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Avellaneda Y, Mancipe E, Vargas J, Manriquez D. Energy and Protein Requirements of Growing Lambs in Colombian Highlands. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:2117. [PMID: 39061579 PMCID: PMC11273515 DOI: 10.3390/ani14142117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Determining the nutritional requirements of lambs is necessary to formulate balanced rations and contribute to sustainable sheep production systems. However, limited information is available regarding the nutritional requirements of growing lambs in the Colombian highlands. Twenty-two Romney Marsh males were used. Initially, four lambs were slaughtered at 20 kg body weight (BW). The remaining 18 lambs were distributed into two groups, according to BW (light: 20 BW and heavy: 30 kg BW). Lambs were randomly allocated into one of three different nutritional schemes, according to voluntary intake (no restriction, and 25 and 50% restriction). All the animals received a totally mixed ration. When a voluntary-fed lamb gained 10 kg BW, the two other lambs restricted to 25 and 50% were slaughtered and dissected into components to determine protein and gross energy concentration. Energy and protein accumulation were analyzed through regression analysis. The net energy for maintenance was 82.3 kcal/kg BW0.75, while the energy efficiencies for maintenance and gain were 0.72 and 0.29, respectively. Crude protein for maintenance was 1.78 g/kg BW0.75, and the nitrogen efficiencies for maintenance and gain were 0.41 and 0.27, respectively. The maintenance requirement of energy was greater, while protein was similarly related to values reported in the literature; however, the efficiency of energy and protein use was lower in growing lambs. These results suggested that estimating energy and nitrogen requirements for growing lambs must be adjusted in Colombian highland conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yesid Avellaneda
- Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA), C.I. Tibaitatá, Km 14 Vía Mosquera, Mosquera 250047, Cundinamarca, Colombia; (Y.A.); (E.M.)
| | - Edgar Mancipe
- Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA), C.I. Tibaitatá, Km 14 Vía Mosquera, Mosquera 250047, Cundinamarca, Colombia; (Y.A.); (E.M.)
| | - Juan Vargas
- AgNext, Department of Animal Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA;
| | - Diego Manriquez
- AgNext, Department of Animal Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA;
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Zhang R, Liu C, Yu D, She D, Yu Y, Cai Y, Chen N. Melatonin protects oogenesis from hypobaric hypoxia-induced fertility damage in mice. ZYGOTE 2024; 32:161-169. [PMID: 38465746 DOI: 10.1017/s0967199424000017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Environmental hypoxia adversely affects reproductive health in humans and animals at high altitudes. Therefore, how to alleviate the follicle development disorder caused by hypoxia exposure and to improve the competence of fertility in plateau non-habituated female animals are important problems to be solved urgently. In this study, a hypobaric hypoxic chamber was used for 4 weeks to simulate hypoxic conditions in female mice, and the effects of hypoxia on follicle development, proliferation and apoptosis of granulosa cells, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in MII oocyte and 2-cell rate were evaluated. At the same time, the alleviating effect of melatonin on hypoxic exposure-induced oogenesis damage was evaluated by feeding appropriate amounts of melatonin daily under hypoxia for 4 weeks. The results showed that hypoxia exposure significantly increased the proportion of antral follicles in the ovary, the number of proliferation and apoptosis granulosa cells in the follicle, and the level of ROS in MII oocytes, eventually led to the decline of oocyte quality. However, these defects were alleviated when melatonin was fed under hypoxia conditions. Together, these findings suggest that hypoxia exposure impaired follicular development and reduced oocyte quality, and that melatonin supplementation alleviated the fertility reduction induced by hypoxia exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruina Zhang
- School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering West Anhui University, Lu'an, 237012, China
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, West Anhui University, Lu'an, 237012, China
| | - Cong Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Daolun Yu
- School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering West Anhui University, Lu'an, 237012, China
| | - Deyong She
- School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering West Anhui University, Lu'an, 237012, China
| | - Yan Yu
- School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering West Anhui University, Lu'an, 237012, China
| | - Yongping Cai
- College of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230000, China
| | - Naifu Chen
- School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering West Anhui University, Lu'an, 237012, China
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, West Anhui University, Lu'an, 237012, China
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Li W, Zeng W, Zhang Y, Ma Z, Fang X, Han Y, Sun Y, Jin X, Ma L. A comparative metabolomics analysis of domestic yak ( Bos grunniens) milk with human breast milk. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1207950. [PMID: 37841471 PMCID: PMC10570732 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1207950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Yaks are tough animals living in Tibet's hypoxic stress environment. However, the metabolite composition of yak milk and its role in hypoxic stress tolerance remains largely unexplored. The similarities and differences between yak and human milk in hypoxic stress tolerance are also unclear. This study explored yak colostrum (YC) and yak mature milk (YMM) using GC-MS, and 354 metabolites were identified in yak milk. A comparative metabolomic analysis of yak and human milk metabolites showed that over 70% of metabolites were species-specific. Yak milk relies mainly on essential amino acids- arginine and essential branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs): L-isoleucine, L-leucine, and L-valine tolerate hypoxic stress. To slow hypoxic stress, human breast milk relies primarily on the neuroprotective effects of non-essential amino acids or derivates, such as citrulline, sarcosine, and creatine. In addition, metabolites related to hypoxic stress were significantly enriched in YC than in YMM. These results reveal the unique metabolite composition of yak and human milk and provide practical information for applying yak and human milk to hypoxic stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Li
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Weike Zeng
- Center for Genomics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yanping Zhang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Zhijie Ma
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Xingyan Fang
- Center for Genomics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yingcang Han
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Yonggang Sun
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Xiayang Jin
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Liuyin Ma
- Center for Genomics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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Yang R, Zhang S, Duan C, Guo Y, Shan X, Zhang X, Yue S, Zhang Y, Liu Y. Effect of prolactin on cytotoxicity and oxidative stress in ovine ovarian granulosa cells. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15629. [PMID: 37456891 PMCID: PMC10340108 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Prolactin (PRL) has been reported to be associated with oxidative stress, which is an important contributor leading to cell apoptosis. However, little is known about the mechanisms underlying the effects of PRL on cytotoxicity and oxidative stress in ovine ovarian granulosa cells (GCs). Methods Ovine ovarian GCs were treated with 0, 4, 20, 100 and 500 ng/mL of PRL. Then, the cytotoxicity, cell viability, malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) of GCs were detected. Additionally, 500 ng/mL PRL was chosen as the high PRL concentration (HPC) due to its high cytotoxicity and oxidative stress. Proteomic and metabonomic were performed to examine the overall difference in proteins and metabolic pathways between C (control: 0 ng/mL PRL) and P groups (500 ng/mL PRL). Results The results indicated that GCs treated with 4 ng/mL PRL significantly decreased (P < 0.05) the cytotoxicity, ROS and MDA, increased (P < 0.05) the cell viability, SOD and T-AOC, and the GCs treated with 500 ng/mL PRL showed the opposite trend (P < 0.05). Supplementation with 500 ng/mL PRL significantly increased the proteins of MT-ND1, MAPK12, UBA52 and BCL2L1, which were enriched in ROS and mitophagy pathways. Pathway enrichment analysis showed that the pentose phosphate pathway was significantly enriched in the P group. Conclusion A low concentration of PRL inhibited cytotoxicity and oxidative stress. HPC induced oxidative stress in ovine ovarian GCs via the pentose phosphate pathway by modulating the associated proteins MT-ND1 in ROS pathway and UBA52, MAPK12 and BCL2L1 in mitophagy pathway, resulting in cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shuo Zhang
- China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Yunxia Guo
- Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Xinyu Shan
- Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | | | - Sicong Yue
- Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | | | - Yueqin Liu
- Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
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Ding M, Lu Y, Huang X, Xing C, Hou S, Wang D, Zhang Y, Wang W, Zhang C, Zhang M, Meng F, Liu K, Liu G, Zhao J, Song L. Acute hypoxia induced dysregulation of clock-controlled ovary functions. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1024038. [PMID: 36620217 PMCID: PMC9816144 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1024038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
High altitudes or exposure to hypoxia leads to female reproductive disorders. Circadian clocks are intrinsic time-tracking systems that enable organisms to adapt to the Earth's 24-h light/dark cycle, which can be entrained by other environmental stimuli to regulate physiological and pathological responses. In this study, we focused on whether ovarian circadian clock proteins were involved in regulating female reproductive dysfunction under hypoxic conditions. Hypobaric hypoxia was found to induce a significantly prolonged estrous cycle in female mice, accompanied by follicular atresia, pituitary/ovarian hormone synthesis disorder, and decreased LHCGR expression in the ovaries. Under the same conditions, the levels of the ovarian circadian clock proteins, CLOCK and BMAL1, were suppressed, whereas E4BP4 levels were upregulated. Results from granulosa cells (GCs) further demonstrated that CLOCK: BMAL1 and E4BP4 function as transcriptional activators and repressors of LHCGR in ovarian GCs, respectively, whose responses were mediated by HIF1ɑ-dependent (E4BP4 upregulation) and ɑ-independent (CLOCK and BMAL1 downregulation) manners. The LHCGR agonist was shown to efficiently recover the impairment of ovulation-related gene (EREG and PGR) expression in GCs induced by hypoxia. We conclude that hypoxia exposure causes dysregulation of ovarian circadian clock protein (CLOCK, BMAL1, and E4BP4) expression, which mediates female reproductive dysfunction by impairing LHCGR-dependent signaling events. Adjusting the timing system or recovering the LHCGR level in the ovaries may be helpful in overcoming female reproductive disorders occurring in the highlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengnan Ding
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yarong Lu
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,Henan University Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Xing
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shaojun Hou
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China,School of Pharmacy, Jiamus University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Dongxue Wang
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,School of Pharmacy, Jiamus University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,School of Pharmacy, Jiamus University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Chongchong Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,Henan University Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Kaifeng, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Fanfei Meng
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guangchao Liu
- Henan University Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Kaifeng, China
| | - Jincheng Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Jiamus University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Lun Song
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China,School of Pharmacy, Jiamus University, Jiamusi, China,College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China,*Correspondence: Lun Song,
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Li W, Zeng W, Jin X, Xu H, Fang X, Ma Z, Cao G, Li R, Ma L. High-Altitude Stress Orchestrates mRNA Expression and Alternative Splicing of Ovarian Follicle Development Genes in Tibetan Sheep. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:2812. [PMID: 36290198 PMCID: PMC9597790 DOI: 10.3390/ani12202812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
High-altitude stress threatens the survival rate of Tibetan sheep and reduces their fertility. However, the molecular basis of this phenomenon remains elusive. Here, we used RNA-seq to elucidate the transcriptome dynamics of high-altitude stress in Tibetan sheep ovaries. In total, 104 genes were characterized as high-altitude stress-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs). In addition, 36 DEGs contributed to ovarian follicle development, and 28 of them were downregulated under high-altitude stress. In particular, high-altitude stress significantly suppressed the expression of two ovarian lymphatic system marker genes: LYVE1 and ADAMTS-1. Network analysis revealed that luteinizing hormone (LH)/follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) signaling-related genes, such as EGR1, FKBP5, DUSP1, and FOS, were central regulators in the DEG network, and these genes were also suppressed under high-altitude stress. As a post-transcriptional regulation mechanism, alternative splicing (AS) is ubiquitous in Tibetan sheep. High-altitude stress induced 917 differentially alternative splicing (DAS) events. High-altitude stress modulated DAS in an AS-type-specific manner: suppressing skipped exon events but increasing retained intron events. C2H2-type zinc finger transcription factors and RNA processing factors were mainly enriched in DAS. These findings revealed high-altitude stress repressed ovarian development by suppressing the gene expression of LH/FSH hormone signaling genes and inducing intron retention of C2H2-type zinc finger transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Li
- Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Weike Zeng
- College of Forestry, School of Future Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xiayang Jin
- Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Huiming Xu
- College of Forestry, School of Future Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xingyan Fang
- College of Forestry, School of Future Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zhijie Ma
- Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Gangjian Cao
- College of Forestry, School of Future Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Ruizhe Li
- Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Liuyin Ma
- College of Forestry, School of Future Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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Eaton L, Pamenter ME. What to do with low O 2: Redox adaptations in vertebrates native to hypoxic environments. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2022; 271:111259. [PMID: 35724954 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2022.111259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are important cellular signalling molecules but sudden changes in redox balance can be deleterious to cells and lethal to the whole organism. ROS production is inherently linked to environmental oxygen availability and many species live in variable oxygen environments that can range in both severity and duration of hypoxic exposure. Given the importance of redox homeostasis to cell and animal viability, it is not surprising that early studies in species adapted to various hypoxic niches have revealed diverse strategies to limit or mitigate deleterious ROS changes. Although research in this area is in its infancy, patterns are beginning to emerge in the suites of adaptations to different hypoxic environments. This review focuses on redox adaptations (i.e., modifications of ROS production and scavenging, and mitigation of oxidative damage) in hypoxia-tolerant vertebrates across a range of hypoxic environments. In general, evidence suggests that animals adapted to chronic lifelong hypoxia are in homeostasis, and do not encounter major oxidative challenges in their homeostatic environment, whereas animals exposed to seasonal chronic anoxia or hypoxia rapidly downregulate redox balance to match a hypometabolic state and employ robust scavenging pathways during seasonal reoxygenation. Conversely, animals adapted to intermittent hypoxia exposure face the greatest degree of ROS imbalance and likely exhibit enhanced ROS-mitigation strategies. Although some progress has been made, research in this field is patchy and further elucidation of mechanisms that are protective against environmental redox challenges is imperative for a more holistic understanding of how animals survive hypoxic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam Eaton
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Matthew E Pamenter
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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Gu B, Wang S, Liu F, Song Y, Li J, Ni Y, Chen M, Hu J, Ouzhu L, Li Z, Liu L, Li X, Liu X. Same total normal forms sperm counts of males from Lhasa and Shanghai, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:18820-18831. [PMID: 34704224 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17083-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Male infertility may be caused by genetic and/or environmental factors that impair spermatogenesis and sperm maturation. High-altitude (HA) hypoxic environments represent one of the most serious challenges faced by humans that reside in these areas. To assess the influence of the plateau environment on semen parameters, 2,798 males, including 1,111 native Tibetans and 1,687 Han Chinese individuals living in the plains (HCILP) who underwent pre-pregnancy checkups, were enrolled in this study. The semen samples of males were evaluated to determine conventional sperm parameters, sperm morphology, and sperm movement. Reproductive endocrine hormones (REHs) were detected in 474 males, including 221 Tibetans and 253 HCILP. Due to recurrent abortions in partners, the DNA fragmentation index (DFI) of 133 native Tibetans and 393 HCILP individuals was further compared. Luteinizing hormone (LH) (4.94 ± 2.12 vs. 3.29 ± 1.43 U/L), prolactin (11.34 ± 3.87 vs. 8.97 ± 3.48 nmol/L), E2/T (0.22 ± 0.11 vs 0.11 ± 0.05), median total sperm motility (61.20% vs. 51.56%), and DFI (23.11% vs. 7.22%) were higher in males from plateau areas while median progressive motility (PR) (35.60% vs. 41.12%), total number of PR sperms (51.61 vs. 59.63 mil/ejaculate), percentage of normal form sperms (3.70% vs. 6.00%), curvilinear velocity (36.10 vs. 48.97 μm/s), straight-line (rectilinear) velocity (14.70 vs. 31.52 μm/s), estradiol (103.82 ± 45.92 vs. 146.01 ± 39.73 pmol/L), progesterone (0.29 ± 0.27 vs. 2.22 ± 0.84 nmol/L), testosterone (4.90 ± 1.96 vs. 14.36 ± 5.24 nmol/L), and testosterone secretion index (ratio of testosterone to LH) (33.45 ± 22.86 vs 145.78 ± 73.41) were lower than those in males from the plains. There was no difference in median total sperm number (157.76 vs. 151.65 mil/mL), sperm concentration (52.40 vs. 51.79 mil/mL), volume (3.10 vs. 3.10 mL), total normal form sperms (5.91 vs. 6.58 mil/ejaculate, p50), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels (4.13 ± 2.55 U/L vs 3.82 ± 2.35 U/L) between the two groups of males. The REH and sperm parameters of males from HA hypoxic environments were adaptively altered. Although the total number of PR sperm decreased and DFI increased, the Tibetan population that lives at HAs has been found to grown continuously and rapidly. These results supplement prior findings regarding the impact of HA on male reproductive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benhong Gu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
- Department of Urology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Shangren Wang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Andrology, Center of Urologic Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital Affiliated To Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200080, China
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Fokind Maternity and Children's Hospital, Tibet, Lhasa, 850000, China
| | - Yuxuan Song
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Jun Li
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Fokind Maternity and Children's Hospital, Tibet, Lhasa, 850000, China
| | - Yongtao Ni
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Fokind Maternity and Children's Hospital, Tibet, Lhasa, 850000, China
| | - Min Chen
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Fokind Maternity and Children's Hospital, Tibet, Lhasa, 850000, China
| | - Jianlin Hu
- Department of Andrology, Center of Urologic Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital Affiliated To Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Luobu Ouzhu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Fokind Maternity and Children's Hospital, Tibet, Lhasa, 850000, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of Andrology, Center of Urologic Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital Affiliated To Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China.
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China.
| | - Xiaoqiang Liu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China.
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Adaptation Mechanisms of Yak ( Bos grunniens) to High-Altitude Environmental Stress. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11082344. [PMID: 34438801 PMCID: PMC8388626 DOI: 10.3390/ani11082344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Living at a high altitude involves many environmental challenges. The combined effects of hypoxia and cold stress impose severe physiological challenges on endothermic animals. The yak is integral to the livelihood of the people occupying the vast, inhospitable Qinghai-Tibetan plateau and the surrounding mountainous region. Due to long-term selection, the yak exhibits stable and unique genetic characteristics which enable physiological, biochemical, and morphological adaptations to a high altitude. Thus, the yak is a representative model for mammalian plateau-adaptability studies. Understanding coping mechanisms provides unique insights into adaptive evolution, thus informing the breeding of domestic yaks. This review provides an overview of genetic adaptations in Bos grunniens to high-altitude environmental stress. Combined genomics and theoretical advances have informed the genetic basis of high-altitude adaptations.
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Gutzeit O, Iluz R, Ginsberg Y, Nebenzahl K, Beloosesky R, Weiner Z, Fainaru O. Perinatal hypoxia leads to primordial follicle activation and premature depletion of ovarian reserve. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2021; 35:7844-7848. [PMID: 34121582 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2021.1937985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The human ovary contains 6-million follicles during the 20th week of embryonic development and 1 million at birth. Girls born at small for gestational age weight demonstrate higher FSH levels during infancy, an earlier onset of puberty, and menarche. In light of these observations, we hypothesized that exposure to hypoxia at the early neonatal period might impact the primordial follicular pool and lead to premature depletion of ovarian reserve. METHODS Ovarian development in the rat model at days 1-5 postpartum reflects its human counterpart in the late perinatal period. We exposed newborn rat pups (n = 5) to controlled hypoxia, (5% oxygen/95% nitrogen) for 10 min three times daily for days 1-5 postpartum. On day 5, ovaries were harvested, H&E, Ki-67, and TUNEL staining were performed. RESULTS The percentage of primordial follicles out of total follicles in ovaries of pups exposed to hypoxia was lower compared to control (76 ± 8.2% and 90.33 ± 6.3% respectively, p < .05). Correspondingly the percentage of primary and secondary follicles was higher than in control. The mean stromal Ki67 staining score was significantly lower in the study group (1.67 ± 0.58 and 2.5 ± 0.55 respectively, p < .05). TUNEL staining demonstrated no difference in stromal apoptosis rates between both groups. CONCLUSIONS We provide evidence for the first time that perinatal hypoxia causes premature activation and growth initiation of dormant follicles. These changes were associated with decreased stromal cell proliferation, suggesting hypoxia-induced impairment of the support cell pool as a possible mechanism for accelerated follicular activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ola Gutzeit
- IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Roee Iluz
- IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Yuval Ginsberg
- IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Keren Nebenzahl
- IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Ron Beloosesky
- IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Zeev Weiner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Ofer Fainaru
- IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
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Developmental programming of cardiovascular function: a translational perspective. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 134:3023-3046. [PMID: 33231619 DOI: 10.1042/cs20191210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD) is a concept linking pre- and early postnatal exposures to environmental influences with long-term health outcomes and susceptibility to disease. It has provided a new perspective on the etiology and evolution of chronic disease risk, and as such is a classic example of a paradigm shift. What first emerged as the 'fetal origins of disease', the evolution of the DOHaD conceptual framework is a storied one in which preclinical studies played an important role. With its potential clinical applications of DOHaD, there is increasing desire to leverage this growing body of preclinical work to improve health outcomes in populations all over the world. In this review, we provide a perspective on the values and limitations of preclinical research, and the challenges that impede its translation. The review focuses largely on the developmental programming of cardiovascular function and begins with a brief discussion on the emergence of the 'Barker hypothesis', and its subsequent evolution into the more-encompassing DOHaD framework. We then discuss some fundamental pathophysiological processes by which developmental programming may occur, and attempt to define these as 'instigator' and 'effector' mechanisms, according to their role in early adversity. We conclude with a brief discussion of some notable challenges that hinder the translation of this preclinical work.
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12
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Tozlu Çelik H, Aslan FA, Us Altay D, Kahveci ME, Konanç K, Noyan T, Ayhan S. Effects of transport and altitude on hormones and oxidative stress parameters in sheep. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0244911. [PMID: 33635884 PMCID: PMC7909637 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In study, it was aimed to determine the stress effects that can be caused by transporting and altitude in sheep. Karayaka sheeps were used in the study. Karayaka sheeps are a valuable breed of meat quality and fleece, which is raised in the Black Sea region. The live weight of the sheep (n = 30) while hungry was determined before transport and sea level. Average live weight was determined as 55.64 ± 4.66 kg. Blood samples were collected just before (sea level) and just after transport (1500 meters above sea level). Transportation distance was approximately 182 km and duration was 5 hours. According to the findings, cortisol was not affected by transport stress and altitude (P>0.05) and Triiyodotironin (T3) (P<0.039) and Tyrosine (T4) (P<0.000) were affected significantly. Malondialchehyche (MDA), which is one of the oxidative stress parameters, was significantly affected (P<0.039) and Protein Carbonyl (PC) values were not affected by transport and altitude (P>0.184). As a result of this study, it was determined that transportation and altitude in sheep causes stress. Stress-reducing measures should be taken in the exposure of sheep to altitude differences and in transportation. Antioxidant nutritional supplements should be made in order not to negatively affect the meat quality in sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilal Tozlu Çelik
- Department of Food Processing, Ulubey Vocational High School, Ordu University, Ulubey, Ordu, Turkey
- * E-mail: ,
| | - Fatih Ahmet Aslan
- Department of Chemical and Chemical Processing Technologies, Ulubey Vocational School, Ordu University, Ulubey, Ordu, Turkey
| | - Diler Us Altay
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ordu University, Altınordu, Ordu, Turkey
| | - Metehan Eser Kahveci
- Veterinary Department, Ulubey Vocational School, Ordu University, Ulubey, Ordu, Turkey
| | - Kalbiye Konanç
- Veterinary Department, Ulubey Vocational School, Ordu University, Ulubey, Ordu, Turkey
| | - Tevfik Noyan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ordu University, Altınordu, Ordu, Turkey
| | - Sertaç Ayhan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ordu University, Altınordu, Ordu, Turkey
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Yan F, Zhao Q, Gao H, Wang X, Xu K, Wang Y, Han F, Liu Q, Shi Y. Exploring the mechanism of (-)-Epicatechin on premature ovarian insufficiency based on network pharmacology and experimental evaluation. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:BSR20203955. [PMID: 33521822 PMCID: PMC7881164 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20203955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
METHODS Relevant potential targets for EC were obtained based on Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology Database (TCMSP), a bioinformatics analysis tool for molecular mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine (BATMAN-TCM) and STITCH databases. The Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) and GeneCards databases were utilized to screen the known POI-related targets, while Cytoscape software was used for network construction and visualization. Then, the Gene Ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment analysis were carried out by the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) database. Furthermore, KGN cells were performed to validate the predicted results in oxidative stress (OS) model, and antioxidant effect was examined. RESULTS A total of 70 potential common targets for EC in the treatment of POI were obtained through network pharmacology. Metabolic process, response to stimulus and antioxidant activity occupied a leading position of Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis indicated that PI3K/protein kinase B (AKT), TNF, estrogen, VEGF and MAPK signaling pathways were significantly enriched. In addition, cell experiments showed that EC exhibited antioxidant effects in an H2O2-mediated OS model in ovarian granulosa cells by regulating the expression of PI3K/AKT/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway and multiple downstream antioxidant enzymes. CONCLUSION EC could regulate multiple signaling pathways and several biological processes (BPs). EC had the ability to down-regulate elevated OS level through the PI3K/AKT/Nrf2 signaling pathway and represented a potential novel treatment for POI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yan
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Huanpeng Gao
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomei Wang
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yishu Wang
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Fuguo Han
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Qingfei Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Shi
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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14
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Xin Z, Chen X, Zhang Q, Wang J, Xi Y, Liu J, Li B, Dong X, Lin Y, Zhang W, Chen J, Luo W. Alteration in topological properties of brain functional network after 2-year high altitude exposure: A panel study. Brain Behav 2020; 10:e01656. [PMID: 32909397 PMCID: PMC7559604 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION High altitude (HA) exposure leads to cognitive impairment while the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Brain functional network is crucial for advanced functions, and its alteration is implicated in cognitive decline in multiple diseases. The aim of current study was to investigate the topological changes in HA-exposed brain functional network. METHODS Based on Shaanxi-Tibet immigrant cohort, neuropsychological tests and resting-state functional MRI were applied to evaluate the participants' cognitive function and functional connection (FC) changes, respectively. GRETNA toolbox was used to construct the brain functional network. The gray matter was parcellated into 116 anatomically defined regions according to Automated Anatomical Labeling atlas. Subsequently, the mean time series for each of the 116 regions were extracted and computed for Pearson's correlation coefficients. The relation matrix was further processed and seen as brain functional network. Correlation between functional network changes and neuropsychological results was also examined. RESULTS The cognitive performance was impaired by HA exposure as indicated by neuropsychological test. HA exposure led to alterations of degree centrality and nodal efficiency in multiple brain regions. Moreover, two subnetworks were extracted in which the FCs significantly decreased after exposure. In addition, the alterations in FCs within above two subnetworks were significantly correlated with changes of memory and reaction time. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that HA exposure modulates the topological property of functional network and FCs of some important regions, which may impair the attention, perception, memory, motion ignition, and modulation processes, finally decreasing cognitive performance in neuropsychological tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenlong Xin
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoming Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiye Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yibin Xi
- Department of Radiology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Network Center, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Baojuan Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoru Dong
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yiwen Lin
- School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenbin Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jingyuan Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenjing Luo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
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15
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Parraguez VH, Gonzalez-Bulnes A. Endocrinology of reproductive function and pregnancy at high altitudes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coemr.2019.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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16
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Friedrich J, Wiener P. Selection signatures for high-altitude adaptation in ruminants. Anim Genet 2020; 51:157-165. [PMID: 31943284 DOI: 10.1111/age.12900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
High-altitude areas are important socio-economical habitats with ruminants serving as a major source of food and commodities for humans. Living at high altitude, however, is extremely challenging, predominantly due to the exposure to hypoxic conditions, but also because of cold temperatures and limited feed for livestock. To survive in high-altitude environments over the long term, ruminants have evolved adaptation strategies, e.g. physiological and morphological modifications, which allow them to cope with these harsh conditions. Identification of such selection signatures in ruminants may contribute to more informed breeding decisions, and thus improved productivity. Moreover, studying the genetic background of altitude adaptation in ruminants provides insights into a common molecular basis across species and thus a better understanding of the physiological basis of this adaptation. In this paper, we review the major effects of high altitude on the mammalian body and highlight some of the most important short-term (coping) and genetically evolved (adaptation) physiological modifications. We then discuss the genetic architecture of altitude adaptation and target genes that show evidence of being under selection based on recent studies in various species, with a focus on ruminants. The yak is presented as an interesting native species that has adapted to the high-altitude regions of Tibet. Finally, we conclude with implications and challenges of selection signature studies on altitude adaptation in general. We found that the number of studies on genetic mechanisms that enable altitude adaptation in ruminants is growing, with a strong focus on identifying selection signatures, and hypothesise that the investigation of genetic data from multiple species and regions will contribute greatly to the understanding of the genetic basis of altitude adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Friedrich
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK
| | - P Wiener
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK
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17
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Yadav AK, Yadav PK, Chaudhary GR, Tiwari M, Gupta A, Sharma A, Pandey AN, Pandey AK, Chaube SK. Autophagy in hypoxic ovary. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:3311-3322. [PMID: 31062072 PMCID: PMC11105528 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03122-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Oxygen deprivation affects human health by modulating system as well as cellular physiology. Hypoxia generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), causes oxidative stress and affects female reproductive health by altering ovarian as well as oocyte physiology in mammals. Hypoxic conditions lead to several degenerative changes by inducing various cell death pathways like autophagy, apoptosis and necrosis in the follicle of mammalian ovary. The encircling somatic cell death interrupts supply of nutrients to the oocyte and nutrient deprivation may result in the generation of ROS. Increased level of ROS could induce granulosa cells as well as oocyte autophagy. Although autophagy removes damaged proteins and subcellular organelles to maintain the cell survival, irreparable damages could induce cell death within intra-follicular microenvironment. Hypoxia-induced autophagy is operated through 5' AMP activated protein kinase-mammalian target of rapamycin, endoplasmic reticulum stress/unfolded protein response and protein kinase C delta-c-junN terminal kinase 1 pathways in a wide variety of somatic cell types. Similar to somatic cells, we propose that hypoxia may induce granulosa cell as well as oocyte autophagy and it could be responsible at least in part for germ cell elimination from mammalian ovary. Hypoxia-mediated germ cell depletion may cause several reproductive impairments including early menopause in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kumar Yadav
- Cell Physiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Pramod K Yadav
- Cell Physiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Govind R Chaudhary
- Cell Physiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Meenakshi Tiwari
- Cell Physiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Anumegha Gupta
- Cell Physiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Alka Sharma
- Cell Physiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Ashutosh N Pandey
- Cell Physiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Ajai K Pandey
- Department of Kayachikitsa, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Shail K Chaube
- Cell Physiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
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18
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He XD, Xia Y, Jige MT, Wang H, Zi XD. Adaptive response of reproduction to high-altitude hypoxic stress by altering mRNA expression of hypoxia-inducible factors in female yaks (Bos grunniens). Anim Biotechnol 2019; 31:373-375. [DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2019.1588128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Dong He
- Key-Laboratory of Animal Science of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Xia
- Key-Laboratory of Animal Science of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mo-Ti Jige
- Key-Laboratory of Animal Science of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Key-Laboratory of Animal Science of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiang-Dong Zi
- Key-Laboratory of Animal Science of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Argudo DE, Galarza DA, Bueno P, Iñiguez CU, Méndez S, Soria ME, Torres CS, Perea FP, Alberio RH. Methods of collection, extender type, and freezability of semen collected from creole bulls raised in the tropical highlands of Ecuador. Trop Anim Health Prod 2019; 51:1839-1845. [PMID: 30941705 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-019-01877-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the best combination between two collection method and two extenders in the cryopreservation of semen from creole bulls adapted to highlands of the Ecuadorian Andes. Sixty ejaculates from three adult Creole bulls were evaluated after collection by artificial vagina (AV) and electroejaculation (EE). Semen samples were split into two aliquots and diluted with a soy lecithin extender (Andromed®; A) or an egg yolk-containing extender (Triladyl®; T) and packed in straws of 0.25 ml with 20 × 106 sperms. Optical microscopy and computer-assisted semen analysis system (CASA) were used to evaluate semen quality characteristics. The effects of collection methods and extender type as well as its interaction were evaluated by a factorial ANOVA and Bonferroni's test. Semen samples collected with EE and frozen with T (EE-T) and A (EE-A) had greater proportion of spermatozoa with optical assessed individual progressive motility (IPM), plasmatic membrane intact (HosT), and lower tail abnormalities than those obtained with AV and frozen with the same extenders (AV-T and AV-A); however, differences were significant only between EE-A and AV-T. CASA assessment indicated that the total mobility (TM) was greater (P < 0.05) in semen samples diluted with T, although these samples had a greater proportion (P < 0.05) of sperms with local motility (LM) and fewer immobile sperms (IS), than those extended with A. Generally, semen samples obtained with EE or AV and diluted with T seems to be the best option to ciopreserve gametes of Creole bulls raised in highlands of Ecuadorian Andes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel E Argudo
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología de la Reproducción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Cuenca, Campus Yanuncay, Av. 12 de Octubre y Diego de Tapia, Cuenca, Provincia del Azuay, Ecuador.
| | - Diego A Galarza
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología de la Reproducción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Cuenca, Campus Yanuncay, Av. 12 de Octubre y Diego de Tapia, Cuenca, Provincia del Azuay, Ecuador
| | - Patricio Bueno
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología de la Reproducción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Cuenca, Campus Yanuncay, Av. 12 de Octubre y Diego de Tapia, Cuenca, Provincia del Azuay, Ecuador
| | - Carlos U Iñiguez
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología de la Reproducción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Cuenca, Campus Yanuncay, Av. 12 de Octubre y Diego de Tapia, Cuenca, Provincia del Azuay, Ecuador
| | - Silvana Méndez
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología de la Reproducción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Cuenca, Campus Yanuncay, Av. 12 de Octubre y Diego de Tapia, Cuenca, Provincia del Azuay, Ecuador
| | - Manuel E Soria
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología de la Reproducción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Cuenca, Campus Yanuncay, Av. 12 de Octubre y Diego de Tapia, Cuenca, Provincia del Azuay, Ecuador
| | - Carlos S Torres
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología de la Reproducción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Cuenca, Campus Yanuncay, Av. 12 de Octubre y Diego de Tapia, Cuenca, Provincia del Azuay, Ecuador
| | - Fernando P Perea
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología de la Reproducción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Cuenca, Campus Yanuncay, Av. 12 de Octubre y Diego de Tapia, Cuenca, Provincia del Azuay, Ecuador.,Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad de los Andes, Trujillo, Venezuela
| | - Ricardo H Alberio
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina
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20
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Folic acid supplementation repressed hypoxia-induced inflammatory response via ROS and JAK2/STAT3 pathway in human promyelomonocytic cells. Nutr Res 2018; 53:40-50. [PMID: 29685624 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2018.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia is associated with inflammation and various chronic diseases. Folic acid is known to ameliorate inflammatory reactions, but the metabolism of folic acid protecting against hypoxia-induced injury is still unclear. In our study, we examined the inflammatory signal transduction pathway in human promyelomonocytic cells (THP-1 cells) with or without treatment with folic acid under hypoxic culture conditions. Our results indicated that supplementation with folic acid significantly reduced the levels of interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α in hypoxic conditions. Treating THP-1 cells with folic acid suppressed oxidative stress and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in a dose-dependent manner. Folic acid targeted the activation of Janus kinase 2, downregulated the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, and decreased the expression of nuclear factor-κB p65 protein in cells. However, the absence of folic acid did not make cells more vulnerable under hypoxic conditions. In conclusion, folic acid efficiently inhibited the inflammatory response of THP-1 cells under hypoxic conditions by inhibiting reactive oxygen species production and the Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 signaling pathway. Our study supports a basis for treatment with folic acid for chronic inflammation, which correlated with hypoxia.
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21
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Ng KYB, Mingels R, Morgan H, Macklon N, Cheong Y. In vivo oxygen, temperature and pH dynamics in the female reproductive tract and their importance in human conception: a systematic review. Hum Reprod Update 2018; 24:15-34. [PMID: 29077897 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmx028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite advances in ART, implantation and pregnancy rates per embryo transfer still remain low. IVF laboratories strive to ensure that the process of handling gametes in vitro closely mimics the in vivo environment. However, there remains a lack of knowledge regarding the in vivo regulation and dynamic variation in biophysical parameters such as oxygen concentration, pH and temperature within the reproductive tract. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE To undertake a systematic review of the current understanding of the physico-chemical parameters of oxygen tension (pO2), pH and temperature within the female reproductive tract, and their potential implications in clinical and pathological processes related to fertility and those pertaining to limited reproductive capacity. SEARCH METHODS A comprehensive literature search was performed using electronic databases including Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library and Pubmed to identify original and review articles addressing the biophysical parameters (pO2, pH and temperature) in the female reproductive tract of any species. The search included all studies published between 1946 and November 2015. Search terms included 'oxygen', 'pH', 'hydrogen ion concentration', 'acid base' and others terms. We also used special features and truncations to identify synonyms and broaden the search. Studies were excluded if they only assessed embryo culture conditions, fetal acid-base status, oxidative stress, outcomes of pregnancy and measurements of these parameters in non-reproductive organs. OUTCOMES Our search generated 18 685 records and 60 articles were included. pO2 within the female reproductive tract shows cyclical variation and minute-to-minute oscillations, which may be influenced by uterine contractility, hormones, the autonomic system, cardiac pulsatility, and myometrial and smooth muscle integrity. Fine balanced control of pO2 and avoidance of overwhelming oxidative stress is crucial for embryogenesis and implantation. The pH in the female reproductive tract is graduated, with lowest pH in the vagina (~pH 4.42) increasing toward the Fallopian tubes (FTs) (~pH 7.94), reflecting variation in the site-specific microbiome and acid-base buffering at the tissue/cellular level. The temperature variation in humans is cyclical by day and month. In humans, it is biphasic, increasing in the luteal phase; with the caudal region of the oviduct 1-2 degrees cooler than the cranial portion. Temperature variation is influenced by hormones, density of pelvic/uterine vascular beds and effectiveness of heat exchange locally, crucial for sperm motility and embryo development. We have identified significant deficiencies and inconsistencies in the methods used to assess these biophysical factors within the reproductive tract. We have suggested that the technological solutions including the development of methods and models for real time, in vivo recordings of biophysical parameters. WIDER IMPLICATIONS The notion of 'back to nature' in assisted conception suggested 20 years ago has yet to be translated into clinical practice. While the findings from this systematic review do not provide evidence to change current in vitro protocols, it highlights our current inability to assess the in vivo reproductive tract environment in real time. Data made available through future development of sensing technology in utero may help to provide new insights into how best to optimize the in vitro embryo environment and allow for more precise and personalized fertility treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka Ying Bonnie Ng
- Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Princess Anne Hospital, Room F86, Level F, Coxford Road, Southampton SO16 5YA, UK
| | - Roel Mingels
- Department of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Hywel Morgan
- Department of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Nick Macklon
- Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Princess Anne Hospital, Room F86, Level F, Coxford Road, Southampton SO16 5YA, UK
| | - Ying Cheong
- Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Princess Anne Hospital, Room F86, Level F, Coxford Road, Southampton SO16 5YA, UK.,Complete Fertility Centre Southampton, Princess Anne Hospital Coxford Road, Southampton SO16 5YA, UK
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22
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Li H, Hu J, Liu Y, Wang X, Tang S, Chen X, Niu M, Waili N, Bai Y, Wei Y. Effects of prenatal hypoxia on fetal sheep heart development and proteomics analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2018; 11:1909-1922. [PMID: 31938297 PMCID: PMC6958198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate abnormal fetal cardiac pathological injury with exposure to a hypoxic environment during pregnancy. Pregnant hypoxia sheep models were prepared using artificial cabins. Sixteen pregnant sheep were randomly divided into three groups: normal group (NG), mild hypoxia group (MHG), and severe hypoxia group (SHG). The degree of SpO2, SaO2, breathing and heart rate, CO, and MDA were determined. HE staining, SEM, and TEM were used to evaluate the pathological changes of fetal myocardium. iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomics was employed to identify differentially expressed proteins. At day 30 and 90, the levels of SpO2 and SaO2 in SHG and MHG sheep met the diagnostic criteria. Ninety days after modeling, a dramatic reduction of breathing rate and increase of heart rate was observed in MHG and SHG comparing with that in NG (P < 0.05). At day 120, CO and MDA increased significantly in SHG and MHG than those in NG (P < 0.05), also in SHG compared with that in MHG (P < 0.05). HE staining and electron microscopy scanning showed that the myocardium in SHG and MHG had different levels of tissue edema and abnormal distribution of mitochondrion compared to NG. Eighty differentially expressed proteins were identified in fetal cardiac tissues. In conclusion, different degrees of pregnant hypoxia sheep models were successfully established. Prenatal hypoxia can cause serious damage to heart development of fetal sheep, as well as lead to the significant changes of hypoxia-associated proteins expression, which may be used to the further investigation for clinical applications.
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Ram semen deterioration by short-term exposure to high altitude is prevented by improvement of antioxidant status. Animal 2017; 12:1007-1014. [PMID: 28988559 DOI: 10.1017/s1751731117002452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovine reproduction efficiency in herds at high altitude (ha) is lower than that at low altitude (la). In ewes, ha effects are due to hypoxia and oxidative stress. Our aim was to establish the effect of antioxidant vitamin supplementation on semen traits and antioxidant status of rams exposed to short or long time ha. A total of 32 rams native to la (~500 m) were used, 16 were kept at la and the other 16 were brought to ha (~3600 m), where they were placed in the same flock as the ha native rams (n=16). Half of the animals in each group were supplemented daily with vitamins C 600 mg and E 450 IU per os, during the entire experimental period, starting the 4th day after animal's arrival at ha (day 0). At days 0, 30 and 60 of treatment, blood and semen samples were collected for evaluation of antioxidant status and semen standard characteristics. Data were compared within each experimental time by analysis of variance using a general linear model. Elevated concentrations of oxidative stress biomarkers were present in blood from animals maintained at ha. Ejaculates from ha exposed rams showed decreased sperm concentration, progressive motility and viability, in addition to decreased antioxidant status in seminal fluid. A total of 30 days of oral supplementation with vitamins C and E prevented some ha negative effects on semen characteristics, mainly in recently ha exposed rams. It is concluded that exposure of rams to ha negatively affects semen quality, where oxidative stress plays a predominant role. These effects are mainly prevented by oral supplementation of vitamins C and E, which constitutes a simple and cheap alternative to improve semen quality of rams when they are moved to ha.
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GEOSPATIAL ASSESSMENT BASED ON FERTILITY AND MORTALITY DIFFERENTIAL INDICES OF NATURAL SELECTION IN NORTH-WEST AND EASTERN HIMALAYAN POPULATIONS. J Biosoc Sci 2016; 49:811-825. [PMID: 27995836 DOI: 10.1017/s0021932016000705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
There is contradictory evidence of having fewer live births and higher embryonic mortality among high-altitude populations than their counterparts at lower altitude. This study explores the geospatial differences in selection intensities among human populations living in different ecological settings. Reproductive data from post-menopausal women were collected from 75 women from near Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, at an altitude of 2150 m above sea level and 100 women from Jind, Haryana, at an altitude of 227 m. Secondary data were taken from 85 women from the Kinnaur district of Himachal Pradesh at an average altitude of 3420 m. A comparison of the study data was made with similar data from different populations living in the western and eastern Himalayas. The total selection intensity index based on Johnston and Kensinger's index was highest in Shimla and lowest in Kinnaur. The fertility selection component was highest in Shimla and lowest in Kinnaur. The prenatal mortality contribution to the total selection was highest in Shimla (30.76%) and lowest in Kinnaur (2.14%), while the contributions of normalized postnatal mortality were 16.39% and 57.80% in Shimla and Kinnaur, respectively. The fertility component of selection was higher than the mortality component in Shimla, while in the other two places the reverse was observed. Hypoxic conditions at high altitude seem to have little effect on the fertility and embryonic mortality rates of indigenous people. The geospatial differences in the selection intensities may be due to differences in ethnic, behavioural ecology, environmental, cultural and socioeconomic factors.
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Ovarian proteomic study reveals the possible molecular mechanism for hyperprolificacy of Small Tail Han sheep. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27606. [PMID: 27271055 PMCID: PMC4897777 DOI: 10.1038/srep27606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Small Tail Han sheep is a widely bred farm animal in China which has attracted lots of attention due to their high prolificacy and year-round estrus. However, the molecular mechanism of its fecundity remains unrevealed. The FecB gene polymorphism has been found to be associated with the ovulation rate and litter size of sheep. In the present study, we constructed an iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomics analysis to compare the ovarian proteomes of FecB+FecB+ genotype Small Tail Han sheep ewes (Han ++), FecBBFecBB Han ewes (Han BB) and Dorset ewes (Dorset). Hundreds of differentially expressed proteins between each two groups were identified; GO and KEGG pathway analysis indicated that the expressions of those proteins involved in ribosome assembly, protein translation and mTOR pathway between Dorset and both Han groups were highly different. Between Han ++ and Han BB groups, higher level of protein expressions were related to mitochondrial oxidation functions such as oxidoreductase activity, cytochrome-c oxidase activity and electron carrier activity. This was identified in Han BB group, which may contribute to the elevated ovulation rate of Han BB ewes. In conclusion, our work provided a prospective understanding of the molecular mechanism for high prolificacy of Small Tail Han sheep.
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Farías JG, Herrera EA, Carrasco-Pozo C, Sotomayor-Zárate R, Cruz G, Morales P, Castillo RL. Pharmacological models and approaches for pathophysiological conditions associated with hypoxia and oxidative stress. Pharmacol Ther 2015; 158:1-23. [PMID: 26617218 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2015.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia is the failure of oxygenation at the tissue level, where the reduced oxygen delivered is not enough to satisfy tissue demands. Metabolic depression is the physiological adaptation associated with reduced oxygen consumption, which evidently does not cause any harm to organs that are exposed to acute and short hypoxic insults. Oxidative stress (OS) refers to the imbalance between the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the ability of endogenous antioxidant systems to scavenge ROS, where ROS overwhelms the antioxidant capacity. Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of diseases related to hypoxia during intrauterine development and postnatal life. Thus, excessive ROS are implicated in the irreversible damage to cell membranes, DNA, and other cellular structures by oxidizing lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Here, we describe several pathophysiological conditions and in vivo and ex vivo models developed for the study of hypoxic and oxidative stress injury. We reviewed existing literature on the responses to hypoxia and oxidative stress of the cardiovascular, renal, reproductive, and central nervous systems, and discussed paradigms of chronic and intermittent hypobaric hypoxia. This systematic review is a critical analysis of the advantages in the application of some experimental strategies and their contributions leading to novel pharmacological therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge G Farías
- Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de la Frontera, Casilla 54-D, Temuco, Chile
| | - Emilio A Herrera
- Programa de Fisiopatología, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Chile; International Center for Andean Studies (INCAS), Universidad de Chile, Chile
| | | | - Ramón Sotomayor-Zárate
- Centro de Neurobiología y Plasticidad Cerebral (CNPC), Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Gonzalo Cruz
- Centro de Neurobiología y Plasticidad Cerebral (CNPC), Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Paola Morales
- Programa de Farmacología Molecular y Clínica, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Chile
| | - Rodrigo L Castillo
- Programa de Fisiopatología, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Chile.
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Parraguez VH, Mamani S, Cofré E, Castellaro G, Urquieta B, De los Reyes M, Astiz S, Gonzalez-Bulnes A. Disturbances in Maternal Steroidogenesis and Appearance of Intrauterine Growth Retardation at High-Altitude Environments Are Established from Early Pregnancy. Effects of Treatment with Antioxidant Vitamins. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0140902. [PMID: 26560325 PMCID: PMC4641609 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pregnancies at high-altitudes are influenced by hypoxia and oxidative stress and frequently affected by IUGR. However, a common thought is that early pregnant women visiting altitude have no major complications for gestation development, since IUGR is developed during the second half of pregnancy. Thus, using a well-characterized sheep-model, we aimed to determine whether long- and/or short-term exposure to high-altitude may affect maternal steroidogenesis and therefore embryo-fetal growth from conception. The second aim was to differentiate the relative role of hypoxia and oxidative stress by assessing the effects of supplementation with antioxidant agents during this early-pregnancy stage, which were previously found to be useful to prevent IUGR. The results indicate that both long- and short-term exposure to high-altitude causes disturbances in maternal ovarian steroidogenesis and negatively affects embryo-fetal growth already during the very early stages of gestation, with the consequences being even worsened in newcomers to high-altitude. The supply of antioxidant during this period only showed discrete effects for preventing IUGR. In conclusion, the present study gives a warning for clinicians about the risks for early-pregnant women when visiting high-altitude regions and suggests the need for further studies on the effects of the length of exposure and on the interaction of the exposure with the pregnancy stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor H. Parraguez
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Chile, Casilla 2, Correo 15, La Granja, Santiago, Chile
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Chile, Casilla 2, Correo 15, La Granja, Santiago, Chile
- International Centre for Andean Studies, University of Chile, Casilla 2, Correo 15, La Granja, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sandra Mamani
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Chile, Casilla 2, Correo 15, La Granja, Santiago, Chile
| | - Eileen Cofré
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Chile, Casilla 2, Correo 15, La Granja, Santiago, Chile
| | - Giorgio Castellaro
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Chile, Casilla 2, Correo 15, La Granja, Santiago, Chile
| | - Bessie Urquieta
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Chile, Casilla 2, Correo 15, La Granja, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mónica De los Reyes
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Chile, Casilla 2, Correo 15, La Granja, Santiago, Chile
| | - Susana Astiz
- Comparative Physiology Lab, SGIT-INIA, Av. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Gonzalez-Bulnes
- Comparative Physiology Lab, SGIT-INIA, Av. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100, Sassari, Italy
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Li Y, Liu Y. Oxygen enrichment and its application to life support systems for workers in high-altitude areas. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2014; 20:207-14. [PMID: 25000108 DOI: 10.1179/2049396714y.0000000068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Workers coming from lowland regions are at risk of developing acute mountain sickness (AMS) when working in low oxygen high-altitude areas. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to improve the conditions that lead to hypoxia and ensure the safety of the high-altitude workers. We analyzed the influence of low atmospheric pressure on the oxygen enrichment process in high-altitude areas using an engineering method called low-pressure swing adsorption (LPSA). METHODS Fourteen male subjects were screened and divided into three groups by type of oxygen supply system used: (1) oxygen cylinder group; (2) LPSA oxygen dispersal group; and (3) control group. These tests included arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2), pulse rate (PR), breaths per minute (BPM), and blood pressure (BP). RESULTS The results showed that after supplying oxygen using the LPSA method at the tunnel face, the SaO2 of workers increased; the incidence of acute mountain sickness, PR, and BPM significantly decreased. CONCLUSIONS The LPSA life support system was found to be a simple, convenient, efficient, reliable, and applicable approach to ensure proper working conditions at construction sites in high-altitude areas.
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Parraguez VH, Diaz F, Cofré E, Urquieta B, De Los Reyes M, Astiz S, Gonzalez-Bulnes A. Fertility of a high-altitude sheep model is compromised by deficiencies in both preovulatory follicle development and plasma LH availability. Reprod Domest Anim 2014; 49:977-84. [PMID: 25251782 DOI: 10.1111/rda.12417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
At high altitude, hypoxia and/or oxidative stress may compromise fertility. This study tested the relative effect of short- or long-term exposure to high-altitude hypobaric hypoxia and oxidative stress in sheep on preovulatory follicle dynamics and gonadotrophin secretion. Thus, growth dynamics, stereidogenic function and competence to ovulate of preovulatory follicles, as well as FSH and LH availability throughout the entire oestrous cycle, were compared among sheep native from low and high altitude, and sheep newcomers to high altitude. The results indicates that short-term exposure in sheep newcomers to high altitude has a deleterious effect on both the ovarian function (affecting preovulatory follicular development) and the pituitary function (diminishing plasma LH availability). On the other hand, there were no detected differences in the preovulatory follicular development in sheep adapted to high altitude for generations and, conversely, LH secretion was increased, which suggests an adaptive mechanism. The treatment with antioxidant agents during a relative short period for the time of folliculogenesis (approximately 1 month and a half) changed substantially the development of preovulatory follicles in short-term exposed sheep to similar patterns than in sheep native and living to both high and low altitude. These results highlight the role of oxidative stress in the detriment of the reproductive function in individuals recently exposed to high-altitude hypoxic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- V H Parraguez
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Chile, La Granja, Santiago, Chile; Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Chile, La Granja, Santiago, Chile; International Centre for Andean Studies, University of Chile, La Granja, Santiago, Chile
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Maternal aging affects life performance of progeny in a Holstein dairy cow model. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2014; 5:374-84. [DOI: 10.1017/s2040174414000361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The development and life performance of 404 high-producing Holstein dairy cows was studied from birth onwards and during two lactations. The management, environment and parental genetics of the cows were known in detail. Cluster analysis identified four performance ‘types’: high-yielding (HY) cows and persistently high-yielding (PHY) cows, which accounted for 33% of the animals; medium-yielding (MY) cows, 41%; and low-yielding (LY) cows, 26%. Prenatal determinants of the life performance of the progeny were analyzed. Developmental and environmental factors were excluded as determinants of performance (including birth weight, level of passive immunity transfer, growth rate, age at first parturition and reproductive efficiency). Life performance did show minor seasonal effects, with more HY cows but less PHY being born during the cold season (90.1% in HY; 58.3% in PHY v. 81.5%). Instead, the single most important factor influencing life performance of daughters was maternal age. HY cows were born from the youngest mothers (1.89±1.14 parturitions, 3.12±1.42-year old), whereas LY cows were born from the oldest (2.72±1.80 parturitions, 3.97±2.01-year old; P<0.001). Life performance of the dams did not differ among clusters. In addition, metabolic parameters (fat and protein yield) were found to correlate significantly with yields between the first and second lactations (milk yield: r=0.357; fat yield: r=0.211; protein yield: r=0.277; P<0.0001), suggesting the influence of the individual. These results suggest that under optimal health, nutritional and environmental conditions, maternal aging is an important determinant of the life performance of progeny and argue for the need to identify conditions that contribute to health and disease in progeny according to the Developmental Origin of Health and Disease or DOHaD concept. Our findings may help the development of novel management guidelines for dairy farms.
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