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Sawong S, Pekthong D, Suknoppakit P, Winitchaikul T, Kaewkong W, Somran J, Intapa C, Parhira S, Srisawang P. Calotropis gigantea stem bark extracts inhibit liver cancer induced by diethylnitrosamine. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12151. [PMID: 35840761 PMCID: PMC9287404 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16321-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Several fractions of Calotropis gigantea extracts have been proposed to have potential anticancer activity in many cancer models. The present study evaluated the anticancer activity of C. gigantea stem bark extracts in liver cancer HepG2 cells and diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced primary liver cancer in rats. The carcinogenesis model induced by DEN administration has been widely used to study pathophysiological features and responses in rats that are comparable to those seen in cancer patients. The dichloromethane (CGDCM), ethyl acetate, and water fractions obtained from partitioning crude ethanolic extract were quantitatively analyzed for several groups of secondary metabolites and calactin contents. A combination of C. gigantea stem bark extracts with doxorubicin (DOX) was assessed in this study to demonstrate the enhanced cytotoxic effect to cancer compared to the single administration. The combination of DOX and CGDCM, which had the most potential cytotoxic effect in HepG2 cells when compared to the other three fractions, significantly increased cytotoxicity through the apoptotic effect with increased caspase-3 expression. This combination treatment also reduced ATP levels, implying a correlation between ATP and apoptosis induction. In a rat model of DEN-induced liver cancer, treatment with DOX, C. gigantea at low (CGDCM-L) and high (CGDCM-H) doses, and DOX + CGDCM-H for 4 weeks decreased the progression of liver cancer by lowering the liver weight/body weight ratio and the occurrence of liver hyperplastic nodules, fibrosis, and proliferative cells. The therapeutic applications lowered TNF-α, IL-6, TGF-β, and α-SMA inflammatory cytokines in a similar way, implying that CGDCM had a curative effect against the inflammation-induced liver carcinogenesis produced by DEN exposure. Furthermore, CGDCM and DOX therapy decreased ATP and fatty acid synthesis in rat liver cancer, which was correlated with apoptosis inhibition. CGDCM reduced cleaved caspase-3 expression in liver cancer rats when used alone or in combination with DOX, implying that apoptosis-inducing hepatic carcinogenesis was suppressed. Our results also verified the low toxicity of CGDCM injection on the internal organs of rats. Thus, this research clearly demonstrated a promising, novel anticancer approach that could be applied in future clinical studies of CGDCM and combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suphunwadee Sawong
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Dumrongsak Pekthong
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Pennapha Suknoppakit
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Thanwarat Winitchaikul
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Worasak Kaewkong
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Julintorn Somran
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Chaidan Intapa
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Faculty of Dentistry, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Supawadee Parhira
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand.
| | - Piyarat Srisawang
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand.
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Buczyńska A, Sidorkiewicz I, Hameed A, Krętowski AJ, Zbucka-Krętowska M. Future Perspectives in Oxidative Stress in Trisomy 13 and 18 Evaluation. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11071787. [PMID: 35407395 PMCID: PMC8999694 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11071787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Autosomal aneuploidies are the most frequently occurring congenital abnormalities and are related to many metabolic disorders, hormonal dysfunctions, neurotransmitter abnormalities, and intellectual disabilities. Trisomies are generated by an error of chromosomal segregation during cell division. Accumulating evidence has shown that deregulated gene expression resulting from the triplication of chromosomes 13 and 18 is associated with many disturbed cellular processes. Moreover, a disturbed oxidative stress status may be implicated in the occurrence of fetal malformations. Therefore, a literature review was undertaken to provide novel insights into the evaluation of trisomy 13 (T13) and 18 (T18) pathogeneses, with a particular concern on the oxidative stress. Corresponding to the limited literature data focused on factors leading to T13 and T18 phenotype occurrence, the importance of oxidative stress evaluation in T13 and T18 could enable the determination of subsequent disturbed metabolic pathways, highlighting the related role of mitochondrial dysfunction or epigenetics. This review illustrates up-to-date T13 and T18 research and discusses the strengths, limitations, and possible directions for future studies. The progressive unification of trisomy-related research protocols might provide potential medical targets in the future along with the implementation of the foundation of modern prenatal medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelika Buczyńska
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland; (I.S.); (A.H.); (A.J.K.)
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (M.Z.-K.); Tel.: +48-85-746-85-13 (A.B.); +48-85-746-83-36 (M.Z.-K.)
| | - Iwona Sidorkiewicz
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland; (I.S.); (A.H.); (A.J.K.)
| | - Ahsan Hameed
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland; (I.S.); (A.H.); (A.J.K.)
| | - Adam Jacek Krętowski
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland; (I.S.); (A.H.); (A.J.K.)
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Monika Zbucka-Krętowska
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology and Adolescent Gynecology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (M.Z.-K.); Tel.: +48-85-746-85-13 (A.B.); +48-85-746-83-36 (M.Z.-K.)
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Le Roy N, Ganot P, Aranda M, Allemand D, Tambutté S. The skeletome of the red coral Corallium rubrum indicates an independent evolution of biomineralization process in octocorals. BMC Ecol Evol 2021; 21:1. [PMID: 33514311 PMCID: PMC7853314 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-020-01734-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The process of calcium carbonate biomineralization has arisen multiple times during metazoan evolution. In the phylum Cnidaria, biomineralization has mostly been studied in the subclass Hexacorallia (i.e. stony corals) in comparison to the subclass Octocorallia (i.e. red corals); the two diverged approximately 600 million years ago. The precious Mediterranean red coral, Corallium rubrum, is an octocorallian species, which produces two distinct high-magnesium calcite biominerals, the axial skeleton and the sclerites. In order to gain insight into the red coral biomineralization process and cnidarian biomineralization evolution, we studied the protein repertoire forming the organic matrix (OM) of its two biominerals. Results We combined High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry and transcriptome analysis to study the OM composition of the axial skeleton and the sclerites. We identified a total of 102 OM proteins, 52 are found in the two red coral biominerals with scleritin being the most abundant protein in each fraction. Contrary to reef building corals, the red coral organic matrix possesses a large number of collagen-like proteins. Agrin-like glycoproteins and proteins with sugar-binding domains are also predominant. Twenty-seven and 23 proteins were uniquely assigned to the axial skeleton and the sclerites, respectively. The inferred regulatory function of these OM proteins suggests that the difference between the two biominerals is due to the modeling of the matrix network, rather than the presence of specific structural components. At least one OM component could have been horizontally transferred from prokaryotes early during Octocorallia evolution. Conclusion Our results suggest that calcification of the red coral axial skeleton likely represents a secondary calcification of an ancestral gorgonian horny axis. In addition, the comparison with stony coral skeletomes highlighted the low proportion of similar proteins between the biomineral OMs of hexacorallian and octocorallian corals, suggesting an independent acquisition of calcification in anthozoans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Le Roy
- Centre Scientifique de Monaco, 8 Quai Antoine 1er, Monaco, MC, 98000, Monaco. .,BOA UMR83, INRAe Centre Val de Loire, 37380, Nouzilly, France.
| | - Philippe Ganot
- Centre Scientifique de Monaco, 8 Quai Antoine 1er, Monaco, MC, 98000, Monaco
| | - Manuel Aranda
- Red Sea Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Denis Allemand
- Centre Scientifique de Monaco, 8 Quai Antoine 1er, Monaco, MC, 98000, Monaco
| | - Sylvie Tambutté
- Centre Scientifique de Monaco, 8 Quai Antoine 1er, Monaco, MC, 98000, Monaco
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Grist SM, Mourdoukoutas AP, Herr AE. 3D projection electrophoresis for single-cell immunoblotting. Nat Commun 2020; 11:6237. [PMID: 33277486 PMCID: PMC7718224 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19738-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunoassays and mass spectrometry are powerful single-cell protein analysis tools; however, interfacing and throughput bottlenecks remain. Here, we introduce three-dimensional single-cell immunoblots to detect both cytosolic and nuclear proteins. The 3D microfluidic device is a photoactive polyacrylamide gel with a microwell array-patterned face (xy) for cell isolation and lysis. Single-cell lysate in each microwell is "electrophoretically projected" into the 3rd dimension (z-axis), separated by size, and photo-captured in the gel for immunoprobing and confocal/light-sheet imaging. Design and analysis are informed by the physics of 3D diffusion. Electrophoresis throughput is > 2.5 cells/s (70× faster than published serial sampling), with 25 immunoblots/mm2 device area (>10× increase over previous immunoblots). The 3D microdevice design synchronizes analyses of hundreds of cells, compared to status quo serial analyses that impart hours-long delay between the first and last cells. Here, we introduce projection electrophoresis to augment the heavily genomic and transcriptomic single-cell atlases with protein-level profiling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha M Grist
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | - Andoni P Mourdoukoutas
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, USA
- UC Berkeley - UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, Berkeley, USA
| | - Amy E Herr
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, USA.
- UC Berkeley - UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, Berkeley, USA.
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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Ishikawa A, Shimizu K, Isowa Y, Takeuchi T, Zhao R, Kito K, Fujie M, Satoh N, Endo K. Functional shell matrix proteins tentatively identified by asymmetric snail shell morphology. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9768. [PMID: 32555253 PMCID: PMC7299971 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66021-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Molluscan shell matrix proteins (SMPs) are essential in biomineralization. Here, we identify potentially important SMPs by exploiting the asymmetric shell growth in snail, Lymnaea stagnalis. Asymmetric shells require bilaterally asymmetric expression of SMP genes. We examined expression levels of 35,951 transcripts expressed in the left and right sides of mantle tissue of the pond snail, Lymnaea stagnalis. This transcriptome dataset was used to identify 207 SMPs by LC-MS/MS. 32 of the 207 SMP genes show asymmetric expression patterns, which were further verified for 4 of the 32 SMPs using quantitative PCR analysis. Among asymmetrically expressed SMPs in dextral snails, those that are more highly expressed on the left side than the right side are 3 times more abundant than those that are more highly expressed on the right than the left, suggesting potentially inhibitory roles of SMPs in shell formation. The 32 SMPs thus identified have distinctive features, such as conserved domains and low complexity regions, which may be essential in biomineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akito Ishikawa
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Keisuke Shimizu
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Yukinobu Isowa
- Sugashima Marine Biological Laboratory, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, 429-63 Sugashima, Toba, Mie, 517-0004, Japan
| | - Takeshi Takeuchi
- Marine Genomics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
| | - Ran Zhao
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Keiji Kito
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, 1-1-1 Higashimita, Tama, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 214-8571, Japan
| | - Manabu Fujie
- DNA Sequencing Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Satoh
- Marine Genomics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Endo
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
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Vasani A, Kumar MS. Advances in the proteomics of amniotic fluid to detect biomarkers for chromosomal abnormalities and fetomaternal complications during pregnancy. Expert Rev Proteomics 2019; 16:277-286. [PMID: 30722712 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2019.1578213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Amniotic fluid (AF) is a dynamic and complex mixture that reflects the physiological condition of developing fetus. In the last decade, proteomic analysis of AF for 16-18 weeks normal pregnancy has been done for the composition and functions of this fluid. Other body fluids such as urine, sweat, tears, etc. are being used for diagnosis of disease, but an insight into protein biomarkers of amniotic fluid can save the fetus and mother from future complications. Areas covered: We have covered the proteomics of amniotic fluid done since 2000, in order to strengthen the establishment of these techniques as a recognized diagnostic tool in the field. After classifying the diseases based on chromosomal aneuploidies, gestational changes, and inflammation caused during pregnancy; we have focused on amniotic fluid to detect various complications during and post pregnancy and its effect on the fetomaternal relationship. Expert comment: The main protein biomarkers responsible for various syndromes, diseases, and complications have been summarized. Major proteins identified for gestational conditions are IGFBP-1, fibrinogen, neutrophil defensins like calgranulins A and C, cathelicidin, APOA1, TRFE, etc. Validation of particular technique and establishing a single standardized biomarker for the diagnosis to avoid any overlapping for different diseases is required. After certain improvements, proteomics approach can be considered for diagnosis of diseases associated with fetal-maternal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aayushi Vasani
- a Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management , SVKM'S NMIMS , V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle west, Mumbai - 400056 , India
| | - Maushmi S Kumar
- a Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management , SVKM'S NMIMS , V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle west, Mumbai - 400056 , India
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A comprehensive profile and inter-individual variations analysis of the human normal amniotic fluid proteome. J Proteomics 2018; 192:1-9. [PMID: 29684686 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2018.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Amniotic fluid contains large amounts of proteins produced by amnion epithelial cells, fetal tissues, fetal excretions and placental tissues; thus, it is an important potential source of biomarkers for identifying fetal pathologies. In this study, a pooled AF sample from 7 healthy volunteers was used to provide a comprehensive profile of normal human AF proteome using immunoaffinity depletion of 14 high-abundance proteins. Each individual AF sample was used to analyze inter-individual variations with iTRAQ method. As a result, a total of 2881 non-redundant proteins were identified, and 1624 proteins were quantified based on the peak intensity-based semi-quantification (iBAQ) method. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis showed that the AF proteome was enriched in extracellular region and extracellular matrix. Further function annotation showed that the top canonical pathway was axonal guidance signaling. The inter-individual variation analysis of 7 individual AF samples showed that the median inter-individual CV (Coefficient of variation) was 0.22. iBAQ quantification analysis revealed that the inter-individual variations were not correlated with protein abundance. GO analysis indicated that intracellular proteins tended to have higher CVs, and extracellular proteins tended to have lower CVs. These data will contribute to a better understanding of amniotic fluid proteomic analysis and biomarker discovery. SIGNIFICANCE: Amniotic fluid is an important potential source of biomarkers for identifying fetal pathologies. This study provided a large database for the normal human amniotic fluid proteome and analysis of inter-individual variations in amniotic fluid proteomes, which will offer a baseline reference for further AF proteomic analysis and pregnancy-related disease biomarker discovery.
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Online Microreactor Titanium Dioxide RPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap MS Automated Platform for Shotgun Analysis of (Phospho) Proteins in Human Amniotic Fluid. Chromatographia 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-013-2567-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Wang QW, Yu B. Proteomic techniques for finding biomarkers for prenatal screening for Down syndrome: where are we? Expert Rev Proteomics 2012; 9:583-5. [PMID: 23256667 DOI: 10.1586/epr.12.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Liu X, Zheng T, Cai Y, Liu J. Cloning, expression and characterization of serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT)-like gene subunit (LCB2) from marine Emiliania huxleyi virus ( Coccolithovirus). ACTA OCEANOLOGICA SINICA = HAI YANG XUE BAO 2012; 31:127-138. [PMID: 32226188 PMCID: PMC7097000 DOI: 10.1007/s13131-012-0259-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2012] [Accepted: 05/28/2012] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The authors have isolated and characterized a novel serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT)-like gene in marine Emiliania huxleyi virus (EhV-99B1). The open-reading frame (ORF) of EhV99B1-SPT encoded a protein of 496 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 96 kDa and Ip 6.01. The results of sequence analysis showed that there was about 31%-45% identity in amino acid sequence with other organisms. The maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree suggested that the EhV99B1-SPT gene possibly horizontally transferred from the eukaryote. Hydrophobic profiles of deduced amino acid sequences suggested a hydrophobic, globular and membrane-associated protein with five transmembrane domains (TMDs) motifs. Several potential N-linked glycosylation sites were presented in SPT. These results suggested that EhV99B1-SPT was an integral endoplasmic reticulum membrane protein. Despite lower sequence identity, the secondary and three-dimensional structures predicted showed that the "pocket" structure element composed of 2α-helices and 4β-sheets was the catalytic center of this enzyme, with a typical conserved "TFTKSFG" active site in the N-terminal region and was very close to those of prokaryotic organisms. However, the N-terminal domain of EhV99B1-SPT most closely resembled the LCB2 catalysis subunit and the C-terminal domain most closely resembled the LCB1 regulatory subunit of other organisms which together formed a spherical molecule. This "chimera" was highly similar to the prokaryotic homologous SPT. For a functional identification, the EhV99B1-LCB2 subunit gene was expressed in Escherichia coli, which resulted in significant accumulation of new sphingolipid in E. coli cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuhong Liu
- Bioengineering College of Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021 China
| | - Tianling Zheng
- Key Laboratory of MOE for Coast and Wetland Ecosystem, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005 China
| | - Yiqin Cai
- Bioengineering College of Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021 China
| | - Jingwen Liu
- Bioengineering College of Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021 China
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Daka JN, Moodie G, DiNardo A, Kramer GH. Preparation and application of steeps of tea as new simulations of urine for the performance testing programme of 14C. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2012; 151:420-425. [PMID: 22451164 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncs025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
(14)C is one of the radionuclides for which the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission has developed performance testing programmes (PTPs). During the PTP exercises, clients receive samples of natural urine containing spiked radionuclides, for testing. In these programmes, urine has disadvantages. These include (1) slow collection times from donors, (2) unpleasant smell and (3) potential to transmit diseases. To assist in solving some of these problems, the Canadian National Calibration Reference Centre for Bioassay and In Vivo Monitoring has conducted research with tea solutions, to find simpler, safer and more readily available alternatives to urine. This paper provides a new technique by which steeps of black tea have been successfully prepared for the (14)C PTP. The results of tea solutions compared well with those of urine. It was concluded that tea steeps, of which the spectroscopic and colour quenching properties have been adjusted, do provide appropriate urine simulations, suitable for use in PTPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph N Daka
- Canadian National Calibration Reference Centre for Bioassay and In-Vivo Monitoring, National Internal Radiation Assessment, Radiation Protection Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 1C1.
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Yu B, Zhang B, Shi Y, Shao SH, Wang QW, Huang RP, Yang YQ. Bioinformatics characterization of differential proteins in serum of mothers carrying Down syndrome fetuses: combining bioinformatics and ELISA. Arch Med Sci 2012; 8:183-91. [PMID: 22661988 PMCID: PMC3361028 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2012.28543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2011] [Revised: 01/10/2012] [Accepted: 02/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Characterization of novel proteins in maternal serum derived from mothers carrying Down syndrome (DS) fetuses. MATERIAL AND METHODS Based on last comparative proteomic analysis, five significant differences of expressed proteins in serum from four groups have been confirmed by ELISA. DAVID and GeneGo MetaCore were used to bioinformatically analyze candidate protein markers. RESULTS The serum levels of ceruloplasmin (CP) and complement factor B (CFB) were significantly increased in mother carried DS fetuses (346.5 ng/ml and 466.8 ng/ml vs. 248.6 ng/ml and 293.5 ng/ml, p< 0.05). Twenty-nine proteins were mainly categorized into binding, catalytic activity and enzyme regulator activity proteins, and their biological roles were involved in biological regulation, metabolic processes, cellular processes, and response to stimuli. The immune response alternative complement pathway was the most significant GeneGo Pathway related to DS. CONCLUSIONS These 29 proteins have relations with the development of Down syndrome, especially CP and CFB play more important roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yu
- Changzhou Women and Children Health Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Changzhou Women and Children Health Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ye Shi
- Changzhou Women and Children Health Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shi-he Shao
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qiu-wei Wang
- Changzhou Women and Children Health Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Rui-ping Huang
- Changzhou Women and Children Health Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yu-qi Yang
- Changzhou Women and Children Health Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province, China
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Yu B, Zhang B, Wang J, Wang QW, Huang RP, Yang YQ, Shao SH. Preliminary proteomic-based identification of a novel protein for Down's syndrome in maternal serum. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2012; 237:530-9. [PMID: 22678011 DOI: 10.1258/ebm.2012.011312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Prenatal screening for Down's syndrome (DS) is in need of improvement. As a powerful platform, proteomics techniques could also be used for identification of new biomarkers for DS screening. In this case-control proteome study, pregnant women were diagnosed prenatally by karyotype analysis from amniotic fluid (AF). Maternal serum samples were collected from six pregnancies with fetuses affected by DS and six pregnancies with normal fetuses. First, we used two-dimensional electrophoresis and mass spectrometry to identify the different levels of expression of proteins in maternal serum between the DS and control groups in the second trimester. Second, we used bioinformatics to analyze the proteins by DAVID. Then, the interesting candidates were further tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Twenty-nine proteins were successfully identified in maternal serum obtained from pregnancies with fetuses affected by DS. The top five proteins up-regulated were serotransferrin (TF), alpha-1b-glycoprotein (A1BG), desmin (DES), alpha-1-antitrypsin (SERPINA1) and ceruloplasmin (CP), while serum amyloid P-component (APCS) was the most down-regulated protein. These 29 proteins were categorized based on binding, catalytic activity and enzyme regulator activity. The biological roles were involved in biological regulation, metabolic processes, cellular processes and response to a stimulus. Based on ELISA, the median concentrations of CP and complement factor B (CFB) were 332.3 and 412.3 ng/mL, respectively. The concentrations of CP and CFB were significantly higher in the DS group than in the control group ( P < 0.05). In conclusion, proteomic approaches offer the possibility of further improving the performance of DS screening and our identification of up- and down-regulated proteins may lead to new candidates for DS screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013
- Changzhou Woman and Children Health Hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Changzhou Woman and Children Health Hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Changzhou Woman and Children Health Hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qiu-wei Wang
- Changzhou Woman and Children Health Hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Rui-ping Huang
- Changzhou Woman and Children Health Hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yu-qi Yang
- Changzhou Woman and Children Health Hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shi-he Shao
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013
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Kolialexi A, Tounta G, Mavrou A, Tsangaris GT. Proteomic analysis of amniotic fluid for the diagnosis of fetal aneuploidies. Expert Rev Proteomics 2011; 8:175-85. [PMID: 21501011 DOI: 10.1586/epr.10.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Advances in technologies associated with mass spectrometry-based proteomic techniques have added a new dimension to the field of biomedical research. Most of the existing research on human gestation has focused on the application of these high-throughput methodologies in the study of amniotic fluid. In cases of fetal aneuploidies, the use of proteomic platforms has contributed to the identification of relevant protein biomarkers that could potentially change early diagnosis and treatment. The current article focuses on studies of normal amniotic fluid using proteomic technologies and describes alterations noted in the amniotic fluid proteome in the presence of fetal aneuploidies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aggeliki Kolialexi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece
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16
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Tsangaris GT, Anagnostopoulos AK, Tounta G, Antsaklis A, Mavrou A, Kolialexi A. Application of proteomics for the identification of biomarkers in amniotic fluid: are we ready to provide a reliable prediction? EPMA J 2011. [PMID: 23199144 PMCID: PMC3405381 DOI: 10.1007/s13167-011-0083-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Proteomics-based identification of biomarkers for fetal abnormalities and pregnancy complications in amniotic fluid (AF) has made significant progress in the past 5 years. This is attributed mainly to advances in mass spectrometry-based proteomic technologies that enable new strategies for discovering biomarkers from complex biological fluids in a high-throughput and sensitive manner. These markers, although they still need to be verified, are diagnostic and may in the future provide targets for therapeutic intervention. In the current review we focus on the emergence of proteomics as a major platform technology in studying AF and developing biomarkers for fetal aneuploidies and pregnancy-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Th Tsangaris
- Proteomics Research Unit, Center of Basic Research II, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece
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17
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Perluigi M, di Domenico F, Fiorini A, Cocciolo A, Giorgi A, Foppoli C, Butterfield DA, Giorlandino M, Giorlandino C, Eugenia Schininà M, Coccia R. Oxidative stress occurs early in Down syndrome pregnancy: A redox proteomics analysis of amniotic fluid. Proteomics Clin Appl 2011; 5:167-78. [DOI: 10.1002/prca.201000121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2010] [Revised: 12/19/2010] [Accepted: 01/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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18
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Cho CKJ, Diamandis EP. Application of proteomics to prenatal screening and diagnosis for aneuploidies. Clin Chem Lab Med 2011; 49:33-41. [DOI: 10.1515/cclm.2011.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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19
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Tomazella GG, da Silva I, Laure HJ, Rosa JC, Chammas R, Wiker HG, de Souza GA, Greene LJ. Proteomic analysis of total cellular proteins of human neutrophils. Proteome Sci 2009; 7:32. [PMID: 19719850 PMCID: PMC3224919 DOI: 10.1186/1477-5956-7-32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2009] [Accepted: 08/31/2009] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Neutrophils are the most abundant leukocytes in peripheral blood and represent one of the most important elements of innate immunity. Recent subcellular proteomic studies have focused on the identification of human neutrophil proteins in various subcellular membrane and granular fractions. Although there are relatively few studies dealing with the analysis of the total extract of human neutrophils, many biological problems such as the role of chemokines, adhesion molecules, and other activating inputs involved in neutrophil responses and signaling can be approached on the basis of the identification of the total cellular proteins. Results Using gel-LC-MS/MS, 251 total cellular proteins were identified from resting human neutrophils. This is more than ten times the number of proteins identified by an initial proteome analysis of human neutrophils and almost five times the number of proteins identified by the first 2-DE map of extracts of rat polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Most of the proteins identified in the present study are well-known, but some of them, such as neutrophil-secreted proteins and centaurin beta-1, a cytoplasmic protein involved in the regulation of NF-κB activity, are described here for the first-time. Conclusion The present report provides new information about the protein content of human neutrophils. Importantly, our study resulted in the discovery of a series of proteins not previously reported to be associated with human neutrophils. These data are relevant to the investigation of comparative pathological states and models for novel classes of pharmaceutical drugs that could be useful in the treatment of inflammatory disorders in which neutrophils participate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisele G Tomazella
- Centro de Química de Proteínas, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brasil.
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20
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Choolani M, Narasimhan K, Kolla V, Hahn S. Proteomic technologies for prenatal diagnostics: advances and challenges ahead. Expert Rev Proteomics 2009; 6:87-101. [PMID: 19210129 DOI: 10.1586/14789450.6.1.87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Proteomics-based identification of biomarkers for fetal abnormalities in maternal plasma, amniotic fluid and reproductive fluids has made significant progress in the past 5 years. This is attributed mainly to advances in various technology platforms associated with mass spectrometry-based techniques. As these techniques are highly sensitive and require only small quantities of body fluids, it is hoped that they will pave the way for the development of effective noninvasive approaches, without subjecting the developing fetus to the same degree of harm as current invasive procedures (e.g., amniocentesis). It is possible that these developments will include same-day analyses, thereby permitting rapid intervention when necessary. To date, a host of body fluids, such as maternal serum and plasma, amniotic fluid, cervical fluid, vaginal fluid, urine, saliva or fetal material, such as placental trophoblast, fetal membranes or cord blood, have been used successfully in the quest to develop markers for a number of pregnancy-related pathologies. In the current review update we focus on the emergence of proteomics as a major platform technology in studying various types of fetal conditions and developing markers for pregnancy-related disorders, such fetal aneuploidy, preterm birth, preeclampsia, intra-amniotic infection and fetal stress. Should the development of these markers be successful, then it is to be envisaged that proteomic approaches will become standard of care for a number of disease conditions associated with feto-maternal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Choolani
- Diagnostic Biomarker Discovery Laboratory, Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, National University Hospital, Singapore.
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21
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Application of proteomics for diagnosis of fetal aneuploidies and pregnancy complications. J Proteomics 2009; 72:731-9. [PMID: 19332162 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2009.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2009] [Revised: 03/11/2009] [Accepted: 03/16/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Proteomic technologies represent new strategies towards high-throughput, simultaneous analysis of thousands of biological molecules leading to the discovery of biomarkers for early diagnosis, prognosis and prediction of pregnancy outcome. Proteomics have additional relevance in understanding pathophysiology and the development of molecularly targeted therapeutics. Comparison of normal human amniotic fluid proteome with that coming from pregnancies carrying fetuses with chromosomal abnormalities facilitated the detection of panels of potential biomarkers for prenatal detection of fetal aneuploidies. Candidate biomarkers for the early prediction of preeclampsis are also available, while four biomarkers (defensins-2 and -1, calgranulin-C, and calgranulin-A), which were called the "MR score", can quickly and accurately detect potentially dangerous infections and predict premature birth. Researchers remain hopeful that proteomic studies will allow for the identification of either one protein marker or of a panel of markers for prenatal detection of fetal aneuploidies and pregnancy complications that could be usefully employed for diagnostic purposes or improvement of the current screening methods. For maximum predictive power however, biomarkers should be selected for further comparative analysis of expression and structural modifications in large numbers of samples from chromosomally normal and abnormal pregnancies obtained from different populations.
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Zhang YX, Zhang YP, Gu Y, Guan FJ, Li SL, Xie JS, Shen Y, Wu BL, Ju W, Jenkins EC, Brown WT, Zhong N. Genetic analysis of first-trimester miscarriages with a combination of cytogenetic karyotyping, microsatellite genotyping and arrayCGH. Clin Genet 2009; 75:133-40. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2008.01131.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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