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Akhigbe R, Odetayo A, Akhigbe T, Hamed M, Ashonibare P. Pathophysiology and management of testicular ischemia/reperfusion injury: Lessons from animal models. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27760. [PMID: 38694115 PMCID: PMC11058307 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Testicular torsion is a urological emergency that involves the twisting of the spermatic cord along its course. Compelling pieces of evidence have implicated oxidative stress-sensitive signaling in pathogenesis of testicular I/R injury. Although, surgical detorsion is the mainstay management; blockade of the pathways involved in the pathogenesis may improve the surgical outcome. Experimental studies using various testicular I/R models have been reported in a bid to explore the mechanisms associated with testicular I/R and evaluate the benefits of potential therapeutic measures; however, most are limited by their shortcomings. Thus, this review was intended to describe the details of the available testicular I/R models as well as their merits and drawbacks, the pathophysiological basis and consequences of testicular I/R, and the pharmacological agents that have being proposed to confer testicular benefits against testicular I/R. This provides an understanding of the pathophysiological events and available models used in studying testicular I/R. In addition, this research provides evidence-based molecules with therapeutic potentials as well as their mechanisms of action in testicular I/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- R.E. Akhigbe
- Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - A.F. Odetayo
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
- Department of Physiology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - T.M. Akhigbe
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
- Breeding and Plant Genetics Unit, Department of Agronomy, Osun State University, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - M.A. Hamed
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
- The Brainwill Laboratory, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - P.J. Ashonibare
- Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
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Eurlings R, Killaars REM, Visschers RGJ, van Gemert WG. Testicular Vascularization after Pediatric Inguinal Hernia Repair: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:409. [PMID: 38671625 PMCID: PMC11049011 DOI: 10.3390/children11040409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of pediatric inguinal hernia repair (IHR) on testicular vascularization remains unclear. Manipulating the spermatic cord during surgery may reduce blood flow due to edema and vasoconstriction. This can lead to testicular atrophy. The study aims to review current knowledge of testicular vascular impairment following IHR in children. METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed/Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. Methodological quality was assessed using validated tools. Data were extracted, and a pooled data analysis was performed. RESULTS Ten studies were included in the systematic review. Six of these studies were eligible for meta-analysis. This revealed a significant decrease in testicular vascularization during the short-term follow-up (1 day-1 week) after IHR using the open surgical approach. This decrease was not present after laparoscopic intervention. There was no more increased resistance in the vessels at long-term follow-up (1 month-6 months), suggesting that the impaired vascularity is only temporary. CONCLUSIONS There seems to be a short-term transient vascular impairment of the testis after open IHR in children. This might be of clinical relevance to prefer the laparoscopic approach for IHR in children, even though the open approach is the gold standard, in contrast to adult IHR. The impact on testicular function and sperm quality later in life remains unclear. Comparative studies of both techniques are needed to determine if there is a significant difference in testicular vascularity. Long-term studies are necessary to assess the impact of transiently reduced vascularity on sperm quality and fertility later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxanne Eurlings
- Research Institute of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences (FHM), Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, MosaKids Children’s Hospital, Maastricht University Medical Center+, P. Debyelaan 25, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Rianne E. M. Killaars
- Research Institute of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences (FHM), Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, MosaKids Children’s Hospital, Maastricht University Medical Center+, P. Debyelaan 25, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ruben G. J. Visschers
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, MosaKids Children’s Hospital, Maastricht University Medical Center+, P. Debyelaan 25, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands
- European Consortium of Pediatric Surgery (Maastricht University Medical Center+, Uniklinik Aachen, Centre Hospitalier Chrétien Liège), P. Debyelaan 25, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Wim G. van Gemert
- Research Institute of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences (FHM), Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, MosaKids Children’s Hospital, Maastricht University Medical Center+, P. Debyelaan 25, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands
- European Consortium of Pediatric Surgery (Maastricht University Medical Center+, Uniklinik Aachen, Centre Hospitalier Chrétien Liège), P. Debyelaan 25, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Hu Z, Liu Q, Yan Z, Wang Q, Liu J. Protective effect of remote ischemic postconditioning in rat testes after testicular torsion/detorsion. Andrology 2022; 10:973-983. [PMID: 35398995 DOI: 10.1111/andr.13184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyang Hu
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine National‐Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology Department of Anesthesiology West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Quanhua Liu
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine National‐Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology Department of Anesthesiology West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Zhibing Yan
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine National‐Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology Department of Anesthesiology West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Qifeng Wang
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine National‐Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology Department of Anesthesiology West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
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Mansour M, Degheili J, Khalifeh I, Tamim H, Jaafar RF, El-Hout Y. Remote ischemic conditioning in a rat model of testicular torsion: does it offer testicular protection? J Pediatr Urol 2019; 15:43.e1-43.e7. [PMID: 30502312 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2018.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Testicular torsion is a surgical emergency mainly affecting adolescent boys, with a relatively high rate of missed torsion and testicular loss secondary to delay in prompt diagnosis and surgical intervention. With ischemic reperfusion injury as its underlying culprit, testicular torsion may respond favorably to remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) where a non-privileged site (e.g. limb) is concurrently rendered ischemic to divert the cascade of reperfusion injury from the privileged organ (e.g. testicle), thus offering a protective effect in improving salvage. This mechanism is established for other organs, whereas it has not been evaluated for testis. AIM It was aimed to evaluate RIC in a rat model of testicular torsion as a proof of principle that, similar to what has been demonstrated in other organs, RIC does offer testicular protection. STUDY DESIGN This is an animal experimental study. Thirty Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided into control group (n = 15) and experimental group (n = 15). Non-survival surgeries of right-sided spermatic cord torsion (720° counter-clockwise twist) were performed for both the groups (45 min) followed by detorsion and reperfusion (5 min) and then orchiectomy. For the experiment group, an intervention of tail clamping to create RIC was applied 5 min after torsion, then unclamping 5 min before detorsion, followed by detorsion and reperfusion for 5 min and then orchiectomy. The testicles were histologically and immunologically examined using a hypoxia inducible factor (HIF-1α) ELISA Kit. The histological findings on ischemic changes, vascular congestion, and immunohistochemistry were quantified using previously described, validated grading systems. RESULTS DISCUSSION: This is the first study to demonstrate the concept of RIC in an animal model of testicular torsion. It is limited by the non-availability of similar studies to compare outcomes and by the caution of extrapolating animal studies on humans. It does lay grounds, however, to subsequent studies to further elaborate on this concept and its clinical applicability. CONCLUSION When RIC is applied in the experimental setting of testicular torsion, there is less evidence of hypoxic injury by histology and immunohistochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mansour
- Division of Urology, Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | - I Khalifeh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - H Tamim
- Department of Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - R F Jaafar
- Department of Surgery at the American University of Beirut-Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Y El-Hout
- Division of Urology, Beirut, Lebanon.
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Protection from ischemia by preconditioning, postconditioning, and combined treatment in rabbit testicular ischemia reperfusion injury. Arch Biochem Biophys 2016; 608:1-7. [PMID: 27586089 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2016.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 08/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the protection of ischemic preconditioning (IPreC), ischemic postconditioning (IPostC) and combined treatment on ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) of testis. A rabbit testicular ischemia reperfusion (IR) model was established with determining of rabbit serum testosterone, nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl (PC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), myeloperoxidase (MPO), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and tissues pathology. After IR, the NO, MDA, PC, SOD, MPO, and GSH-Px expression significantly increased in torsive testis, and significantly decreased after IPreC, IPostC, and combined treatment in torsive testis when compared to contralateral testis. In torsive testis, testicular tissues was severely damaged with spermatogenic cells disappearing, and were filled with light eosin edema liquid. Cell apoptosis index significantly increased, and the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax significantly decreased. After IPreC, IPostC, and combined treatment, testicular tissues were restored to normal, cell apoptosis index significantly decreased, and the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax significantly increased. It indicates that IPreC, IPostC, and combined treatment has an obvious protective effect on testicular IRI, by decreasing the oxidative stress index and cell apoptosis, provides a significant reference for the treatment of testicular torsion induced infertility, and exhibits a great value in clinical applications.
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Damous LL, Silva SMD, Carbonel AAF, Simões MDJ, Baracat EC, Montero EFDS. Progressive Evaluation of Apoptosis, Proliferation, and Angiogenesis in Fresh Rat Ovarian Autografts Under Remote Ischemic Preconditioning. Reprod Sci 2015; 23:803-11. [PMID: 26674322 DOI: 10.1177/1933719115620493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the remote ischemic preconditioning (R-IPC) early and late repercussion on fresh ovarian transplants, aiming to assess a probable protective effect in ovarian follicular pool. Sixty Wistar EPM-1 rats were used, divided in 2 study groups: ovarian transplantation (Tx) and Tx + R-IPC, submitted to ovary transplant with or without R-IPC, respectively. These groups were subdivided according to the date for euthanasia: 4th, 7th, 14th, 21st, and 30th days of the postoperatory period. Morphology, morphometry, neoangiogenesis (vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF]), proliferative activity (Ki-67), and apoptosis (cleaved caspase-3) were evaluated. Remote ischemic preconditioning was performed in the common iliac artery. Fresh autologous ovarian tissue was implanted integrally in the retroperitoneum. All animals showed resumption of estrous phase after ovary transplantation. Remote ischemic preconditioning attenuated the lesions progressively from the 7th day, with greater number of the immature follicles (14 days, P < .05), but didn't affect mature follicles and corpora lutea (P > .05). Immunohistochemical analyzes, taken as a whole, show that R-IPC benefic effect is more evident in the later periods of evaluation, when a greater proliferative activity (14, 21, and 30 days, P < .05) and lesser cell apoptotic activity (21 and 30 days, P < .05). The VEGF expression was similar in all times (P > .05). Remote ischemic preconditioning could have a benefic effect in the progressive evaluation of freshly grafted ovarian, especially on the latest phases of the posttransplant period. The 14th day was a landmark in the recuperation of the graft. Further investigations are necessary to determine the role of R-IPC in this scenario and its effect in frozen-thawed ovarian tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Lamarão Damous
- Laboratory of Structural and Molecular Gynecology (LIM-58), Departamento de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, Brasil
| | | | | | - Manuel de Jesus Simões
- Departamento de Morfologia e Genética, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Edmund Chada Baracat
- Laboratory of Structural and Molecular Gynecology (LIM-58), Departamento de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Edna Frasson de Souza Montero
- Laboratory of Surgical Physiopatology (LIM-62), Departamento de Cirurgia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, Brasil
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Şener TE, Yüksel M, Özyılmaz-Yay N, Ercan F, Akbal C, Şimşek F, Şener G. Apocynin attenuates testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. J Pediatr Surg 2015; 50:1382-7. [PMID: 25783298 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2014.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Revised: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was designed to examine the possible protective effect of apocynin, a NADPH oxidase inhibitor, against torsion/detorsion (T/D) induced ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in testis. METHODS Male Wistar albino rats were divided into sham-operated control, and either vehicle, apocynin 20mg/kg- or apocynin 50mg/kg-treated T/D groups. In order to induce I/R injury, left testis was rotated 720° clockwise for 4 hours (torsion) and then allowed reperfusion (detorsion) for 4 hours. Left orchiectomy was done for the measurement of tissue malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) levels, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and luminol, lucigenin, nitric oxide (NO) and peroxynitrite chemiluminescences (CL). Testicular morphology was examined by light microscopy. RESULTS I/R caused significant increases in tissue luminol, lucigenin, nitric oxide and peroxynitrite CL demonstrating increased reactive oxygen and nitrogen metabolites. As a result of increased oxidative stress tissue MPO activity, MDA levels were increased and antioxidant GSH was decreased. On the other hand, apocynin treatment reversed all these biochemical indices, as well as histopathological alterations that were induced by I/R. According to data, although lower dose of apocynin tended to reverse the biochemical parameters, high dose of apocynin provides better protection since values were closer to the control levels. CONCLUSION Findings of the present study suggest that NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin by inhibiting free radical generation and increasing antioxidant defense exerts protective effects on testicular tissues against I/R. The protection with apocynin was more pronounced with high dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Emre Şener
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey.
| | - Meral Yüksel
- Vocational School of Health Related Professions, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Nagehan Özyılmaz-Yay
- Department of Histology & Embryology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Feriha Ercan
- Department of Histology & Embryology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Cem Akbal
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Ferruh Şimşek
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Göksel Şener
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey
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Adam ANI. Some mechanisms of the protective effect of ischemic preconditioning on rat liver ischemia-reperfusion injury. Int J Gen Med 2014; 7:483-9. [PMID: 25382983 PMCID: PMC4222984 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s66766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a multifactorial process that affects graft function after liver transplantation. An understanding of the mechanisms involved in I/R injury is essential for the design of therapeutic strategies to improve the outcome of liver transplantation. The generation of reactive oxygen species subsequent to reoxygenation inflicts tissue damage and initiates a cascade of deleterious cellular responses, leading to inflammation, cell death, and ultimate organ failure. Increasing experimental evidence has suggested that Kupffer cells and T-cells mediate activation of neutrophil inflammatory responses. Activated neutrophils infiltrate the injured liver in parallel with increased expression of adhesion molecules on endothelial cells. The heme oxygenase system is among the most critical of the cytoprotective mechanisms activated during cellular stress, exerting antioxidant and anti-inflammatory functions, modulating the cell cycle, and maintaining the microcirculation. Finally, the activation of toll-like receptors on Kupffer cells may play a fundamental role in exploring new therapeutic strategies based on the concept that hepatic I/R injury represents a case for host “innate” immunity. In the present study, there was a significant decrease in hepatic activity of glycogen in the I/R group as compared with corresponding values in the control group. On the other hand, there was a significant increase in the hepatic activity of glycogen in the I/R-IP (ischemic preconditioning) group as compared with corresponding values in the I/R group.
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Abstract
Testicular torsion is a urological emergency most commonly seen in adolescence, involving a decrease in blood flow in the testis resulting from torsion of the spermatic cord that can result in gonad injury or even loss if not treated in time. Testicular ischaemia-reperfusion injury represents the principle pathophysiology of testicular torsion, with ischaemia caused by twisting of the spermatic cord, and reperfusion on its subsequent release. Many cellular and molecular mechanisms are involved in ischaemia-reperfusion injury following testicular torsion. Studies have investigated the use of pharmacological agents as supportive therapy to surgical repair in order to prevent the adverse effects of testicular torsion. Numerous substances have been proposed as important in the prevention of post-ischaemia-reperfusion testicular injury. A range of chemicals and drugs has been successfully tested in animal models for the purpose of mitigating the dangerous effects of ischaemia-reperfusion in testis torsion.
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Gozen A, Demiryurek S, Taskin A, Ciralik H, Bilinc H, Kara S, Aydin A, Aksoy N, Ceylan H. Protective activity of ischemic preconditioning on rat testicular ischemia: effects of Y-27632 and 5-hydroxydecanoic acid. J Pediatr Surg 2013; 48:1565-72. [PMID: 23895973 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2012.10.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2012] [Revised: 09/30/2012] [Accepted: 10/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE The aim of this study was to investigate the role of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) on ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced injury of rat testis and determine the effects of 5-hydroxydecanoic acid (5-HD), a selective K(ATP) channel antagonist, and Y-27632, a selective Rho kinase inhibitor, on IPC. METHODS I/R injury was induced by 180 min ischemia and 60 min reperfusion of testis. There were 5 groups. Group 1 served as untreated controls. The rats in Group 2 were subjected to I/R only. In Group 3, 3 cycles of IPC (5 min transient ischemia plus 5 min reperfusion) were performed prior to I/R. In groups 4 and 5, the rats were treated as in Group 3 but received intraperitoneal injections of 0.3 mg/kg Y-27632 or 10 mg/kg 5-HD prior to IPC, respectively. RESULTS I/R led to severe histopathological lesions in the rat testis and significantly lowered the scoring. I/R resulted in significant elevation in tissue lipid peroxide levels, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and total antioxidative capacity (TAC), total oxidative status, and oxidative stress index levels. Protective effects of IPC on I/R-induced testicular injury of rats were observed with the significant recovery in these biochemical parameters. Y-27632 treatment led to a significant decrease in MPO activity, but there were no significant changes in the remaining parameters. Effects of IPC were blocked by 5-HD except in the TAC levels. CONCLUSION Our results showed that IPC protected rat testis against I/R-induced injury via activation of KATP channels. Additionally, Rho kinase inhibition preserved the effects of IPC in testis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Gozen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Gaziantep, Gaziantep, 27310, Turkey
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The Role of Preconditioning and N-Acetylcysteine on Oxidative Stress Resulting From Tourniquet-Induced Ischemia-Reperfusion in Arthroscopic Knee Surgery. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 70:717-23. [DOI: 10.1097/ta.0b013e3181f30fb0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Landiolol does not enhance the effect of ischemic preconditioning in isolated rat hearts. J Anesth 2010; 24:208-14. [DOI: 10.1007/s00540-009-0852-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2009] [Accepted: 09/28/2009] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Ischemic Preconditioning and Post-Conditioning to Decrease Testicular Torsion-Detorsion Injury. J Urol 2009; 182:1637-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2009.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Tamamura M, Saito M, Kinoshita Y, Shimizu S, Satoh I, Shomori K, Dimitriadis F, Satoh K. Protective effect of edaravone, a free-radical scavenger, on ischaemia-reperfusion injury in the rat testis. BJU Int 2009; 105:870-6. [PMID: 19694712 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-410x.2009.08798.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of edaravone, a radical scavenger, on ischaemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury in the testes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eight-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were allocated to one of four groups: a no-drug group subjected to induction of 30-min of ischaemia and 60-min reperfusion; two drug groups administered edaravone at 1 or 10 mg/kg intraperitoneal and then subjected to 30-min ischaemia and 60-min reperfusion; and a sham-operated control group administered edaravone at 10 mg/kg intraperitoneal. To induce testicular I-R, the right testis was exposed outside of the body and the testicular artery was clamped with a small clip for 30 min. Blood flow and nitric oxide (NO) release were monitored in real time simultaneously with a laser Doppler flowmeter and an NO-selective electrode, respectively. After death the tissue levels of NO(2)-NO(3) (a marker of NO production), malondialdehyde (a marker of lipid peroxidation), 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (a marker of oxidative DNA damage), myeloperoxidase (a marker of neutrophil infiltration), and heat-shock protein 70 (HSP 70) and its mRNA were measured. The testicular tissue was also analysed histologically. RESULTS Clamping the testicular artery resulted in a decrease of blood flow to 0-5% of the basal level measured before clamping. NO release was increased during clamping and gradually recovered to the basal level on removing the clip. Interestingly, the peak of NO release in rats of the no-drug group occurred at the start of reperfusion, while that in the high-dose drug group occurred several minutes later. The levels of NO(2)-NO(3), malondialdehyde, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, myeloperoxidase and HSP 70 and its mRNA, and histological variables, were significantly greater in the no-drug I-R group than in the control, and these variables were ameliorated by treatment with edaravone. CONCLUSION These results indicate that edaravone reduces the oxidative stress and prevents the testicular damage induced by I-R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayuko Tamamura
- Department of Pathophysiological and Therapeutic Science, Tottori University Yonago, Japan
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Magill P, Murphy T, Bouchier-Hayes DJ, Mulhall KJ. Preconditioning and its clinical potential. Ir J Med Sci 2009; 178:129-34. [DOI: 10.1007/s11845-009-0319-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2009] [Accepted: 03/03/2009] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Ellati RT, Kavoussi PK, Turner TT, Lysiak JJ. Twist and Shout: A Clinical and Experimental Review of Testicular Torsion. Korean J Urol 2009. [DOI: 10.4111/kju.2009.50.12.1159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Riyad T. Ellati
- Department of Urology, University of Virginia Health System, USA
| | | | - Terry T. Turner
- Department of Urology, University of Virginia Health System, USA
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