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Lee Y, Park SM, Song IH, Kim BS, Park HS, Moon BS, Kim HH. Pharmacokinetic evaluation of paclitaxel, albumin-binding paclitaxel, and liposomal-encapsulated albumin-binding paclitaxel upon gastric subserosal administration. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1381406. [PMID: 38904000 PMCID: PMC11187257 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1381406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Systemic chemotherapy is typically administered following radical gastrectomy for advanced stage. To attenuate systemic side effects, we evaluated the effectiveness of regional chemotherapy using paclitaxel, albumin-paclitaxel, and liposome-encapsulated albumin-paclitaxel via subserosal injection in rat models employing nuclear medicine and molecular imaging technology. Method: Nine Sprague Dawley rats were divided into three groups: paclitaxel (n = 3), albumin-paclitaxel nano-particles (APNs; n = 3), and liposome-encapsulated APNs (n = 3). [123I]Iodo-paclitaxel ([123I]I-paclitaxel) was synthesized by conventional electrophilic radioiodination using tert-butylstannyl substituted paclitaxel as the precursor. Albumin-[123I]iodo-paclitaxel nanoparticles ([123I]APNs) were prepared using a desolvation technique. Liposome-encapsulated APNs (L-[123I]APNs) were prepared by thin-film hydration using DSPE-PEG2000, HSPC, and cholesterol. The rats in each group were injected with each test drug into the subserosa of the stomach antrum. After predetermined times (30 min, 2, 4, 8 h, and 24 h), molecular images of nuclear medicine were acquired using single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography. Results: Paclitaxel, APNs, and L-APNs showed a high cumulative distribution in the stomach, with L-APNs showing the largest area under the curve. Most drugs administered via the gastric subserosal route are distributed in the stomach and intestines, with a low uptake of less than 1% in other major organs. The time to reach the maximum concentration in the intestine for L-APNs, paclitaxel, and APNs was 6.67, 5.33, and 4.00 h, respectively. Conclusion: These preliminary results imply that L-APNs have the potential to serve as a novel paclitaxel preparation method for the regional treatment of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoontaek Lee
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Seoul Hospital, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Mi Park
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ewha Womans University Seoul Hospital, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In Ho Song
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Bom Sahn Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ewha Womans University Seoul Hospital, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Soo Park
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- molim, Inc., Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Seok Moon
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ewha Womans University Seoul Hospital, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Ho Kim
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
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Liang M, Wang X, Cai D, Guan W, Shen X. Tissue-resident memory T cells in gastrointestinal tumors: turning immune desert into immune oasis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1119383. [PMID: 36969190 PMCID: PMC10033836 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1119383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue-resident memory T cells (Trm) are a particular type of T cell subgroup, which stably reside in tissues and have been revealed to be the most abundant memory T cell population in various tissues. They can be activated in the local microenvironment by infection or tumor cells and rapidly clean them up to restore homeostasis of local immunity in gastrointestinal tissues. Emerging evidence has shown that tissue-resident memory T cells have great potential to be mucosal guardians against gastrointestinal tumors. Therefore, they are considered potential immune markers for immunotherapy of gastrointestinal tumors and potential extraction objects for cell therapy with essential prospects in clinical translational therapy. This paper systematically reviews the role of tissue-resident memory T cells in gastrointestinal tumors and looks to the future of their prospect in immunotherapy to provide a reference for clinical application.
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Breugelmans T, Oosterlinck B, Arras W, Ceuleers H, De Man J, Hold GL, De Winter BY, Smet A. The role of mucins in gastrointestinal barrier function during health and disease. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 7:455-471. [DOI: 10.1016/s2468-1253(21)00431-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Dendritic Cell Vaccine Loaded with MG-7 Antigen Induces Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Responses against Gastric Cancer. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2022; 2022:1964081. [PMID: 35480145 PMCID: PMC9038393 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1964081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are antigen-presenting cells that can activate T cells and initiate a primary immune response. Personalized DC vaccines have demonstrated a modest antitumor potential in some clinical pilot studies. However, those vaccines are difficult to manufacture and have a limited antitumor response. In this study, a lentiviral vector-programmed DC vaccine with high antitumor responses is developed. By transfecting with a lentiviral vector, the DC vaccine is loaded with MG-7 antigen (MG-7Ag). Three representative gastric cancer cell lines, such as KATO-3, MKN45, and SNU16, are used to estimate the in vitro cytotoxic effect of the MG-7Ag DC vaccine. Furthermore, we examine the in vivo antitumor efficacy of specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) induced by the MG-7Ag DC vaccine in patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mice models. The current data demonstrate that the MG-7Ag DC vaccine induced a potent CTL activity. Those CTLs have a significant cytotoxic effect on both KATO-3 and MKN45 with high level of MG-7 expression. In addition, MG-7Ag DC vaccine-mediated CTLs significantly inhibit the growth of tumor xenografts in nude mice. The MG-7Ag DC vaccine activate the cytotoxic effect of lymphocytes and can be employed as a vaccine in gastric cancer immunotherapy.
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The Potential of Tissue-Resident Memory T Cells for Adoptive Immunotherapy against Cancer. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092234. [PMID: 34571883 PMCID: PMC8465847 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM) comprise an important memory T cell subset that mediates local protection upon pathogen re-encounter. TRM populations preferentially localize at entry sites of pathogens, including epithelia of the skin, lungs and intestine, but have also been observed in secondary lymphoid tissue, brain, liver and kidney. More recently, memory T cells characterized as TRM have also been identified in tumors, including but not limited to melanoma, lung carcinoma, cervical carcinoma, gastric carcinoma and ovarian carcinoma. The presence of these memory T cells has been strongly associated with favorable clinical outcomes, which has generated an interest in targeting TRM cells to improve immunotherapy of cancer patients. Nevertheless, intratumoral TRM have also been found to express checkpoint inhibitory receptors, such as PD-1 and LAG-3. Triggering of such inhibitory receptors could induce dysfunction, often referred to as exhaustion, which may limit the effectiveness of TRM in countering tumor growth. A better understanding of the differentiation and function of TRM in tumor settings is crucial to deploy these memory T cells in future treatment options of cancer patients. The purpose of this review is to provide the current status of an important cancer immunotherapy known as TIL therapy, insight into the role of TRM in the context of antitumor immunity, and the challenges and opportunities to exploit these cells for TIL therapy to ultimately improve cancer treatment.
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Takahashi H, Shimodaira S, Ogasawara M, Ota S, Kobayashi M, Abe H, Morita Y, Nagai K, Tsujitani S, Okamoto M, Suzuki Y, Nakanishi Y, Yonemitsu Y. Lung adenocarcinoma may be a more susceptive subtype to a dendritic cell-based cancer vaccine than other subtypes of non-small cell lung cancers: a multicenter retrospective analysis. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2016; 65:1099-111. [PMID: 27448677 PMCID: PMC11029687 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-016-1872-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The J-SICT DC Vaccine Study Group provides dendritic cell (DC) vaccines for compassionate use under unified cell production and patient treatment regimens. We previously reported beneficial effects of DC vaccines on the overall survival of 62 patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in a single-center analysis. Here, we extended analysis to 260 patients with NSCLC who were treated at six centers. METHODS Of the 337 patients who met the inclusion criteria, we analyzed 260 patients who received ≥5 peptide-pulsed DC vaccinations once every 2 weeks. RESULTS The mean survival time (MST) from diagnosis was 33.0 months (95 % confidence interval [CI]: 27.9-39.2), and that from time of first vaccination was 13.8 months (95 % CI 11.4-16.8). An erythema reaction at the injection site that was ≥30 mm in diameter was correlated most strongly with overall survival from the first vaccine (≥30 vs. < 30 mm: MST 20.4 vs. 8.8 months, P < 0.001). We reported a similar finding in our previous analysis of patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. Interestingly, although such findings were common between patients with adenocarcinoma and those with other subtypes, the former group experienced significantly prolonged overall survival and a higher response rate for erythema (56.3 vs. 37.3 %, respectively, P = 0.014). CONCLUSIONS This is the first multicenter study that suggests a possible clinical benefit of DC vaccines for patients with advanced NSCLC, especially those with adenocarcinoma. These findings suggest a specific potential responder population for DC vaccines and warrant further investigation in well-controlled prospective randomized trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidenori Takahashi
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- R&D Laboratory for Innovative Biotherapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Seren Clinic Fukuoka, Fukuoka, 810-0001, Japan
| | - Shigetaka Shimodaira
- Cell Processing Center, Shinshu University Hospital, Matsumoto, Nagano, 390-8621, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ogasawara
- Department of Hematology, Sapporo Hokuyu Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 003-0006, Japan
| | - Shuichi Ota
- Department of Hematology, Sapporo Hokuyu Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 003-0006, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Kazuhiro Nagai
- Transfusion and Cell Therapy Unit, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
| | - Shunichi Tsujitani
- Tottori University Hospital Cancer Center, Tottori, Yonago, 683-8504, Japan
| | - Masato Okamoto
- Department of Advanced Immunotherapeutics, Kitasato University School of Pharmacy, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan
| | - Yukio Suzuki
- Division of Clinical Medicine, Research and Education Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Kitasato University School of Pharmacy, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan
| | - Yoichi Nakanishi
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Yonemitsu
- R&D Laboratory for Innovative Biotherapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
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Okamoto M, Kobayashi M, Yonemitsu Y, Koido S, Homma S. Dendritic cell-based vaccine for pancreatic cancer in Japan. World J Gastrointest Pharmacol Ther 2016; 7:133-138. [PMID: 26855819 PMCID: PMC4734946 DOI: 10.4292/wjgpt.v7.i1.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Revised: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
“Vaccell” is a dendritic cell (DC)-based cancer vaccine which has been established in Japan. The DCs play central roles in deciding the direction of host immune reactions as well as antigen presentation. We have demonstrated that DCs treated with a streptococcal immune adjuvant OK-432, produce interleukin-12, induce Th1-dominant state, and elicit anti-tumor effects, more powerful than those treated with the known DC-maturating factors. We therefore decided to mature DCs by the OK-432 for making an effective DC vaccine, Vaccell. The 255 patients with inoperable pancreatic cancer who received standard chemotherapy combined with DC vaccines, were analyzed retrospectively. Survival time of the patients with positive delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) skin reaction was significantly prolonged as compared with that of the patients with negative DTH. The findings strongly suggest that there may be “Responders” for the DC vaccine in advanced pancreatic cancer patients. We next conducted a small-scale prospective clinical study. In this trial, we pulsed HLA class II-restricted WT1 peptide (WT1-II) in addition to HLA class I-restricted peptide (WT1-I) into the DCs. Survival of the patients received WT1-I and -II pulsed DC vaccine was significantly extended as compared to that of the patients received DCs pulsed with WT1-I or WT1-II alone. Furthermore, WT1-specific DTH positive patients showed significantly improved the overall survival as well as progression-free survival as compared to the DTH negative patients. The activation of antigen-specific immune responses by DC vaccine in combination with standard chemotherapy may be associated with a good clinical outcome in advanced pancreatic cancer. We are now planning a pivotal study of the Vaccell in appropriate protocols in Japan.
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Dendritic Cell-Based Adjuvant Vaccination Targeting Wilms' Tumor 1 in Patients with Advanced Colorectal Cancer. Vaccines (Basel) 2015; 3:1004-18. [PMID: 26690485 PMCID: PMC4693229 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines3041004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite significant recent advances in the development of immune checkpoint inhibitors, the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer involving metastasis to distant organs remains challenging. We conducted a phase I study to investigate the safety and immunogenicity of Wilms’ tumor (WT1) class I/II peptides-pulsed dendritic cell DC vaccination for patients with advanced colorectal cancer. Standard treatment comprising surgical resection and chemotherapy was followed by one course of seven biweekly administrations of 1–2 × 107 DCs with 1–2 KE of OK-432 (streptococcal preparation) in three patients. Clinical efficacy was confirmed based on WT1 expression using immunohistochemistry on paraffin-embedded tissues and immune monitoring using tetramer analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot (ELISPOT) assays. WT1 expression with human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-class I molecules was detected in surgical resected tissues. Adverse reactions to DC vaccinations were tolerable under an adjuvant setting. WT1-specific cytotoxic T cells were detected by both modified WT1-peptide/HLA-A*24:02 tetramer analysis and/or interferon-γ-producing cells through the use of ELISPOT assays after the first DC vaccination. Immunity acquired from DC vaccination persisted for two years with prolonged disease-free and overall survival. The present study indicated that DC vaccination targeting WT1 demonstrated the safety and immunogenicity as an adjuvant therapy in patients with resectable advanced colorectal cancer.
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