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Sciorio R, Tramontano L, Campos G, Greco PF, Mondrone G, Surbone A, Greco E, Talevi R, Pluchino N, Fleming S. Vitrification of human blastocysts for couples undergoing assisted reproduction: an updated review. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1398049. [PMID: 38827525 PMCID: PMC11140474 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1398049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the past 40 years there has been a worldwide critical change in the field of assisted reproduction technology (ART), leading to the increased application of single blastocyst transfer, which is extremely important to avoid the risks of multiple pregnancy and associated complications for both mother and babies. Indeed, advancements in ART over the last few decades have been obtained thanks to several improvements, including ovarian stimulation, embryo culture conditions and, of course, progress in cryopreservation methods, especially with the application of vitrification. The ability to cryopreserve human embryos has improved significantly with vitrification compared to the initially adopted slow-freezing procedures. Since the introduction of vitrification, it has become the gold standard method to effectively cryopreserve human blastocysts. However, some new protocols are now being explored, such as the short warming procedure and even shorter exposure to the equilibration solution before vitrification, which seem to provide optimal results. Therefore, the main aim of the current narrative review, will be to illustrate the benefit of vitrification as an effective method to cryopreserve the human blastocyst and to illustrate new protocols and variations which in future may increase the performance of vitrification protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romualdo Sciorio
- Fertility Medicine and Gynaecological Endocrinology Unit, Department Woman Mother Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Luca Tramontano
- Département de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Réseau Hospitalier Neuchâtelois, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Gerard Campos
- Fertility Geisinger Medical Center, Women’s Health Fertility Clinic, Danville, PA, United States
- GIREXX Fertility Clinics, Girona-Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Anna Surbone
- Fertility Medicine and Gynaecological Endocrinology Unit, Department Woman Mother Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ermanno Greco
- Villa Mafalda, Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Rome, Italy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, UniCamillus, International Medical University, Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Talevi
- Dipartimento di Biologia Strutturale e Funzionale, Universita’ di Napoli ‘Federico II’, Complesso Universitario di Monte S, Napoli, Italy
| | - Nicola Pluchino
- Fertility Medicine and Gynaecological Endocrinology Unit, Department Woman Mother Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Steven Fleming
- Discipline of Anatomy and Histology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Li M, Zhang N, Huang J, Li Q, Li J, Li R, Liu P, Qiao J. Obstetrical and neonatal outcomes after vitrified-warmed blastocyst transfer in day 1 rescue intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles: a retrospective cohort study. J Assist Reprod Genet 2024:10.1007/s10815-024-03126-5. [PMID: 38709401 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-024-03126-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fertilization failure often occurs in conventional IVF cycles, and day 1 rescue ICSI is frequently recommended. In this study, the effect of rescue ICSI on obstetrical and neonatal outcomes after a single blastocyst transfer in vitrified-warmed cycles is evaluated. METHODS This cohort study was a retrospective analysis of 703 vitrified-warmed single blastocyst transfers and 219 singletons in the r-ICSI group compared with 11,611 vitrified-warmed single blastocyst transfers in the IVF/ICSI and 4472 singletons in the IVF/ICSI group, respectively, and patients just undergoing their first IVF treatments were included in this study. Pregnancy rate (PR), live birth rate (LBR), and singleton birthweight were the primary outcome measures. Multiple linear regression analysis and logistic regression analysis were performed to evaluate the possible relationship between obstetrical and neonatal outcomes and fertilization method (including IVF, ICSI, and r-ICSI) after adjusting for other potential confounding factors. RESULTS PR and the LBR were lower in the r-ICSI group compared with the IVF/ ICSI group. Singletons from the r-ICSI group had a higher Z-score and the proportion of large for gestational age (LGA) newborns was greater compared with singletons from the IVF/ICSI group. CONCLUSION The results of the study indicated that a 31% LBR after r-ICSI is acceptable for vitrified-warmed blastocyst transfer, but the safety of transfer is a concern because of the lower PR and LBR compared with IVF/ICSI. The safety of r-ICSI newborns is also a concern because of the significantly higher birthweight and the proportion of LGA in r-ICSI group newborns compared with the IVF/ICSI group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Medical, Peking University Third Hospital, Haidian District, No. 49 North Huayuan Road, Beijing, 10091, China.
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction Peking University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 10091, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproduction Technology, Beijing, 100191, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing, 10091, China.
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Medical, Peking University Third Hospital, Haidian District, No. 49 North Huayuan Road, Beijing, 10091, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction Peking University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 10091, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproduction Technology, Beijing, 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing, 10091, China
| | - Jin Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Medical, Peking University Third Hospital, Haidian District, No. 49 North Huayuan Road, Beijing, 10091, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction Peking University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 10091, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproduction Technology, Beijing, 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing, 10091, China
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Medical, Peking University Third Hospital, Haidian District, No. 49 North Huayuan Road, Beijing, 10091, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction Peking University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 10091, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproduction Technology, Beijing, 100191, China
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 10091, China
| | - JunSheng Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Medical, Peking University Third Hospital, Haidian District, No. 49 North Huayuan Road, Beijing, 10091, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction Peking University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 10091, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproduction Technology, Beijing, 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing, 10091, China
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Medical, Peking University Third Hospital, Haidian District, No. 49 North Huayuan Road, Beijing, 10091, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction Peking University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 10091, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproduction Technology, Beijing, 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing, 10091, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Medical, Peking University Third Hospital, Haidian District, No. 49 North Huayuan Road, Beijing, 10091, China.
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction Peking University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 10091, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproduction Technology, Beijing, 100191, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing, 10091, China.
| | - Jie Qiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Medical, Peking University Third Hospital, Haidian District, No. 49 North Huayuan Road, Beijing, 10091, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction Peking University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 10091, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproduction Technology, Beijing, 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing, 10091, China
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Zhu X, Tian T, Jiesisibieke D, Fang S, Zhang N, Ma J, Xia Y, Liu P, Li R, Qiao J, Yang R. Clinical outcome of different embryo transfer strategies after late rescue ICSI procedure: a 10-year total fertilisation failure cohort study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2023; 23:549. [PMID: 37525112 PMCID: PMC10388511 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-023-05859-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Late rescue intracytoplasmic sperm injection (r-ICSI) has not been widely accepted as an alternative solution for unexpected total fertilisation failure (TFF) after in vitro fertilisation (IVF), due to the time-dependent in vitro deterioration of oocyte quality and endometrial growth not being synchronised with embryo development. This study aimed to evaluate the safety profile and effectiveness of freeze-all blastocyst transfer in combination with late r-ICSI. METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study carried out at the Reproductive Centre of Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China. All participants received treatment between 2009 and 2019. 2,270 patients in the aggregate encountered unexpected TFF during 149,054 cycles of IVF and adopted a late r-ICSI procedure. Among these patients, 263 women did not have cleavage-stage embryos available for evaluation. The remaining patients were grouped according to different embryo transfer (ET) strategies (926 women in Group 1 underwent fresh ET, 365 women in Group 2 underwent freeze-all ET, 716 women in Group 3 experienced blastulation failure). Patients received different ET strategies after r-ICSI, with the main outcome measures included live birth rate (LBR), cumulative live birth rate (cLBR), and conservative cLBR. RESULTS TFF occurred in 7.4% of all IVF cycles. Group 1 tended to be older at oocyte retrieval, with more infertile years, higher follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels, higher gonadotropin consumption, and fewer oocytes retrieved. Group 2 exhibited considerably better LBRs following the first ET cycle (37.53% vs. 4.64%) and cLBRs (52.60% vs. 8.21%). After adjustment for covariates using binary logistic regression analyses, Group 2 still showed better obstetric performance in LBRs [OR:11.77, 95% CI (8.42-16.45)], cLBRs (OR:11.29, 95% CI (7.84-16.27)], and conservative cLBRs (OR:2.55, 95% CI (1.83-3.55)]. Additionally, the two groups showed similar miscarriage rates, whilst no new-borns with malformations or congenital diseases were reported. CONCLUSIONS Freeze-all blastocyst stage ET serves as an optimal strategy to support late r-ICSI. However, for women with limited oocytes available for r-ICSI use, weighing the benefits against the costs of the procedure might be prudent before implementing in vitro blastulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaxuan Zhu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 North Huayuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Tian Tian
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 North Huayuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing, 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Dina Jiesisibieke
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 North Huayuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Shilin Fang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 North Huayuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 North Huayuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jinxi Ma
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 North Huayuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yuqi Xia
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 North Huayuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 North Huayuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing, 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Rong Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 North Huayuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing, 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jie Qiao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 North Huayuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing, 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 North Huayuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Zong X, Guo Y, Li H, Li R, Qiao J. Obstetric and perinatal outcomes following frozen and fresh embryo transfer in patients with endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma: a retrospective study in a high-volume reproductive center. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2023; 23:92. [PMID: 36737751 PMCID: PMC9896787 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-023-05418-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is ongoing debate regarding which embryo transfer procedure can achieve a higher live birth rate. Research has suggested that frozen ET might be beneficial for certain populations, such as hyper-responders. This study aimed to compare outcomes of pregnancies between frozen and fresh embryo transfer cycles in patients with endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma. METHODS This retrospective cohort study was conducted at a high-volume reproductive center from January 2010 to January 2022. Patients who were diagnosed with endometrial hyperplasia with atypia and endometrial carcinoma were included. They all underwent in vitro fertilization after conservative treatment. The primary outcome was live birth after frozen and fresh embryo transfer cycles, and secondary outcomes included perinatal complications and other pregnancy outcomes. RESULTS Overall, 259 ET cycles (130 fresh and 129 frozen) were included. The rate of live births per embryo transfer cycle of the whole cohort was 20.8% (54/259), and no significant between-group difference was found after adjusting for potential confounding factors (23.8% vs. 17.8%; adjusted OR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.21-1.06; p=0.068). Compared to fresh embryo transfer group, the incidence of total maternal complications in the frozen embryo transfer group was significantly higher (30.4% vs. 6.5%, p=0.019). Analyzing each complication as a separate entity, patients in the frozen embryo transfer group had a higher incidence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (p=0.028). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that frozen embryo transfer was related with an increased occurrence of maternal complications (OR, 6.68, 95% CI, 1.01-44.19, p=0.040). CONCLUSIONS Among patients with endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma, the rate of live births was comparable between both embryo transfer procedures, while frozen embryo transfer might be associated with a higher risk of maternal complications compared to that with fresh embryo transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zong
- grid.411642.40000 0004 0605 3760Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191 China
| | - Yaxing Guo
- grid.411642.40000 0004 0605 3760Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191 China
| | - Hongzhen Li
- grid.411642.40000 0004 0605 3760Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191 China ,grid.411642.40000 0004 0605 3760National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, 100191 China ,grid.419897.a0000 0004 0369 313XKey Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191 China ,grid.411642.40000 0004 0605 3760Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, 100191 China
| | - Rong Li
- grid.411642.40000 0004 0605 3760Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191 China ,grid.411642.40000 0004 0605 3760National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, 100191 China ,grid.419897.a0000 0004 0369 313XKey Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191 China ,grid.411642.40000 0004 0605 3760Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, 100191 China
| | - Jie Qiao
- grid.411642.40000 0004 0605 3760Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191 China ,grid.411642.40000 0004 0605 3760National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, 100191 China ,grid.419897.a0000 0004 0369 313XKey Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191 China ,grid.411642.40000 0004 0605 3760Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, 100191 China
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Huang J, Rong L, Zeng L, Hu L, Shi J, Cai L, Yao B, Wang XX, Xu Y, Yao Y, Wang Y, Zhao J, Guan Y, Qian W, Hao G, Lu S, Liu P, Qiao J. Embryo selection through non-invasive preimplantation genetic testing with cell-free DNA in spent culture media: a protocol for a multicentre, double-blind, randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e057254. [PMID: 35896299 PMCID: PMC9335017 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-057254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Morphological evaluation is used to select embryos for in vitro fertilisation. However, it does not fully reflect the implantation potential. Preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidies (PGT-A) can detect embryonic aneuploidy, but biopsy procedure is invasive. Currently, a non-invasive PGT (ni-PGT) approach using spent medium is being evaluated. However, the clinical benefit of ni-PGT has not been clearly demonstrated. A multicentre randomised trial is needed to verify whether ni-PGT can be an new effective tool for evaluating embryos. METHODS AND ANALYSIS Overall, 1148 couples aged 35~42 (women) receiving in vitro fertilization-intracytoplasmic sperm injection are planned to be enrolled. Couples will be digitally randomised to (1) ni-PGT and (2) conventional morphology groups at a 1:1 treatment ratio. The primary outcome will be the ongoing pregnancy rate related to the first transfer cycle within 6 months after oocyte retrieval. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study protocol is approved by the Ethics Committee of Peking University Third Hospital and the participating hospitals. The results will be disseminated through international conferences and scientific journals. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT04339166.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Huang
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Li Rong
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Zeng
- Research Centre of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Hu
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, NHC Key Laboratory of Human Stem Cell and Reproductive Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Research Centre for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-XIANGYA, Changsha, China
- Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation base of Development and Carcinogenesis, Changsha, China
| | - Juanzi Shi
- Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Liyi Cai
- Reproductive Medical Center of Hebei Maternity Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Bing Yao
- Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiu-Xia Wang
- Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanwen Xu
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuanqing Yao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sichuan University West China Second University Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Junzhao Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wenzhou Medical College Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yichun Guan
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Weiping Qian
- The Center of Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Guimin Hao
- Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Sijia Lu
- Xukang Medical Technology (Suzhou) Co., Ltd, Suzhou, China
- Yikon Genomics Company, Ltd, Suzhou, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Qiao
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China
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Effect of vitrification on clinical outcomes of cleavage-stage embryos with poor quality in human embryo cryopreservation. REPRODUCTIVE AND DEVELOPMENTAL MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.1097/rd9.0000000000000004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Hajek J, Baron R, Sandi-Monroy N, Schansker S, Schoepper B, Depenbusch M, Schultze-Mosgau A, Neumann K, Gagsteiger F, von Otte S, Griesinger G. A randomised, multi-center, open trial comparing a semi-automated closed vitrification system with a manual open system in women undergoing IVF. Hum Reprod 2021; 36:2101-2110. [PMID: 34131726 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deab140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION What are outcome and procedural differences when using the semi-automated closed Gavi® device versus the manual open Cryotop® method for vitrification of pronuclear (2PN) stage oocytes within an IVF program? SUMMARY ANSWER A semi-automated closed vitrification method gives similar clinical results as compared to an exclusively manual, open system but higher procedure duration and less staff convenience. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY A semi-automated closed vitrification device has been introduced to the market, however, little evaluation of its performance in a clinical setting has been conducted so far. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION This prospective, randomised, open non-inferiority trial was conducted at three German IVF centers (10/2017-12/2018). Randomization was performed on day of fertilization check, stratified by center and by indication for vitrification (surplus 2PN oocytes in the context of a fresh embryo transfer (ET) cycle or 'freeze-all' of 2PN oocytes). PARTICIPANT/MATERIAL, SETTING, METHODS The study population included subfertile women, aged 18-40 years, undergoing IVF or ICSI treatment after ovarian stimulation, with 2PN oocytes available for vitrification. The primary outcome was survival rate of 2PN oocytes at first warming procedure in a subsequent cycle and non-inferiority of 2PN survival was to be declared if the lower bound 95% CI of the mean difference in survival rate excluded a difference larger than 9.5%; secondary, descriptive outcomes included embryo development, pregnancy and live birth rate, procedure time and staff convenience. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE The randomised patient population consisted of 149 patients, and the per-protocol population (patients with warming of 2PN oocytes for culture and planned ET) was 118 patients. The survival rate was 94.0% (±13.5) and 96.7% (±9.7) in the Gavi® and the Cryotop® group (weighted mean difference -1.6%, 95% CI -4.7 to 1.4, P = 0.28), respectively, indicating non-inferiority of the Gavi® vitrification/warming method for the primary outcome. Embryo development and the proportion of top-quality embryos was similar in the two groups, as were the pregnancy and live birth rate. Mean total procedure duration (vitrification and warming) was higher in the Gavi® group (81 ± 39 min vs 47 ± 15 min, mean difference 34 min, 95% CI 19 to 48). Staff convenience assessed by eight operators in a questionnaire was lower for the Gavi® system. The majority of respondents preferred the Cryotop® method because of practicality issues. LIMITATIONS, REASON FOR CAUTION The study was performed in centers with long experience of manual vitrification, and the relative performance of the Gavi® system as well as the staff convenience may be higher in settings with less experience in the manual procedure. Financial costs of the two procedures were not measured along the trial. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS With increasing requirements for standardization of procedures and tissue safety, a semi-automated closed vitrification method may constitute a suitable alternative technology to the established manual open vitrification method given the equivalent clinical outcomes demonstrated herein. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS The trial received no direct financial funding. The Gavi® instrument, Gavi® consumables and staff training were provided for free by the distributor (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) during the study period. The manufacturer of the Gavi® instrument had no influence on study protocol, study conduct, data analysis, data interpretation or manuscript writing. J.H. has received honoraria and/or non-financial support from Ferring, Merck and Origio. G.G. has received honoraria and/or non-financial support from Abbott, Ferring, Finox, Gedeon Richter, Guerbet, Merck, MSD, ObsEva, PregLem, ReprodWissen GmbH and Theramex. The remaining authors have no competing interests. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03287479. TRIAL REGISTRATION DATE 19 September 2017. DATE OF FIRST PATIENT’S ENROLMENT 10 October 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Hajek
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Rebecca Baron
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Luebeck, Germany
| | | | | | - Beate Schoepper
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Marion Depenbusch
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Askan Schultze-Mosgau
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Kay Neumann
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Luebeck, Germany
| | | | | | - Georg Griesinger
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Luebeck, Germany
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Hao Y, Long X, Kong F, Chen L, Chi H, Zhu X, Kuo Y, Zhu Y, Jia J, Yan L, Li R, Liu P, Wang Y, Qiao J. Maternal and neonatal outcomes following blastocyst biopsy for PGT in single vitrified-warmed embryo transfer cycles. Reprod Biomed Online 2021; 44:151-162. [PMID: 34866000 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2021.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
RESEARCH QUESTION Does blastocyst biopsy for preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) increase the risk of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes? STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cohort study of 5097 single vitrified-warmed blastocyst transfer cycles from January 2016 to December 2018, with 2061 cycles in the biopsied group and 3036 cycles in the unbiopsied group enrolled in the analyses. Maternal and neonatal outcomes were compared between the two groups. RESULTS The live birth rate in the biopsied group (41.1%) was significantly higher than that in the unbiopsied group (35.6%, adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.27, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05-1.54, P = 0.012) after adjusting for maternal age, maternal body mass index, gravidity, parity, infertility diagnosis, timing of blastocyst transfer, blastocyst quality, regimen of endometrial preparation, endometrial thickness before transfer and treatment year. The rates of total pregnancy loss (25.4% versus 32.2%, aOR 0.69, 95% CI 0.52-0.91, P = 0.008) and early miscarriage (12.1% versus 17.3%, aOR 0.56, 95% CI 0.38-0.83, P = 0.004) were significantly lower in the biopsied group than in the unbiopsied group. No significant differences were found in sex ratio or the risks of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, diabetes in pregnancy, placenta previa, preterm premature rupture of membranes, low birthweight, very low birthweight, macrosomia, small for gestational age, large for gestational age or birth defects between the two groups. When the subgroup analyses were conducted based on different types of PGT, similar patterns were found for all types. CONCLUSION Blastocyst biopsy might not increase the risks of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes in the short term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxiu Hao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaoyu Long
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Fei Kong
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lixue Chen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hongbin Chi
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ying Kuo
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yiru Zhu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jialin Jia
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Liying Yan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Rong Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Jie Qiao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China.
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Blastocyst cryopreservation and cryopreservation-warming transfer is an effective embryo transfer strategy for day 1 rescue intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8260. [PMID: 33859312 PMCID: PMC8050289 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87693-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
This was a retrospective analysis of a total of 625 r-ICSI cycles using freeze-all-embryos and embryo transfers (ET) in subsequent cryopreservation-warming cycles to determine the effect of the ET method for day 1 rescue intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles (r-ICSI). Two methods were used: in method 1, cleavage-stage embryos were frozen and were directly transferred in a subsequent cryopreservation-warming cycle (r-ICSI frozen cleavage), and 144 cleavage-stage ETs occurred. Similarly, in method 2, there were 188 blastocyst-stage ETs (r-ICSI frozen blast) performed. The live birth rate (LBR) for r-ICSI frozen blast was better than that for r-ICSI frozen cleavage in calculation of ET cycles (19.44% vs. 37.77%) and also remained better after the use of logistic regression analysis (OR = 2.721, 95% CI 1.604–4.616). Conservative cumulative LBR were compared between r-ICSI frozen cleavage and r-ICSI frozen blast with regard to oocyte retrieval cycles (17.39% vs. 15.30%). The same results were obtained for conservative cumulative LBR after logistic regression analysis (OR = 0.925, 95% CI 0.557–1.535). The results of this study confirmed that it was valuable to perform r-ICSI if using freeze-all-embryos. Further, r-ICSI embryos were cultured to blastocyst stage, cryopreserved, and used in subsequent cryopreservation-warming cycles, which was an effective embryo transfer strategy and obtained satisfactory results.
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10
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Nagy ZP, Shapiro D, Chang CC. Vitrification of the human embryo: a more efficient and safer in vitro fertilization treatment. Fertil Steril 2020; 113:241-247. [PMID: 32106970 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Cryopreservation has become a central pillar in assisted reproduction, reflected in the exponential increase of "freeze all" cycles in the past few years. Vitrification makes it possible to cool and warm human eggs and embryos with far less cryo-damage than 'slow-freeze' and allows nearly intact survival of embryos with very high survival rates for eggs as well. This has resulted in a complete transformation how we manage treatment for in vitro fertilization patients. Fresh transfers can be avoided without compromising outcomes, and in fact, cumulative pregnancy/delivery rates may be improved by performing sequential elective "frozen" single embryo transfers. Some recent evidence suggests that previously vitrified embryos give better perinatal outcomes than fresh embryo transfers. Frozen embryo transfer, especially when coupled with preimplantation genetic testing allows for highly efficient single embryo transfers that translate to more singleton and therefore safer pregnancies, as well as healthier babies. Additionally, vitrification has also opened new options for patients, most notably fertility preservation (through oocyte cryopreservation), and donor egg banking.
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11
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Sciorio R. Cryopreservation of human embryos and oocytes for fertility preservation in cancer and non cancer patients: a mini review. Gynecol Endocrinol 2020; 36:381-388. [PMID: 32003268 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2020.1719402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The term 'cryopreservation' illustrates the process of freezing cells and storing at very low temperature in liquid nitrogen (-196 °C). Cooling is not a physiological condition for human cells especially due to the high concentration of water in the living matter, whose conversion to ice crystals may be associated with cell death. Human oocytes are particularly sensitive to the freezing process, primarily because of their large size and the presence of the meiotic spindle, which at low temperature can degenerate. In the last decade, the cryopreservation technology has become highly important as an option for fertility preservation (FP) in women with cancer. Anticancer therapy might promote premature ovarian failure and negatively affects the reproductive outcome. Over the years, scientists have proposed different cryopreservation strategies in the effort to maintain the physiological functions of oocytes and embryo. However, despite the first success obtained in the 1980s with frozen oocytes, it was not until recently that a new approach has been proposed: the 'Vitrification' which allowed a breakthrough in this procedure. FP is a major determinant for cancer survivor women in the reproductive age. This article describes the FP options currently available, focusing mainly on oocyte and embryo cryopreservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romualdo Sciorio
- Edinburgh Assisted Conception Programme, EFREC, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
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12
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Zheng X, Guo W, Zeng L, Zheng D, Yang S, Wang L, Wang R, Mol BW, Li R, Qiao J. Live birth after in vitro maturation versus standard in vitro fertilisation for women with polycystic ovary syndrome: protocol for a non-inferiority randomised clinical trial. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e035334. [PMID: 32295778 PMCID: PMC7200037 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the first common cause of anovulatory infertility. Currently, in vitro fertilisation (IVF) is recommended when conventional attempts have failed. In vitro maturation (IVM) of human oocytes is an emerging treatment option in infertile women with PCOS. It is a patient-friendly intervention, avoiding the risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, which is a serious complication of controlled ovarian stimulation in the standard IVF procedure. We plan a randomised controlled trial (RCT) to evaluate whether IVM is non-inferior to the standard IVF for live birth in women with PCOS. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This is a single-centre, open-label, non-inferiority RCT performed in a large reproductive medicine centre in China. Infertile women with PCOS will be randomised to receive either IVM or standard IVF in a 1:1 treatment ratio after informed consent. IVF procedures used in our study are all standard treatments and other standard-assisted reproductive technologies will be similar between the two groups. The primary outcome is ongoing pregnancy leading to live birth within 6 months of the first oocyte retrieval cycle after randomisation. Pregnancy outcome, maternal safety and obstetric and perinatal complications will be secondary outcomes. The planned sample size is 350 (175 per group). ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical permission was acquired from the Ethics Committee of Peking University Third Hospital. The results will be issued to publications through scientific journals and conference reports. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT03463772.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Zheng
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Zeng
- Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Danni Zheng
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shuo Yang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lina Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Wang
- OB/GYN, School of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ben W Mol
- OB/GYN, School of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rong Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Qiao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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Experimental Evidence Reveals Both Cross-Infection and Cross-Contamination Risk of Embryo Storage in Liquid Nitrogen Biobanks. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10040598. [PMID: 32244732 PMCID: PMC7222773 DOI: 10.3390/ani10040598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary This study was conducted to demonstrate the potential hazards of cross-infection and cross-contamination of embryos during storage in liquid nitrogen biobanks. For the harmless and successful cryopreservation of embryos, the vitrification method must be chosen meticulously to guarantee not only a high post-thaw survival of embryos, but also to reduce the risk of disease transmission when those embryos are in storage for long periods. Abstract In recent decades, gamete and embryo cryopreservation have become routine procedures in livestock and human assisted reproduction. However, the safe storage of germplasm and the prevention of disease transmission continue to be potential hazards of disease transmission through embryo transfer. This study aimed to demonstrate the potential risk of cross-infection of embryos from contaminated liquid nitrogen, and cross-contamination of sterile liquid nitrogen from infected embryos in naked and closed devices. Additionally, we examined the effects of antibiotic-free media on culture development of infected embryos. The study was a laboratory-based analysis using rabbit as a model. Two experiments were performed to evaluate both cross-infection (liquid nitrogen to embryos) and cross-contamination (embryos to liquid nitrogen) of artificially inoculated Salmonella Typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter aerogenes, and Aspergillus brasiliensis. Rapid cooling through vitrification was conducted on rabbit embryos, stored for a year, thawed, and cultured. In vivo produced late morulae–early blastocyst stages (72 h) embryos were used (n = 480). Embryos were cultured for 1 h in solutions with and without pathogens. Then, the embryos were vitrified and stored in naked and closed devices for one year in two liquid nitrogen biobanks (one pathogen-free and the other artificially contaminated). Embryos were warmed and cultured for a further 48 h, assessing the development and the presence of microorganism (chromogenic media, scanning electron microscopy). Embryos stored in naked devices in artificially contaminated liquid nitrogen became infected (12.5%), while none of the embryos stored in closed devices were infected. Meanwhile, storage of artificially infected embryos incurred liquid nitrogen biobank contamination (100%). Observations by scanning electron microscopy revealed that all the microorganisms were caught in the surface of embryos after the vitrification-thawed procedure. Nevertheless, embryos cultured in antibiotics and antimycotic medium developed to the hatched blastocyst stage, while artificially infected embryos cultured in antibiotic-free medium failed to develop. In conclusion, our findings support that both cross-contamination and cross-infection during embryo storage in liquid nitrogen biobanks are plausible. So, to ensure biosafety for the cryogenic storage, closed systems that avoid direct contact with liquid nitrogen must be used. Moreover, it seems essential to provide best practice guidelines for the cryogenic preservation and storage of gametes and embryos, to define appropriate quality and risk management procedures.
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Value of transferring embryos derived from monopronucleated (1PN) zygotes at the time of fertilization assessment. ZYGOTE 2020; 28:241-246. [DOI: 10.1017/s096719942000009x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
SummaryThis paper is a retrospective analysis of the sole transfer of monopronucleated zygotes (1PN) embryos both in in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) to determine the value of transferring embryos formed from 1PN. In fresh cycles, 1PN cleavage-stage embryos (1PN cleavage fresh) were transferred. In frozen–thawed cycles, 1PN blastocyst-stage embryos (1PN blast frozen) were transferred. We used comparison groups: for fresh cycles, 2PN cleavage-stage embryos (2PN cleavage fresh) were transferred; and for frozen–thawed cycles, 2PN blastocyst-stage embryos (2PN blast frozen) were transferred. Comparison groups were matched for cycle and patient characteristics to the 1PN group. Finally, for fresh cycles, live birth rates (LBR) in the 1PN cleavage group were significantly lower than those in 2PN cleavage group, both for IVF [LBR = 7.64% vs. pregnancy rate (PR) = 22.12%, P = 0.003, respectively] and ICSI (LBR = 0% vs. LBR = 20.00%, P < 0.001, respectively). For frozen–thawed IVF cycles, the PR in the 1PN blastocyst group were comparable with those of the 2PN blastocyst group (1PN: LBR = 33.14% vs. 2PN: LBR = 37.24%, P = 0.289, respectively), while in ICSI, the PR in the 1PN blastocyst group were lower than those in the 2PN blastocyst group (LBR = 15.25% vs. LBR = 40.68%, P = 0.002, respectively). So, for IVF, blastocyst culture was capable of selecting normal 1PN embryos for transfer and achieves satisfying outcomes. However, for ICSI, blastocyst culture was not effective enough to eliminate abnormal embryos and 1PN embryo transfer needed to be treated with caution.
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Tao Y, Sanger E, Saewu A, Leveille MC. Human sperm vitrification: the state of the art. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2020; 18:17. [PMID: 32145746 PMCID: PMC7060631 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-020-00580-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sperm cryopreservation has been widely used in assisted reproductive technology (ART) and has resulted in millions of live births. Two principal approaches have been adopted: conventional (slow) freezing and vitrification. As a traditional technique, slow freezing has been successfully employed and widely used at ART clinics whereas the latter, a process to solidify liquid into an amorphous or glassy state, may become a faster alternative method of sperm cryopreservation with significant benefits in regard to simple equipment and applicability to fertility centers. Sperm vitrification has its own limitations. Firstly, small volume of load is usually plunged to liquid nitrogen to achieve high cooling rate, which makes large volume sample cryopreservation less feasible. Secondly, direct contact with liquid nitrogen increases the potential risk of contamination. Recently, new carriers have been developed to facilitate improved control over the volume and speed, and new strategies have been implemented to minimize the contamination risk. In summary, although sperm vitrification has not yet been applied in routine sperm cryopreservation, its potential as a standard procedure is growing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Tao
- Ottawa Fertility Center, 100-955 Green Valley Crescent, Ottawa, ON K2C 3V4 Canada
| | - Erika Sanger
- Ottawa Fertility Center, 100-955 Green Valley Crescent, Ottawa, ON K2C 3V4 Canada
| | - Arpornrad Saewu
- Ottawa Fertility Center, 100-955 Green Valley Crescent, Ottawa, ON K2C 3V4 Canada
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Sciorio R, Esteves SC. Clinical utility of freeze-all approach in ART treatment: A mini-review. Cryobiology 2019; 92:9-14. [PMID: 31770530 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2019.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
A significant proportion of couples at reproductive age rely on assisted reproductive technology to overcome infertility. In vitro fertilisation (IVF) involves typically the use of exogenous gonadotropins to stimulate the ovary to produce oocytes, which are collected surgically. After fertilization by conventional IVF or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), embryos are cultured in the embryology laboratory for a few days before being replaced into the uterus (fresh embryo transfer). Spare embryos can be vitrified and stored in liquid nitrogen to be transferred in a subsequent cycle. Over the years, concerns have arisen about possible adverse outcomes of transferring embryos back to the uterus immediately after controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) as regards to obstetrical and perinatal outcomes. It has been suggested that high hormonal levels during COS could create a relatively hostile environment for embryo implantation whilst increasing the risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). With the remarkable improvement of vitrification as an alternative to the slow-freezing technique for human embryos, a new strategy the so-called "freeze-all" (FA) or "elective frozen embryo transfer" (eFET) was introduced. This approach involves COS, followed by the elective cryopreservation of the entire cohort of viable embryos to be transferred to the uterus in subsequent cycles in a possibly more physiological environment, thus avoiding the supra-physiologic hormonal levels observed during COS. The initial reports suggested that this policy could lead to improved pregnancy rates and reduced perinatal complications, which resulted in a steady increase and widespread use of FA globally. However, as data accumulated, it became clear that the use of FA to unselected couples undergoing ART offered no additional benefits over the conventional approach. Nonetheless, current evidence based on randomized controlled trials and observational studies indicates that FA might be justified in selected clinical scenarios, such as those involving the risk of OHSS. By contrast, there is a lack of evidence to support the FA policy for other indications, such as implantation failure or high progesterone levels on the trigger day. This review summarizes the clinical effectiveness of FA with the main focus on the health of offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romualdo Sciorio
- Edinburgh Assisted Conception Programme, EFREC, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, 51 Little France Crescent, Old Dalkeith Road, Edinburgh, Scotland, EH164SA, UK.
| | - Sandro C Esteves
- ANDROFERT, Andrology and Human Reproduction Clinic, Campinas, Brazil; Department of Surgery (Division of Urology), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil; Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
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17
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Momozawa K, Matsuzawa A, Tokunaga Y, Ohi N, Harada M. A new vitrification device that absorbs excess vitrification solution adaptable to a closed system for the cryopreservation of mouse embryos. Cryobiology 2019; 88:9-14. [PMID: 31034811 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2019.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Several closed vitrification devices that avoid contact with liquid nitrogen have been reported. Recently, based on the Kitasato Vitrification System (KVS), we developed the Closed-KVS, which is a closed vitrification device. The KVS is an open vitrification device that can absorb excess vitrification solution. In this study, we performed two experiments to evaluate the efficacy of the Closed-KVS as a vitrification device for the cryopreservation of mouse embryos at the blastocyst and two-cell stage. In the first experiment, the blastocysts were vitrified using either the Closed-KVS or the KVS (control device). The survival, re-expansion, and hatching rates were not significantly different between embryos vitrified using the Closed-KVS and those vitrified using the KVS. In the second experiment, we evaluated the embryonic development of the two-cell stage embryos vitrified using the Closed-KVS. There were no significant differences in the survival, blastocyst formation, or hatching rates between vitrified or non-vitrified embryos. Additionally, we evaluated the cooling and warming rates of these devices using a numerical simulation method. The cooling rates of the Closed-KVS were similar regardless of whether the outer cap was pre-cooled and were lower than those of the KVS. However, the warming rates of the Closed-KVS (irrespective of cap pre-cooling) were the same as those of the KVS (612,000 °C/min). In summary, the Closed-KVS is a novel closed vitrification device for the cryopreservation of mouse embryos at the blastocyst and two-cell stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Momozawa
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Aomori, 034-8628, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Matsuzawa
- Kyoto R&D Laboratory, Mitsubishi Paper Mills Limited, Kyoto, 617-8666, Japan.
| | - Yukio Tokunaga
- Kyoto R&D Laboratory, Mitsubishi Paper Mills Limited, Kyoto, 617-8666, Japan.
| | - Nagisao Ohi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo University, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
| | - Miyuki Harada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo University, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
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18
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Hu KL, Zhang Y, Yang Z, Zhao H, Xu H, Yu Y, Li R. Predictive value of serum kisspeptin concentration at 14 and 21 days after frozen-thawed embryo transfer. Reprod Biomed Online 2019; 39:161-167. [PMID: 31230668 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2019.03.202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
RESEARCH QUESTION Can serum kisspeptin levels 14 and 21 days after frozen-thawed embryo transfer predict the early pregnancy outcome of patients? DESIGN Prospective study, with 133 patients undergoing frozen-thawed embryo transfer. Patients were divided into non-pregnant group and pregnant group (including biochemical pregnancy, singleton pregnancy, miscarriage and twin groups). RESULTS Serum kisspeptin levels on day 21 were significantly higher than day 14 in singleton pregnancy, miscarriage and twin groups (all P < 0.0001), but not in the biochemical pregnancy group. Similarly, serum human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) levels were higher on day 21 compared with day 14 except for the biochemical pregnancy group. Compared with the twin group (296.9 pg/ml), the other four groups showed significantly higher serum kisspeptin levels on day 14 (non-pregnant 548.9, biochemical pregnancy 440.4, miscarriage 434.9, singleton pregnancy group 420.9 pg/ml, P < 0.01, P = 0.016, P = 0.034, P = 0.036, respectively). The miscarriage (762.2 pg/ml), singleton pregnancy (730.8 pg/ml) and twin groups (826.3 pg/ml) had significantly higher kisspeptin levels than the biochemical pregnancy group (397.3 pg/ml) on day 21 (P < 0.001, P < 0.01, P < 0.001, respectively). Serum kisspeptin levels on day 14 were negatively correlated with embryo implantation rate (P = 0.035, R2 = -0.880). Serum kisspeptin levels on day 21 have a poor predictive value of miscarriage compared with serum HCG levels (area under the curve = 0.53 and 0.78, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Serum kisspeptin levels on day 14 are negatively correlated with embryo implantation rate. Serum kisspeptin levels on day 21 have a poor predictive value of miscarriage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Lun Hu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology and Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yongli Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology and Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zi Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology and Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hongcui Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology and Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; National Clinical Centre for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Huiyu Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology and Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; National Clinical Centre for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology and Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; National Clinical Centre for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Rong Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology and Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; National Clinical Centre for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.
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19
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Cai H, Niringiyumukiza JD, Li Y, Lai Q, Jia Y, Su P, Xiang W. Open versus closed vitrification system of human oocytes and embryos: a systematic review and meta-analysis of embryologic and clinical outcomes. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2018; 16:123. [PMID: 30522492 PMCID: PMC6284284 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-018-0440-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to carry out a systematic review and meta-analysis of embryologic and clinical outcomes following open versus closed vitrification of human oocytes and embryos. METHODS An electronic literature search was conducted in main electronic databases up to June 30, 2018 using the following key terms: 'oocyte', 'embryo', 'blastocyst', 'vitrification', 'cryopreservation', 'device', 'survival rate', 'pregnancy rate', etc. A meta-analysis was performed using a random effect model to estimate the value of risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses were carried out to further confirm the results. RESULTS Twelve (Eight prospective and four retrospective) studies comparing open versus closed vitrification of human oocytes or embryos were included. For prospective studies on oocytes, no evidence for a significant difference in cryosurvival rate (RR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.80-1.03, P = 0.14; n = 2048) or clinical pregnancy rate (RR = 1.29, 95% CI: 0.80-2.06, P = 0.30; n = 150) was observed. Additionally, there were no significant differences between the two methods concerning secondary endpoints included positive βHCG rate, implantation rate, miscarriage rate, ongoing pregnancy rate, live birth rate, cancellation rate, babies born per transferred blastocysts, or multiple birth rate (P > 0.05). The results of the retrospective studies were similar as the prospective studies. CONCLUSIONS It is still impossible to conclude that closed vitrification system could be a substitution for open system in human oocyte and embryo cryopreservation based on current evidence. Therefore, more well-designed prospective studies addressing these issues are still warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongcai Cai
- Family Planning Research Institute/Center of Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Jean Damascene Niringiyumukiza
- Family Planning Research Institute/Center of Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yamin Li
- Family Planning Research Institute/Center of Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Qiaohong Lai
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yinzhao Jia
- Department of General Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Ping Su
- Family Planning Research Institute/Center of Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
| | - Wenpei Xiang
- Family Planning Research Institute/Center of Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
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20
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Sciorio R, Thong K, Pickering SJ. Single blastocyst transfer (SET) and pregnancy outcome of day 5 and day 6 human blastocysts vitrified using a closed device. Cryobiology 2018; 84:40-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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21
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Zhao YY, Yu Y, Zhang XW. Overall Blastocyst Quality, Trophectoderm Grade, and Inner Cell Mass Grade Predict Pregnancy Outcome in Euploid Blastocyst Transfer Cycles. Chin Med J (Engl) 2018; 131:1261-1267. [PMID: 29786036 PMCID: PMC5987494 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.232808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Despite recent advances that have improved the pregnancy success rates that can be achieved via in vitro fertilization (IVF) therapy, it is not yet clear which blastocyst morphological parameters best predict the outcomes of single blastocyst transfer. In addition, most of the previous studies did not exclude the effect of embryo aneuploidy on blastocysts transfer. Thus, the present study investigated the predictive value of various parameters on the pregnancy outcomes achieved via the transfer of frozen euploid blastocysts. Methods: The study retrospectively analyzed 914 single euploid blastocyst transfer cycles that were performed at the Peking University Third Hospital Reproductive Medical Center between June 2011 and May 2016. The expansion, trophectoderm (TE), and inner cell mass (ICM) quality of the blastocysts were assessed based on blastocyst parameters, and used to differentiate between “excellent”, “good”, “average”, and “poor”-quality embryos. The relationship between these embryo grades and the achieved pregnancy outcomes was then analyzed via the Chi-square and logistic regression tests. Results: For embryo grades of excellent, good, average and poor, the clinical pregnancy rates were 65.0%, 59.3%, 50.3% and 33.3%, respectively; and the live-birth rates were 50.0%, 49.7%, 42.3% and 25.0%, respectively. Both the clinical pregnancy rate (χ2 = 21.28, P = 0.001) and live-birth rate (χ2 = 13.50, P < 0.001) increased with the overall blastocyst grade. Both rates were significantly higher after the transfer of a blastocyst that exhibited either an A-grade OR B-grade TE, and similarly, an A-grade ICM, than after the transfer of a blastocyst that exhibited a C-grade TE and/or ICM. The degree of blastocyst expansion had no apparent effect on the clinical pregnancy or live-birth rate. All odds ratio were adjusted for patient age, body mass index, length (years) of infertility history, and infertility type. Conclusions: A higher overall euploid blastocyst quality is shown to correlate most strongly with optimal pregnancy outcomes. The study thus supports the use of the described TE and ICM morphological grades to augment current embryo selection criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Yu Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Medical Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Medical Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Medical Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100083, China
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22
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Yao J, Geng L, Huang R, Peng W, Chen X, Jiang X, Yu M, Li M, Huang Y, Yang X. Effect of vitrification on in vitro development and imprinted gene Grb10 in mouse embryos. Reproduction 2018; 154:97-105. [PMID: 28696244 DOI: 10.1530/rep-16-0480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Vitrification of embryos is a routine procedure in IVF (in vitro fertilization) laboratories. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effect of vitrification on mouse preimplantation embryo development in vitro, and effect on the epigenetic status of imprinted gene Grb10 in mouse embryos. The blastocyst formation rate for vitrified 8-cell embryos was similar to the non-vitrified 8-cell embryos, whereas the blastocyst hatching rate was lower than that of the non-vitrified group. The expression level of Grb10 major-type transcript decreased significantly in vitrified blastocysts compared with non-vitrified and in vivo blastocysts. Moreover, the global DNA methylation level in 8-cell embryos and blastocysts, and the DNA methylation at CpG island 1 (CGI1) of Grb10 in blastocysts were also significantly decreased after vitrification. In vitro culture condition had no adverse effect, except for on the DNA methylation in Grb10 CGI1. These results suggest that vitrification may reduce the in vitro development of mouse 8-cell embryos and affect the expression and DNA methylation of imprinted gene Grb10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Yao
- College of Preclinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lixia Geng
- College of Preclinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongfu Huang
- The Second Affiliated HospitalFujian Medical University, Quanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Weilin Peng
- Quanzhou Maternity and Child Health Care HospitalQuanZhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Chen
- College of Preclinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohong Jiang
- Fuzhou Center for Disease Control and PreventionFuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao Yu
- College of Preclinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Li
- College of Preclinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanfang Huang
- The First Affiliated HospitalFujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- College of Preclinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China.,The Affiliated Fuzhou First HospitalFujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China.,Fuzhou Maternity and Child Health Care HospitalFuzhou, People's Republic of China
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23
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Bartolac LK, Lowe JL, Koustas G, Grupen CG, Sjöblom C. Vitrification, not cryoprotectant exposure, alters the expression of developmentally important genes in in vitro produced porcine blastocysts. Cryobiology 2017; 80:70-76. [PMID: 29221996 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The vitrification of embryos is common practice in advanced livestock breeding programs and in human fertility clinics. Recent studies have revealed that vitrification results in aberrant expression of a number of stress related genes. However, few studies have examined the effect that vitrification has on developmentally important genes, and none have been conducted in porcine embryos. The aim of this study was to determine the effects that different vitrification procedures and cryoprotectant combinations have on the expression of imprinted genes in in vitro produced (IVP) porcine blastocysts. The transcript levels of insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) were lower in all groups of vitrified blastocysts compared to that in non-vitrified control blastocysts (P < 0.05). Expression levels of IGF2 and IGF2 receptor (IGF2R) in blastocysts that had been exposed to cryoprotectants without being vitrified were similar to that in non-vitrified control blastocysts (P > 0.05). Furthermore, blastocysts vitrified using ethylene glycol and propanediol combined, and those vitrified in a closed device, had IGF2R transcript levels similar to that in non-vitrified control blastocysts (P > 0.05). In conclusion, vitrification, but not exposure to cryoprotectants, caused aberrant expression of the imprinted genes IGF2 and IGF2R. Vitrification protocols that incorporated propanediol or a closed device were found to be least disruptive of gene expression in IVP porcine blastocysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise K Bartolac
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Camden, NSW 2570, Australia; Westmead Fertility Centre, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Jenna L Lowe
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Camden, NSW 2570, Australia
| | - George Koustas
- Westmead Fertility Centre, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Christopher G Grupen
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Camden, NSW 2570, Australia.
| | - Cecilia Sjöblom
- Westmead Fertility Centre, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
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24
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Zheng X, Chen Y, Yan J, Wu Y, Zhuang X, Lin S, Zhu J, Lian Y, Qiao J, Liu P. Effect of repeated cryopreservation on human embryo developmental potential. Reprod Biomed Online 2017; 35:627-632. [PMID: 29102427 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2017.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 08/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Repeated cryopreservation of surplus embryos from frozen-thawed cycles should occasionally be considered. The purpose of this retrospective cohort study was to evaluate the pregnancy and perinatal outcome of repeated cryopreservation by vitrification of human blastocysts derived from slowly frozen-thawed day 3 embryos. In total, 571 vitrified-warmed blastocyst transfer cycles were investigated. The vitrified-warmed blastocysts were derived from slowly frozen-thawed cleavage embryos (twice-cryopreserved group) or fresh embryos (control group) cultured to the blastocyst stage. Age, body mass index, endometrial thickness, blastocyst developmental rate and number of embryos transferred were not significantly different between twice-cryopreserved and control groups. Clinical pregnancy and implantation rates were also similar. Compared with controls, the miscarriage rate was significantly higher in the twice-cryopreserved group (33.93% versus 19.07%, P = 0.017). This resulted in a significantly lower live birth rate in the twice-cryopreserved group than in controls (29.13% versus 39.18, P = 0.038). No differences were observed in mean gestational age, birthweight and sex ratio of newborns between groups. In conclusion, acceptable clinical pregnancy outcomes may be expected from transfer of twice-cryopreserved human embryos. While the neonatal outcome is not affected, the correlation between the risk of higher pregnancy loss and repeated cryopreservation needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Zheng
- Centre of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University, Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- Centre of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University, Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jie Yan
- Centre of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University, Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yuqi Wu
- Centre of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University, Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xinjie Zhuang
- Centre of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University, Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shengli Lin
- Centre of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University, Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jinliang Zhu
- Centre of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University, Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ying Lian
- Centre of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University, Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jie Qiao
- Centre of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University, Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Centre of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University, Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China.
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25
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Khalili MA, Shahedi A, Ashourzadeh S, Nottola SA, Macchiarelli G, Palmerini MG. Vitrification of human immature oocytes before and after in vitro maturation: a review. J Assist Reprod Genet 2017; 34:1413-1426. [PMID: 28822010 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-017-1005-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of immature oocytes subjected to in vitro maturation (IVM) opens interesting perspectives for fertility preservation where ovarian reserves are damaged by pathologies or therapies, as in PCO/PCOS and cancer patients. Human oocyte cryopreservation may offer some advantages compared to embryo freezing, such as fertility preservation in women at risk of losing fertility due to oncological treatment or chronic disease, egg donation and postponing childbirth. It also eliminates religious and/or other ethical, legal, and moral concerns of embryo freezing. In addition, a successful oocyte cryopreservation program could eliminate the need for donor and recipient menstrual cycle synchronization. Recent advances in vitrification technology have markedly improved the oocyte survival rate after warming, with fertilization and implantation rates comparable with those of fresh oocytes. Healthy live births can be achieved from the combination of IVM and vitrification, even if vitrification of in vivo matured oocytes is still more effective. Recently, attention is given to highlight whether vitrification procedures are more successful when performed before or after IVM, on immature GV-stage oocytes, or on in vitro matured MII-stage oocytes. In this review, we emphasize that, even if there are no differences in survival rates between oocytes vitrified prior to or post-IVM, reduced maturation rates of immature oocytes vitrified prior to IVM can be, at least in part, explained by underlying ultrastructural and biomolecular alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali Khalili
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.,Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Abbas Shahedi
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Sareh Ashourzadeh
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.,Afzalipour Clinical Center for Infertility, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Stefania Annarita Nottola
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Guido Macchiarelli
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Palmerini
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
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Risk of Contamination of Gametes and Embryos during Cryopreservation and Measures to Prevent Cross-Contamination. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:1840417. [PMID: 28890894 PMCID: PMC5584362 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1840417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 06/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The introduction and widespread application of vitrification are one of the most important achievements in human assisted reproduction techniques (ART) of the past decade despite controversy and unclarified issues, mostly related to concerns about disease transmission. Guidance documents published by US Food and Drug Administration, which focused on the safety of tissue/organ donations during Zika virus spread in 2016, as well as some reports of virus, bacteria, and fungi survival to cryogenic temperatures, highlighted the need for a review of the way how potentially infectious material is handled and stored in ART-related procedures. It was experimentally demonstrated that cross-contamination between liquid nitrogen (LN2) and embryos may occur when infectious agents are present in LN2 and oocytes/embryos are not protected by a hermetically sealed device. Thus, this review summarizes pertinent data and opinions regarding the potential hazard of infectious transmission through cryopreserved and banked reproductive cells and tissues in LN2. Special attention is given to the survival of pathogens in LN2, the risk of cross-contamination, vitrification methods, sterility of LN2, and the risks associated with the use of straws, cryovials, and storage dewars.
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Youm HS, Choi JR, Oh D, Rho YH. Closed versus open vitrification for human blastocyst cryopreservation: A meta-analysis. Cryobiology 2017; 77:64-70. [PMID: 28522355 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2017.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Closed vitrification can minimize the risk of microbiological transmission through liquid nitrogen during the cooling, storage, and warming procedures. As cooling rates may reduce when closed vitrification is applied, clinical outcomes should be compared between closed and open vitrification in order to justify the use of closed vitrification. This study was conducted to investigate the differences in survival, implantation, clinical pregnancy, and live birth rates between closed and open vitrification for human blastocyst cryopreservation. This systematic review and meta-analysis included 7 studies that reported survival, implantation, clinical pregnancy, or live birth rates following closed or open vitrification. There were no statistically significant differences in survival rates (risk ratio [RR]: 1.00, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.98-1.02), implantation rates (RR: 1.02, 95% CI: 0.93-1.11), clinical pregnancy rates (RR: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.89-1.10), and live birth rates (RR: 0.77, 95% CI: 0.58-1.03) between closed and open vitrification. Although there was no statistical significance, the tendency of lower live birth rates with closed vitrification than with open vitrification could be clearly identified. Therefore, it is not yet possible to conclude that closed vitrification clearly provides an aseptic alternative to open vitrification in human blastocyst cryopreservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Sik Youm
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Eroom Women's Clinic, Busan, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong-Ryeol Choi
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Eroom Women's Clinic, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Daesik Oh
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Eroom Women's Clinic, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Ho Rho
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Eroom Women's Clinic, Busan, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
Vitrification is widely used to cryopreserve supernumerary embryos following in vitro fertilization (IVF). The mouse model was used to investigate the effects of vitrification on blastomere viability, using viability markers, and on the cytoskeleton, by analysing spindle/chromosome configurations, using confocal scanning microscopy. Ninety cleavage and morula stage dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO)/EG vitrified mouse embryos were either processed immediately following warming for viability assessment by labelling with the fluorescent markers carboxyfluorescein-diacetate succinimidylester (CFSE) and propidium iodide (PI) or were cultured to the blastocyst stage and immunostained with α-tubulin antibody to visualize microtubules and DAPI or PI to visualize DNA. Sixty-five fresh embryos were also used as the control. Vitrified embryos showed high survival rates following warming, but they had a higher incidence of damaged blastomeres compared with fresh embryos. Most mitotic spindles examined in all groups were normal, but multivariable analysis revealed that the proportion of abnormal spindles was significantly higher in vitrified/warmed embryos (P < 0.05). This study is the first to examine the immediate effects of vitrification on blastomere viability, using fluorescent markers and shows that although vitrification results in a higher incidence of damaged blastomeres, vitrified embryos may compensate for this limited number of damaged/abnormal cells, as development to the blastocyst stage was not compromised.
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Closed vitrification of human oocytes and blastocysts: outcomes from a series of clinical cases. J Assist Reprod Genet 2016; 33:1247-52. [PMID: 27233650 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-016-0748-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE High survival rates and clinical outcomes similar to those from fresh oocytes and blastocysts have been observed with open oocyte vitrification systems. It has been suggested that the extremely fast cooling rates that are only achieved with open systems are necessary for human oocyte and blastocyst vitrification. However, there is a potential risk of introducing contamination with open systems. The aim of this study was to assess whether similar survival and subsequent implantation rates could be achieved using a closed vitrification system for human oocytes and blastocysts. METHODS Initially, donated immature oocytes that were matured in vitro were vitrified using the cryoprotectants ethylene glycol (EG) + dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) + sucrose and either a closed system (Rapid-i®) or an open system (Cryolock). The closed system was subsequently introduced clinically for mature oocyte cryopreservation cases and blastocyst vitrification. RESULTS Using in vitro matured oocytes, a similar survival was achieved with the open system of 92.4 % (73/79) and with the closed system of 89.7 % (35/39). For clinical oocyte closed vitrification, high survival rate of 90.5 % (374/413) and an implantation rate of 32.7 % (18/55) from the transfer of day 2 embryos was achieved, which is similar to fresh day 2 embryo transfers. Blastocysts have also been successfully cryopreserved using the Rapid-i closed vitrification system with 94 % of blastocysts having an estimated ≥75 % of cells intact and a similar implantation rate (31.5 %) to fresh single blastocyst transfers. CONCLUSION Closed vitrification can achieve high survival and similar implantation rates to fresh for both oocytes and blastocysts.
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Swain JE, Carrell D, Cobo A, Meseguer M, Rubio C, Smith GD. Optimizing the culture environment and embryo manipulation to help maintain embryo developmental potential. Fertil Steril 2016; 105:571-587. [PMID: 26851765 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
With increased use of comprehensive chromosome screening (CCS), the question remains as to why some practices do not experience the same high levels of clinical success after implementation of the approach. Indeed, the debate surrounding the efficacy and usefulness of blastocyst biopsy and CCS continues. Importantly, several variables impact the success of an assisted reproductive technology cycle. Transfer of a euploid embryo is but one factor in an intricate system that requires numerous steps to occur successfully. Certainly, the culture environment and the manipulations of the embryo during its time in the laboratory can impact its reproductive potential. Environmental stressors ranging from culture media to culture conditions and even culture platform can impact biochemical, metabolic, and epigenetic patterns that can affect the developing cell independent of chromosome number. Furthermore, accompanying procedures, such as biopsy and vitrification, are complex and, when performed improperly, can negatively impact embryo quality. These are areas that likely still carry room for improvement within the IVF laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Doug Carrell
- Department of Surgery (Urology) and Human Genetics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Ana Cobo
- Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | - Gary D Smith
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Ob/Gyn, Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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Huang J, Li R, Lian Y, Chen L, Shi X, Qiao J, Liu P. Vitrified/warmed single blastocyst transfer in preimplantation genetic diagnosis/preimplantation genetic screening cycles. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015; 8:21605-21610. [PMID: 26885112 PMCID: PMC4723957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/31/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the single blastocyst transfer in preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD)/preimplantation genetic screening (PGS) cycles. METHODS 80 PGD/PGS cycles undergoing blastocyst biopsy were studied. There were 88 warming cycles during the study period. Only one warmed blastocyst was transferred per cycle. The outcomes were followed up to the infants were born. RESULTS The embryo implantation rate was 54.55% (48/88). The clinical pregnancy rate was 54.55% (48/88) per transfer cycle and 60% (48/80) per initial PGD/PGS cycle. There was no multi-pregnant in this study. The live birth rate was 42.05% (37/88) per transfer cycle and 46.25% (37/80) per initial PGD/PGS cycle. CONCLUSION In PGD/PGS cycles, single blastocyst transfer reduces the multiple pregnancy rate without affecting the clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Medical Centre, Peking University Third HospitalBeijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education and Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive TechnologyBeijing 100191, China
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Medical Centre, Peking University Third HospitalBeijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education and Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive TechnologyBeijing 100191, China
| | - Ying Lian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Medical Centre, Peking University Third HospitalBeijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education and Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive TechnologyBeijing 100191, China
| | - Lixue Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Medical Centre, Peking University Third HospitalBeijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaodan Shi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Medical Centre, Peking University Third HospitalBeijing 100191, China
| | - Jie Qiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Medical Centre, Peking University Third HospitalBeijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education and Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive TechnologyBeijing 100191, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Medical Centre, Peking University Third HospitalBeijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education and Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive TechnologyBeijing 100191, China
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Li M, Lin S, Chen Y, Zhu J, Liu P, Qiao J. Value of transferring embryos that show no evidence of fertilization at the time of fertilization assessment. Fertil Steril 2015; 104:607-11.e2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Revised: 05/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Bartolac LK, Lowe JL, Koustas G, Sjöblom C, Grupen CG. A comparison of different vitrification devices and the effect of blastocoele collapse on the cryosurvival of in vitro produced porcine embryos. J Reprod Dev 2015. [PMID: 26211782 PMCID: PMC4685218 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2015-065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the optimum conditions for vitrifying in vitro
produced day 7 porcine embryos using different vitrification devices and blastocoele collapse methods. Firstly
embryos were collapsed by micro-pipetting, needle puncture and sucrose with and without conducting
vitrification. In the next experiment, non-collapsed embryos were vitrified in an open device using either
superfine open-pulled straws (SOPS) or the CryoLoopTM system, or vitrified in a closed device using
either the CryoTipTM or Cryo BioTM’s high security vitrification system (HSV). The
post-thaw survival of embryos vitrified in the open devices did not differ significantly (SOPS: 37.3%;
CryoLoopTM: 37.3%) nor did the post-thaw survival of embryos vitrified in the closed devices
(CryoTip™: 38.5%; HSV: 42.5%). The re-expansion rate of embryos that were collapsed via micro-pipetting
(76.0%) did not differ from those that were punctured (75.0%) or collapsed via sucrose (79.6%) when
vitrification was not performed. However, embryos collapsed via sucrose solutions (24.5%) and needle puncture
(16.0%) prior to vitrification were significantly less likely to survive vitrification than the control
(non-collapsed) embryos (53.6%, P < 0.05). The findings show that both open and closed vitrification
devices were equally effective for the vitrification of porcine blastocysts. Collapsing blastocysts prior to
vitrification did not improve survival, which is inconsistent with the findings of studies in other species.
This may be due to the extremely sensitive nature of porcine embryos, and/or the invasiveness of the
collapsing procedures.
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Neonatal outcomes after the implantation of human embryos vitrified using a closed-system device. J Assist Reprod Genet 2015; 32:521-6. [PMID: 25617086 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-015-0431-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Closed vitrification poses a risk of adversely affecting embryo development, while it may minimize the risk of contamination. We assessed the effects of closed-system human embryo vitrification on fetal development after implantation, neonatal outcome, and clinical safety. METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study conducted at a private fertility clinic. A total of 875 vitrified-warmed blastocysts that were single-transferred under hormone-replacement cycles between November 2011 and December 2013 were randomly divided into two groups (closed vitrification, n 313; open vitrification, n 562) after receiving the patients' consent forms. Developmental competence after implantation, including gestational age, birth weight, sex, Apgar score, and anomalies of newborns, after the transfer of blastocysts vitrified by closing vitrification was compared with that obtained in the case of open vitrification. RESULTS There were no significant differences between the use of closed and open vitrification systems in embryo development after implantation, gestational age, birth weight, sex ratio, Apgar score, and congenital anomalies of newborns. CONCLUSION Human embryos can be vitrified using a closed vitrification system without impairment of neonatal development.
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Zhang S, Tan K, Gong F, Gu Y, Tan Y, Lu C, Luo K, Lu G, Lin G. Blastocysts can be rebiopsied for preimplantation genetic diagnosis and screening. Fertil Steril 2014; 102:1641-5. [PMID: 25439805 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Revised: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the clinical value of re-examining the test-failure blastocysts in preimplantation genetic diagnosis/screening cycles. DESIGN Retrospective study. SETTING University-affiliated center. PATIENT(S) Women with test-failure blastocysts cryopreserved in preimplantation genetic diagnosis/screening cycles. INTERVENTION(S) Cryopreserved test-failure blastocysts were warmed and underwent a second round of biopsy, single nucleotide polymorphism microarray analysis, and vitrification, and the normal blastocysts were warmed again for ET. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) The percentage of test-failure blastocysts for transfer, the implantation rate per transferred blastocyst, and the live birth rate. RESULT(S) A total of 106 test-failure blastocysts from 77 cycles were warmed for re-examination. A total of 73 blastocysts that completely expanded were considered to have survived the warming process and were successfully rebiopsied. After single nucleotide polymorphism array analysis, 70 blastocysts yielded whole genome amplification product, and 31 had normal chromosomes (44.3%). A total of 19 normal blastocysts were warmed for ET, of which 18 survived and were transferred. The clinical pregnancy rate (implantation rate) was 50.0% in 10 single blastocyst transfer cycles, and all the implanted blastocysts resulted in healthy live births. CONCLUSION(S) Test-failure blastocysts that survived from the first warming procedure can tolerate a second round of biopsy, vitrification, and warming, have a high chance of having normal chromosomes, and are worth being re-examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuoping Zhang
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Ministry of Health, People's Republic of China; Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Tan
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China; National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cells, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Gong
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Ministry of Health, People's Republic of China; Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifan Gu
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Ministry of Health, People's Republic of China; Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Yueqiu Tan
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Ministry of Health, People's Republic of China; Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Changfu Lu
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Ministry of Health, People's Republic of China; Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Keli Luo
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Ministry of Health, People's Republic of China; Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangxiu Lu
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Ministry of Health, People's Republic of China; Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, People's Republic of China; National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cells, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Ge Lin
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Ministry of Health, People's Republic of China; Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, People's Republic of China; National Engineering and Research Center of Human Stem Cells, Changsha, People's Republic of China.
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Gala A, Ferrières A, Assou S, Monforte M, Bringer-Deutsch S, Vintejoux E, Vincens C, Brunet C, Hamamah S. [Effects of artificial shrinkage prior to vitrification in a closed system: a randomized controlled trial]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 42:772-8. [PMID: 25442824 DOI: 10.1016/j.gyobfe.2014.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of induced blastocoele shrinkage before vitrification in a closed carrier device. PATIENTS AND METHODS Prior to vitrification, blastocyst cavity was artificially shrinked by laser pulse or not treated according to a 2:1 randomized procedure. A total of 185 warming cycles from April 2011 to March 2013 have been analyzed. Clinical pregnancy rate and survival rate were compared between the two groups. The mean (±SD) women age was 33.5±5.7 years for both groups. RESULTS The pregnancy rate in the group with artificial reduction of the cavity was higher ([32/67] 47.7%) than in the control group but not significantly ([43/113] 38%). The survival rate in the artificial shrinkage group was significantly higher compared with the control group : 99% (102/103) and 91.8% (168/183) respectively (P=0.01). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION This study reveals that artificial shrinkage of blastocoelic cavity by laser pulse before vitrification in a closed carrier device improves survival rate after warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gala
- Institut de recherche en biothérapie, hôpital Saint-Éloi, CHU de Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France; U1040, Inserm, 34000 Montpellier, France; UFR de médecine, université Montpellier-1, 34000 Montpellier, France; Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, hôpital Arnaud-de-Villeneuve, CHU de Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - A Ferrières
- Institut de recherche en biothérapie, hôpital Saint-Éloi, CHU de Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France; U1040, Inserm, 34000 Montpellier, France; Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, hôpital Arnaud-de-Villeneuve, CHU de Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - S Assou
- Institut de recherche en biothérapie, hôpital Saint-Éloi, CHU de Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France; U1040, Inserm, 34000 Montpellier, France; UFR de médecine, université Montpellier-1, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - M Monforte
- Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, hôpital Arnaud-de-Villeneuve, CHU de Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - S Bringer-Deutsch
- Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, hôpital Arnaud-de-Villeneuve, CHU de Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - E Vintejoux
- Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, hôpital Arnaud-de-Villeneuve, CHU de Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - C Vincens
- Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, hôpital Arnaud-de-Villeneuve, CHU de Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - C Brunet
- Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, hôpital Arnaud-de-Villeneuve, CHU de Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - S Hamamah
- Institut de recherche en biothérapie, hôpital Saint-Éloi, CHU de Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France; U1040, Inserm, 34000 Montpellier, France; UFR de médecine, université Montpellier-1, 34000 Montpellier, France; Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, hôpital Arnaud-de-Villeneuve, CHU de Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier cedex 5, France.
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