboratory of Microvascular Medicine, Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Yifan Wang
- Weifang Medical College, Weifang, Shandong 261031, P.R. China
| | - Fengyun Dong
- Laboratory of Microvascular Medicine, Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Xiaocui Chen
- Laboratory of Microvascular Medicine, Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Fuhong Liu
- Laboratory of Microvascular Medicine, Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Dongmei Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Fan Yi
- Department of Pharmacology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Carolyn M Kapron
- Department of Biology, Trent University, Peterborough, ON K9L 0G2, Canada
| | - Ju Liu
- Laboratory of Microvascular Medicine, Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
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23
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Andersen V, Svenningsen K, Knudsen LA, Hansen AK, Holmskov U, Stensballe A, Vogel U. Novel understanding of ABC transporters ABCB1/MDR/P-glycoprotein, ABCC2/MRP2, and ABCG2/BCRP in colorectal pathophysiology. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:11862-11876. [PMID: 26557010 PMCID: PMC4631984 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i41.11862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Revised: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To evaluate ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters in colonic pathophysiology as they had recently been related to colorectal cancer (CRC) development.
METHODS: Literature search was conducted on PubMed using combinations of the following terms: ABC transporters, ATP binding cassette transporter proteins, inflammatory bowel disease, ulcerative, colitis, Crohns disease, colorectal cancer, colitis, intestinal inflammation, intestinal carcinogenesis, ABCB1/P-glycoprotein (P-gp/CD243/MDR1), ABCC2/multidrug resistance protein 2 (MRP2) and ABCG2/breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), Abcb1/Mdr1a, abcc2/Mrp2, abcg2/Bcrp, knock-out mice, tight junction, membrane lipid function.
RESULTS: Recently, human studies reported that changes in the levels of ABC transporters were early events in the adenoma-carcinoma sequence leading to CRC. A link between ABCB1, high fat diet and gut microbes in relation to colitis was suggested by the animal studies. The finding that colitis was preceded by altered gut bacterial composition suggests that deletion of Abcb1 leads to fundamental changes of host-microbiota interaction. Also, high fat diet increases the frequency and severity of colitis in specific pathogen-free Abcb1 KO mice. The Abcb1 KO mice might thus serve as a model in which diet/environmental factors and microbes may be controlled and investigated in relation to intestinal inflammation. Potential molecular mechanisms include defective transport of inflammatory mediators and/or phospholipid translocation from one side to the other of the cell membrane lipid bilayer by ABC transporters affecting inflammatory response and/or function of tight junctions, phagocytosis and vesicle trafficking. Also, diet and microbes give rise to molecules which are potential substrates for the ABC transporters and which may additionally affect ABC transporter function through nuclear receptors and transcriptional regulation. Another critical role of ABCB1 was suggested by the finding that ABCB1 expression identifies a subpopulation of pro-inflammatory Th17 cells which were resistant to treatment with glucocorticoids. The evidence for the involvement of ABCC2 and ABCG2 in colonic pathophysiology was weak.
CONCLUSION: ABCB1, diet, and gut microbes mutually interact in colonic inflammation, a well-known risk factor for CRC. Further insight may be translated into preventive and treatment strategies.
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MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B/genetics
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B/metabolism
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2
- ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters/genetics
- ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters/metabolism
- Animals
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/metabolism
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/pathology
- Colorectal Neoplasms/genetics
- Colorectal Neoplasms/metabolism
- Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology
- Colorectal Neoplasms/physiopathology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- Humans
- Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/genetics
- Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/metabolism
- Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/pathology
- Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/physiopathology
- Mice, Transgenic
- Multidrug Resistance-Associated Protein 2
- Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins/genetics
- Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins/metabolism
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism
- Phenotype
- Polymorphism, Genetic
- Tumor Microenvironment
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24
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Ochieng J, Nangami GN, Ogunkua O, Miousse IR, Koturbash I, Odero-Marah V, McCawley LJ, Nangia-Makker P, Ahmed N, Luqmani Y, Chen Z, Papagerakis S, Wolf GT, Dong C, Zhou BP, Brown DG, Colacci AM, Hamid RA, Mondello C, Raju J, Ryan EP, Woodrick J, Scovassi AI, Singh N, Vaccari M, Roy R, Forte S, Memeo L, Salem HK, Amedei A, Al-Temaimi R, Al-Mulla F, Bisson WH, Eltom SE. The impact of low-dose carcinogens and environmental disruptors on tissue invasion and metastasis. Carcinogenesis 2015; 36 Suppl 1:S128-59. [PMID: 26106135 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgv034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to stimulate new ideas regarding low-dose environmental mixtures and carcinogens and their potential to promote invasion and metastasis. Whereas a number of chapters in this review are devoted to the role of low-dose environmental mixtures and carcinogens in the promotion of invasion and metastasis in specific tumors such as breast and prostate, the overarching theme is the role of low-dose carcinogens in the progression of cancer stem cells. It is becoming clearer that cancer stem cells in a tumor are the ones that assume invasive properties and colonize distant organs. Therefore, low-dose contaminants that trigger epithelial-mesenchymal transition, for example, in these cells are of particular interest in this review. This we hope will lead to the collaboration between scientists who have dedicated their professional life to the study of carcinogens and those whose interests are exclusively in the arena of tissue invasion and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josiah Ochieng
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA, Department of Biology/Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA, Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA, Department of Pathology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pathology, Kuwait University, Safat 13110, Kuwait, Department of Otolaryngology, University of Michigan Medical College, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA, Department of Molecular & Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA, Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences/Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University/Colorado School of Public Health, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1680, USA, Center for Environmental Carcinogenesis and Risk Assessment, Environmental Protection and Health Prevention Agency, Bologna 40126, Italy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra, Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia, Istituto di Genetica Molecolare, CNR, via Abbiategrasso 207, 27100 Pavia, Italy, Toxicology Research Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety Food Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A0K9, Canada, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA, Centre for Advanced Research, King George's Medical University, Chowk, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226003, India, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, Viagrande 95029, Italy, Urology Department, kasr Al-Ainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, El Manial, Cairo 12515, Egypt, Department of Experimental and
| | - Gladys N Nangami
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA, Department of Biology/Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA, Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA, Department of Pathology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pathology, Kuwait University, Safat 13110, Kuwait, Department of Otolaryngology, University of Michigan Medical College, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA, Department of Molecular & Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA, Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences/Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University/Colorado School of Public Health, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1680, USA, Center for Environmental Carcinogenesis and Risk Assessment, Environmental Protection and Health Prevention Agency, Bologna 40126, Italy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra, Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia, Istituto di Genetica Molecolare, CNR, via Abbiategrasso 207, 27100 Pavia, Italy, Toxicology Research Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety Food Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A0K9, Canada, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA, Centre for Advanced Research, King George's Medical University, Chowk, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226003, India, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, Viagrande 95029, Italy, Urology Department, kasr Al-Ainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, El Manial, Cairo 12515, Egypt, Department of Experimental and
| | - Olugbemiga Ogunkua
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA, Department of Biology/Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA, Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA, Department of Pathology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pathology, Kuwait University, Safat 13110, Kuwait, Department of Otolaryngology, University of Michigan Medical College, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA, Department of Molecular & Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA, Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences/Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University/Colorado School of Public Health, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1680, USA, Center for Environmental Carcinogenesis and Risk Assessment, Environmental Protection and Health Prevention Agency, Bologna 40126, Italy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra, Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia, Istituto di Genetica Molecolare, CNR, via Abbiategrasso 207, 27100 Pavia, Italy, Toxicology Research Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety Food Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A0K9, Canada, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA, Centre for Advanced Research, King George's Medical University, Chowk, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226003, India, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, Viagrande 95029, Italy, Urology Department, kasr Al-Ainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, El Manial, Cairo 12515, Egypt, Department of Experimental and
| | - Isabelle R Miousse
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Igor Koturbash
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Valerie Odero-Marah
- Department of Biology/Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA
| | - Lisa J McCawley
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | | | - Nuzhat Ahmed
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yunus Luqmani
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pathology, Kuwait University, Safat 13110, Kuwait
| | - Zhenbang Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA, Department of Biology/Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA, Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA, Department of Pathology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pathology, Kuwait University, Safat 13110, Kuwait, Department of Otolaryngology, University of Michigan Medical College, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA, Department of Molecular & Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA, Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences/Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University/Colorado School of Public Health, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1680, USA, Center for Environmental Carcinogenesis and Risk Assessment, Environmental Protection and Health Prevention Agency, Bologna 40126, Italy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra, Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia, Istituto di Genetica Molecolare, CNR, via Abbiategrasso 207, 27100 Pavia, Italy, Toxicology Research Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety Food Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A0K9, Canada, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA, Centre for Advanced Research, King George's Medical University, Chowk, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226003, India, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, Viagrande 95029, Italy, Urology Department, kasr Al-Ainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, El Manial, Cairo 12515, Egypt, Department of Experimental and
| | - Silvana Papagerakis
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Michigan Medical College, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Gregory T Wolf
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Michigan Medical College, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Chenfang Dong
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Binhua P Zhou
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Dustin G Brown
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences/Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University/Colorado School of Public Health, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1680, USA
| | - Anna Maria Colacci
- Center for Environmental Carcinogenesis and Risk Assessment, Environmental Protection and Health Prevention Agency, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Roslida A Hamid
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra, Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia
| | - Chiara Mondello
- Istituto di Genetica Molecolare, CNR, via Abbiategrasso 207, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Jayadev Raju
- Toxicology Research Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety Food Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A0K9, Canada
| | - Elizabeth P Ryan
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences/Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University/Colorado School of Public Health, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1680, USA
| | - Jordan Woodrick
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - A Ivana Scovassi
- Istituto di Genetica Molecolare, CNR, via Abbiategrasso 207, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Neetu Singh
- Centre for Advanced Research, King George's Medical University, Chowk, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226003, India
| | - Monica Vaccari
- Center for Environmental Carcinogenesis and Risk Assessment, Environmental Protection and Health Prevention Agency, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Rabindra Roy
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Stefano Forte
- Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, Viagrande 95029, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Memeo
- Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, Viagrande 95029, Italy
| | - Hosni K Salem
- Urology Department, kasr Al-Ainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, El Manial, Cairo 12515, Egypt
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Firenze, Firenze 50134, Italy and
| | - Rabeah Al-Temaimi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pathology, Kuwait University, Safat 13110, Kuwait
| | - Fahd Al-Mulla
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pathology, Kuwait University, Safat 13110, Kuwait
| | - William H Bisson
- Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Environmental Health Sciences Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Sakina E Eltom
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA, Department of Biology/Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA, Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA, Department of Pathology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pathology, Kuwait University, Safat 13110, Kuwait, Department of Otolaryngology, University of Michigan Medical College, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA, Department of Molecular & Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA, Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences/Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University/Colorado School of Public Health, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1680, USA, Center for Environmental Carcinogenesis and Risk Assessment, Environmental Protection and Health Prevention Agency, Bologna 40126, Italy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra, Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia, Istituto di Genetica Molecolare, CNR, via Abbiategrasso 207, 27100 Pavia, Italy, Toxicology Research Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety Food Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A0K9, Canada, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA, Centre for Advanced Research, King George's Medical University, Chowk, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226003, India, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, Viagrande 95029, Italy, Urology Department, kasr Al-Ainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, El Manial, Cairo 12515, Egypt, Department of Experimental and
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25
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Li L, Dong F, Xu D, Du L, Yan S, Hu H, Lobe CG, Yi F, Kapron CM, Liu J. Short-term, low-dose cadmium exposure induces hyperpermeability in human renal glomerular endothelial cells. J Appl Toxicol 2015; 36:257-65. [PMID: 26011702 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Revised: 03/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liqun Li
- Laboratory of Microvascular Medicine, Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital; Shandong University; Jinan Shandong China
| | - Fengyun Dong
- Laboratory of Microvascular Medicine, Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital; Shandong University; Jinan Shandong China
| | - Dongmei Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital; Shandong University; Jinan Shandong China
| | - Linna Du
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital; Shandong University; Jinan Shandong China
| | - Suhua Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital; Shandong University; Jinan Shandong China
| | - Hesheng Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital; Shandong University; Jinan Shandong China
| | | | - Fan Yi
- Department of Pharmacology; Shandong University School of Medicine; Jinan Shandong China
| | - Carolyn M. Kapron
- Department of Biology; Trent University; Peterborough Ontario Canada
| | - Ju Liu
- Laboratory of Microvascular Medicine, Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital; Shandong University; Jinan Shandong China
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26
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Thévenod F, Lee WK. Live and Let Die: Roles of Autophagy in Cadmium Nephrotoxicity. TOXICS 2015; 3:130-151. [PMID: 29056654 PMCID: PMC5634690 DOI: 10.3390/toxics3020130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2015] [Revised: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The transition metal ion cadmium (Cd2+) is a significant environmental contaminant. With a biological half-life of ~20 years, Cd2+ accumulates in the kidney cortex, where it particularly damages proximal tubule (PT) cells and can result in renal fibrosis, failure, or cancer. Because death represents a powerful means by which cells avoid malignant transformation, it is crucial to clearly identify and understand the pathways that determine cell fate in chronic Cd2+ nephrotoxicity. When cells are subjected to stress, they make a decision to adapt and survive, or—depending on the magnitude and duration of stress—to die by several modes of death (programmed cell death), including autophagic cell death (ACD). Autophagy is part of a larger system of intracellular protein degradation and represents the channel by which organelles and long-lived proteins are delivered to the lysosome for degradation. Basal autophagy levels in all eukaryotic cells serve as a dynamic physiological recycling system, but they can also be induced by intra- or extracellular stress and pathological processes, such as endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. In a context-dependent manner, autophagy can either be protective and hence contribute to survival, or promote death by non-apoptotic or apoptotic pathways. So far, the role of autophagy in Cd2+-induced nephrotoxicity has remained unsettled due to contradictory results. In this review, we critically survey the current literature on autophagy in Cd2+-induced nephrotoxicity in light of our own ongoing studies. Data obtained in kidney cells illustrate a dual and complex function of autophagy in a stimulus- and time-dependent manner that possibly reflects distinct outcomes in vitro and in vivo. A better understanding of the context-specific regulation of cell fate by autophagy may ultimately contribute to the development of preventive and novel therapeutic strategies for acute and chronic Cd2+ nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Thévenod
- Institute of Physiology, Pathophysiology & Toxicology, Center for Biomedical Training and Research (ZBAF), Stockumer Str. 12, University of Witten/Herdecke, 58453 Witten, Germany.
| | - Wing-Kee Lee
- Institute of Physiology, Pathophysiology & Toxicology, Center for Biomedical Training and Research (ZBAF), Stockumer Str. 12, University of Witten/Herdecke, 58453 Witten, Germany.
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave., New York, NY 10021, USA.
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27
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Cytotoxin-induced NADPH oxides activation: roles in regulation of cell death. Arch Toxicol 2015; 89:991-1006. [PMID: 25690733 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-015-1476-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies have shown that a variety of cytotoxic agents can activate the NADPH oxidase system and induce redox-dependent regulation of cellular functions. Cytotoxin-induced NADPH oxidase activation may either exert cytoprotective actions (e.g., survival, proliferation, and stress tolerance) or cause cell death. Here we summarize the experimental evidence showing the context-dependent dichotomous effects of NADPH oxidase on cell fate under cytotoxic stress conditions and the potential redox signaling mechanisms underlying this phenomenon. Clearly, it is difficult to create a unified paradigm on the toxicological implications of NADPH oxidase activation in response to cytotoxic stimuli. We suggest that interventional strategies targeting the NADPH oxidase system to prevent the adverse impacts of cytotoxins need to be contemplated in a stimuli- and cell type-specific manner.
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28
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Das L, Das S, Chatterjee J. Dose Dependent Effect of Iso-Octane on HaCaT: A Model Study. Toxicol Int 2015; 22:83-91. [PMID: 26862266 PMCID: PMC4721182 DOI: 10.4103/2230-8210.172264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Improved understanding of cytotoxicity under chemical assaults may be achieved by multimodal analysis of cellular morphology, viability, molecular expressions, and biophysical properties. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study dose-dependent effects of an organic solvent (OS), iso-octane (IO), known to cause skin irritation, has been explored multimodally for understanding its effect on structural and functional profile of normal epithelial cell population in vitro. RESULTS Under IO exposures, after 5 h there was a sharp decrease in viability of HaCaT with increasing doses which may be due to disruption in cellular association noted via immunocytochemical study and was further supported by the decreased expression of E-cadherin at transcriptomic level. Dislocation of E-cadherin from membrane to the cytoplasm occurred with increasing doses. The dose-dependent changes in varied aspects of bioelectrical properties, having plausible correlation with cellular viability, association, and adherence were noteworthy at 5 h of IO exposure. Evaluation of biomechanical properties by micropipette aspiration showed a distinct change in cellular stiffness in terms of increase in suction force and post-suction alteration in cellular shape. The cells became stiffer and fragile with increasing IO doses. CONCLUSION Present study explicated dose-dependent cytotoxicity of IO on HaCaT and explored the usefulness of this approach to develop in vitro model system to evaluate epithelial toxicity with level-free markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lopamudra Das
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India
| | - Soumen Das
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India
| | - Jyotirmoy Chatterjee
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India
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29
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Lee WK, Dittmar T. Cytosolic calcium measurements in renal epithelial cells by flow cytometry. J Vis Exp 2014:e51857. [PMID: 25407650 DOI: 10.3791/51857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A variety of cellular processes, both physiological and pathophysiological, require or are governed by calcium, including exocytosis, mitochondrial function, cell death, cell metabolism and cell migration to name but a few. Cytosolic calcium is normally maintained at low nanomolar concentrations; rather it is found in high micromolar to millimolar concentrations in the endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondrial matrix and the extracellular compartment. Upon stimulation, a transient increase in cytosolic calcium serves to signal downstream events. Detecting changes in cytosolic calcium is normally performed using a live cell imaging set up with calcium binding dyes that exhibit either an increase in fluorescence intensity or a shift in the emission wavelength upon calcium binding. However, a live cell imaging set up is not freely accessible to all researchers. Alternative detection methods have been optimized for immunological cells with flow cytometry and for non-immunological adherent cells with a fluorescence microplate reader. Here, we describe an optimized, simple method for detecting changes in epithelial cells with flow cytometry using a single wavelength calcium binding dye. Adherent renal proximal tubule epithelial cells, which are normally difficult to load with dyes, were loaded with a fluorescent cell permeable calcium binding dye in the presence of probenecid, brought into suspension and calcium signals were monitored before and after addition of thapsigargin, tunicamycin and ionomycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wing-Kee Lee
- Institute for Physiology, Pathophysiology, & Toxicology, Centre for Biomedical Research and Training (ZBAF), University of Witten/Herdecke;
| | - Thomas Dittmar
- Institute for Immunology & Experimental Oncology, Centre for Biomedical Research and Training (ZBAF), University of Witten/Herdecke
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Dimeloe S, Frick C, Fischer M, Gubser PM, Razik L, Bantug GR, Ravon M, Langenkamp A, Hess C. Human regulatory T cells lack the cyclophosphamide-extruding transporter ABCB1 and are more susceptible to cyclophosphamide-induced apoptosis. Eur J Immunol 2014; 121:343-56. [PMID: 25251877 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfr071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, including ABC-transporter B1 (ABCB1), extrude drugs, metabolites, and other compounds (such as mitotracker green (MTG)) from cells. Susceptibility of CD4(+) regulatory T (Treg) cells to the ABCB1-substrate cyclophosphamide (CPA) has been reported. Here, we characterized ABCB1 expression and function in human CD4(+) T-cell subsets. Naïve, central memory, and effector-memory CD4(+) T cells, but not Treg cells, effluxed MTG in an ABCB1-dependent manner. In line with this, ABCB1 mRNA and protein was expressed by nonregulatory CD4(+) T-cell subsets, but not Treg cells. In vitro, the ABCB1-substrate CPA was cytotoxic for Treg cells at a 100-fold lower dose than for nonregulatory counterparts, and, inversely, verapamil, an inhibitor of ABC transporters, increased CPA-toxicity in nonregulatory CD4(+) T cells but not Treg cells. Thus, Treg cells lack expression of ABCB1, rendering them selectively susceptible to CPA. Our findings provide mechanistic support for therapeutic strategies using CPA to boost anti-tumor immunity by selectively depleting Treg cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Dimeloe
- Immunobiology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Detrimental effects of Notch1 signaling activated by cadmium in renal proximal tubular epithelial cells. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1378. [PMID: 25118938 PMCID: PMC4454314 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Revised: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
We examined the roles of Notch1 signaling and its cross-talk with other signaling pathways, including p53 and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt, in cadmium-induced cellular damage in HK-2 human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells. Following exposure to cadmium chloride (CdCl2), the level of Notch intracellular domain (NICD), the cleaved form of the Notch1 receptor, was increased and accumulated in the nuclear fraction. Knockdown of Notch1 with siRNA or treatment with the γ-secretase inhibitor, DAPT (N-[N-(3,5-difluorophenacetyl-L-alanyl)]-S-phenylglycine t-butyl ester), prevented CdCl2-induced morphological change of HK-2 cells and reduction of cell viability. Knockdown of Jagged1 or Jagged2, the ligands of the Notch1 receptor, partially suppressed cadmium cytotoxicity. Inhibition of p53 activity with pifithrin-α or inhibition of PI3K with LY294002 suppressed CdCl2-induced cellular damage and elevation of Notch1-NICD. In addition, treatment with the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, AG1478, and the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor inhibitor, PPP, suppressed both Notch1-NICD accumulation and Akt phosphorylation in HK-2 cells exposed to CdCl2. However, knockdown of Notch1 did not affect CdCl2-induced p53 accumulation and phosphorylation but suppressed phosphorylation of EGFR, Akt, and p70 S6 kinase. Depletion of Notch1 suppressed CdCl2-induced reduction of E-cadherin expression and elevation of Snail expression. Furthermore, treatment with SB216763, an inhibitor of glycogen synthase kinase-3, suppressed the potency of LY294002 treatment to reduce Snail expression in HK-2 cells exposed to CdCl2. Knockdown of Snail with siRNA partially prevented HK-2 cells from CdCl2-induced reduction of E-cadherin expression and cellular damage. These results suggest that cadmium exposure induces the activation of Notch1 signaling in renal proximal tubular cells with cooperative activation by the p53 and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways; the resultant expression of Snail, a repressor of E-cadherin expression, might lead to cellular damage by decreasing cell-cell adhesion.
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Ponce E, Louie MC, Sevigny MB. Acute and chronic cadmium exposure promotes E-cadherin degradation in MCF7 breast cancer cells. Mol Carcinog 2014; 54:1014-25. [PMID: 24798214 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium is an environmental carcinogen that usually enters the body at minute concentrations through diet or cigarette smoke and bioaccumulates in soft tissues. In past studies, cadmium has been shown to contribute to the development of more aggressive cancer phenotypes including increased cell migration and invasion. This study aims to determine if cadmium exposure-both acute and chronic-contributes to breast cancer progression by interfering with the normal functional relationship between E-cadherin and β-catenin. An MCF7 breast cancer cell line (MCF7-Cd) chronically exposed to 10(-7) M CdCl2 was previously developed and used as a model system to study chronic exposures, whereas parental MCF7 cells exposed to 10(-6) M CdCl2 for short periods of time were used to study acute exposures. Cadmium exposure of MCF7 cells led to the degradation of the E-cadherin protein via the ubiquitination pathway. This resulted in fewer E-cadherin/β-catenin complexes and the relocation of active β-catenin to the nucleus, where it interacted with transcription factor TCF-4 to modulate gene expression. Interestingly, only cells chronically exposed to cadmium showed a significant decrease in the localization of β-catenin to the plasma membrane and an increased distance between cells. Our data suggest that cadmium exposure promotes breast cancer progression by (1) down-regulating E-cadherin, thus decreasing the number of E-cadherin/β-catenin adhesion complexes, and (2) enhancing the nuclear translocation of β-catenin to increase expression of cancer-promoting proteins (i.e., c-Jun and cyclin D1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmeralda Ponce
- Department of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Dominican University of California, San Rafael, California
| | - Maggie C Louie
- Department of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Dominican University of California, San Rafael, California.,College of Pharmacy, Touro University of California, Vallejo, California
| | - Mary B Sevigny
- Department of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Dominican University of California, San Rafael, California
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Romereim SM, Conoan NH, Chen B, Dudley AT. A dynamic cell adhesion surface regulates tissue architecture in growth plate cartilage. Development 2014; 141:2085-95. [PMID: 24764078 DOI: 10.1242/dev.105452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The architecture and morphogenetic properties of tissues are founded in the tissue-specific regulation of cell behaviors. In endochondral bones, the growth plate cartilage promotes bone elongation via regulated chondrocyte maturation within an ordered, three-dimensional cell array. A key event in the process that generates this cell array is the transformation of disordered resting chondrocytes into clonal columns of discoid proliferative cells aligned with the primary growth vector. Previous analysis showed that column-forming chondrocytes display planar cell divisions, and the resulting daughter cells rearrange by ∼90° to align with the lengthening column. However, these previous studies provided limited information about the mechanisms underlying this dynamic process. Here we present new mechanistic insights generated by application of a novel time-lapse confocal microscopy method along with immunofluorescence and electron microscopy. We show that, during cell division, daughter chondrocytes establish a cell-cell adhesion surface enriched in cadherins and β-catenin. Rearrangement into columns occurs concomitant with expansion of this adhesion surface in a process more similar to cell spreading than to migration. Column formation requires cell-cell adhesion, as reducing cadherin binding via chelation of extracellular calcium inhibits chondrocyte rearrangement. Importantly, physical indicators of cell polarity, such as cell body alignment, are not prerequisites for oriented cell behavior. Our results support a model in which regulation of adhesive surface dynamics and cortical tension by extrinsic signaling modifies the thermodynamic landscape to promote organization of daughter cells in the context of the three-dimensional growth plate tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Romereim
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Anatomy and the Mary and Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985965 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5965, USA
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Dahdouh F, Raane M, Thévenod F, Lee WK. Nickel-induced cell death and survival pathways in cultured renal proximal tubule cells: roles of reactive oxygen species, ceramide and ABCB1. Arch Toxicol 2014; 88:881-92. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-014-1194-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Accepted: 01/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Son YO, Pratheeshkumar P, Lei W, Wang X, Kim DH, Lee JY, Zhang Z, Lee JC, Shi X. Reactive oxygen species mediate Cr(VI)-induced carcinogenesis through PI3K/AKT-dependent activation of GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2013; 271:239-48. [PMID: 23707771 PMCID: PMC3742697 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2013.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2013] [Revised: 04/19/2013] [Accepted: 04/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Cr(VI) compounds are known human carcinogens that primarily target the lungs. Cr(VI) produces reactive oxygen species (ROS), but the exact effects of ROS on the signaling molecules involved in Cr(VI)-induced carcinogenesis have not been extensively studied. Chronic exposure of human bronchial epithelial cells to Cr(VI) at nanomolar concentrations (10-100nM) for 3months not only induced cell transformation, but also increased the potential of these cells to invade and migrate. Injection of Cr(VI)-stimulated cells into nude mice resulted in the formation of tumors. Chronic exposure to Cr(VI) increased levels of intracellular ROS and antiapoptotic proteins. Transfection with catalase or superoxide dismutase (SOD) prevented Cr(VI)-mediated increases in colony formation, cell invasion, migration, and xenograft tumors. While chronic Cr(VI) exposure led to activation of signaling cascades involving PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β/β-catenin and PI3K/AKT/mTOR, transfection with catalase or SOD markedly inhibited Cr(VI)-mediated activation of these signaling proteins. Inhibitors specific for AKT or β-catenin almost completely suppressed the Cr(VI)-mediated increase in total and active β-catenin proteins and colony formation. In particular, Cr(VI) suppressed autophagy of epithelial cells under nutrition deprivation. Furthermore, there was a marked induction of AKT, GSK-3β, β-catenin, mTOR, and carcinogenic markers in tumor tissues formed in mice after injection with Cr(VI)-stimulated cells. Collectively, our findings suggest that ROS is a key mediator of Cr(VI)-induced carcinogenesis through the activation of PI3K/AKT-dependent GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling and the promotion of cell survival mechanisms via the inhibition of apoptosis and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Ok Son
- Graduate Center for Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0305, USA
| | - Poyil Pratheeshkumar
- Graduate Center for Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0305, USA
| | - Wang Lei
- Graduate Center for Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0305, USA
| | - Xin Wang
- Graduate Center for Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0305, USA
| | - Dong-Hern Kim
- Graduate Center for Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0305, USA
| | - Ju-Yeon Lee
- Graduate Center for Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0305, USA
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- Graduate Center for Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0305, USA
| | - Jeong-Chae Lee
- Graduate Center for Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0305, USA
- School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Biosciences, Research Center of Bioactive Materials, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, South Korea
| | - Xianglin Shi
- Graduate Center for Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0305, USA
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Cadmium and cellular signaling cascades: interactions between cell death and survival pathways. Arch Toxicol 2013; 87:1743-86. [PMID: 23982889 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-013-1110-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cellular stress elicited by the toxic metal Cd(2+) does not coerce the cell into committing to die from the onset. Rather, detoxification and adaptive processes are triggered concurrently, allowing survival until normal function is restored. With high Cd(2+), death pathways predominate. However, if sublethal stress levels affect cells for prolonged periods, as in chronic low Cd(2+) exposure, adaptive and survival mechanisms may deregulate, such that tumorigenesis ensues. Hence, death and malignancy are the two ends of a continuum of cellular responses to Cd(2+), determined by magnitude and duration of Cd(2+) stress. Signaling cascades are the key factors affecting cellular reactions to Cd(2+). This review critically surveys recent literature to outline major features of death and survival signaling pathways as well as their activation, interactions and cross talk in cells exposed to Cd(2+). Under physiological conditions, receptor activation generates 2nd messengers, which are short-lived and act specifically on effectors through their spatial and temporal dynamics to transiently alter effector activity. Cd(2+) recruits physiological 2nd messenger systems, in particular Ca(2+) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), which control key Ca(2+)- and redox-sensitive molecular switches dictating cell function and fate. Severe ROS/Ca(2+) signals activate cell death effectors (ceramides, ASK1-JNK/p38, calpains, caspases) and/or cause irreversible damage to vital organelles, such as mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER), whereas low localized ROS/Ca(2+) levels act as 2nd messengers promoting cellular adaptation and survival through signal transduction (ERK1/2, PI3K/Akt-PKB) and transcriptional regulators (Ref1-Nrf2, NF-κB, Wnt, AP-1, bestrophin-3). Other cellular proteins and processes targeted by ROS/Ca(2+) (metallothioneins, Bcl-2 proteins, ubiquitin-proteasome system, ER stress-associated unfolded protein response, autophagy, cell cycle) can evoke death or survival. Hence, temporary or permanent disruptions of ROS/Ca(2+) induced by Cd(2+) play a crucial role in eliciting, modulating and linking downstream cell death and adaptive and survival signaling cascades.
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Lee WK, Chakraborty PK, Thévenod F. Pituitary homeobox 2 (PITX2) protects renal cancer cell lines against doxorubicin toxicity by transcriptional activation of the multidrug transporter ABCB1. Int J Cancer 2013; 133:556-67. [PMID: 23354914 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.28060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2012] [Revised: 12/16/2012] [Accepted: 01/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The multidrug resistance (MDR) P-glycoprotein ABCB1 plays a major role in MDR of malignant cells and is regulated by various transcription factors, including Wnt/β-catenin/TCF4. The transcription factor PITX2 (Pituitary homeobox-2) is essential for embryonic development. PITX2 operates by recruiting and interacting with β-catenin to increase the expression of growth-regulating genes, such as cyclin D1/2 and c-Myc. The importance of PITX2 in malignancy is not yet known. Here we demonstrate that in the renal cancer cell lines ACHN and A498, the level of ABCB1 expression and function correlate with nuclear PITX2 localization and PITX2-luciferase reporter gene activity (A498 > ACHN). In A498 cells, doxorubicin toxicity is augmented by the ABCB1 inhibitor, PSC833. PITX2 overexpression increases ABCB1 expression and cell survival in ACHN cells. Silencing of PITX2 by siRNA downregulates ABCB1 and induces a greater chemotherapeutic response to doxorubicin in A498 cells, as determined by MTT cell viability and clonogenic survival assays. Two PITX2 binding sequences were identified in the ABCB1 promoter sequence. PITX2 binding was confirmed by chromatin immunoprecipitation. β-Catenin is not required for PITX2 upregulation of ABCB1 because ABCB1 mRNA increased and doxorubicin toxicity decreased upon PITX2 overexpression in β-catenin(-/-) cells. The data show for the first time that ABCB1 is a target gene of PITX2 transcriptional activity, promoting MDR and cell survival of cancer cells.
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MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/antagonists & inhibitors
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/biosynthesis
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/genetics
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/metabolism
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/pharmacology
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/drug therapy
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Survival
- Chromatin Immunoprecipitation
- Cyclosporins/pharmacology
- Doxorubicin/pharmacology
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Homeodomain Proteins/metabolism
- Humans
- Kidney Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- RNA Interference
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- RNA, Small Interfering
- Signal Transduction/genetics
- Transcription Factors/genetics
- Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Transcriptional Activation
- beta Catenin/genetics
- Homeobox Protein PITX2
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Affiliation(s)
- Wing-Kee Lee
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, ZBAF, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, North-Rhine Westphalia, Germany
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38
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Tao HY, He B, Liu SQ, Wei AL, Tao FH, Tao HL, Deng WX, Li HH, Chen Q. Effect of carboxymethylated chitosan on the biosynthesis of NGF and activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in the proliferation of Schwann cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 702:85-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2012] [Revised: 01/24/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Chmielowska-Bąk J, Deckert J. A common response to common danger? Comparison of animal and plant signaling pathways involved in cadmium sensing. J Cell Commun Signal 2012; 6:191-204. [PMID: 22865263 PMCID: PMC3497896 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-012-0173-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2012] [Accepted: 07/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to cadmium results in disturbances in cell homeostasis in all living organisms. The first response to stress factors, including cadmium, is activation of signal transduction pathways that mobilize cell defense mechanisms. The aim of this review is a comparison between the signaling network triggered by Cd in plants and animals. Despite differences in the structure and physiology of plant and animal cells, their cadmium signal transduction pathways share many common elements. These elements include signaling molecules such as ROS, Ca(2+) and NO, the involvement of phospholipase C, mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades, and activation of transcription factors. Undoubtedly, both animals and plants also possess specific signaling pathways. In case of animals, Wnt/β-catenin, sonic hedgehog and oestorgen signaling are engaged in the transduction of cadmium signal. Plant specific signal transduction pathways include signaling mediated by plant hormones. The role of ethylene and jasmonic, salicylic and abscisic acid in plant response to cadmium is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagna Chmielowska-Bąk
- Department of Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, ul.Umultowska 89, 61-614, Poznań, Poland,
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41
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Edwards JR, Kolman K, Lamar PC, Chandar N, Fay MJ, Prozialeck WC. Effects of cadmium on the sub-cellular localization of β-catenin and β-catenin-regulated gene expression in NRK-52E cells. Biometals 2012; 26:33-42. [DOI: 10.1007/s10534-012-9592-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2012] [Accepted: 10/08/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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42
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Son YO, Wang L, Poyil P, Budhraja A, Hitron JA, Zhang Z, Lee JC, Shi X. Cadmium induces carcinogenesis in BEAS-2B cells through ROS-dependent activation of PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2012; 264:153-60. [PMID: 22884995 PMCID: PMC3462234 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2012.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2012] [Revised: 07/21/2012] [Accepted: 07/28/2012] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium has been widely used in industry and is known to be carcinogenic to humans. Although it is widely accepted that chronic exposure to cadmium increases the incidence of cancer, the mechanisms underlying cadmium-induced carcinogenesis are unclear. The main aim of this study was to investigate the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cadmium-induced carcinogenesis and the signal transduction pathways involved. Chronic exposure of human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells to cadmium induced cell transformation, as evidenced by anchorage-independent growth in soft agar and clonogenic assays. Chronic cadmium treatment also increased the potential of these cells to invade and migrate. Injection of cadmium-stimulated cells into nude mice resulted in the formation of tumors. In contrast, the cadmium-mediated increases in colony formation, cell invasion and migration were prevented by transfection with catalase, superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD1), or SOD2. In particular, chronic cadmium exposure led to activation of signaling cascades involving PI3K, AKT, GSK-3β, and β-catenin and transfection with each of the above antioxidant enzymes markedly inhibited cadmium-mediated activation of these signaling proteins. Inhibitors specific for AKT or β-catenin almost completely suppressed the cadmium-mediated increase in total and active β-catenin proteins and colony formation. Moreover, there was a marked induction of AKT, GSK-3β, β-catenin, and carcinogenic markers in tumor tissues formed in mice after injection with cadmium-stimulated cells. Collectively, our findings suggest a direct involvement of ROS in cadmium-induced carcinogenesis and implicate a role of AKT/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Ok Son
- Graduate Center for Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Lei Wang
- Graduate Center for Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Pratheeshkumar Poyil
- Graduate Center for Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Amit Budhraja
- Graduate Center for Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - J. Andrew Hitron
- Graduate Center for Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- Graduate Center for Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Jeong-Chae Lee
- Graduate Center for Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Biosciences (BK21 program), Research Center of Bioactive Materials, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, South Korea
| | - Xianglin Shi
- Graduate Center for Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
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Lee WK, Chakraborty PK, Roussa E, Wolff NA, Thévenod F. ERK1/2-dependent bestrophin-3 expression prevents ER-stress-induced cell death in renal epithelial cells by reducing CHOP. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2012; 1823:1864-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2012.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2011] [Revised: 06/04/2012] [Accepted: 06/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Willis CM, Klüppel M. Inhibition by chondroitin sulfate E can specify functional Wnt/β-catenin signaling thresholds in NIH3T3 fibroblasts. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:37042-56. [PMID: 22915582 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.391490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is frequently associated with human disease, including cancer, and thus represents a key therapeutic target. However, Wnt/β-catenin signaling also plays critical roles in many aspects of normal adult tissue homeostasis. The identification of mechanisms and strategies to selectively inhibit the disease-related functions of Wnt signaling, while preserving normal physiological functions, is in its infancy. Here, we report the identification of exogenous chondroitin sulfate-E (CS-E) as an inhibitor of specific molecular and biological outcomes of Wnt3a signaling in NIH3T3 fibroblasts. We demonstrate that CS-E can decrease Wnt3a signaling through the negative regulation of LRP6 receptor activation. However, this inhibitory effect of CS-E only affected Wnt3a-mediated induction, but not repression, of target gene expression. We went on to identify a critical Wnt3a signaling threshold that differentially affects target gene induction versus repression. This signaling threshold also controlled the effects of Wnt3a on proliferation and serum starvation-induced apoptosis. Limiting Wnt3a signaling to this critical threshold, either by CS-E treatment or by ligand dilution, interfered with Wnt3a-mediated stimulation of proliferation but did not impair Wnt3a-mediated reduction of serum starvation-induced apoptosis. Treatment with pharmacological inhibitors demonstrated that both induction and repression of Wnt3a target genes in NIH3T3 cells require the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling cascade. Our data establish the feasibility of selective inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin transcriptional programs and biological outcomes through the exploitation of intrinsic signaling thresholds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine M Willis
- Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60614, USA
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45
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Lu R, Qu Y, Ge J, Zhang L, Su Z, Pflugfelder SC, Li DQ. Transcription factor TCF4 maintains the properties of human corneal epithelial stem cells. Stem Cells 2012; 30:753-61. [PMID: 22232078 DOI: 10.1002/stem.1032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
TCF4, a key transcription factor of Wnt signaling system, has been recently found to be essential for maintaining stem cells. However, its signaling pathway is not well elucidated. This study was to explore the functional roles and signaling pathway of TCF4 in maintaining adult stem cell properties using human corneal epithelial stem cells as a model. With immunofluorescent staining and real-time polymerase chain reaction, we observed that TCF4 was exclusively expressed in the basal layer of human limbal epithelium where corneal epithelial stem cells reside. TCF4 was found to be well colocalized with ABCG2 and p63, two recognized epithelial stem/progenitor cell markers. Using in vitro culture models of primary human corneal epithelial cells, we revealed that TCF4 mRNA and protein were upregulated by cells in exponential growth stage, and RNA interference by small interfering RNA-TCF4 (10-50 nM) transfection blocked TCF4 signaling and suppressed cell proliferation as measured by WST-1 assay. TCF4 silence was found to be accompanied by downregulated proliferation-associated factors p63 and survivin, as well as upregulated cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1C (p57). By creating a wound healing model in vitro, we identified upregulation and activation of β-catenin/TCF4 with their protein translocation from cytoplasm to nuclei, as evaluated by reverse transcription-quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, immunostaining, and Western blotting. Upregulated p63/survivin and downregulated p57 were further identified to be TCF4 downstream molecules that promote cell migration and proliferation in wound healing process. These findings demonstrate that transcription factor TCF4 plays an important role in determining or maintaining the phenotype and functional properties of human corneal epithelial stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Lu
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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46
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A critical evaluation of in vitro cell culture models for high-throughput drug screening and toxicity. Pharmacol Ther 2012; 134:82-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2012.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 276] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2011] [Accepted: 12/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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47
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Mruk DD, Cheng CY. Environmental contaminants: Is male reproductive health at risk? SPERMATOGENESIS 2011; 1:283-290. [PMID: 22332111 PMCID: PMC3271639 DOI: 10.4161/spmg.1.4.18328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2011] [Revised: 09/21/2011] [Accepted: 09/22/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Contaminants such as cadmium, bisphenol A and lead pollute our environment and affect male reproductive function. There is evidence that toxicant exposure adversely affects fertility. Cadmium and bisphenol A exert their effects in the testis by perturbing blood-testis barrier function, which in turn affects germ cell adhesion in the seminiferous epithelium because of a disruption of the functional axis between these sites. In essence, cadmium mediates its adverse effects at the blood-testis barrier by disrupting cell adhesion protein complexes, illustrating that toxicants can dismantle cell junctions in the testis. Herein, we will discuss how environmental toxicants may affect reproductive function. We will also examine how these adverse effects on fertility may be mediated in part by adipose tissue and bone. Lastly, we will briefly discuss how toxicant-induced damage may be effectively managed so that fertility can be maintained. It is hoped that this information will offer a new paradigm for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dolores D Mruk
- The Mary M. Wohlford Laboratory for Male Contraceptive Research; Center for Biomedical Research; The Population Council; New York, NY USA
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48
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Thorsen K, Mansilla F, Schepeler T, Øster B, Rasmussen MH, Dyrskjøt L, Karni R, Akerman M, Krainer AR, Laurberg S, Andersen CL, Ørntoft TF. Alternative splicing of SLC39A14 in colorectal cancer is regulated by the Wnt pathway. Mol Cell Proteomics 2010. [PMID: 20938052 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m110.002998shen] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Alternative splicing is a crucial step in the generation of protein diversity and its misregulation is observed in many human cancer types. By analyzing 143 colorectal samples using exon arrays, SLC39A14, a divalent cation transporter, was identified as being aberrantly spliced in tumor samples. SLC39A14 contains two mutually exclusive exons 4A and 4B and the exon 4A/4B ratio was significantly altered in adenomas (p = 3.6 × 10(-10)) and cancers (p = 9.4 × 10(-11)), independent of microsatellite stability status. The findings were validated in independent exon array data sets and by quantitative real-time reverse-transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). Aberrant Wnt signaling is a hallmark of colorectal tumorigenesis and is characterized by nuclear β-catenin. Experimental inactivation of Wnt signaling in DLD1 and Ls174T cells by knockdown of β-catenin or overexpression of dominant negative TCFs (TCF1 and TCF4) altered the 4A/4B ratio, indicating that SLC39A14 splicing is regulated by the Wnt pathway. An altered 4A/4B ratio was also observed in gastric and lung cancer where Wnt signaling is also known to be aberrantly activated. The splicing factor SRSF1 and its regulator, the kinase SRPK1, were found to be deregulated upon Wnt inactivation in colorectal carcinoma cells. SRPK1 was also found up-regulated in both adenoma samples (p = 1.5 × 10(-5)) and cancer samples (p = 5 × 10(-4)). In silico splicing factor binding analysis predicted SRSF1 to bind predominantly to the cancer associated exon 4B, hence, it was hypothesized that SRPK1 activates SRSF1 through phosphorylation, followed by SRSF1 binding to exon 4B and regulation of SLC39A14 splicing. Indeed, siRNA-mediated knockdown of SRPK1 and SRSF1 in DLD1 and SW480 colorectal cancer cells led to a change in the 4A/4B isoform ratio, supporting a role of these factors in the regulation of SLC39A14 splicing. In conclusion, alternative splicing of SLC39A14 was identified in colorectal tumors and found to be regulated by the Wnt pathway, most likely through regulation of SRPK1 and SRSF1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasper Thorsen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
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Thorsen K, Mansilla F, Schepeler T, Øster B, Rasmussen MH, Dyrskjøt L, Karni R, Akerman M, Krainer AR, Laurberg S, Andersen CL, Ørntoft TF. Alternative splicing of SLC39A14 in colorectal cancer is regulated by the Wnt pathway. Mol Cell Proteomics 2010; 10:M110.002998. [PMID: 20938052 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m110.002998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Alternative splicing is a crucial step in the generation of protein diversity and its misregulation is observed in many human cancer types. By analyzing 143 colorectal samples using exon arrays, SLC39A14, a divalent cation transporter, was identified as being aberrantly spliced in tumor samples. SLC39A14 contains two mutually exclusive exons 4A and 4B and the exon 4A/4B ratio was significantly altered in adenomas (p = 3.6 × 10(-10)) and cancers (p = 9.4 × 10(-11)), independent of microsatellite stability status. The findings were validated in independent exon array data sets and by quantitative real-time reverse-transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). Aberrant Wnt signaling is a hallmark of colorectal tumorigenesis and is characterized by nuclear β-catenin. Experimental inactivation of Wnt signaling in DLD1 and Ls174T cells by knockdown of β-catenin or overexpression of dominant negative TCFs (TCF1 and TCF4) altered the 4A/4B ratio, indicating that SLC39A14 splicing is regulated by the Wnt pathway. An altered 4A/4B ratio was also observed in gastric and lung cancer where Wnt signaling is also known to be aberrantly activated. The splicing factor SRSF1 and its regulator, the kinase SRPK1, were found to be deregulated upon Wnt inactivation in colorectal carcinoma cells. SRPK1 was also found up-regulated in both adenoma samples (p = 1.5 × 10(-5)) and cancer samples (p = 5 × 10(-4)). In silico splicing factor binding analysis predicted SRSF1 to bind predominantly to the cancer associated exon 4B, hence, it was hypothesized that SRPK1 activates SRSF1 through phosphorylation, followed by SRSF1 binding to exon 4B and regulation of SLC39A14 splicing. Indeed, siRNA-mediated knockdown of SRPK1 and SRSF1 in DLD1 and SW480 colorectal cancer cells led to a change in the 4A/4B isoform ratio, supporting a role of these factors in the regulation of SLC39A14 splicing. In conclusion, alternative splicing of SLC39A14 was identified in colorectal tumors and found to be regulated by the Wnt pathway, most likely through regulation of SRPK1 and SRSF1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasper Thorsen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
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