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Lankin VZ, Tikhaze AK, Kosach VY. Comparative Susceptibility to Oxidation of Different Classes of Blood Plasma Lipoproteins. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2022; 87:1335-1341. [PMID: 36509725 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297922110128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The kinetics of free radical peroxidation of different classes of blood plasma lipoproteins (nanoparticles involved in lipid transport in the body) was studied. The susceptibility of atherogenic low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) to the Cu2+-initiated free radical peroxidation in vitro was found to be more than ten times higher than that of antiatherogenic high density lipoproteins (HDLs). The baseline content of acyl hydroperoxy derivatives of phospholipids (primary products of free radical peroxidation) in the outer layer of LDL particles in vivo measured per particle exceeded the baseline content of these compounds in HDL particles by more than an order of magnitude. The susceptibility to oxidation of the HDL2 subfraction of HDLs was higher than the susceptibility of total HDL fraction and HDL3 subfraction. The data obtained confirm an important role of free radical peroxidation of LDLs in the molecular mechanisms of vascular wall damage in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadim Z Lankin
- National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 121552, Russia.
| | - Alla K Tikhaze
- National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 121552, Russia
| | - Valeria Ya Kosach
- National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 121552, Russia
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Hernáez Á, Soria-Florido MT, Schröder H, Ros E, Pintó X, Estruch R, Salas-Salvadó J, Corella D, Arós F, Serra-Majem L, Martínez-González MÁ, Fiol M, Lapetra J, Elosua R, Lamuela-Raventós RM, Fitó M. Role of HDL function and LDL atherogenicity on cardiovascular risk: A comprehensive examination. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218533. [PMID: 31246976 PMCID: PMC6597156 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-density lipoprotein (HDL) functionality and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) atherogenic traits can describe the role of both particles on cardiovascular diseases more accurately than HDL- or LDL-cholesterol levels. However, it is unclear how these lipoprotein properties are particularly affected by different cardiovascular risk factors. OBJECTIVE To determine which lipoprotein properties are associated with greater cardiovascular risk scores and each cardiovascular risk factor. METHODS In two cross-sectional baseline samples of PREDIMED trial volunteers, we assessed the associations of HDL functionality (N = 296) and LDL atherogenicity traits (N = 210) with: 1) the 10-year predicted coronary risk (according to the Framingham-REGICOR score), and 2) classical cardiovascular risk factors. RESULTS Greater cardiovascular risk scores were associated with low cholesterol efflux values; oxidized, triglyceride-rich, small HDL particles; and small LDLs with low resistance against oxidation (P-trend<0.05, all). After adjusting for the rest of risk factors; 1) type-2 diabetic individuals presented smaller and more oxidized LDLs (P<0.026, all); 2) dyslipidemic participants had smaller HDLs with an impaired capacity to metabolize cholesterol (P<0.035, all); 3) high body mass index values were associated to lower HDL and LDL size and a lower HDL capacity to esterify cholesterol (P<0.037, all); 4) men presented a greater HDL oxidation and lower HDL vasodilatory capacity (P<0.046, all); and 5) greater ages were related to small, oxidized, cytotoxic LDL particles (P<0.037, all). CONCLUSIONS Dysfunctional HDL and atherogenic LDL particles are present in high cardiovascular risk patients. Dyslipidemia and male sex are predominantly linked to HDL dysfunctionality, whilst diabetes and advanced age are associated with LDL atherogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Hernáez
- Cardiovascular Risk, Nutrition and Aging Research Unit, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Blanquerna School of Life Sciences, Universitat Ramón Llull, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Trinidad Soria-Florido
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
- PhD Program in Food Sciences and Nutrition, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Helmut Schröder
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio Ros
- Cardiovascular Risk, Nutrition and Aging Research Unit, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Pintó
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine Service, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Ramón Estruch
- Cardiovascular Risk, Nutrition and Aging Research Unit, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Internal Medicine Service, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Human Nutrition Unit, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Institut d’Investigació Sanitaria Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Dolores Corella
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Fernando Arós
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario de Álava, Vitoria, Spain
| | - Lluis Serra-Majem
- Department of Clinical Sciences & Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Martínez-González
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Miquel Fiol
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Balearic Islands Health Research Institute, Hospital Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - José Lapetra
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Family Medicine, Research Unit, Distrito Sanitario Atención Primaria Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Roberto Elosua
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Genetics-REGICOR Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa María Lamuela-Raventós
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nutrition and Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Fitó
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail:
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Effect of nopales ( Opuntia spp.) on lipoprotein profile and oxidative stress among moderately hypercholesterolemic adults: A pilot study. J Funct Foods 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2016.08.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Ito M, Oishi K, Yoshida Y, Okumura T, Sato T, Naito E, Yokoi W, Sawada H. Effects of lactic acid bacteria on low-density lipoprotein susceptibility to oxidation and aortic fatty lesion formation in hyperlipidemic hamsters. Benef Microbes 2015; 6:287-93. [DOI: 10.3920/bm2014.0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of Streptococcus thermophilus YIT 2001, a strain of lactic acid bacteria, on the susceptibility of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) to oxidation and the formation of aortic fatty lesions in hyperlipidemic hamsters. S. thermophilus YIT 2001 had the highest in vitro antioxidative activity against LDL oxidation among the 79 strains of lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria tested, which was about twice that of S. thermophilus YIT 2084. The lag time of LDL oxidation in the YIT 2001 feeding group was significantly longer than in controls, but was unchanged in the YIT 2084 group. After the feeding of YIT 2001, lag times were prolonged and areas of aortic fatty lesions were dose-dependently attenuated, although there were no effects on plasma lipid levels. These results suggest that YIT 2001 has the potential to prevent the formation of aortic fatty lesions by inhibiting LDL oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Ito
- Yakult Central Institute, Yaho 1796, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo, 186-8650 Japan
| | - K. Oishi
- Yakult Honsha European Research Center for Microbiology ESV, Technologiepark 4, 9052 Gent-Zwijnaarde, Belgium
| | - Y. Yoshida
- Yakult Central Institute, Yaho 1796, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo, 186-8650 Japan
| | - T. Okumura
- Yakult Central Institute, Yaho 1796, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo, 186-8650 Japan
| | - T. Sato
- Yakult Central Institute, Yaho 1796, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo, 186-8650 Japan
| | - E. Naito
- Yakult Central Institute, Yaho 1796, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo, 186-8650 Japan
| | - W. Yokoi
- Yakult Central Institute, Yaho 1796, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo, 186-8650 Japan
| | - H. Sawada
- Yakult Central Institute, Yaho 1796, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo, 186-8650 Japan
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Harisa GI, Alanazi FK. Low density lipoprotein bionanoparticles: From cholesterol transport to delivery of anti-cancer drugs. Saudi Pharm J 2013; 22:504-15. [PMID: 25561862 PMCID: PMC4281595 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2013.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2013] [Accepted: 12/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review article, we highlight the importance of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and its implications in the field of drug delivery to cancer cells. LDL is naturally occurring bionanoparticles (BNP) with a size of 18–25 nm. These BNPs specifically transport cholesterol to cells expressing the LDL receptors (LDLRs). Several tumors overexpress LDLRs, presumably to provide cholesterol for sustaining a high rate of membrane synthesis. LDL BNPs are biocompatible and biodegradable, favorably bind hydrophobic and amphiphilic drugs, are taken up by a receptor-mediated mechanism, have a half-life of 2–4 days, and can be rerouted. Drugs can be loaded onto LDL BNPs by surface loading, core loading, and apoprotein interaction. LDL may be used as a drug carrier for treatment of atherosclerosis, cancer, and in photodynamic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamaleldin I Harisa
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industry, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia ; Department of Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University (Boys), Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fars K Alanazi
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industry, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Brucker N, Moro AM, Charão MF, Durgante J, Freitas F, Baierle M, Nascimento S, Gauer B, Bulcão RP, Bubols GB, Ferrari PD, Thiesen FV, Gioda A, Duarte MMMF, de Castro I, Saldiva PH, Garcia SC. Biomarkers of occupational exposure to air pollution, inflammation and oxidative damage in taxi drivers. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2013; 463-464:884-93. [PMID: 23872245 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.06.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2013] [Revised: 05/27/2013] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to environmental pollutants has been recognised as a risk factor for cardiovascular events. 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) is a biomarker of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from traffic-related air pollution. Experimental studies indicate that PAH exposure could be associated with inflammation and atherogenesis. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the biomarker of PAH exposure is associated with biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress and if these effects modulate the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases in workers exposed to air pollution. This study included 60 subjects, comprising 39 taxi drivers and 21 non-occupationally exposed persons. Environmental PM2.5 and benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) levels, in addition to biomarkers of exposure and oxidative damage, were determined. Inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, IFN-γ and hs-CRP) and serum levels of oxidised LDL (ox-LDL), auto-antibodies (ox-LDL-Ab) and homocysteine (Hcy) were also evaluated. PM2.5 and BaP exhibited averages of 12.4±6.9 μg m(-3) and 1.0±0.6 ng m(-3), respectively. Urinary 1-OHP levels were increased in taxi drivers compared to the non-occupationally exposed subjects (p<0.05) and were positively correlated with pro-inflammatory cytokines and negatively correlated with antioxidants. Furthermore, taxi drivers had elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines, biomarkers of oxidative damage, and ox-LDL, ox-LDL-Ab and Hcy levels, although antioxidant enzymes were decreased compared to the non-occupationally exposed subjects (p<0.05). In summary, our findings indicate that taxi drivers showed major exposure to pollutants, such as PAHs, in relation to non-occupationally exposed subjects. This finding was associated with higher inflammatory biomarkers and Hcy, which represent important predictors for cardiovascular events. These data suggest a contribution of PAHs to cardiovascular diseases upon occupational exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália Brucker
- Post-graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Laboratory of Toxicology (LATOX), Department of Clinical Analysis, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Rejeb J, Omezzine A, Rebhi L, Boumaiza I, Mabrouk H, Rhif H, Rejeb NB, Nabli N, Douki W, Abdelaziz AB, Boughzala E, Bouslama A. Association of PON1 and PON2 polymorphisms with PON1 activity and significant coronary stenosis in a Tunisian population. Biochem Genet 2012; 51:76-91. [PMID: 23053877 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-012-9544-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2011] [Accepted: 06/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PON1 and PON2 have attracted considerable attention as candidate genes for coronary heart disease because their enzymes function as key factors in lipoprotein catabolism pathways. We studied the distribution of PON1 and PON2 polymorphisms, including genotyping, lipid profile, and PON1 activity, and their association with PON1 activity and significant coronary stenosis (SCS) in a Tunisian population. PON1 activity was lower in patients with SCS than in controls. It increased with the R allele (QQ < QR < RR) in PON1-192 genotypes and with the L allele (MM < ML < LL) in PON1-55 genotypes. In the presence of metabolic syndrome and diabetes, PON1-192RR and PON2-311CC were associated with an increased risk of SCS and PON1-55MM seems to have lower risk. This association was evident among nonsmokers for PON1-55MM and among smokers for PON1-192RR and PON2-311CC. The GTGC haplotype seemed to increase the risk of SCS compared with the wild haplotype in a Tunisian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihène Rejeb
- Department of Biochemistry, UR MSP 28/04, Sahloul University Hospital, 4054, Sousse, Tunisia
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Pan SY, Yu Q, Zhang Y, Wang XY, Sun N, Yu ZL, Ko KM. Dietary Fructus Schisandrae extracts and fenofibrate regulate the serum/hepatic lipid-profile in normal and hypercholesterolemic mice, with attention to hepatotoxicity. Lipids Health Dis 2012; 11:120. [PMID: 22989092 PMCID: PMC3532177 DOI: 10.1186/1476-511x-11-120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2012] [Accepted: 09/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Schisandra, a globally distributed plant, has been widely applied to health care products. Here, we investigated the effects of dietary intake of Fructus Schisandrae chinensis (FSC), both aqueous and ethanolic extracts (AqFSC, EtFSC), on serum/hepatic lipid contents in normal diet (ND)- and high-fat/cholesterol/bile salt diet (HFCBD)-fed mice. Methods Male ICR mice were fed with ND or HFCBD, supplemented with 1 and 4% of AqFSC and EtFSC, respectively, or 0.1% fenofibrate, for 13 days. Lipids were determined according to the manufacture’s instructions. Results EtFSC, but not AqFSC, significantly elevated hepatic triglyceride (TG) in mice fed with ND. Feeding mice with HFCBD increased serum total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) levels as well as alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity. Supplementation with AqFSC, EtFSC or fenofibrate significantly reduced hepatic TC and TG levels. However, AqFSC and EtFSC supplementation increased serum HDL and LDL levels in mice fed with HFCBD. Fenofibrate increased serum HDL and reduced serum LDL contents in hypercholesterolemic mice. EtFSC reduced, but fenofibrate elevated, serum ALT activity in both normal and hypercholesterolemic mice. While fenofibrate reduced serum TC, TG, and HDL levels in mice fed with ND, it increased serum HDL and reduced serum LDL and TC levels in mice fed with HFCBD. Hepatomegaly was found in normal and hypercholesterolemic mice fed with diet supplemented with fenofibrate. Conclusions Feeding mice with AqFSC and EtFSC ameliorated the HFCBD-induced hepatic steatosis. In addition, EtFSC may offer protection against hepatic injury in hypercholesterolemic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Yuan Pan
- Department of Pharmacology, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100102, China.
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