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Yadav P, Khatri N, Gupta R, Mudgil Y. Proteomic profiling of Arabidopsis G-protein β subunit AGB1 mutant under salt stress. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 30:571-586. [PMID: 38737318 PMCID: PMC11087450 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-024-01448-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Salt stress is a limiting environmental factor that inhibits plant growth in most ecological environments. The functioning of G-proteins and activated downstream signaling during salt stress is well established and different G-protein subunits and a few downstream effectors have been identified. Arabidopsis G-protein β-subunit (AGB1) regulates the movement of Na+ from roots to shoots along with a significant role in controlling Na+ fluxes in roots, however, the molecular mechanism of AGB1 mediated salt stress regulation is not well understood. Here, we report the comparative proteome profiles of Arabidopsis AGB1 null mutant agb1-2 to investigate how the absence of AGB1 modulates the protein repertoire in response to salt stress. High-resolution two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) showed 27 protein spots that were differentially modulated between the control and NaCl treated agb1-2 seedlings of which seven were identified by mass spectrometry. Functional annotation and interactome analysis indicated that the salt-responsive proteins were majorly associated with cellulose synthesis, structural maintenance of chromosomes, DNA replication/repair, organellar RNA editing and indole glucosinolate biosynthesis. Further exploration of the functioning of these proteins could serve as a potential stepping stone for dissection of molecular mechanism of AGB1 functions during salt stress and in long run could be extrapolated to crop plants for salinity stress management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Yadav
- Department of Botany, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110007 India
| | - Nisha Khatri
- Department of Botany, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110007 India
| | - Ravi Gupta
- College of General Education, Kookmin University, Seoul, 02707 South Korea
| | - Yashwanti Mudgil
- Department of Botany, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110007 India
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Zhang X, Hong S, Yu C, Shen X, Sun F, Yang J. Comparative analysis between high -grade serous ovarian cancer and healthy ovarian tissues using single-cell RNA sequencing. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1148628. [PMID: 37124501 PMCID: PMC10140397 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1148628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is the most common histological subtype of ovarian cancer, and is associated with high mortality rates. Methods In this study, we analyzed specific cell subpopulations and compared different gene functions between healthy ovarian and ovarian cancer cells using single-cell RNA sequencing (ScRNA-seq). We delved deeper into the differences between healthy ovarian and ovarian cancer cells at different levels, and performed specific analysis on endothelial cells. Results We obtained scRNA-seq data of 6867 and 17056 cells from healthy ovarian samples and ovarian cancer samples, respectively. The transcriptional profiles of the groups differed at various stages of ovarian cell development. A detailed comparison of the cell cycle, and cell communication of different groups, revealed significant differences between healthy ovarian and ovarian cancer cells. We also found that apoptosis-related genes, URI1, PAK2, PARP1, CLU and TIMP3, were highly expressed, while immune-related genes, UBB, RPL11, CAV1, NUPR1 and Hsp90ab1, were lowly expressed in ovarian cancer cells. The results of the ScRNA-seq were verified using qPCR. Discussion Our findings revealed differences in function, gene expression and cell interaction patterns between ovarian cancer and healthy ovarian cell populations. These findings provide key insights on further research into the treatment of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shihao Hong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chengying Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Longyou People’s Hospital, Quzhou, China
| | | | - Fangying Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jianhua Yang,
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Identification of potential glycoprotein biomarkers in oral squamous cell carcinoma using sweet strategies. Glycoconj J 2021; 38:1-11. [PMID: 33547992 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-021-09973-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is high in South and Southeast Asia regions. Most OSCC patients are detected at advanced stages low 5-year survival rates. Aberrant expression of glycosylated proteins was found to be associated with malignant transformation and cancer progression. Hence, identification of cancer-associated glycoproteins could be used as potential biomarkers that are beneficial for diagnosis or clinical management of patients. This study aims to identify the differentially expressed glycoproteins using lectin-based glycoproteomics approaches. Serum samples of 40 patients with OSCC, 10 patients with oral potentially malignant disorder (OPMD), and 10 healthy individuals as control group were subjected to two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) coupled with lectin Concanavalin A and Jacalin that specifically bind to N- and O-glycosylated proteins, respectively. Five differentially expressed N- and O-glycoproteins with various potential glycosylation sites were identified, namely N-glycosylated α1-antitrypsin (AAT), α2-HS-glycoprotein (AHSG), apolipoprotein A-I (APOA1), and haptoglobin (HP); as well as O-glycosylated AHSG and clusterin (CLU). Among them, AAT and APOA1 were further validated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (n = 120). It was found that AAT and APOA1 are significantly upregulated in OSCC and these glycoproteins are independent risk factors of OSCC. The clinical utility of AAT and APOA1 as potential biomarkers of OSCC is needed for further evaluation.
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Pang WW, Abdul-Rahman PS, Wan-Ibrahim WI, Hashim OH. Can the Acute-Phase Reactant Proteins be Used as Cancer Biomarkers? Int J Biol Markers 2018; 25:1-11. [DOI: 10.1177/172460081002500101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The association between the acute-phase reactant proteins (APRPs) and cancer has long been established. There have been numerous reports correlating altered levels of various APRPs with different types of cancers. However, researchers are often quick to dismiss the use of these APRPs as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and monitoring of cancer because alterations in APRP concentrations are observed in a wide range of diseases. Recent progress in proteomics studies which profiled the serum proteins of cancer patients and those of normal individuals indicated that the altered APRP expressions were different for distinct types, subtypes, and even stages of cancer. Interestingly, these data are in agreement with those observed earlier using immunochemical and biochemical assays. In view of this compelling association of different patterns of APRPs with various types of cancers and in an apparent shift of paradigm, we present in this review some indications that APRP fingerprinting may be used as complementary cancer biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wei Pang
- University of Malaya Centre for Proteomics Research, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur - Malaysia
| | - Puteri Shafinaz Abdul-Rahman
- University of Malaya Centre for Proteomics Research, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur - Malaysia
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur - Malaysia
| | - Wan Izlina Wan-Ibrahim
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur - Malaysia
| | - Onn Haji Hashim
- University of Malaya Centre for Proteomics Research, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur - Malaysia
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur - Malaysia
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Abdullah MI, Lee CC, Mat Junit S, Ng KL, Hashim OH. Tissue and serum samples of patients with papillary thyroid cancer with and without benign background demonstrate different altered expression of proteins. PeerJ 2016; 4:e2450. [PMID: 27672505 PMCID: PMC5028788 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.2450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is mainly diagnosed using fine-needle aspiration biopsy. This most common form of well-differentiated thyroid cancer occurs with or without a background of benign thyroid goiter (BTG). Methods In the present study, a gel-based proteomics analysis was performed to analyse the expression of proteins in tissue and serum samples of PTC patients with (PTCb; n = 6) and without a history of BTG (PTCa; n = 8) relative to patients with BTG (n = 20). This was followed by confirmation of the levels of proteins which showed significant altered abundances of more than two-fold difference (p < 0.01) in the tissue and serum samples of the same subjects using ELISA. Results The data of our study showed that PTCa and PTCb distinguish themselves from BTG in the types of tissue and serum proteins of altered abundance. While higher levels of alpha-1 antitrypsin (A1AT) and heat shock 70 kDa protein were associated with PTCa, lower levels of A1AT, protein disulfide isomerase and ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 N seemed apparent in the PTCb. In case of the serum proteins, higher abundances of A1AT and alpha 1-beta glycoprotein were detected in PTCa, while PTCb was associated with enhanced apolipoprotein A-IV and alpha 2-HS glycoprotein (AHSG). The different altered expression of tissue and serum A1AT as well as serum AHSG between PTCa and PTCb patients were also validated by ELISA. Discussion The distinctive altered abundances of the tissue and serum proteins form preliminary indications that PTCa and PTCb are two distinct cancers of the thyroid that are etiologically and mechanistically different although it is currently not possible to rule out that they may also be due other reasons such as the different stages of the malignant disease. These proteins stand to have a potential use as tissue or serum biomarkers to discriminate the three different thyroid neoplasms although this requires further validation in clinically representative populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mardiaty Iryani Abdullah
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Ching Chin Lee
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Sarni Mat Junit
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; University of Malaya Centre for Proteomics Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Khoon Leong Ng
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Onn Haji Hashim
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; University of Malaya Centre for Proteomics Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Kerishnan JP, Mohammad S, Alias MS, Mu AKW, Vaithilingam RD, Baharuddin NA, Safii SH, Abdul Rahman ZA, Chen YN, Chen Y. Identification of biomarkers for periodontal disease using the immunoproteomics approach. PeerJ 2016; 4:e2327. [PMID: 27635317 PMCID: PMC5012327 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.2327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Periodontitis is one of the most common oral diseases associated with the host’s immune response against periodontopathogenic infection. Failure to accurately diagnose the stage of periodontitis has limited the ability to predict disease status. Therefore, we aimed to look for reliable diagnostic markers for detection or differentiation of early stage periodontitis using the immunoprotemic approach. Method In the present study, patient serum samples from four distinct stages of periodontitis (i.e., mild chronic, moderate chronic, severe chronic, and aggressive) and healthy controls were subjected to two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE), followed by silver staining. Notably, we consistently identified 14 protein clusters in the sera of patients and normal controls. Results Overall, we found that protein levels were comparable between patients and controls, with the exception of the clusters corresponding to A1AT, HP, IGKC and KNG1 (p < 0.05). In addition, the immunogenicity of these proteins was analysed via immunoblotting, which revealed differential profiles for periodontal disease and controls. For this reason, IgM obtained from severe chronic periodontitis (CP) sera could be employed as a suitable autoantibody for the detection of periodontitis. Discussion Taken together, the present study suggests that differentially expressed host immune response proteins could be used as potential biomarkers for screening periodontitis. Future studies exploring the diagnostic potential of such factors are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesinda P Kerishnan
- Department of Oral Science & Craniofacial, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Sani Mohammad
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | | | - Alan Kang-Wai Mu
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Institute of Win Men Biotech , Sungai Bakap, Pulau Pinang , Malaysia
| | - Rathna Devi Vaithilingam
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Nor Adinar Baharuddin
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Syarida H Safii
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Zainal Ariff Abdul Rahman
- Department of Oro-Maxillofacial Surgical & Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Yu Nieng Chen
- Chen Dental Specialist Clinic , Kuching, Sarawak , Malaysia
| | - Yeng Chen
- Department of Oral Science & Craniofacial, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Phang WM, Tan AA, Gopinath SC, Hashim OH, Kiew LV, Chen Y. Secretion of N- and O-linked Glycoproteins from 4T1 Murine Mammary Carcinoma Cells. Int J Med Sci 2016; 13:330-9. [PMID: 27226773 PMCID: PMC4879765 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.14341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers that affect women globally and accounts for ~23% of all cancers diagnosed in women. Breast cancer is also one of the leading causes of death primarily due to late stage diagnoses and a lack of effective treatments. Therefore, discovering protein expression biomarkers is mandatory for early detection and thus, critical for successful therapy. Two-dimensional electrophoresis (2D-E) coupled with lectin-based analysis followed by mass spectrometry were applied to identify potential biomarkers in the secretions of a murine mammary carcinoma cell line. Comparisons of the protein profiles of the murine 4T1 mammary carcinoma cell line and a normal murine MM3MG mammary cell line indicated that cadherin-1 (CDH), collagenase 3 (MMP-13), Viral envelope protein G7e (VEP), Gag protein (GAG) and Hypothetical protein LOC433182 (LOC) were uniquely expressed by the 4T1 cells, and pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) was exclusively secreted by the MM3MG cells. Further analysis by a lectin-based study revealed that aberrant O-glycosylated CDH, N-glycosylated MMP-13 and LOC were present in the 4T1 medium. These differentially expressed N- and O-linked glycoprotein candidates, which were identified by combining lectin-based analysis with 2D-E, could serve as potential diagnostic and prognostic markers for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai-Mei Phang
- 1. Department of Oral Biology & Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Aik-Aun Tan
- 2. Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia
| | - Subash C.B. Gopinath
- 3. Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering (INEE), Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 01000 Kangar, Perlis, Malaysia
- 4. School of Bioprocess Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Onn H. Hashim
- 5. Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Lik Voon Kiew
- 6. Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Yeng Chen
- 1. Department of Oral Biology & Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
- 7. Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
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Kazuno S, Furukawa JI, Shinohara Y, Murayama K, Fujime M, Ueno T, Fujimura T. Glycosylation status of serum immunoglobulin G in patients with prostate diseases. Cancer Med 2016; 5:1137-46. [PMID: 26880719 PMCID: PMC4924372 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Revised: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Occurrences of high values in patients with benign prostate disease and low values in patients with highly suspicious cancer have diminished the trustworthiness of prostate‐specific antigen as an early diagnostic marker of prostate cancer. In the search for other complimentary markers, we focused on serum IgG from patients with prostate diseases as well as normal subjects. IgG purified from the sera of normal control subjects and patients with prostate diseases, was digested with peptide N‐glycanase. Released glycans were quantified using MALDI‐time of flight mass spectrometry. We report that N‐linked (N‐acetylhexosamine)2(deoxyhexose)(mannose)3(N‐acetylglucosamine)2 was significantly increased in the IgG heavy chains of patients with prostate cancer compared with that of either benign prostatic disease patients or healthy subjects, whereas (hexose)(N‐acetylhexosamine)2(deoxyhexose)(mannose)3 (N‐acetylglucosamine)2 was more abundant in the heavy chains of healthy subjects and benign prostatic disease patients. Thus, an absence of the terminal hexose of N‐linked glycans has been closely connected to the progression of prostate cancer. Furthermore, surface plasmon resonance analyses have revealed that IgG from patients with prostate cancer has a decreased binding for Sambucus nigra lectin, compared with that from the benign prostatic disease patients or from normal subjects, suggesting lower levels of (N‐acetylneuraminic acid)(α2‐6)galactose/N‐acetylgalactosamine groups in the N‐linked glycans of patient IgG. Meanwhile, wheat germ agglutinin binding to IgG of the cancer group was significantly larger than that for the benign prostatic disease group but smaller than that for normal subjects. Our study indicates that the glycosylation changes in IgG can become useful diagnostic parameters for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saiko Kazuno
- Laboratory of Proteomics and Biomolecular Science, Research Support Center, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Furukawa
- Laboratory of Medical and Functional Glycomics, Graduate School of Advanced Life Science, Frontier Research Center for Post-Genome Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan
| | - Yasuro Shinohara
- Laboratory of Medical and Functional Glycomics, Graduate School of Advanced Life Science, Frontier Research Center for Post-Genome Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan
| | - Kimie Murayama
- Laboratory of Proteomics and Biomolecular Science, Research Support Center, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Makoto Fujime
- Division of Urology, Department of Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Takashi Ueno
- Laboratory of Proteomics and Biomolecular Science, Research Support Center, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Fujimura
- Laboratory of Proteomics and Biomolecular Science, Research Support Center, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
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Chen Y, Phang WM, Mu AKW, Chan CK, Low BS, Sasidharan S, Chan KL. Decreased expression of alpha-2-HS glycoprotein in the sera of rats treated with Eurycoma longifolia extract. Front Pharmacol 2015; 6:211. [PMID: 26441666 PMCID: PMC4585282 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2015.00211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Eurycoma longifolia is a Malaysian native herb that has been widely used as an aphrodisiac and a remedy for andropause. Although the physiological effects of the plant extract were predicted as a result of the alterations in protein expression, the key protein(s) involved in these alterations are still unclear. In the present study, we have investigated the effect of standardized E. longifolia extract on serum protein expression up to 28 days following oral administration in rats. Serum protein profiles were analyzed by 2-dimensional electrophoresis, and altered proteins were identified via mass spectrometry. We observed that alpha-2-HS glycoprotein (AHS) was significantly decreased in the serum of experimentally treated rats compared to pre-treated animals. Moreover, reduction in AHS was confirmed using competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. AHS expression is known to be associated with insulin resistance and diabetes. Our data indicated that serum AHS was reduced in rats treated with standardized E. longifolia extract, and therefore form a prelude for further investigation into the effects of this natural extract in animal models involving infertility and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeng Chen
- Department of Oral Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia ; Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Wai-Mei Phang
- Department of Oral Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Alan K-W Mu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Choon-Keat Chan
- Malaysian Institute of Pharmaceuticals and Nutraceuticals, Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Bin-Seng Low
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Pulau Pinang, Malaysia ; School of Medicine, Taylor's University Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sreenivasan Sasidharan
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Kit-Lam Chan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
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Chen Y, Chan CK, Kerishnan JP, Lau YL, Wong YL, Gopinath SC. Identification of circulating biomarkers in sera of Plasmodium knowlesi-infected malaria patients--comparison against Plasmodium vivax infection. BMC Infect Dis 2015; 15:49. [PMID: 25656928 PMCID: PMC4336705 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-015-0786-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plasmodium knowlesi was identified as the fifth major malaria parasite in humans. It presents severe clinical symptoms and leads to mortality as a result of hyperparasitemia in a short period of time. This study aimed to improve the current understanding of P. knowlesi and identify potential biomarkers for knowlesi malaria. METHODS In the present study, we have employed two-dimensional gel electrophoresis-coupled immunoblotting techniques and mass spectrometry to identify novel circulating markers in sera from P. knowlesi-infected patients. Specifically, we have compared serum protein profiles from P. knowlesi-infected patients against those of healthy or P. vivax-infected individuals. RESULTS We identified several immunoreactive proteins in malarial-infected subjects, including alpha-2-HS glycoprotein (AHSG), serotransferrin (TF), complement C3c (C3), hemopexin (HPX), zinc-2-alpha glycoprotein (ZAG1), apolipoprotein A1 (Apo-A1), haptoglobin (HAP), and alpha-1-B-glycoprotein (A1BG). However, only TF and HPX displayed enhanced antigenicity and specificity, suggesting that they might represent valid markers for detecting P. knowlesi infection. Additionally, six P. knowlesi-specific antigens were identified (K15, K16, K28, K29, K30, and K38). Moreover, although HAP antigenicity was observed during P. vivax infection, it was undetectable in P. knowlesi-infected subjects. CONCLUSIONS We have demonstrated the application of immunoproteomics approach to identify potential candidate biomarkers for knowlesi malaria infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeng Chen
- Department of Oral Biology & Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. .,Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Center, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Choon K Chan
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor, Penang, Malaysia.
| | - Jesinda P Kerishnan
- Department of Oral Biology & Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Yee L Lau
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Yin-Ling Wong
- Department of Oral Biology & Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Subash Cb Gopinath
- Department of Oral Biology & Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. .,Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering (INEE), & School of Bioprocess Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Kangar, Perlis, Malaysia.
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Tan AA, Mu AKW, Kiew LV, Chen Y. Comparative secretomic and N-glycoproteomic profiling in human MCF-7 breast cancer and HMEpC normal epithelial cell lines using a gel-based strategy. Cancer Cell Int 2014; 14:120. [PMID: 25484625 PMCID: PMC4258303 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-014-0120-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Concurrent study of secretomic and glycoproteomic profiles in cancer cell lines represents an excellent approach for investigating cancer progression and identifying novel biomarker candidates. In this study, we performed a comparative secretomic and N-glycoprotein profiling from the secretions of normal human mammary epithelial cells (HMEpC) and the MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line. Method We analyzed these cell lines using a combined methodology involving glycan-binding lectins and two-dimensional electrophoresis and identified several differentially secreted factors, including osteonectin and haptoglobin. Result Notably, comparative analyses also revealed that MCF-7 cells produced differentially N-glycosylated forms of haptoglobin. Conclusion The present data suggested that osteonectin and haptoglobin might have potential to be served as potential biomarkers for breast cancer. However, further investigation is needed to validate the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aik-Aun Tan
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, 11800 Malaysia
| | - Alan Kang-Wai Mu
- Department of Oral Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603 Malaysia
| | - Lik-Voon Kiew
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Building, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603 Malaysia
| | - Yeng Chen
- Department of Oral Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603 Malaysia ; Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603 Malaysia
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Jessie K, Jayapalan JJ, Rahim ZHA, Hashim OH. Aberrant proteins featured in the saliva of habitual betel quid chewers: An indication of early oral premalignancy? Electrophoresis 2014; 35:3504-11. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201400252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Revised: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kala Jessie
- Department of Oral Biology and Biomedical Sciences; Faculty of Dentistry; University of Malaya; Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Jaime Jacqueline Jayapalan
- University of Malaya Centre for Proteomics Research; Faculty of Medicine; University of Malaya; Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Zubaidah Haji Abdul Rahim
- Department of Oral Biology and Biomedical Sciences; Faculty of Dentistry; University of Malaya; Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Onn Haji Hashim
- University of Malaya Centre for Proteomics Research; Faculty of Medicine; University of Malaya; Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
- Department of Molecular Medicine; Faculty of Medicine; University of Malaya; Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
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13
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Identification of host-immune response protein candidates in the sera of human oral squamous cell carcinoma patients. PLoS One 2014; 9:e109012. [PMID: 25272005 PMCID: PMC4182798 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 09/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the most common cancers worldwide is oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), which is associated with a significant death rate and has been linked to several risk factors. Notably, failure to detect these neoplasms at an early stage represents a fundamental barrier to improving the survival and quality of life of OSCC patients. In the present study, serum samples from OSCC patients (n = 25) and healthy controls (n = 25) were subjected to two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and silver staining in order to identify biomarkers that might allow early diagnosis. In this regard, 2-DE spots corresponding to various up- and down-regulated proteins were sequenced via high-resolution MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and analyzed using the MASCOT database. We identified the following differentially expressed host-specific proteins within sera from OSCC patients: leucine-rich α2-glycoprotein (LRG), alpha-1-B-glycoprotein (ABG), clusterin (CLU), PRO2044, haptoglobin (HAP), complement C3c (C3), proapolipoprotein A1 (proapo-A1), and retinol-binding protein 4 precursor (RBP4). Moreover, five non-host factors were detected, including bacterial antigens from Acinetobacter lwoffii, Burkholderia multivorans, Myxococcus xanthus, Laribacter hongkongensis, and Streptococcus salivarius. Subsequently, we analyzed the immunogenicity of these proteins using pooled sera from OSCC patients. In this regard, five of these candidate biomarkers were found to be immunoreactive: CLU, HAP, C3, proapo-A1 and RBP4. Taken together, our immunoproteomics approach has identified various serum biomarkers that could facilitate the development of early diagnostic tools for OSCC.
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14
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Smith CR, Batruch I, Bauça JM, Kosanam H, Ridley J, Bernardini MQ, Leung F, Diamandis EP, Kulasingam V. Deciphering the peptidome of urine from ovarian cancer patients and healthy controls. Clin Proteomics 2014; 11:23. [PMID: 24982608 PMCID: PMC4065538 DOI: 10.1186/1559-0275-11-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ovarian cancer (OvCa) is the most lethal gynecological malignancy. The emergence of high-throughput technologies, such as mass spectrometry, has allowed for a paradigm shift in the way we search for novel biomarkers. Urine-based peptidomic profiling is a novel approach that may result in the discovery of noninvasive biomarkers for diagnosing patients with OvCa. In this study, the peptidome of urine from 6 ovarian cancer patients and 6 healthy controls was deciphered. Results Urine samples underwent ultrafiltration and the filtrate was subjected to solid phase extraction, followed by fractionation using strong cation exchange chromatography. These fractions were analyzed using an Orbitrap mass spectrometer. Over 4600 unique endogenous urine peptides arising from 713 proteins were catalogued, representing the largest urine peptidome reported to date. Each specimen was processed in triplicate and reproducibility at the protein (69-76%) and peptide (58-63%) levels were noted. More importantly, over 3100 unique peptides were detected solely in OvCa specimens. One such promising biomarker was leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein (LRG1), where multiple peptides were found in all urines from OvCa patients, but only one peptide was found in one healthy control urine sample. Conclusions Mining the urine peptidome may yield highly promising novel OvCa biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R Smith
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada ; Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ihor Batruch
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Josep Miquel Bauça
- Servei d'Anàlisis Clíniques, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Hari Kosanam
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Julia Ridley
- Department of Psychosocial Oncology and Palliative Care, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada ; Division of Palliative Care, Department of Community and Palliative Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Marcus Q Bernardini
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Felix Leung
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada ; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, 200 Elizabeth Street, Room 3 EB 362A, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Eleftherios P Diamandis
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada ; Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada ; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, 200 Elizabeth Street, Room 3 EB 362A, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Vathany Kulasingam
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada ; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, 200 Elizabeth Street, Room 3 EB 362A, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
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15
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Sogabe M, Nozaki H, Tanaka N, Kubota T, Kaji H, Kuno A, Togayachi A, Gotoh M, Nakanishi H, Nakanishi T, Mikami M, Suzuki N, Kiguchi K, Ikehara Y, Narimatsu H. Novel glycobiomarker for ovarian cancer that detects clear cell carcinoma. J Proteome Res 2014; 13:1624-35. [PMID: 24498956 DOI: 10.1021/pr401109n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is often asymptomatic and thus diagnosed at advanced stages with a poor prognosis. False-negative results for the conventional marker CA125 frequently occur in cases of clear cell carcinoma (CCC), a type of EOC; therefore, it is necessary to develop biomarkers with greater sensitivity. We previously reported a strategy to discover glycobiomarker candidates by combined lectin microarray and IGOT-LC/MS analysis. We have now optimized this strategy for discovering EOC biomarkers. Glycopeptides possessing cancerous glycans were enriched from the ascites fluids and culture supernatants of cancer cell lines with a fucose-binding lectin, AAL. IGOT-LC/MS analysis of CCC samples yielded 144 candidate glycoproteins. We selected WFA by lectin microarray as the optimal lectin to distinguish EOC from gastric and colon cancer. The candidates were narrowed by Western analysis of the WFA-bound fraction of ascites fluids. One of the final candidates, WFA-reactive ceruloplasmin, produced higher signals in the ascites fluids of EOC patients, including CCC, in comparison with the benign samples, while CA125 levels were comparable in the sandwich ELISA. Thus, our glycoproteomic strategy featuring efficient enrichment of glycans with disease-related alterations is applicable to various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maki Sogabe
- Research Center for Medical Glycoscience (RCMG), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) , Central-2, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan
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16
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Identification of O-glycosylated proteins that are aberrantly excreted in the urine of patients with early stage ovarian cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:7923-31. [PMID: 23579955 PMCID: PMC3645724 DOI: 10.3390/ijms14047923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2013] [Revised: 03/04/2013] [Accepted: 03/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is known to induce or alter the O-glycosylation of selective proteins that may eventually be excreted in the patients' urine. The present study was performed to identify O-glycosylated proteins that are aberrantly excreted in the urine of patients with early stage ovarian cancer (OCa). These urinary glycoproteins are potential biomarkers for early detection of OCa. In this study, urinary proteins of patients with early stage OCa and age-matched OCa negative women were subjected to two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and detection using a lectin that binds to the O-glycosylated proteins. Our analysis demonstrated significant enhanced expression of clusterin and leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein, but lower levels of kininogen in the urine of the OCa patients compared to the controls. The different altered levels of these urinary glycoproteins were further confirmed using competitive ELISA. Our data are suggestive of the potential use of the aberrantly excreted urinary O-glycosylated proteins as biomarkers for the early detection of OCa, although this requires further validation in a large clinically representative population.
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17
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Jayapalan JJ, Ng KL, Razack AHA, Hashim OH. Identification of potential complementary serum biomarkers to differentiate prostate cancer from benign prostatic hyperplasia using gel- and lectin-based proteomics analyses. Electrophoresis 2012; 33:1855-62. [PMID: 22740474 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201100608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa) is currently much reliant on the invasive and time-consuming transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy of the prostate gland, particularly in light of the inefficient use of prostate-specific antigen as its biomarker. In the present study, we have profiled the sera of patients with PCa and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) using the gel- and lectin-based proteomics methods and demonstrated the significant differential expression of apolipoprotein AII, complement C3 beta chain fragment, inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 fragment, transthyretin, alpha-1-antitrypsin, and high molecular weight kininogen (light chain) between the two groups of patients' samples. Our data are suggestive of the potential use of the serum proteins as complementary biomarkers to effectively discriminate PCa from BPH, although this requires further extensive validation on clinically representative populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime J Jayapalan
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya Centre for Proteomics Research, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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18
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Schlatzer DM, Dazard JE, Ewing RM, Ilchenko S, Tomcheko SE, Eid S, Ho V, Yanik G, Chance MR, Cooke KR. Human biomarker discovery and predictive models for disease progression for idiopathic pneumonia syndrome following allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Mol Cell Proteomics 2012; 11:M111.015479. [PMID: 22337588 PMCID: PMC3433920 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m111.015479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2011] [Revised: 02/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (SCT) is the only curative therapy for many malignant and nonmalignant conditions. Idiopathic pneumonia syndrome (IPS) is a frequently fatal complication that limits successful outcomes. Preclinical models suggest that IPS represents an immune mediated attack on the lung involving elements of both the adaptive and the innate immune system. However, the etiology of IPS in humans is less well understood. To explore the disease pathway and uncover potential biomarkers of disease, we performed two separate label-free, proteomics experiments defining the plasma protein profiles of allogeneic SCT patients with IPS. Samples obtained from SCT recipients without complications served as controls. The initial discovery study, intended to explore the disease pathway in humans, identified a set of 81 IPS-associated proteins. These data revealed similarities between the known IPS pathways in mice and the condition in humans, in particular in the acute phase response. In addition, pattern recognition pathways were judged to be significant as a function of development of IPS, and from this pathway we chose the lipopolysaccaharide-binding protein (LBP) protein as a candidate molecular diagnostic for IPS, and verified its increase as a function of disease using an ELISA assay. In a separately designed study, we identified protein-based classifiers that could predict, at day 0 of SCT, patients who: 1) progress to IPS and 2) respond to cytokine neutralization therapy. Using cross-validation strategies, we built highly predictive classifier models of both disease progression and therapeutic response. In sum, data generated in this report confirm previous clinical and experimental findings, provide new insights into the pathophysiology of IPS, identify potential molecular classifiers of the condition, and uncover a set of markers potentially of interest for patient stratification as a basis for individualized therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rob M. Ewing
- From the ‡Center for Proteomics and Bioinformatics
- §Department of Genetics
| | | | | | - Saada Eid
- ¶Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
| | - Vincent Ho
- ‖Department of Pediatrics, Blood and Marrow Transplantation Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Greg Yanik
- **Department of Medical Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation Program, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Mark R. Chance
- From the ‡Center for Proteomics and Bioinformatics
- §Department of Genetics
| | - Kenneth R. Cooke
- ¶Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
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19
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Kazuno S, Fujimura T, Arai T, Ueno T, Nagao K, Fujime M, Murayama K. Multi-sequential surface plasmon resonance analysis of haptoglobin–lectin complex in sera of patients with malignant and benign prostate diseases. Anal Biochem 2011; 419:241-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2011.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2011] [Revised: 08/16/2011] [Accepted: 08/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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20
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Yeng C, Osman E, Mohamed Z, Noordin R. Detection of immunogenic parasite and host-specific proteins in the sera of active and chronic individuals infected with Toxoplasma gondii. Electrophoresis 2011; 31:3843-9. [PMID: 21080484 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201000038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii infection in pregnant women may result in abortion and foetal abnormalities, and may be life-threatening in immunocompromised hosts. To identify the potential infection markers of this disease, 2-DE and Western blot methods were employed to study the parasite circulating antigens and host-specific proteins in the sera of T. gondii-infected individuals. The comparisons were made between serum protein profiles of infected (n=31) and normal (n=10) subjects. Antigenic proteins were identified by immunoblotting using pooled sera and monoclonal anti-human IgM-HRP. Selected protein spots were characterised using mass spectrometry. Prominent differences were observed when serum samples of T. gondii-infected individuals and normal controls were compared. A significant up-regulation of host-specific proteins, α(2)-HS glycoprotein and α(1)-B glycoprotein, was also observed in the silver-stained gels of both active and chronic infections. However, only α(2)-HS glycoprotein and α(1)-B glycoprotein in the active infection showed immunoreactivity in Western blots. In addition, three spots of T. gondii proteins were detected, namely (i) hypothetical protein chrXII: 3984434-3 TGME 49, (ii) dual specificity protein phosphatase, catalytic domain TGME 49 and (iii) NADPH-cytochrome p450 reductase TGME 49. Thus, 2-DE approach followed by Western blotting has enabled the identification of five potential infection markers for the diagnosis of toxoplasmosis: three are parasite-specific proteins and two are host-specific proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yeng
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
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21
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Chemically induced breast tumors in rats are detectable in early stages by contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging but not by changes in the acute-phase reactants in serum. Int J Mol Sci 2011; 12:1030-40. [PMID: 21541040 PMCID: PMC3083687 DOI: 10.3390/ijms12021030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2010] [Revised: 02/04/2011] [Accepted: 02/04/2011] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to develop a rat model for monitoring the early development of breast cancer. Twelve female rats were divided into two groups of six rats that were either treated with N-methyl-N-nitrosourea to induce breast cancer or with bacterial lipopolysaccharide to induce inflammation. Serum samples taken from the rats prior to the treatment were used as controls. By the 14th week, presence of the tumor was detectable by contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging and confirmed by histopathology. When the serum proteins of the rats were examined by 2-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE), no difference could be detected in the profiles of all proteins before and 18 weeks after administration of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea. However, higher expression of alpha-1B glycoprotein was detectable by 2-DE in serum samples of rats at the 18th week post-treatment with lipopolysaccharide.
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22
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An improved protocol for N-glycosylation analysis of gel-separated sialylated glycoproteins by MALDI-TOF/TOF. PLoS One 2010; 5:e15096. [PMID: 21124746 PMCID: PMC2994013 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0015096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2010] [Accepted: 10/20/2010] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Different glycoforms of some proteins have been identified as differential spots for certain diseases in 2-DE, indicating disease-related glycosylation changes. It is routine to determine the site-specific glycosylation of nonsialylated N-glycoproteins from a single gel spot, but some obstacles still exist in analyzing sialylated glycoproteins due to the lability and higher detection limit of acid glycans in MALDI-TOF/TOF analysis. Thus, we present an improved protocol here. Tryptic glycopeptides were separated and subjected to MALDI-TOF/TOF analysis, resulting in the identification of site-specific glycosylation of high-intensity glycopeptides. Sequential deglycosylation and desialylation were used to improve the identification of glycosylation sites and desialylated glycans. The site-specific glycosylation of large glycopeptides and low-intensity glycopeptides was deduced based on the masses of glycopeptides, deglycosylated peptides and desialylated glycans. By applying it to 2-DE separated human serum, the difference of N-glycosylation was successfully determined for α1-antitrypsin between different gel spots.
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23
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Seriramalu R, Pang WW, Jayapalan JJ, Mohamed E, Abdul-Rahman PS, Bustam AZ, Khoo ASB, Hashim OH. Application of champedak mannose-binding lectin in the glycoproteomic profiling of serum samples unmasks reduced expression of alpha-2 macroglobulin and complement factor B in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Electrophoresis 2010; 31:2388-95. [PMID: 20575108 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201000164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The use of lectin affinity chromatography prior to 2-DE separation forms an alternative method to unmask the expression of targeted glycoproteins of lower abundance in serum samples. Reduced expression of alpha-2 macroglobulin (AMG) and complement factor B (CFB) was detected in sera of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) when pooled serum samples of the patients and those of healthy individuals were subjected to affinity isolation using immobilized champedak mannose-binding lectin and analyzed by 2-DE and densitometry. The AMG and CFB spots were not detected in the 2-DE protein profiles when the same pooled serum samples were subjected to albumin and IgG depletion and neither were they detected when the depleted samples were analyzed by western blotting and lectin detection. Together with other acute-phase response proteins that were previously reported to be altered in expression in NPC patients, AMG and CFB may serve as useful complementary biomarkers for NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramarao Seriramalu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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24
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Fredolini C, Meani F, Luchini A, Zhou W, Russo P, Ross M, Patanarut A, Tamburro D, Gambara G, Ornstein D, Odicino F, Ragnoli M, Ravaggi A, Novelli F, Collura D, D'Urso L, Muto G, Belluco C, Pecorelli S, Liotta L, Petricoin EF. Investigation of the ovarian and prostate cancer peptidome for candidate early detection markers using a novel nanoparticle biomarker capture technology. AAPS JOURNAL 2010; 12:504-18. [PMID: 20549403 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-010-9211-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2010] [Accepted: 06/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Current efforts to identify protein biomarkers of disease use mainly mass spectrometry (MS) to analyze tissue and blood specimens. The low-molecular-weight "peptidome" is an attractive information archive because of the facile nature by which the low-molecular-weight information freely crosses the endothelial cell barrier of the vasculature, which provides opportunity to measure disease microenvironment-associated protein analytes secreted or shed into the extracellular interstitium and from there into the circulation. However, identifying useful protein biomarkers (peptidomic or not) which could be useful to detect early detection/monitoring of disease, toxicity, doping, or drug abuse has been severely hampered because even the most sophisticated, high-resolution MS technologies have lower sensitivities than those of the immunoassays technologies now routinely used in clinical practice. Identification of novel low abundance biomarkers that are indicative of early-stage events that likely exist in the sub-nanogram per milliliter concentration range of known markers, such as prostate-specific antigen, cannot be readily detected by current MS technologies. We have developed a new nanoparticle technology that can, in one step, capture, concentrate, and separate the peptidome from high-abundance blood proteins. Herein, we describe an initial pilot study whereby the peptidome content of ovarian and prostate cancer patients is investigated with this method. Differentially abundant candidate peptidome biomarkers that appear to be specific for early-stage ovarian and prostate cancer have been identified and reveal the potential utility for this new methodology.
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25
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Zsila F. Inhibition of heat- and chemical-induced aggregation of various proteins reveals chaperone-like activity of the acute-phase component and serine protease inhibitor human alpha(1)-antitrypsin. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2010; 393:242-7. [PMID: 20117085 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.01.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2010] [Accepted: 01/27/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In vitro chaperone-like activity of the serpin family member and plasma acute-phase component human alpha(1)-antitrypsin (AAT) has been shown for the first time. Results of light-scattering experiments demonstrated that AAT efficiently inhibits both heat- and chemical-induced aggregation of various test proteins including alcohol dehydrogenase, aldolase, carbonic anhydrase, catalase, citrate synthase, enolase, glutathione S-transferase, l-lactate dehydrogenase, and beta(L)-crystallin. The results suggest that the unique metastable serpin architecture enables dual function, protease inhibiton as well as chaperone activity and highlight the serpin superfamily as a possible source of additional intra- and extracellular chaperones (e.g. alpha(1)-antichymotrypsin). The present finding is surprising in the light of the well-known role of mutated forms of AAT and other serpins in the pathogenesis of diseases called serpinopathies that featured with aberrant conformational transitions and consequent self-aggregation of serpin proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferenc Zsila
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Chemical Research Center, Budapest, Pusztaszeri út, Hungary.
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26
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Cancer-specific MALDI-TOF profiles of blood serum and plasma: biological meaning and perspectives. J Proteomics 2009; 73:537-51. [PMID: 19782778 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2009.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2009] [Revised: 09/14/2009] [Accepted: 09/16/2009] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
MALDI-TOF mass-spectrometry has become a popular tool of cancer research during the last decade. High throughput and relative simplicity of this technology have made it attractive for biomarker discovery and validation across various platforms in blood serum/plasma. Many technical approaches have been developed for plasma/serum profiling including protein-chip based SELDI-TOF mass-spectrometry, purification of serum on magnetic beads, analysis of carrier-associated fraction and mass-spectrometric immunoassays. Extensive data about the identity of differential features detected on mass-spectra up to now makes it possible to draw conclusions about potency and perspectives of MALDI-TOF mass-spectrometry in this field. A great majority of identified differentially expressed proteins are either house-keeping or inflammatory proteins as well as their modifications or fragments. Discriminating ability of mass-spectra is likely to be based on differential modification and fragmentation patterns of abundant serum proteins reflecting activity of enzymes including proteases and their inhibitors.
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27
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Chen Y, Lim BK, Hashim OH. Different altered stage correlative expression of high abundance acute-phase proteins in sera of patients with epithelial ovarian carcinoma. J Hematol Oncol 2009; 2:37. [PMID: 19709441 PMCID: PMC2739531 DOI: 10.1186/1756-8722-2-37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2009] [Accepted: 08/27/2009] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The general enhanced expression of α1-antichymotrypsin (ACT), clusterin (CLU), α1-antitrypsin (AAT), haptoglobin β-chain (HAP), and leucine rich glycoprotein (LRG) in the sera of patients with epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOCa) was recently reported. In the present study, we compared the expression of the serum acute-phase proteins (APPs) in the patients according to their stages of cancer. Results Different altered stage correlative expression of the high abundance serum APPs was demonstrated in sera of the patients studied. While the expression of ACT, HAP and AAT appeared to demonstrate positive correlation with the three initial stages of the cancer, inverse correlation was apparently detected in the expression of LRG and CLU. For patients who were diagnosed with stage IV of the cancer, expression of the serum APPs did not conform to the altered progression changes. Conclusion Our results highlight the potential prognostic significance of selective high abundance serum APPs in patients with EOCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeng Chen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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