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Ingangi V, De Chiara A, Ferrara G, Gallo M, Catapano A, Fazioli F, Di Carluccio G, Peranzoni E, Marigo I, Carriero MV, Minopoli M. Emerging Treatments Targeting the Tumor Microenvironment for Advanced Chondrosarcoma. Cells 2024; 13:977. [PMID: 38891109 PMCID: PMC11171855 DOI: 10.3390/cells13110977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Chondrosarcoma (ChS), a malignant cartilage-producing tumor, is the second most frequently diagnosed osseous sarcoma after osteosarcoma. It represents a very heterogeneous group of malignant chemo- and radiation-resistant neoplasms, accounting for approximately 20% of all bone sarcomas. The majority of ChS patients have a good prognosis after a complete surgical resection, as these tumors grow slowly and rarely metastasize. Conversely, patients with inoperable disease, due to the tumor location, size, or metastases, represent a great clinical challenge. Despite several genetic and epigenetic alterations that have been described in distinct ChS subtypes, very few therapeutic options are currently available for ChS patients. Therefore, new prognostic factors for tumor progression as well as new treatment options have to be explored, especially for patients with unresectable or metastatic disease. Recent studies have shown that a correlation between immune infiltrate composition, tumor aggressiveness, and survival does exist in ChS patients. In addition, the intra-tumor microvessel density has been proven to be associated with aggressive clinical behavior and a high metastatic potential in ChS. This review will provide an insight into the ChS microenvironment, since immunotherapy and antiangiogenic agents are emerging as interesting therapeutic options for ChS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Ingangi
- Preclinical Models of Tumor Progression Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS ‘Fondazione G. Pascale’, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.I.); (G.D.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Annarosaria De Chiara
- Histopathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS ‘Fondazione G. Pascale’, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.D.C.); (G.F.)
| | - Gerardo Ferrara
- Histopathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS ‘Fondazione G. Pascale’, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.D.C.); (G.F.)
| | - Michele Gallo
- Musculoskeletal Surgery Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS ‘Fondazione G. Pascale’, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.G.); (A.C.); (F.F.)
| | - Antonio Catapano
- Musculoskeletal Surgery Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS ‘Fondazione G. Pascale’, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.G.); (A.C.); (F.F.)
| | - Flavio Fazioli
- Musculoskeletal Surgery Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS ‘Fondazione G. Pascale’, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.G.); (A.C.); (F.F.)
| | - Gioconda Di Carluccio
- Preclinical Models of Tumor Progression Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS ‘Fondazione G. Pascale’, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.I.); (G.D.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Elisa Peranzoni
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Diagnostics, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, 35128 Padua, Italy; (E.P.); (I.M.)
| | - Ilaria Marigo
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Diagnostics, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, 35128 Padua, Italy; (E.P.); (I.M.)
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Maria Vincenza Carriero
- Preclinical Models of Tumor Progression Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS ‘Fondazione G. Pascale’, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.I.); (G.D.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Michele Minopoli
- Preclinical Models of Tumor Progression Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS ‘Fondazione G. Pascale’, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.I.); (G.D.C.); (M.M.)
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Xin Y, Hu B, Li K, Hu G, Zhang C, Chen X, Tang K, Du P, Tan Y. Circulating tumor cells with metastasis-initiating competence survive fluid shear stress during hematogenous dissemination through CXCR4-PI3K/AKT signaling. Cancer Lett 2024; 590:216870. [PMID: 38614386 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
To seed lethal secondary lesions, circulating tumor cells (CTCs) must survive all rate-limiting factors during hematogenous dissemination, including fluid shear stress (FSS) that poses a grand challenge to their survival. We thus hypothesized that CTCs with the ability to survive FSS in vasculature might hold metastasis-initiating competence. This study reported that FSS of physiologic magnitude selected a small subpopulation of suspended tumor cells in vitro with the traits of metastasis-initiating cells, including stemness, migration/invasion potential, cellular plasticity, and biophysical properties. These shear-selected cells generated local and metastatic tumors at the primary and distal sites efficiently, implicating their metastasis competence. Mechanistically, FSS activated the mechanosensitive protein CXCR4 and the downstream PI3K/AKT signaling, which were essential in shear-mediated selection of metastasis-competent CTCs. In summary, these findings conclude that CTCs with metastasis-initiating competence survive FSS during hematogenous dissemination through CXCR4-PI3K/AKT signaling, which may provide new therapeutic targets for the early prevention of tumor metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xin
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518000, China; Research Institute of Smart Ageing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Bing Hu
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518000, China; Research Institute of Smart Ageing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Keming Li
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518000, China; Research Institute of Smart Ageing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Guanshuo Hu
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518000, China; Research Institute of Smart Ageing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Cunyu Zhang
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518000, China; Research Institute of Smart Ageing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Xi Chen
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518000, China; Research Institute of Smart Ageing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Kai Tang
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518000, China; Research Institute of Smart Ageing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Pengyu Du
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518000, China; Research Institute of Smart Ageing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Youhua Tan
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518000, China; Research Institute of Smart Ageing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China.
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Gonzalez-Avila G, Sommer B, Flores-Soto E, Aquino-Galvez A. Hypoxic Effects on Matrix Metalloproteinases' Expression in the Tumor Microenvironment and Therapeutic Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16887. [PMID: 38069210 PMCID: PMC10707261 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is characterized by an acidic pH and low oxygen concentrations. Hypoxia induces neoplastic cell evasion of the immune surveillance, rapid DNA repair, metabolic reprogramming, and metastasis, mainly as a response to the hypoxic inducible factors (HIFs). Likewise, cancer cells increase matrix metalloproteinases' (MMPs) expression in response to TME conditions, allowing them to migrate from the primary tumor to different tissues. Since HIFs and MMPs are augmented in the hypoxic TME, it is easy to consider that HIFs participate directly in their expression regulation. However, not all MMPs have a hypoxia response element (HRE)-HIF binding site. Moreover, different transcription factors and signaling pathways activated in hypoxia conditions through HIFs or in a HIF-independent manner participate in MMPs' transcription. The present review focuses on MMPs' expression in normal and hypoxic conditions, considering HIFs and a HIF-independent transcription control. In addition, since the hypoxic TME causes resistance to anticancer conventional therapy, treatment approaches using MMPs as a target alone, or in combination with other therapies, are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgina Gonzalez-Avila
- Laboratorio de Oncología Biomédica, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosío Villegas”, Calzada de Tlalpan 4502, Col. Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico
| | - Bettina Sommer
- Departamento de Investigación en Hiperreactividad Bronquial, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosío Villegas”, Calzada de Tlalpan 4502, Col. Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico;
| | - Edgar Flores-Soto
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico;
| | - Arnoldo Aquino-Galvez
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Departamento de Fibrosis Pulmonar, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosío Villegas”, Calzada de Tlalpan 4502, Col. Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico;
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Spanò DP, Bonelli S, Calligaris M, Carreca AP, Carcione C, Zito G, Nicosia A, Rizzo S, Scilabra SD. High-Resolution Secretome Analysis of Chemical Hypoxia Treated Cells Identifies Putative Biomarkers of Chondrosarcoma. Proteomes 2022; 10:proteomes10030025. [PMID: 35893766 PMCID: PMC9326515 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes10030025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chondrosarcoma is the second most common bone tumor, accounting for 20% of all cases. Little is known about the pathology and molecular mechanisms involved in the development and in the metastatic process of chondrosarcoma. As a consequence, there are no approved therapies for this tumor and surgical resection is the only treatment currently available. Moreover, there are no available biomarkers for this type of tumor, and chondrosarcoma classification relies on operator-dependent histopathological assessment. Reliable biomarkers of chondrosarcoma are urgently needed, as well as greater understanding of the molecular mechanisms of its development for translational purposes. Hypoxia is a central feature of chondrosarcoma progression. The hypoxic tumor microenvironment of chondrosarcoma triggers a number of cellular events, culminating in increased invasiveness and migratory capability. Herein, we analyzed the effects of chemically-induced hypoxia on the secretome of SW 1353, a human chondrosarcoma cell line, using high-resolution quantitative proteomics. We found that hypoxia induced unconventional protein secretion and the release of proteins associated to exosomes. Among these proteins, which may be used to monitor chondrosarcoma development, we validated the increased secretion in response to hypoxia of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), a glycolytic enzyme well-known for its different functional roles in a wide range of tumors. In conclusion, by analyzing the changes induced by hypoxia in the secretome of chondrosarcoma cells, we identified molecular mechanisms that can play a role in chondrosarcoma progression and pinpointed proteins, including GAPDH, that may be developed as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and therapeutic management of chondrosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donatella Pia Spanò
- Proteomics Group of Fondazione Ri.MED, Department of Research IRCCS ISMETT, via Ernesto Tricomi 5, 90145 Palermo, Italy; (D.P.S.); (S.B.); (M.C.); (A.P.C.)
- STEBICEF (Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze Ed. 16, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Simone Bonelli
- Proteomics Group of Fondazione Ri.MED, Department of Research IRCCS ISMETT, via Ernesto Tricomi 5, 90145 Palermo, Italy; (D.P.S.); (S.B.); (M.C.); (A.P.C.)
- STEBICEF (Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze Ed. 16, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Matteo Calligaris
- Proteomics Group of Fondazione Ri.MED, Department of Research IRCCS ISMETT, via Ernesto Tricomi 5, 90145 Palermo, Italy; (D.P.S.); (S.B.); (M.C.); (A.P.C.)
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Anna Paola Carreca
- Proteomics Group of Fondazione Ri.MED, Department of Research IRCCS ISMETT, via Ernesto Tricomi 5, 90145 Palermo, Italy; (D.P.S.); (S.B.); (M.C.); (A.P.C.)
| | - Claudia Carcione
- Fondazione Ri.MED, Department of Research IRCCS ISMETT, via Ernesto Tricomi 5, 90145 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Zito
- Research Department, IRCSS ISMETT (Instituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad Alta Specializzazione), 90127 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Aldo Nicosia
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation-National Research Council (IRIB-CNR), Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Sergio Rizzo
- Medical Oncology Unit, IRCCS ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad Alta Specializzazione), 90127 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Simone Dario Scilabra
- Proteomics Group of Fondazione Ri.MED, Department of Research IRCCS ISMETT, via Ernesto Tricomi 5, 90145 Palermo, Italy; (D.P.S.); (S.B.); (M.C.); (A.P.C.)
- Correspondence:
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Yang C, Passos Gibson V, Hardy P. The Role of MiR-181 Family Members in Endothelial Cell Dysfunction and Tumor Angiogenesis. Cells 2022; 11:1670. [PMID: 35626707 PMCID: PMC9140109 DOI: 10.3390/cells11101670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction plays a critical role in many human angiogenesis-related diseases, including cancer and retinopathies. Small non-coding microRNAs (miRNAs) repress gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. They are critical for endothelial cell gene expression and function and are involved in many pathophysiological processes. The miR-181 family is one of the essential angiogenic regulators. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge of the role of miR-181 family members in endothelial cell dysfunction, with emphasis on their pathophysiological roles in aberrant angiogenesis. The actions of miR-181 members are summarized concerning their targets and associated major angiogenic signaling pathways in a cancer-specific context. Elucidating the underlying functional mechanisms of miR-181 family members that are dysregulated in endothelial cells or cancer cells is invaluable for developing miRNA-based therapeutics for angiogenesis-related diseases such as retinopathies, angiogenic tumors, and cancer. Finally, potential clinical applications of miR-181 family members in anti-angiogenic tumor therapy are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Yang
- Research Center of CHU Sainte-Justine, University of Montréal, Quebec, QC H3T 1C5, Canada;
| | - Victor Passos Gibson
- Departments of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Montréal, Quebec, QC H3T 1C5, Canada;
| | - Pierre Hardy
- Research Center of CHU Sainte-Justine, University of Montréal, Quebec, QC H3T 1C5, Canada;
- Departments of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Montréal, Quebec, QC H3T 1C5, Canada;
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of Montréal, Quebec, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
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Chen M, Yu Y, Yang S, Yang D. Pretreatment with licochalcone a enhances therapeutic activity of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in animal models of colitis. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2021; 24:1050-1057. [PMID: 34804422 PMCID: PMC8591761 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2021.56520.12616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Colitis has a high prevalence rate, limited treatment options, and needs to be solved urgently. Application of Licochacone A (LA) or rBMMSCs alone in the treatment of colitis has a certain but limited effect. This study aims to develop an LA-based strategy to improve mesenchymal stem cells' (MSCs') therapeutic capacity in mice DSS-induced colitis by increasing the number of MSCs migrating to the inflammation site. MATERIALS AND METHODS In vivo, we injected MSCs pretreated with LA, MSCs alone, or PBS into the tail vein of colitis mice, and assessed the colon length, disease activity index (DAI) score, body weight, HAI score, and tracked the location of MSCs at day 10. In vitro, we knocked down the CXCR4 gene by siRNA and then treated it with LA, then tested the mRNA level of CXCR4 and the migration ability of group CXCR4, CXCR4+LA, LA, and control to verify the relationship between this effect and the SDF-1-CXCR4 signaling pathway. RESULTS The mice that received LA- pretreated MSCs had ameliorated body weight loss, preserved colon morphology, and decreased DAI and histological activity index (HAI) compared with the MSCs group. Besides, the number of MSCs migrating to the inflammation site significantly increased in group LA+MSCs, and expression of CXCR4 significantly increased too. Furthermore, we found that LA could partly revise the decrease of the migration of MSCs and the expression of CXCR4 mRNA caused by CXCR4-siRNA. CONCLUSION LA may improve the migration ability of MSCs through increasing CXCR4 expression therapy enhancing their therapeutic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Chen
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Shiyao Yang
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Deqin Yang
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China,Corresponding author: Deqin Yang. Endodontics Department, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, #426 Songshi Bei Road, Yubei, 401147 Chongqing, PR China.
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Ullah A, Leong SW, Wang J, Wu Q, Ghauri MA, Sarwar A, Su Q, Zhang Y. Cephalomannine inhibits hypoxia-induced cellular function via the suppression of APEX1/HIF-1α interaction in lung cancer. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:490. [PMID: 33990544 PMCID: PMC8121842 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03771-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death. As one of the key features of tumor microenvironment, hypoxia conditions are associated with poor prognosis in LC patients. Upregulation of hypoxic-induced factor-1α (HIF-1α) leads to the activation of various factors that contribute to the increased drug resistance, proliferation, and migration of tumor cells. Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease-1 (APEX1) is a multi-functional protein that regulates several transcription factors, including HIF-1α, that contribute to tumor growth, oxidative stress responses, and DNA damage. In this study, we explored the mechanisms underlying cell responses to hypoxia and modulation of APEX1, which regulate HIF-1α and downstream pathways. We found that hypoxia-induced APEX1/HIF-1α pathways regulate several key cellular functions, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, carbonic anhydrase 9 (CA9)-mediated intracellular pH, migration, and angiogenesis. Cephalomannine (CPM), a natural compound, exerted inhibitory effects in hypoxic LC cells via the inhibition of APEX1/HIF-1α interaction in vitro and in vivo. CPM can significantly inhibit cell viability, ROS production, intracellular pH, and migration in hypoxic LC cells as well as angiogenesis of HUVECs under hypoxia through the inhibition of APEX1/HIF-1α interaction. Taken together, CPM could be considered as a promising compound for LC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmat Ullah
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, P.R. China
| | - Sze Wei Leong
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - Jingjing Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, P.R. China
| | - Qing Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, P.R. China
| | - Mohsin Ahmad Ghauri
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, P.R. China
| | - Ammar Sarwar
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, P.R. China
| | - Qi Su
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, P.R. China.
| | - Yanmin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, P.R. China.
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He M, Zhang W, Wang J, Gao L, Jiao L, Wang L, Zheng J, Cai Z, Yang J. Aggregative Perivascular Tumor Cell Growth Pattern of Primary Central Nervous System Lymphomas Is Associated with Hypoxia-Related Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. J Cancer 2021; 12:3841-3852. [PMID: 34093792 PMCID: PMC8176238 DOI: 10.7150/jca.54952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary central nervous system lymphomas (PCNSLs) often present a unique histopathological feature of aggregative perivascular tumor cells (APVT). Our previous studies showed that patients of PCNSL with APVTs exhibited poor long-term outcomes and increased expression of the endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) factor X-box-binding protein (XBP1). However, very little is known about molecular mechanism of the APVT formation in PCNSLs. The aim of this study is to determine if hypoxia-induced ERS is related to the APVT formation in PCNSLs. In this study, cell culture was used to observe the interplay between diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) tumor cells and human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs) in different oxygen conditions. The expression of XBP1, CXCR and CD44 was manipulated by molecular cloning and siRNA technology. Mouse in vivo experiments and clinical studies were conducted to confirm our hypothesis. Our results showed that activated B-cell type-DLBCL cells easily migrated and invaded, and expressed high levels of XBP1 and stromal molecules CXCR4 and CD44 during hypoxia-induced ERS and dithiothreitol unfolded protein response (UPR). The gene upregulation (using overexpression vector) and downregulation (siRNA gene knock-out) in cultured cells and in mouse models further confirmed a close relation of the expression of XBP1, CXCR4, and CD44 with APVT formation, which is coincided with our clinical observation that increased expression of XBP1, CXCR4, and CD44 in the APVT cells in PCNSLs were associated with poor clinical outcomes. The results suggest that hypoxia-induced ERS and UPR might be associated with APVTs formation in PCNSL and its poor clinical outcomes. The results will help us better understand the progression of PCNSL with APVTs feature in daily pathological work and could be valuable for future target treatment of PCNSLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaoxia He
- Department of pathology, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Experimental Diagnose, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jianjun Wang
- Department of pathology, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Lei Gao
- Department of Hematology, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Lijuan Jiao
- Department of pathology, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Laixing Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jianmin Zheng
- Department of pathology, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zailong Cai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Jianmin Yang
- Department of Hematology, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200433, China
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Yu CL, Yu YL, Yang SF, Hsu CE, Lin CL, Hsieh YH, Chiou HL. Praeruptorin A reduces metastasis of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells by targeting ERK/MMP1 signaling pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2021; 36:540-549. [PMID: 33226171 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Praeruptorin A (PA) is one of the active ingredients found in the dried root of Peucedanum praeruptorum Dunn, has been reported to possess anticancer effects against various types of cancer. However, the effect of PA on human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains uncleared. In this study, our results indicated that PA did not induce cytotoxicity or alter cell cycle distribution in human HCC cells (Huh-7, SK-Hep-1, and PLC/PRF/5 cells). Instead, PA inhibited the migration and invasion of human HCC cells while downregulating the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP1) and activating the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathways. Furthermore, blocking the ERK signaling pathway through siERK restored the expression of MMP1 and the invasive ability of PA-treated HCC cells. In conclusion, our results demonstrate the antimetastatic activity of PA against human HCC cells, supporting its potential as a therapeutic agent of HCC treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Lin Yu
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Luen Yu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-En Hsu
- School of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Liang Lin
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsien Hsieh
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ling Chiou
- School of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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10
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Korbecki J, Kojder K, Kapczuk P, Kupnicka P, Gawrońska-Szklarz B, Gutowska I, Chlubek D, Baranowska-Bosiacka I. The Effect of Hypoxia on the Expression of CXC Chemokines and CXC Chemokine Receptors-A Review of Literature. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020843. [PMID: 33467722 PMCID: PMC7830156 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is an integral component of the tumor microenvironment. Either as chronic or cycling hypoxia, it exerts a similar effect on cancer processes by activating hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) and nuclear factor (NF-κB), with cycling hypoxia showing a stronger proinflammatory influence. One of the systems affected by hypoxia is the CXC chemokine system. This paper reviews all available information on hypoxia-induced changes in the expression of all CXC chemokines (CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL3, CXCL4, CXCL5, CXCL6, CXCL7, CXCL8 (IL-8), CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, CXCL12 (SDF-1), CXCL13, CXCL14, CXCL15, CXCL16, CXCL17) as well as CXC chemokine receptors—CXCR1, CXCR2, CXCR3, CXCR4, CXCR5, CXCR6, CXCR7 and CXCR8. First, we present basic information on the effect of these chemoattractant cytokines on cancer processes. We then discuss the effect of hypoxia-induced changes on CXC chemokine expression on the angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis and recruitment of various cells to the tumor niche, including myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs), regulatory T cells (Tregs) and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). Finally, the review summarizes data on the use of drugs targeting the CXC chemokine system in cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Korbecki
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (J.K.); (P.K.); (P.K.); (D.C.)
| | - Klaudyna Kojder
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-281 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Patrycja Kapczuk
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (J.K.); (P.K.); (P.K.); (D.C.)
| | - Patrycja Kupnicka
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (J.K.); (P.K.); (P.K.); (D.C.)
| | - Barbara Gawrońska-Szklarz
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Izabela Gutowska
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wlkp. 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Dariusz Chlubek
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (J.K.); (P.K.); (P.K.); (D.C.)
| | - Irena Baranowska-Bosiacka
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72 Av., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (J.K.); (P.K.); (P.K.); (D.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-914661515
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11
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Zhang H, Wang P, Zhang X, Zhao W, Ren H, Hu Z. SDF1/CXCR4 axis facilitates the angiogenesis via activating the PI3K/AKT pathway in degenerated discs. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:4163-4172. [PMID: 32901877 PMCID: PMC7533460 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Symptomatic degenerative disc disease (DDD) is considered the leading cause of chronic lower back pain (LBP). As one of the main features of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD), vascular ingrowth plays a crucial role in the progression of LBP. Stromal cell‑derived factor 1 (SDF1) and its receptor C‑X‑C receptor 4 (CXCR4) were reported to be overexpressed in the degenerated intervertebral discs, suggesting that they may be involved in the pathogenesis of IDD. Moreover, SDF1 has been identified to induce neovascularization in rheumatoid arthritis disease. However, the roles of the SDF1/CXCR4 axis in the neovascularization of IDD remain unclear. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to elucidate whether the SDF1/CXCR4 axis takes part in neovascularization in degenerated intervertebral discs and its underlying mechanisms. Adenovirus infection was used to upregulate SDF1 expression in primary nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs). The effects of SDF1 on the proliferation and angiogenesis of vascular endothelial cells (VECs) were assessed by Cell Counting Kit‑8 and tube formation assays after VECs were treated with the supernatants derived from SDF1 overexpressed or not treated NPCs. Transwell chambers using the supernatants from NPCs as chemokines were applied to assess VEC migration and invasion. AMD3100, MK‑2206 and SF1670 were used to antagonize CXCR4, AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 (AKT) and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) in VECs. The results revealed that SDF1 overexpression significantly increased the ratio of phosphorylated AKT to AKT and decreased PTEN expression in NPCs, as well as enhanced the proliferation, migration, invasion and angiogenesis abilities of VECs. However, these effects induced by SDF1 overexpression in NPCs were all reversed when VECs were pretreated with AMD3100 or MK‑2206, whereas enhanced by SF1670 treatment. Collectively, the present study indicated that enhancement of the SDF1/CXCR4 axis in NPCs can significantly accelerate angiogenesis by regulating the PTEN/phosphatidylinositol‑3‑kinase/AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanxiang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Huichuan, Zunyi 563000, P.R. China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Wenrui Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Honglei Ren
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Zhenming Hu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
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12
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Xue Y, Li Z, Wang Y, Zhu X, Hu R, Xu W. Role of the HIF‑1α/SDF‑1/CXCR4 signaling axis in accelerated fracture healing after craniocerebral injury. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:2767-2774. [PMID: 32945380 PMCID: PMC7453606 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The hypoxic state of the brain tissue surrounding craniocerebral injury induces an increase in the secretion of HIF-1α during the healing process. HIF-1α can promote mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) migration to ischemic and hypoxic sites by regulating the expression levels of molecules such as stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) in the microenvironment. Stem cells express the SDF-1 receptor C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) and serve a key role in tissue repair, as well as a number of physiological and pathological processes. The present study aimed to determine the role of HIF-1α/SDF-1/CXCR4 signaling in the process of accelerated fracture healing during craniocerebral injury. Cultured MSCs underwent HIF-1α knockdown to elucidate its effect on the proliferative ability of MSCs, and the effect of SDF-1 in MSCs was investigated. It was also determined whether HIF-1α could promote osteogenesis via SDF-1/CXCR4 signaling and recruit MSCs. The results indicated that HIF-1α knockdown suppressed MSC proliferation in vitro, and SDF-1 promoted cell migration via binding to CXCR4. Furthermore, HIF-1α knockdown inhibited MSC migration via SDF-1/CXCR4 signaling. Considering the wide distribution and diversity of roles of SDF-1 and CXCR4, the present results may form a basis for the development of novel strategies for the treatment of craniocerebral injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghua Xue
- Department of Neurosurgery, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Zhikun Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tongren Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai 200331, P.R. China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tongren Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai 200331, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodong Zhu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tongren Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai 200331, P.R. China
| | - Ruixi Hu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tongren Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai 200331, P.R. China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tongren Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai 200331, P.R. China
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13
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Pajuelo-Lozano N, Alcalá S, Sainz B, Perona R, Sanchez-Perez I. Targeting MAD2 modulates stemness and tumorigenesis in human Gastric Cancer cell lines. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:9601-9618. [PMID: 32863948 PMCID: PMC7449921 DOI: 10.7150/thno.49270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Gastric cancer (GC) is a solid tumor that contains subpopulations of cancer stem cells (CSCs), which are considered drivers of tumor initiation and metastasis; responsible for therapeutic resistance; and promoters of tumor relapse. The balance between symmetric and asymmetric division is crucial for stem cell maintenance. The objective of this study is to evaluate the role of MAD2, a key protein for proper mitotic checkpoint activity, in the tumorigenesis of GC. Methods: Gastric cancer stem cells (GCSCs) were obtained from MKN45, SNU638 and ST2957 cell lines. Pluripotency and stemness markers were evaluated by RT-qPCR and autofluorescence and membrane markers by flow cytometry. Relevant signal transduction pathways were studied by WB. We analysed cell cycle progression, migration and invasion after modulation of MAD2 activity or protein expression levels in these in vitro models. In vivo assays were performed in a nude mouse subcutaneous xenograft model. Results: We found that NANOG, CXCR4 and autofluorescence are common and consistent markers for the GCSCs analysed, with other markers showing more variability. The three main signalling pathways (Wnt/β-catenin; Hedgehog and Notch) were activated in GCSCs. Downregulation of MAD2 in MKN45CSCs decreased the expression of markers CXCR4, CD133, CD90, LGR5 and VIM, without affecting cell cycle profile or therapy resistance. Moreover, migration, invasion and tumor growth were clearly reduced, and accordingly, we found that metalloprotease expression decreased. These results were accompanied by a reduction in the levels of transcription factors related with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Conclusions: We can conclude that MAD2 is important for GCSCs stemness and its downregulation in MKN45CSCs plays a central role in GC tumorigenesis, likely through CXCR4-SNAI2-MMP1. Thus, its potential use in the clinical setting should be studied as its functions appear to extend beyond mitosis.
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14
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Gonzalez-Avila G, Sommer B, García-Hernández AA, Ramos C. Matrix Metalloproteinases' Role in Tumor Microenvironment. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1245:97-131. [PMID: 32266655 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-40146-7_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells evolve in the tumor microenvironment (TME) by the acquisition of characteristics that allow them to initiate their passage through a series of events that constitute the metastatic cascade. For this purpose, tumor cells maintain a crosstalk with TME non-neoplastic cells transforming them into their allies. "Corrupted" cells such as cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), and tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) as well as neoplastic cells express and secrete matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Moreover, TME metabolic conditions such as hypoxia and acidification induce MMPs' synthesis in both cancer and stromal cells. MMPs' participation in TME consists in promoting events, for example, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), apoptosis resistance, angiogenesis, and lymphangiogenesis. MMPs also facilitate tumor cell migration through the basement membrane (BM) and extracellular matrix (ECM). The aim of the present chapter is to discuss MMPs' contribution to the evolution of cancer cells, their cellular origin, and their influence in the main processes that take place in the TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgina Gonzalez-Avila
- Laboratorio de Oncología Biomédica, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Bettina Sommer
- Departamento de Investigación en Hiperreactividad Bronquial, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - A Armando García-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Oncología Biomédica, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carlos Ramos
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular, Departamento de Fibrosis Pulmonar, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico
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15
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Gao ZY, Yu LL, Shi BX, Dong ZL, Sun YJ, Ma HS. T140 Inhibits Apoptosis and Promotes Proliferation and Matrix Formation Through the SDF-1/CXC Receptor-4 Signaling Pathway in Endplate Chondrocytes of the Rat Intervertebral Discs. World Neurosurg 2020; 133:e165-e172. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2019.08.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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16
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Mousavi A. CXCL12/CXCR4 signal transduction in diseases and its molecular approaches in targeted-therapy. Immunol Lett 2019; 217:91-115. [PMID: 31747563 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2019.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Chemokines are small molecules called "chemotactic cytokines" and regulate many processes like leukocyte trafficking, homing of immune cells, maturation, cytoskeletal rearrangement, physiology, migration during development, and host immune responses. These proteins bind to their corresponding 7-membrane G-protein-coupled receptors. Chemokines and their receptors are anti-inflammatory factors in autoimmune conditions, so consider as potential targets for neutralization in such diseases. They also express by cancer cells and function as angiogenic factors, and/or survival/growth factors that enhance tumor angiogenesis and development. Among chemokines, the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis has significantly been studied in numerous cancers and autoimmune diseases. CXCL12 is a homeostatic chemokine, which is acts as an anti-inflammatory chemokine during autoimmune inflammatory responses. In cancer cells, CXCL12 acts as an angiogenic, proliferative agent and regulates tumor cell apoptosis as well. CXCR4 has a role in leukocyte chemotaxis in inflammatory situations in numerous autoimmune diseases, as well as the high levels of CXCR4, observed in different types of human cancers. These findings suggest CXCL12/CXCR4 as a potential therapeutic target for therapy of autoimmune diseases and open a new approach to targeted-therapy of cancers by neutralizing CXCL12 and CXCR4. In this paper, we reviewed the current understanding of the role of the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis in disease pathology and cancer biology, and discuss its therapeutic implications in cancer and diseases.
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17
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Sun X, Chen Y, Yu H, Machan JT, Alladin A, Ramirez J, Taliano R, Hart J, Chen Q, Terek RM. Anti-miRNA Oligonucleotide Therapy for Chondrosarcoma. Mol Cancer Ther 2019; 18:2021-2029. [PMID: 31341031 PMCID: PMC6825546 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-18-1020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Chondrosarcoma is a highly aggressive primary malignant bone tumor mostly occurring in adults. There are no effective systemic treatments, and patients with this disease have poor survival. miR-181a is an oncomiR that is overexpressed in high-grade chondrosarcoma and promotes tumor progression. Regulator of G-protein signaling 16 (RGS16) is a target of miR-181a. Inhibition of RGS16 expression by miR-181a enhances CXC chemokine receptor 4 signaling, which in turn increases MMP1 and VEGF expression, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Here, we report the results of systemic treatment with anti-miRNA oligonucleotides (AMO) directed against miR-181a utilizing a nanopiece delivery platform (NPs). NPs were combined with a molecular beacon or anti-miR-181a oligonucleotides and are shown to transfect chondrosarcoma cells in vitro and in vivo Intratumoral injection and systemic delivery had similar effects on miR-181a expression in nude mice bearing chondrosarcoma xenografts. Systemic delivery of NPs carrying anti-miR-181a also restored RGS16 expression, decreased expression of VEGF and MMP1, MMP activity, and tumor volume by 32% at day 38, and prolonged survival from 23% to 45%. In conclusion, these data support that systemic delivery of AMO shows promise for chondrosarcoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Yupeng Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
| | - Hongchuan Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Jason T Machan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
- Lifespan Biostatistics Core, Lifespan Hospital System, Providence, Rhode Island
- Department of Surgery, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Ashna Alladin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Jose Ramirez
- Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Ross Taliano
- Department of Pathology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Jesse Hart
- Department of Pathology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Richard M Terek
- Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island.
- Providence Veterans Administration Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island
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18
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Chen CL, Zhang L, Jiao YR, Zhou Y, Ge QF, Li PC, Sun XJ, Lv Z. miR-134 inhibits osteosarcoma cell invasion and metastasis through targeting MMP1 and MMP3 in vitro and in vivo. FEBS Lett 2019; 593:1089-1101. [PMID: 30977909 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
miR-134 has been shown to be associated with angiogenesis and the progression of osteosarcoma. This study further assessed the effects of miR-134 expression on osteosarcoma cell migration, invasion, and metastasis in vitro and in a nude mouse xenograft model, exploring the underlying molecular events. Luciferase reporter assays revealed that miR-134 directly targets the 3'-UTRs of MMP1 and MMP3 to reduce their expression in osteosarcoma cells. In conclusion, overexpression of miR-134 suppresses osteosarcoma cell invasion and metastasis through the inhibition of MMP1 and MMP3 expression. We propose miR-134 as an attractive novel therapeutic target for the treatment of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Long Chen
- Second Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, TaiYuan, China
| | - Long Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, TaiYuan, China
| | - Yu-Rui Jiao
- Second Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, TaiYuan, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- First Clinical Medical School of Southern Medical University, GuangZhou, China
| | - Qiao-Feng Ge
- Second Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, TaiYuan, China
| | - Peng-Cui Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, TaiYuan, China
| | - Xiao-Juan Sun
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, TaiYuan, China
| | - Zhi Lv
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, TaiYuan, China
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Fujita M, Somasundaram V, Basudhar D, Cheng RYS, Ridnour LA, Higuchi H, Imadome K, No JH, Bharadwaj G, Wink DA. Role of nitric oxide in pancreatic cancer cells exhibiting the invasive phenotype. Redox Biol 2019; 22:101158. [PMID: 30852389 PMCID: PMC6409427 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a highly metastatic tumor with an extremely low 5-year survival rate. Lack of efficient diagnostics and dearth of effective therapeutics that can target the cancer as well as the microenvironment niche are the reasons for limited success in treatment and management of this disease. Cell invasion through extracellular matrix (ECM) involves the complex regulation of adhesion to and detachment from ECM and its understanding is critical to metastatic potential of pancreatic cancer. To understand the characteristics of these cancer cells and their ability to metastasize, we compared human pancreatic cancer cell line, PANC-1 and its invading phenotype (INV) collected from transwell inserts. The invasive cell type, INV, exhibited higher resistance to Carbon-ion radiation compared to whole cultured (normally dish-cultured) PANC-1 (WCC), and had more efficient in vitro spheroid formation capability. Invasiveness of INV was hampered by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitors, suggesting that nitric oxide (NO) plays a cardinal role in PANC-1 invasion. In addition, in vitro studies indicated that a MEK-ERK-dependent, JAK independent mechanism through which NOS/NO modulate PANC-1 invasiveness. Suspended INV showed enhanced NO production as well as induction of several pro-metastatic, and stemness-related genes. NOS inhibitor, l-NAME, reduced the expression of these pro-metastatic or stemness-related genes, and dampened spheroid formation ability, suggesting that NO can potentially influence pancreatic cancer aggressiveness. Furthermore, xenograft studies with INV and WCC in NSG mouse model revealed a greater ability of INV compared to WCC, to metastasize to the liver and l-NAME diminished the metastatic lesions in mice injected with INV. Overall, data suggest that NO is a key player associated with resistance to radiation and metastasis of pancreatic cancer; and inhibition of NOS demonstrates therapeutic potential as observed in the animal model by specifically targeting the metastatic cells that harbor stem-like features and are potentially responsible for relapse. Highly invasive pancreatic cancer cell line, collected from transwell inserts showed increased resistance to C-ion radiation. NO is a key player in pancreatic cancer aggressiveness inducing pro-metastatic and stemness-related genes. NOS/NO modulate invasiveness through a MEK-ERK dependent, JAK signaling independent mechanism. NOS inhibition showed promising therapeutic potential in mouse model by reversing the pro-metastatic phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayumi Fujita
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, MD, USA; Department of Basic Medical Sciences for Radiation Damages, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Veena Somasundaram
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, MD, USA
| | - Debashree Basudhar
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, MD, USA
| | - Robert Y S Cheng
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, MD, USA
| | - Lisa A Ridnour
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, MD, USA
| | - Harumi Higuchi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences for Radiation Damages, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kaori Imadome
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences for Radiation Damages, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Jae Hong No
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, MD, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Gaurav Bharadwaj
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, MD, USA
| | - David A Wink
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, MD, USA.
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20
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Gonzalez-Avila G, Sommer B, Mendoza-Posada DA, Ramos C, Garcia-Hernandez AA, Falfan-Valencia R. Matrix metalloproteinases participation in the metastatic process and their diagnostic and therapeutic applications in cancer. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2019; 137:57-83. [PMID: 31014516 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2019.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) participate from the initial phases of cancer onset to the settlement of a metastatic niche in a second organ. Their role in cancer progression is related to their involvement in the extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation and in the regulation and processing of adhesion and cytoskeletal proteins, growth factors, chemokines and cytokines. MMPs participation in cancer progression makes them an attractive target for cancer therapy. MMPs have also been used for theranostic purposes in the detection of primary tumor and metastatic tissue in which a particular MMP is overexpressed, to follow up on therapy responses, and in the activation of cancer cytotoxic pro-drugs as part of nano-delivery-systems that increase drug concentration in a specific tumor target. Herein, we review MMPs molecular characteristics, their synthesis regulation and enzymatic activity, their participation in the metastatic process, and how their functions have been used to improve cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgina Gonzalez-Avila
- Laboratorio Oncología Biomédica, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Bettina Sommer
- Departamento de Investigación en Hiperreactividad Bronquial, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Carlos Ramos
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular, Departamento de Fibrosis Pulmonar, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - A Armando Garcia-Hernandez
- Laboratorio Oncología Biomédica, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ramces Falfan-Valencia
- Laboratorio de HLA, Departamento de Inmunogenética y Alergia, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico
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21
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CXCR3 expression in colorectal cancer cells enhanced invasion through preventing CXCR4 internalization. Exp Cell Res 2018; 371:162-174. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Tian Y, Yin H, Deng X, Tang B, Ren X, Jiang T. CXCL12 induces migration of oligodendrocyte precursor cells through the CXCR4‑activated MEK/ERK and PI3K/AKT pathways. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:4374-4380. [PMID: 30221695 PMCID: PMC6172403 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Demyelination is a nervous system disease in which the myelin sheaths of neurons are damaged due to inflammatory reactions, inherited abnormalities or trauma. This damage impairs the conduction of signals in the affected nerves, which in turn causes deficiencies in sensation, movement and cognition. Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) are able to induce remyelination. However, the remyelination is suboptimal due to the limited migration of OPCs. In the present study, neonatal OPCs were isolated from rats for the investigation of the role of C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12), an important chemokine, in mediating the migration ability of OPCs. The present results demonstrated that CXCL12 stimulation markedly promoted the migration of OPCs and activated the dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 (MEK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/RAC-α serine/threonine-protein kinase (AKT) pathways. Knockdown of C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4; a receptor of CXCL12) reversed the CXCL12-induced migration of OPCs and blocked the MEK/ERK and PI3K/AKT pathways. In addition, specific inhibitors of the MEK/ERK and PI3K/AKT pathways significantly reduced the migration of OPCs. Based on these findings, it was concluded that CXCL12 may induce the migration of OPCs through the CXCR4-activated MEK/ERK and PI3K/AKT pathways. The results of the present study support the manipulation of CXCL12-mediated OPC migration to improve remyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongyang Tian
- Department of Orthopedics, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Hong Yin
- Department of Orthopedics, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Xi Deng
- Department of Ultrasound, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Beichuan Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Xianjun Ren
- Department of Orthopedics, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
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Chen K, Bao Z, Tang P, Gong W, Yoshimura T, Wang JM. Chemokines in homeostasis and diseases. Cell Mol Immunol 2018; 15:324-334. [PMID: 29375126 PMCID: PMC6052829 DOI: 10.1038/cmi.2017.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
For the past twenty years, chemokines have emerged as a family of critical mediators of cell migration during immune surveillance, development, inflammation and cancer progression. Chemokines bind to seven transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that are expressed by a wide variety of cell types and cause conformational changes in trimeric G proteins that trigger the intracellular signaling pathways necessary for cell movement and activation. Although chemokines have evolved to benefit the host, inappropriate regulation or utilization of these small proteins may contribute to or even cause diseases. Therefore, understanding the role of chemokines and their GPCRs in the complex physiological and diseased microenvironment is important for the identification of novel therapeutic targets. This review introduces the functional array and signals of multiple chemokine GPCRs in guiding leukocyte trafficking as well as their roles in homeostasis, inflammation, immune responses and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keqiang Chen
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, 21702, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Zhiyao Bao
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, 21702, Frederick, MD, USA
- Department of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Peng Tang
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, 21702, Frederick, MD, USA
- Department of Breast Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, 400038, Chongqing, China
| | - Wanghua Gong
- Basic Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., 21702, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Teizo Yoshimura
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 700-8558, Okayama, Japan
| | - Ji Ming Wang
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, 21702, Frederick, MD, USA.
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Yeh YH, Hsiao HF, Yeh YC, Chen TW, Li TK. Inflammatory interferon activates HIF-1α-mediated epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition via PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2018; 37:70. [PMID: 29587825 PMCID: PMC5870508 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0730-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor microenvironments (TMEs) activate various axes/pathways, predominantly inflammatory and hypoxic responses, impact tumorigenesis, metastasis and therapeutic resistance significantly. Although molecular pathways of individual TME are extensively studied, evidence showing interaction and crosstalk between hypoxia and inflammation remain unclear. Thus, we examined whether interferon (IFN) could modulate both inflammatory and hypoxic responses under normoxia and its relation with cancer development. METHODS IFN was used to induce inflammation response and HIF-1α expression in various cancer cell lines. Corresponding signaling pathways were then analyzed by a combination of pharmacological inhibitors, immunoblotting, GST-Raf pull-down assays, dominant-negative and short-hairpin RNA-mediated knockdown approaches. Specifically, roles of functional HIF-1α in the IFN-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and other tumorigenic propensities were examined by knockdown, pharmacological inhibition, luciferase reporter, clonogenic, anchorage-independent growth, wound-healing, vasculogenic mimicry, invasion and sphere-formation assays as well as cellular morphology observation. RESULTS We showed for the first time that IFN induced functional HIF-1α expression in a time- and dose- dependent manner in various cancer cell lines under both hypoxic and normoxic conditions, and then leading to an activated HIF-1α pathway in an IFN-mediated pro-inflammatory TME. IFN regulates anti-apoptosis activity, cellular metastasis, EMT and vasculogenic mimicry by a novel mechanism through mainly the activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR axis. Subsequently, pharmacological and genetic modulations of HIF-1α, JAK, PI3K/AKT/mTOR or p38 pathways efficiently abrogate above IFN-induced tumorigenic propensities. Moreover, HIF-1α is required for the IFN-induced invasiveness, tumorigenesis and vasculogenic mimicry. Further supports for the HIF-1α-dependent tumorigenesis were obtained from results of xenograft mouse model and sphere-formation assay. CONCLUSIONS Our mechanistic study showed an induction of HIF-1α and EMT ability in an IFN-mediated inflammatory TME and thus demonstrating a novel interaction between inflammatory and hypoxic TMEs. Moreover, targeting HIF-1α may be a potential target for inhibiting tumor tumorigenesis and EMT by decreasing cancer cells wound healing and anchorage-independent colony growth. Our results also lead to rationale guidance for developing new therapeutic strategies to prevent relapse via targeting TME-providing IFN signaling and HIF-1α programming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Hsiu Yeh
- Department and Graduate Institute of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ho-Fu Hsiao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Sijhih Cathay General Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yen-Cheng Yeh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Tien-Wen Chen
- Department and Graduate Institute of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Tsai-Kun Li
- Department and Graduate Institute of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.
- Center for Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.
- Center for Genomic Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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Bao MH, Li GY, Huang XS, Tang L, Dong LP, Li JM. Long Noncoding RNA LINC00657 Acting as a miR-590-3p Sponge to Facilitate Low Concentration Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein–Induced Angiogenesis. Mol Pharmacol 2018; 93:368-375. [DOI: 10.1124/mol.117.110650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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Escalona RM, Chan E, Kannourakis G, Findlay JK, Ahmed N. The Many Facets of Metzincins and Their Endogenous Inhibitors: Perspectives on Ovarian Cancer Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E450. [PMID: 29393911 PMCID: PMC5855672 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Approximately sixty per cent of ovarian cancer patients die within the first five years of diagnosis due to recurrence associated with chemoresistance. The metzincin family of metalloproteinases is enzymes involved in matrix remodeling in response to normal physiological changes and diseased states. Recently, there has been a mounting awareness of these proteinases and their endogenous inhibitors, the tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), as superb modulators of cellular communication and signaling regulating key biological processes in cancer progression. This review investigates the role of metzincins and their inhibitors in ovarian cancer. We propose that understanding the metzincins and TIMP biology in ovarian cancer may provide valuable insights in combating ovarian cancer progression and chemoresistance-mediated recurrence in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth M Escalona
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia.
- The Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia.
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Ballarat, VIC 3353, Australia.
| | - Emily Chan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia.
| | - George Kannourakis
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Ballarat, VIC 3353, Australia.
- Federation University Australia, Ballarat, VIC 3010, Australia.
| | - Jock K Findlay
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia.
- The Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia.
| | - Nuzhat Ahmed
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia.
- The Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia.
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Ballarat, VIC 3353, Australia.
- Federation University Australia, Ballarat, VIC 3010, Australia.
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Boehme KA, Schleicher SB, Traub F, Rolauffs B. Chondrosarcoma: A Rare Misfortune in Aging Human Cartilage? The Role of Stem and Progenitor Cells in Proliferation, Malignant Degeneration and Therapeutic Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19010311. [PMID: 29361725 PMCID: PMC5796255 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Revised: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Unlike other malignant bone tumors including osteosarcomas and Ewing sarcomas with a peak incidence in adolescents and young adults, conventional and dedifferentiated chondrosarcomas mainly affect people in the 4th to 7th decade of life. To date, the cell type of chondrosarcoma origin is not clearly defined. However, it seems that mesenchymal stem and progenitor cells (MSPC) in the bone marrow facing a pro-proliferative as well as predominantly chondrogenic differentiation milieu, as is implicated in early stage osteoarthritis (OA) at that age, are the source of chondrosarcoma genesis. But how can MSPC become malignant? Indeed, only one person in 1,000,000 will develop a chondrosarcoma, whereas the incidence of OA is a thousandfold higher. This means a rare coincidence of factors allowing escape from senescence and apoptosis together with induction of angiogenesis and migration is needed to generate a chondrosarcoma. At early stages, chondrosarcomas are still assumed to be an intermediate type of tumor which rarely metastasizes. Unfortunately, advanced stages show a pronounced resistance both against chemo- and radiation-therapy and frequently metastasize. In this review, we elucidate signaling pathways involved in the genesis and therapeutic resistance of chondrosarcomas with a focus on MSPC compared to signaling in articular cartilage (AC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen A Boehme
- G.E.R.N. Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Center-Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, 79108 Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Sabine B Schleicher
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Children's Hospital, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
| | - Frank Traub
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
| | - Bernd Rolauffs
- G.E.R.N. Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Center-Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, 79108 Freiburg, Germany.
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Qiu GZ, Jin MZ, Dai JX, Sun W, Feng JH, Jin WL. Reprogramming of the Tumor in the Hypoxic Niche: The Emerging Concept and Associated Therapeutic Strategies. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2017; 38:669-686. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 05/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Suchorska WM, Augustyniak E, Richter M, Łukjanow M, Filas V, Kaczmarczyk J, Trzeciak T. Modified methods for efficiently differentiating human embryonic stem cells into chondrocyte-like cells. POSTEP HIG MED DOSW 2017; 71:500-509. [PMID: 28665279 DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0010.3831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Human articular cartilage has a poor regenerative capacity. This often results in the serious joint disease- osteoarthritis (OA) that is characterized by cartilage degradation. An inability to self-repair provided extensive studies on AC regeneration. The cell-based cartilage tissue engineering is a promising approach for cartilage regeneration. So far, numerous cell types have been reported to show chondrogenic potential, among others human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). MATERIALS AND METHODS However, the currently used methods for directed differentiation of human ESCs into chondrocyte-like cells via embryoid body (EB) formation, micromass culture (MC) and pellet culture (PC) are not highly efficient and require further improvement. In the present study, these three methods for hESCs differentiation into chondrocyte-like cells in the presence of chondrogenic medium supplemented with diverse combination of growth factors (GFs) were evaluated and modified. RESULTS The protocols established here allow highly efficient, simple and inexpensive production of a large number of chondrocyte-like cells suitable for transplantation into the sites of cartilage injury. The most crucial issue is the selection of appropriate GFs in defined concentration. The obtained stem-derived cells reveal the presence of chondrogenic markers such as type II collagen, Sox6 and Sox9 as well as the lack or significantly lower level of pluripotency markers including Nanog and Oct3/4. DISCUSSION The most efficient method is the differentiation throughout embryoid bodies. In turn, chondrogenic differentiation via pellet culture is the most promising method for implementation on clinical scale. The most useful GFs are TGF-β1, -3 and BMP-2 that possess the most chondrogenic potential. These methods can also be used to obtain chondrocyte-like cells from differentiating induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Magdalena Richter
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland
| | | | - Violetta Filas
- Pathology Department, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan, Poland Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland
| | - Jacek Kaczmarczyk
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland
| | - Tomasz Trzeciak
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland
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Evola FR, Costarella L, Pavone V, Caff G, Cannavò L, Sessa A, Avondo S, Sessa G. Biomarkers of Osteosarcoma, Chondrosarcoma, and Ewing Sarcoma. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:150. [PMID: 28439237 PMCID: PMC5383728 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most frequent malignant bone neoplasm, followed by chondrosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma. The diagnosis of bone neoplasms is generally made through histological evaluation of a biopsy. Clinical and radiological features are also important in aiding diagnosis and to complete the staging of bone cancer. In addition to these, there are several non-specific serological or specific molecular markers for bone neoplasms. In bone tumors, molecular markers increase the accuracy of the diagnosis and assist in subtyping bone tumors. Here, we review these markers and discuss their role in the diagnosis and prognosis of the three most frequent malignant bone neoplasms, namely osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, and Ewing sarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco R Evola
- Clinica Ortopedica, Dipartimento di Chirurgia, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele di CataniaCatania, Italy
| | - Luciano Costarella
- Clinica Ortopedica, Dipartimento di Chirurgia, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele di CataniaCatania, Italy
| | - Vito Pavone
- Clinica Ortopedica, Dipartimento di Chirurgia, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele di CataniaCatania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Caff
- Clinica Ortopedica, Dipartimento di Chirurgia, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele di CataniaCatania, Italy
| | - Luca Cannavò
- Clinica Ortopedica, Dipartimento di Chirurgia, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele di CataniaCatania, Italy
| | - Andrea Sessa
- Clinica Ortopedica, Dipartimento di Chirurgia, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele di CataniaCatania, Italy
| | - Sergio Avondo
- Clinica Ortopedica, Dipartimento di Chirurgia, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele di CataniaCatania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sessa
- Clinica Ortopedica, Dipartimento di Chirurgia, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele di CataniaCatania, Italy
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Li P, Deng J, Wei X, Jayasuriya CT, Zhou J, Chen Q, Zhang J, Wei L, Wei F. Blockade of hypoxia-induced CXCR4 with AMD3100 inhibits production of OA-associated catabolic mediators IL-1β and MMP-13. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:1475-82. [PMID: 27356492 PMCID: PMC4940083 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Binding of the chemokine stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) to its receptor C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) results in receptor activation and the subsequent release of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) that contribute to osteoarthritis (OA) cartilage degradation. As hypoxia is a defining feature of the chondrocyte microenvironment, the present study investigated the possible mechanism through which SDF‑1 induces cartilage degradation under hypoxic conditions. To do this, OA chondrocyte cultures and patient tissue explants pretreated with the CXCR4 inhibitor, AMD3100 were incubated with SDF‑1. It was identified that hypoxic conditions significantly elevated the expression of CXCR4 in osteoarthritic chondrocytes relative to normoxic conditions. Furthermore, SDF‑1 elevated MMP‑13 mRNA levels and proteinase activity. It also elevated the mRNA and protein levels of runt‑related transcription factor 2, and induced the release of glycosaminoglycans and the inflammatory cytokine, interleukin‑1β. By contrast, such changes did not occur to an appreciable degree in cells that were pretreated with AMD3100. The results of the present study demonstrate that even under hypoxic conditions, where CXCR4 expression is significantly elevated in chondrocytes, AMD3100 effectively blocks this receptor and protects chondrocytes from OA‑induced catabolism, suggesting that the successful inhibition of CXCR4 may be an effective approach for OA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcui Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001
| | - Jin Deng
- Department of Emergency, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
| | - Xiaochun Wei
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001
| | - Chathuraka T. Jayasuriya
- Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Jingming Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Jianzhong Zhang
- Foot and Ankle Orthopaedic Surgery Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Lei Wei
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001
- Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Fangyuan Wei
- Foot and Ankle Orthopaedic Surgery Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
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Shi X, Guo LW, Seedial S, Takayama T, Wang B, Zhang M, Franco SR, Si Y, Chaudhary MA, Liu B, Kent KC. Local CXCR4 Upregulation in the Injured Arterial Wall Contributes to Intimal Hyperplasia. Stem Cells 2016; 34:2744-2757. [PMID: 27340942 PMCID: PMC5113668 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
CXCR4 is a stem/progenitor cell surface receptor specific for the cytokine stromal cell‐derived factor‐1 (SDF‐1α). There is evidence that bone marrow‐derived CXCR4‐expressing cells contribute to intimal hyperplasia (IH) by homing to the arterial subintima which is enriched with SDF‐1α. We have previously found that transforming growth factor‐β (TGFβ) and its signaling protein Smad3 are both upregulated following arterial injury and that TGFβ/Smad3 enhances the expression of CXCR4 in vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). It remains unknown, however, whether locally induced CXCR4 expression in SM22 expressing vascular SMCs plays a role in neointima formation. Here, we investigated whether elevated TGFβ/Smad3 signaling leads to the induction of CXCR4 expression locally in the injured arterial wall, thereby contributing to IH. We found prominent CXCR4 upregulation (mRNA, 60‐fold; protein, 4‐fold) in TGFβ‐treated, Smad3‐expressing SMCs. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays revealed a specific association of the transcription factor Smad3 with the CXCR4 promoter. TGFβ/Smad3 treatment also markedly enhanced SDF‐1α‐induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation as well as SMC migration in a CXCR4‐dependent manner. Adenoviral expression of Smad3 in balloon‐injured rat carotid arteries increased local CXCR4 levels and enhanced IH, whereas SMC‐specific depletion of CXCR4 in the wire‐injured mouse femoral arterial wall produced a 60% reduction in IH. Our results provide the first evidence that upregulation of TGFβ/Smad3 in injured arteries induces local SMC CXCR4 expression and cell migration, and consequently IH. The Smad3/CXCR4 pathway may provide a potential target for therapeutic interventions to prevent restenosis. Stem Cells2016;34:2744–2757
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Shi
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Lian-Wang Guo
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Stephen Seedial
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Toshio Takayama
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Bowen Wang
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Mengxue Zhang
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Sarah R Franco
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Yi Si
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Mirnal A Chaudhary
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - K Craig Kent
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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Allami RH, Graf C, Martchenko K, Voss B, Becker M, Berger MR, Galle PR, Theobald M, Wehler TC, Schimanski CC. Analysis of the expression of SDF-1 splicing variants in human colorectal cancer and normal mucosa tissues. Oncol Lett 2016; 11:1873-1878. [PMID: 26998092 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12), also termed stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) is a small protein 8-14 kDa in length that is expressed as six isoforms, consisting of SDF-1α, SDF-1β, SDF-1γ, SDF-1δ, SDF-1ε and SDF-1θ. All six isoforms are encoded by the single CXCL12 gene on chromosome 10. This gene regulates leukocyte trafficking and is variably expressed in a number of normal and cancer tissues. The potential role of the novel CXCL12 splice variants as components of the CXCR4 axis in cancer development is not fully understood. The present study aimed to analyze the expression profile of the various SDF-1 isoforms and SDF-1 polymorphisms, and the association with the clinicopathological features and overall survival of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). SDF-1 polymorphism analysis was performed using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis in 73 histologically confirmed human CRC tissue samples at various stages of disease. The expression pattern of the SDF-1 isoforms was analyzed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction in 40 histologically confirmed human CRC tissue samples obtained at various stages of disease, as well as in matched adjacent normal mucosa samples. The presence of the CXCL12 gene polymorphism rs1801157 demonstrated an association with local progression of the primary tumor, as indicated by the T stage. The frequency of the GG genotype was slightly increased in patients with stage 3 and 4 tumors (78.0%) compared with the incidence of the GA/AA genotype (69.5%; P=0.067). The expression of SDF-1β was associated with the presence of metastases (P=0.0656) and the expression of SDF-1γ was significantly associated with tumor size (P=0.0423). The present study is the first to analyze the association between the expression profile of the chemokine CXCL12 splice variants in human CRC tissues and their clinical relevance. The present results reveal that the CXCL12 G801A polymorphism is a low-penetrance risk factor for the development of CRC, and was associated with the T stage. All six isoforms of SDF-1 were expressed in CRC tissues. The expression of SDF-1β was found to be associated with metastases and SDF-1γ appears to be a possible tumor marker for local tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Risala Hussain Allami
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg University Hospital of Mainz, D-55130 Mainz, Germany
| | - Claudine Graf
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg University Hospital of Mainz, D-55130 Mainz, Germany
| | - Ksenia Martchenko
- Department of Internal Medicine, Marienhospital Darmstadt, D-64285 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Beatrice Voss
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg University Hospital of Mainz, D-55130 Mainz, Germany
| | - Marc Becker
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg University Hospital of Mainz, D-55130 Mainz, Germany
| | - Martin R Berger
- Research Group Toxicology and Chemotherapy, German Cancer Research Center, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter R Galle
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg University Hospital of Mainz, D-55130 Mainz, Germany
| | - Matthias Theobald
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg University Hospital of Mainz, D-55130 Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas C Wehler
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg University Hospital of Mainz, D-55130 Mainz, Germany
| | - Carl C Schimanski
- Department of Internal Medicine, Marienhospital Darmstadt, D-64285 Darmstadt, Germany
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Influence of the C5a–C5a receptor system on breast cancer progression and patient prognosis. Breast Cancer 2015; 23:876-885. [DOI: 10.1007/s12282-015-0654-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Wang L, Li X, Zhao Y, Fang C, Lian Y, Gou W, Han T, Zhu X. Insights into the mechanism of CXCL12-mediated signaling in trophoblast functions and placental angiogenesis. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2015; 47:663-72. [PMID: 26188201 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmv064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The chemokine CXCL12 and its receptor CXCR4 are important signaling components required for human blastocyst implantation and the progression of pregnancy. Growing evidence indicates that the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis can regulate trophoblast function and uterine spiral artery remodeling, which plays a fundamental role in placentation and fetal outcome. The orphan receptor CXCR7 is also believed to partly regulate the function of the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis. Additionally, the CXCL12/CXCR4/CXCR7 axis can enhance the cross-talk between trophoblasts and decidual cells such as uterine natural killer cells and decidual stromal cells which are involved in regulation of trophoblast differentiation and invasion and placental angiogenesis. In addition, recent studies proved that CXCL12 expression is elevated in the placenta and mid-trimester amniotic fluid of pregnant women with preeclampsia, implying that dysregulation of CXCL12 plays a role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. Further understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of CXCL12-mediated signaling in trophoblast functions and placental angiogenesis may help to design novel therapeutic approaches for pregnancy-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tangdu Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, China The First Student Brigade, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Xueyi Li
- Department of Clinical Immunology, PLA Specialized Research Institute of Rheumatism & Immunity, Xi-jing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yilin Zhao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, China
| | - Chao Fang
- Institute of Neurosciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yingli Lian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tangdu Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, China
| | - Wenli Gou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Tao Han
- Department of Orthopedics, Hainan Branch of PLA General Hospital, Sanya 572013, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tangdu Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, China
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Cavallero S, Shen H, Yi C, Lien CL, Kumar SR, Sucov HM. CXCL12 Signaling Is Essential for Maturation of the Ventricular Coronary Endothelial Plexus and Establishment of Functional Coronary Circulation. Dev Cell 2015; 33:469-77. [PMID: 26017771 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2015.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Revised: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Maturation of a vascular plexus is a critical and yet incompletely understood process in organ development, and known maturation factors act universally in all vascular beds. In this study, we show that CXCL12 is an organ-specific maturation factor of particular relevance in coronary arterial vasculature. In vitro, CXCL12 does not influence nascent vessel formation, but promotes higher-order complexity of preinitiated vessels. In the heart, CXCL12 is expressed principally by the epicardium, and its receptor CXCR4 is expressed by coronary endothelial cells. CXCL12 is not a chemotactic signal for endothelial cell migration, but rather acts in a paracrine manner to influence the maturation of the coronary vascular plexus. Mutants in CXCL12 signaling show an excess of immature capillary chains and a selective failure in arterial maturation, and become leaky with the onset of coronary perfusion. Failed maturation of the coronary system explains the late-gestation lethality of these mutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Cavallero
- Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
| | - Hua Shen
- Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Christopher Yi
- Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Ching-Ling Lien
- Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; Saban Research Institute of Children's Hospital, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
| | - S Ram Kumar
- Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Henry M Sucov
- Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
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Thomas N, Li P, Fleming BC, Chen Q, Wei X, Pan XH, Wei L, Wei L. Attenuation of cartilage pathogenesis in post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) in mice by blocking the stromal derived factor 1 receptor (CXCR4) with the specific inhibitor, AMD3100. J Orthop Res 2015; 33:1071-8. [PMID: 25732515 PMCID: PMC4557642 DOI: 10.1002/jor.22862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 02/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
SDF-1 was found to infiltrate cartilage, decrease proteoglycan content, and increase MMP-13 activity after joint trauma. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that interference of the SDF-1/CXCR4 signaling pathway via AMD3100 can attenuate pathogenesis in a mouse model of PTOA. We also tested the predictive and confirmatory power of fluorescence molecular tomography (FMT) for cartilage assessment. AMD3100 was continuously delivered via mini-osmotic pumps. The extent of cartilage damage after AMD3100 or PBS treatment was assessed by histological analysis 2 months after PTOA was induced by surgical destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM). Biochemical markers of PTOA were assessed via immunohistochemistry and in vivo fluorescence molecular tomography (FMT). Regression analysis was used to validate the predictive power of FMT measurements. Safranin-O staining revealed significant PTOA damage in the DMM/PBS mice, while the DMM/AMD3100 treated mice showed a significantly reduced response with minimal pathology. Immunohistochemistry showed that AMD3100 treatment markedly reduced typical PTOA marker expression in chondrocytes. FMT measurements showed decreased cathepsins and MMP activity in knee joints after treatment. The results demonstrate that AMD3100 treatment attenuates PTOA. AMD3100 may provide a viable and expedient option for PTOA therapy given the drug's FDA approval and well-known safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Thomas
- Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University/RIH, CORO West, Suite 402H, 1 Hoppin Street, Providence RI 02903
| | - Pengcui Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University/RIH, CORO West, Suite 402H, 1 Hoppin Street, Providence RI 02903.,Department of Orthopaedics, the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University; Shanxi Key Lab of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair. Taiyuan, China
| | - Braden C. Fleming
- Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University/RIH, CORO West, Suite 402H, 1 Hoppin Street, Providence RI 02903
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University/RIH, CORO West, Suite 402H, 1 Hoppin Street, Providence RI 02903
| | - Xiaochun Wei
- Department of Orthopaedics, the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University; Shanxi Key Lab of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair. Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiao-Hua Pan
- Department of Orthopedics, Shenzhen Second Hospital. Shenzhen, China
| | - Lei Wei
- Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University/RIH, CORO West, Suite 402H, 1 Hoppin Street, Providence RI 02903.,Department of Orthopaedics, the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University; Shanxi Key Lab of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair. Taiyuan, China., Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; ; Tel.: +1-401-793-8384; Fax: +1-401-444-6140
| | - Lei Wei
- Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University/RIH, CORO West, Suite 402H, 1 Hoppin Street, Providence, Rhode Island, 02903.,Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Key Lab of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Taiyuan, China
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Sun X, Charbonneau C, Wei L, Chen Q, Terek RM. miR-181a Targets RGS16 to Promote Chondrosarcoma Growth, Angiogenesis, and Metastasis. Mol Cancer Res 2015; 13:1347-57. [PMID: 26013170 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-14-0697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Chondrosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone tumor in adults, has no effective systemic treatment, and patients with this disease have poor survival. Altered expression of microRNA (miR) is involved in tumorigenesis; however, its role in chondrosarcoma is undetermined. miR-181a is overexpressed in high-grade chondrosarcoma, is upregulated by hypoxia, and increases VEGF expression. Here, the purpose was to determine the mechanism of miR-181a regulation of VEGF, determine whether miR-181a overexpression promotes tumor progression, and to evaluate an antagomir-based approach for chondrosarcoma treatment. Therapeutic inhibition of miR-181a decreased expression of VEGF and MMP1 in vitro, and angiogenesis, MMP1 activity, tumor growth, and lung metastasis, all by more than 50%, in a xenograft mouse model. A target of miR-181a is a regulator of G-protein signaling 16 (RGS16), a negative regulator of CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) signaling. CXCR4 signaling is increased in chondrosarcoma, its expression is also increased by hypoxia, and is associated with angiogenesis and metastasis; however, receptor blockade is only partially effective. RGS16 expression is restored after miR-181a inhibition and partially accounts for the antiangiogenic and antimetastatic effects of miR-181a inhibition. These data establish miR-181a as an oncomiR that promotes chondrosarcoma progression through a new mechanism involving enhancement of CXCR4 signaling by inhibition of RGS16. IMPLICATIONS Targeting miR-181a can inhibit tumor angiogenesis, growth, and metastasis, thus suggesting the possibility of antagomir-based therapy in chondrosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
| | | | - Lei Wei
- Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Richard M Terek
- Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island. Providence Veterans Administration Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island.
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Panneerselvam J, Jin J, Shanker M, Lauderdale J, Bates J, Wang Q, Zhao YD, Archibald SJ, Hubin TJ, Ramesh R. IL-24 inhibits lung cancer cell migration and invasion by disrupting the SDF-1/CXCR4 signaling axis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0122439. [PMID: 25775124 PMCID: PMC4361489 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The stromal cell derived factor (SDF)-1/chemokine receptor (CXCR)-4 signaling pathway plays a key role in lung cancer metastasis and is molecular target for therapy. In the present study we investigated whether interleukin (IL)-24 can inhibit the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis and suppress lung cancer cell migration and invasion in vitro. Further, the efficacy of IL-24 in combination with CXCR4 antagonists was investigated. Methods Human H1299, A549, H460 and HCC827 lung cancer cell lines were used in the present study. The H1299 lung cancer cell line was stably transfected with doxycycline-inducible plasmid expression vector carrying the human IL-24 cDNA and used in the present study to determine the inhibitory effects of IL-24 on SDF-1/CXCR4 axis. H1299 and A549 cell lines were used in transient transfection studies. The inhibitory effects of IL-24 on SDF1/CXCR4 and its downstream targets were analyzed by quantitative RT-PCR, western blot, luciferase reporter assay, flow cytometry and immunocytochemistry. Functional studies included cell migration and invasion assays. Principal Findings Endogenous CXCR4 protein expression levels varied among the four human lung cancer cell lines. Doxycycline-induced IL-24 expression in the H1299-IL24 cell line resulted in reduced CXCR4 mRNA and protein expression. IL-24 post-transcriptionally regulated CXCR4 mRNA expression by decreasing the half-life of CXCR4 mRNA (>40%). Functional studies showed IL-24 inhibited tumor cell migration and invasion concomitant with reduction in CXCR4 and its downstream targets (pAKTS473, pmTORS2448, pPRAS40T246 and HIF-1α). Additionally, IL-24 inhibited tumor cell migration both in the presence and absence of the CXCR4 agonist, SDF-1. Finally, IL-24 when combined with CXCR4 inhibitors (AMD3100, SJA5) or with CXCR4 siRNA demonstrated enhanced inhibitory activity on tumor cell migration. Conclusions IL-24 disrupts the SDF-1/CXCR4 signaling pathway and inhibits lung tumor cell migration and invasion. Additionally, IL-24, when combined with CXCR4 inhibitors exhibited enhanced anti-metastatic activity and is an attractive therapeutic strategy for lung metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janani Panneerselvam
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Jiankang Jin
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Manish Shanker
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Jason Lauderdale
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Jonathan Bates
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Yan D. Zhao
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | | | - Timothy J. Hubin
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
- Department of Chemistry, Southwestern Oklahoma State University, Weatherford, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Rajagopal Ramesh
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
- * E-mail: (RR)
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Sun X, Wei L, Chen Q, Terek RM. MicroRNA regulates vascular endothelial growth factor expression in chondrosarcoma cells. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2015; 473:907-13. [PMID: 25106798 PMCID: PMC4317450 DOI: 10.1007/s11999-014-3842-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic treatments to prevent or treat chondrosarcoma metastasis are lacking and targeted therapy has yet to be developed. Hypoxia develops in tumors as they grow and hypoxia-related alterations in gene expression underlie some of the traits of cancer. One critical trait is the ability to induce sustained angiogenesis, which is usually related to expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). A potential hypoxia-related mechanism resulting in altered gene expression involves microRNA. Little is known about microRNA expression in chondrosarcoma and its potential role in regulation of VEGF expression. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES Our purposes were (1) to determine if there is hypoxia-regulated microRNA overexpressed in chondrosarcoma; (2) if that contributes to increased VEGF expression; and (3) can VEGF expression be inhibited with a specific antagomir? METHODS MicroRNA expression was analyzed in two primary human chondrosarcomas and articular cartilage using array analysis and a cutoff of a fourfold difference in expression between tumor and normal tissue. The effects of hypoxia and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) transfection and silencing with siRNA on expression of candidate microRNAs were analyzed in chondrosarcoma cell line JJ. VEGF expression was measured with quantitative polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay after specific microRNA transfection and knockdown. RESULTS miR-181a was identified by array analysis and confirmed with quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, which showed that miR-181a was overexpressed in both human chondrosarcomas (33- and 55-fold) and the JJ cell line (sixfold) compared with cartilage and chondrocytes, respectively. In vitro, hypoxia and HIF-1α transfection each further increased miR-181a expression twofold in JJ cells. miR-181a transfection of JJ cells doubled expression of VEGF mRNA and increased secreted VEGF protein by 46% in normoxia, an effect that could be either direct or indirect. Similar enhancement of VEGF expression by miR-181a was found during hypoxia. Transfection with the antagomir anti-miR-181a decreased VEGF protein by 27% in normoxia and 23% in hypoxia. CONCLUSIONS miR-181a is a hypoxia-regulated microRNA that is overexpressed in chondrosarcoma and enhances VEGF expression, an effect that could be inhibited by anti-miR-181a. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Systemic treatment options for chondrosarcoma are limited. Antiangiogenic strategies could potentially be effective in limiting tumor progression. One method of inhibiting VEGF expression and associated angiogenesis could be an antagomir-based therapy targeted at miR-181a or other oncogenic microRNAs, although methods of systemic delivery are still under development. The effectiveness of antagomirs also needs to be compared with other antiangiogenic modalities in preclinical models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Sun
- />Orthopaedic Research, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI USA
| | - Lei Wei
- />Department of Orthopaedics, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI USA
| | - Qian Chen
- />Department of Orthopaedics, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI USA
| | - Richard M. Terek
- />Department of Orthopaedics, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI USA
- />Providence Veterans Administration Medical Center, Providence, RI USA
- />Orthopaedic Oncology Laboratory, Coro West Building, Room 402B, 1 Hoppin Street, Providence, RI 02903 USA
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Identification of retinopathy of prematurity related miRNAs in hyperoxia-induced neonatal rats by deep sequencing. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 16:840-56. [PMID: 25561234 PMCID: PMC4307278 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16010840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) remains a major problem for many preterm infants. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level and have been studied in many diseases. To understand the roles of miRNAs in ROP model rats, we constructed two small RNA libraries from the plasma of hyperoxia-induced rats and normal controls. Sequencing data revealed that 44 down-regulated microRNAs and 22 up-regulated microRNAs from the hyperoxia-induced rats were identified by deep sequencing technology. Some of the differentially expressed miRNAs were confirmed by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR). A total of 594 target genes of the differentially expressed microRNAs were identified using a bioinformatics approach. Functional annotation analysis indicated that a number of pathways might be involved in angiogenesis, cell proliferation and cell differentiation, which might be involved in the genesis and development of ROP. The elevated expression level of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein in the hyperoxia-induced neonatal rats was also confirmed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). This study provides some insights into the molecular mechanisms that underlie ROP development, thereby aiding the diagnosis and treatment of this disease.
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Ma N, Pang H, Shen W, Zhang F, Cui Z, Wang J, Wang J, Liu L, Zhang H. Downregulation of CXCR4 by SDF-KDEL in SBC-5 cells inhibits their migration in vitro and organ metastasis in vivo. Int J Mol Med 2014; 35:425-32. [PMID: 25504108 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2014.2033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the principal cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer patients. The master genes that govern organ-selective metastasis remain elusive. We compared the expression levels of C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) in the human small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cells, SBC-5 and SBC-3, by flow cytometric analysis and found that CXCR4 was expressed at markedly higher levels in the SBC-5 cells which can produce multiple organ metastasis, particularly bone metastasis compared to the SBC-3 cells. Stromal-derived-factor-1 (SDF-1)-CXCR4 has been shown to regulate cell migration and metastasis in a various types of cancer; however, the roles of SDF-1-CXCR4 in the organ-selective metastasis of SCLC in vivo remain to be elucidated. Thus, in this study, we constructed a phenotype of SBC-5 cells in which CXCR4 was knocked out using the intrakine strategy and found that the downregulation of CXCR4 inhibited cell migration and invasion, but did not affect cell proliferation or apoptosis in vitro. In in vivo experiments, the knockout of CXCR4 suppressed the development of metastastic lesions in the lungs, liver and bone, but did not decrease metastasis to the kidneys. Our data demonstrate that CXCR4 is a candidate gene involved in the development of metastastic lesions in specific organs, such as the lungs, bone and liver, which can secrete high concentrations of SDF-1, the sole ligand of CXCR4. Thus, CXCR4 may prove to be a promising target for the prevention and effective treatment of metastastic lesions due to SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningqiang Ma
- Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, P.R. China
| | - Hailin Pang
- Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, P.R. China
| | - Weiwei Shen
- Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, P.R. China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, P.R. China
| | - Zaoxun Cui
- Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, P.R. China
| | - Junyan Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, P.R. China
| | - Jianlin Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Lili Liu
- Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, P.R. China
| | - Helong Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, P.R. China
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Zhang S, Ren M, Zeng X, He P, Ma X, Qiao S. Leucine stimulates ASCT2 amino acid transporter expression in porcine jejunal epithelial cell line (IPEC-J2) through PI3K/Akt/mTOR and ERK signaling pathways. Amino Acids 2014; 46:2633-42. [PMID: 25063204 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-014-1809-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Leucine has been shown to influence intestinal protein metabolism, cell proliferation and migration. Furthermore, our previous study demonstrated that branched-chain amino acids could modulate the intestinal amino acid and peptide transporters in vivo. As the possible mechanisms are still largely unknown, in the present work, we studied the transcriptional and translational regulation of leucine on amino acid transporter production in IPEC-J2 cells and the signaling pathways involved. Treatment of IPEC-J2 cells with 7.5 mM leucine enhanced the mRNA expression of the Na(+)-neutral AA exchanger 2 (ASCT2) and 4F2 heavy chain (4F2hc) and caused an increase in ASCT2 protein expression. Leucine also activated phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 and eIF4E through the phosphorylation of mTOR, Akt and ERK signaling pathways in IPEC-J2 cells. Pre-treatment of IPEC-J2 cells with inhibitors of mTOR and Akt (rapamycin and wortmannin) or an inhibitor of ERK (PD098059) for 30 min before leucine treatment attenuated the positive effect of leucine in enhancing the protein abundance of ASCT2. These results demonstrate that leucine could up-regulate the expression of the amino acid transporters (ASCT2) through transcriptional and translational regulation by ERK and PI3K/Akt/mTOR activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture Feed Industry Centre, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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Ho IAW, Yulyana Y, Sia KC, Newman JP, Guo CM, Hui KM, Lam PYP. Matrix metalloproteinase-1-mediated mesenchymal stem cell tumor tropism is dependent on crosstalk with stromal derived growth factor 1/C-X-C chemokine receptor 4 axis. FASEB J 2014; 28:4359-68. [PMID: 25271298 DOI: 10.1096/fj.14-252551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the unique ability to home toward injuries or tumor sites. We have previously shown that the tumor-tropic property is dependent on the intrinsic expression and activity of the matrix remodeling gene, matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP-1). Herein, crosstalk between MMP-1/protease activated receptor 1 (PAR-1) and the G-protein coupled receptor stromal-derived growth factor 1 (SDF-1)/C-X-C chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR-4) in facilitating cell migration was investigated. Gain-of-function and RNA interference (RNAi) technology were used to evaluate the interplay between the key players. The downstream effect on the tumor-tropic migration of MSCs was investigated using modified Boyden chamber assay. Neutralizing PAR-1 activation using monoclonal antibody and targeted knockdown of MMP-1 using RNAi resulted in decreased expression of SDF-1, which was not observed in control-RNAi-transfected cells. Overexpression of CXCR-4 failed to promote MSC migration; the percentage of migrated cells toward tumor cell conditioned medium was similar to the vector-transduced and the CXCR-4-transduced MSCs. Furthermore, inhibition of SDF-1/CXCR-4 signaling using AMD3100 reduced MSC migration through the deregulation of MMP-1 promoter activities, protein expression, and metalloproteinase activity. Collectively, our results showed that MMP-1-mediated MSC tumor tropism is dependent on crosstalk with the SDF-1/CXCR-4 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Chang M Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Kam M Hui
- Bek Chai Heah Laboratory of Cancer Genomics, Cellular and Molecular Research Division, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre, Singapore; Cancer and Stem Cells Biology Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, and Department of Biochemistry and Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Paula Y P Lam
- Laboratory of Cancer Gene Therapy and Cancer and Stem Cells Biology Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, and Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; and
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Bianco AM, Uno M, Oba-Shinjo SM, Clara CA, de Almeida Galatro TF, Rosemberg S, Teixeira MJ, Nagahashi Marie SK. CXCR7 and CXCR4 Expressions in Infiltrative Astrocytomas and Their Interactions with HIF1α Expression and IDH1 Mutation. Pathol Oncol Res 2014; 21:229-40. [PMID: 24970694 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-014-9813-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The CXCR7, a new receptor for CXCL12 with higher affinity than CXCR4 has raised key issues on glioma cell migration. The aim of this study is to investigate the CXCR7 mRNA expression in diffuse astrocytomas tissues and to evaluate its interactions with CXCR4 and HIF1α expression and IDH1 mutation. CXCR7, CXCR4 and HIF1α mRNA expression were evaluated in 129 frozen samples of astrocytomas. IDH1 mutation status was analyzed with gene expressions, matched with clinicopathological parameters and overall survival time. Protein expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry in different grades of astrocytoma and in glioma cell line (U87MG) by confocal microscopy. There was significant difference in the expression levels of the genes studied between astrocytomas and non-neoplasic (NN) controls (p < 0.001). AGII showed no significant correlation between CXCR7/HIF1α (p = 0.548); there was significant correlation between CXCR7/CXCR4 (p = 0.042) and CXCR7/IDH1 (p = 0.008). GBM showed significant correlations between CXCR7/CXCR4 (p = 0.002), CXCR7/IDH1 (p < 0.001) and CXCR7/HIF1α (p = 0.008). HIF1α overexpression was associated with higher expressions of CXCR7 (p = 0.01) and CXCR4 (p < 0.0001), while IDH1 mutation was associated with lower CXCR7 (p = 0.009) and CXCR4 (p = 0.0005) mRNA expressions. Protein expression increased with malignancy and in U87MG cell line was mainly localized in the cellular membrane. CXCR7 was overexpressed in astrocytoma and correlates with CXCR4 and IDH1 in AGII and CXCR4, IDH1 and HIF1α in GBM. Overexpression HIF1α was related with higher expressions of CXCR7 and CXCR4, otherwise IDH1 mutation related with lower expression of both genes. No association between CXCR7 and CXCR4 expression and survival data was related.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andre Macedo Bianco
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, LIM15 Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, 4th floor, r.4110, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil, 01246-903,
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Montoya-Rodríguez A, Milán-Carrillo J, Dia VP, Reyes-Moreno C, González de Mejía E. Pepsin-pancreatin protein hydrolysates from extruded amaranth inhibit markers of atherosclerosis in LPS-induced THP-1 macrophages-like human cells by reducing expression of proteins in LOX-1 signaling pathway. Proteome Sci 2014; 12:30. [PMID: 24891839 PMCID: PMC4041052 DOI: 10.1186/1477-5956-12-30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis is considered a progressive disease that affects arteries that bring blood to the heart, to the brain and to the lower end. It derives from endothelial dysfunction and inflammation, which play an important role in the thrombotic complications of atherosclerosis. Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death around the world and one factor that can contribute to its progression and prevention is diet. Our previous study found that amaranth hydrolysates inhibited LPS-induced inflammation in human and mouse macrophages by preventing activation of NF-κB signaling. Furthermore, extrusion improved the anti-inflammatory effect of amaranth protein hydrolysates in both cell lines, probably attributed to the production of bioactive peptides during processing. Therefore, the objective of this study was to compare the anti-atherosclerotic potential of pepsin-pancreatin hydrolysates from unprocessed and extruded amaranth in THP-1 lipopolysaccharide-induced human macrophages and suggest the mechanism of action. RESULTS Unprocessed amaranth hydrolysate (UAH) and extruded amaranth hydrolysate (EAH) showed a significant reduction in the expression of interleukin-4 (IL-4) (69% and 100%, respectively), interleukin-6 (IL-6) (64% and 52%, respectively), interleukin-22 (IL-22) (55% and 70%, respectively). Likewise, UAH and EAH showed a reduction in the expression of monocyte-chemo attractant protein-1 (MCP-1) (35% and 42%, respectively), transferrin receptor-1 (TfR-1) (48% and 61%, respectively), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) (59% and 63%, respectively), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) (60% and 63%, respectively). Also, EAH reduced the expression of lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1) (27%), intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) (28%) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) (19%), important molecular markers in the atherosclerosis pathway. EAH, led to a reduction of 58, 52 and 79% for LOX-1, ICAM-1 and MMP-9, respectively, by confocal microscopy. CONCLUSIONS Extruded amaranth hydrolysate showed potential anti-atherosclerotic effect in LPS-induced THP-1 human macrophage-like cells by reducing the expression of proteins associated with LOX-1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Montoya-Rodríguez
- Programa Regional del Noroeste para el Doctorado en Biotecnología, FCQB-UAS, Ciudad Universitaria, AP 1354, Culiacán, Sinaloa CP 80000, México
- Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 228 ERML, MC-051, 1201 West, Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Jorge Milán-Carrillo
- Programa Regional del Noroeste para el Doctorado en Biotecnología, FCQB-UAS, Ciudad Universitaria, AP 1354, Culiacán, Sinaloa CP 80000, México
| | - Vermont P Dia
- Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 228 ERML, MC-051, 1201 West, Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Cuauhtémoc Reyes-Moreno
- Programa Regional del Noroeste para el Doctorado en Biotecnología, FCQB-UAS, Ciudad Universitaria, AP 1354, Culiacán, Sinaloa CP 80000, México
| | - Elvira González de Mejía
- Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 228 ERML, MC-051, 1201 West, Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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Leconte M, Chouzenoux S, Nicco C, Chéreau C, Arkwright S, Santulli P, Weill B, Chapron C, Dousset B, Batteux F. Role of the CXCL12-CXCR4 axis in the development of deep rectal endometriosis. J Reprod Immunol 2014; 103:45-52. [PMID: 24534089 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2013.12.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Immunological and angiogenetic factors enhance the implantation of endometrial cells in the peritoneal cavity. The aim of this work was to determine the role of the CXCL12-CXCR4 axis in the attraction and the peritoneal implantation of endometriotic stromal cells in deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE). Biopsies of DIE nodules were obtained from 14 patients undergoing surgical treatment for DIE with low rectal involvement and from 12 patients without macroscopic endometriosis undergoing laparoscopy. CXCR4 expression was evaluated by Western blot analysis and flow cytometry in eutopic endometrial cells and DIE stromal cells in primary cultures derived from the biopsies. CXCL12-induced migration of DIE eutopic endometrial stromal cells was evaluated by transwell migration. CXCL12 was assayed in peritoneal fluids by ELISA. CXCR4 expression was higher in eutopic endometrial stromal cells than in control endometrial cells (p<0.05) and in DIE stromal cells (p<0.05). Eutopic endometrial stromal cells were more attracted by CXCL12 than control cells (p<0.01). CXCL12 was higher in DIE peritoneal fluids than in controls (p<0.05). CXCR4 was down-regulated in deep infiltrating endometriotic stromal cells. The CXCL12-CXCR4 axis plays a role in the attraction of eutopic endometrial cells into the peritoneal cavity, and the down-regulation of CXCR4 in resident endometriotic cells could cause their arrest in situ.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Leconte
- Laboratory of Immunology, EA 1833, Université Paris Descartes, Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France; Department of Digestive and Endocrine Surgery, Université Paris Descartes, Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - S Chouzenoux
- Laboratory of Immunology, EA 1833, Université Paris Descartes, Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - C Nicco
- Laboratory of Immunology, EA 1833, Université Paris Descartes, Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - C Chéreau
- Laboratory of Immunology, EA 1833, Université Paris Descartes, Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - S Arkwright
- Department of Pathology, Université Paris Descartes, Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - P Santulli
- Laboratory of Immunology, EA 1833, Université Paris Descartes, Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France; Department of Gynecology Obstetrics II and Reproductive Medicine, Université Paris Descartes, Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - B Weill
- Laboratory of Immunology, EA 1833, Université Paris Descartes, Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - C Chapron
- Department of Gynecology Obstetrics II and Reproductive Medicine, Université Paris Descartes, Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - B Dousset
- Department of Digestive and Endocrine Surgery, Université Paris Descartes, Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - F Batteux
- Laboratory of Immunology, EA 1833, Université Paris Descartes, Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France.
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Cojoc M, Peitzsch C, Trautmann F, Polishchuk L, Telegeev GD, Dubrovska A. Emerging targets in cancer management: role of the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis. Onco Targets Ther 2013; 6:1347-61. [PMID: 24124379 PMCID: PMC3794844 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s36109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemokine CXCL12 (SDF-1) and its cell surface receptor CXCR4 were first identified as regulators of lymphocyte trafficking to the bone marrow. Soon after, the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis was proposed to regulate the trafficking of breast cancer cells to sites of metastasis. More recently, it was established that CXCR4 plays a central role in cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and dissemination in the majority of malignant diseases. The stem cell concept of cancer has revolutionized the understanding of tumorigenesis and cancer treatment. A growing body of evidence indicates that a subset of cancer cells, referred to as cancer stem cells (CSCs), plays a critical role in tumor initiation, metastatic colonization, and resistance to therapy. Although the signals generated by the metastatic niche that regulate CSCs are not yet fully understood, accumulating evidence suggests a key role of the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis. In this review we focus on physiological functions of the CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling pathway and its role in cancer and CSCs, and we discuss the potential for targeting this pathway in cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Cojoc
- OncoRay National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
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50
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Sun X, Charbonneau C, Wei L, Yang W, Chen Q, Terek RM. CXCR4-targeted therapy inhibits VEGF expression and chondrosarcoma angiogenesis and metastasis. Mol Cancer Ther 2013; 12:1163-70. [PMID: 23686836 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-12-1092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Chondrosarcoma is notable for its lack of response to conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy, propensity for developing lung metastases, and poor survival. Therefore, a better understanding of angiogenic and metastatic pathways is needed. Multiple pathways regulate angiogenesis and metastasis, including chemokines and their receptors. In this study, we investigated chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4 (CXCR4) signaling in chondrosarcoma and tested the hypotheses that CXCR4 inhibition suppresses tumor angiogenesis and metastasis. CXCR4 expression, analyzed by real-time PCR and Western blot, was increased in human chondrosarcoma cell line JJ compared with normal chondrocytes and was further increased in JJ by hypoxia (2% O2), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA; 10 ng/mL), and in xenograft tumors in nude mice. The CXCR4 ligand CXCL12 (10 ng/mL) doubled secreted VEGFA, measured with ELISA, under hypoxic conditions and this conditioned media increased human umbilical vein endothelial cell tube formation. These effects were inhibited by CXCR4 siRNA or AMD3100 (5 μg/mL). In a xenograft mouse model, four weeks of AMD3100 treatment (1.25 mg/kg, intraperitoneally twice daily) inhibited tumor angiogenesis, tumor growth, and metastasis. VEGFA content in tumor extracts was decreased (7.19 ± 0.52 ng/mL control vs. 3.96 ± 0.66 treatment) and bioimaging of angiogenesis was decreased by 56%. Tumor volumes averaged 4.44 ± 0.68 cm(3) in control compared with 2.48 ± 0.61 cm(3) in the treatment group. The number of lung metastatic nodules was 23 ± 9 in control compared with 10 ± 6 in the treatment group (N = 8/group). Therefore, CXCR4-targeted therapy may be a treatment strategy for chondrosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Rhode Island Hospital, Coro West Building, 1 Hoppin St, Providence, RI 02903, USA.
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