1
|
Rollins MG, Jha S, Bartom ET, Walsh D. RACK1 evolved species-specific multifunctionality in translational control through sequence plasticity within a loop domain. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:jcs.228908. [PMID: 31118235 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.228908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Receptor of activated protein C kinase 1 (RACK1) is a highly conserved eukaryotic protein that regulates several aspects of mRNA translation; yet, how it does so, remains poorly understood. Here we show that, although RACK1 consists largely of conserved β-propeller domains that mediate binding to several other proteins, a short interconnecting loop between two of these blades varies across species to control distinct RACK1 functions during translation. Mutants and chimeras revealed that the amino acid composition of the loop is optimized to regulate interactions with eIF6, a eukaryotic initiation factor that controls 60S biogenesis and 80S ribosome assembly. Separately, phylogenetics revealed that, despite broad sequence divergence of the loop, there is striking conservation of negatively charged residues amongst protists and dicot plants, which is reintroduced to mammalian RACK1 by poxviruses through phosphorylation. Although both charged and uncharged loop mutants affect eIF6 interactions, only a negatively charged plant - but not uncharged yeast or human loop - enhances translation of mRNAs with adenosine-rich 5' untranslated regions (UTRs). Our findings reveal how sequence plasticity within the RACK1 loop confers multifunctionality in translational control across species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madeline G Rollins
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Sujata Jha
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Elizabeth T Bartom
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Derek Walsh
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yin Z, Zhang X, Wang J, Yang L, Feng W, Chen C, Gao C, Zhang H, Zheng X, Wang P, Zhang Z. MoMip11, a MoRgs7-interacting protein, functions as a scaffolding protein to regulate cAMP signaling and pathogenicity in the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae. Environ Microbiol 2018; 20:3168-3185. [PMID: 29727050 PMCID: PMC6162116 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.14102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae has eight regulators of G-protein signaling (RGS) and RGS-like proteins (MoRgs1 to MoRgs8) that exhibit both distinct and shared regulatory functions in the growth, differentiation and pathogenicity of the fungus. We found MoRgs7 with a unique RGS-seven transmembrane (7-TM) domain motif is localized to the highly dynamic tubule-vesicular compartments during early appressorium differentiation followed by gradually degradation. To explore whether this involves an active signal perception of MoRgs7, we identified a Gbeta-like/RACK1 protein homolog in M. oryzae MoMip11 that interacts with MoRgs7. Interestingly, MoMip11 selectively interacted with several components of the cAMP regulatory pathway, including Gα MoMagA and the high-affinity phosphodiesterase MoPdeH. We further showed that MoMip11 promotes MoMagA activation and suppresses MoPdeH activity thereby upregulating intracellular cAMP levels. Moreover, MoMip11 is required for the response to multiple stresses, a role also shared by Gbeta-like/RACK1 adaptor proteins. In summary, we revealed a unique mechanism by which MoMip11 links MoRgs7 and G-proteins to reugulate cAMP signaling, stress responses and pathogenicity of M. oryzae. Our studies revealed the multitude of regulatory networks that govern growth, development and pathogenicity in this important causal agent of rice blast.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Yin
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiaofang Zhang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jingzhen Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Lina Yang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wanzhen Feng
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Chuyun Gao
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Haifeng Zhang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiaobo Zheng
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Departments of Pediatrics, and Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA
| | - Zhengguang Zhang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Han H, Wang D, Yang M, Wang S. High expression of RACK1 is associated with poor prognosis in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Oncol Lett 2017; 15:2073-2078. [PMID: 29434907 PMCID: PMC5777093 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Receptor for activated C kinase 1 (RACK1) is associated with certain aspects of cancer biology and signaling pathways, but its function in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains unknown. In the present study, 157 patients with PDAC were enrolled. RACK1 mRNA and protein expression levels were analyzed in PDAC tissues and matched adjacent noncancerous tissues by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. RACK1 expression levels in paraffin-embedded PDAC tissues were determined by immunohistochemistry. The associations between RACK1 expression and clinical data were evaluated using χ2 analysis. The relationship between RACK1 expression and the survival data of patients was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier and log rank tests. RACK1 mRNA and protein were revealed to be overexpressed in PDAC tumor tissues compared with adjacent noncancerous tissues. RACK1 expression was associated with clinical stage (P=0.001), lymph node invasion (P=0.003) and liver metastasis (P=0.001). Furthermore, patients with PDAC and high RACK1 expression demonstrated shorter overall survival times compared with patients with low RACK1 expression (P=0.002). Multivariate analysis indicated that RACK1 overexpression was an independent prognostic factor for patients with PDAC. Overexpression of RACK1 may contribute to tumor progression, and may be a potential prognostic biomarker for patients with PDAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hailin Han
- Department of Radiology, The Second People's Hospital of Liaocheng Affiliated to Taishan Medical College, Liaocheng, Shandong 252600, P.R. China
| | - Dongmei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second People's Hospital of Liaocheng Affiliated to Taishan Medical College, Liaocheng, Shandong 252600, P.R. China
| | - Maowu Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second People's Hospital of Liaocheng Affiliated to Taishan Medical College, Liaocheng, Shandong 252600, P.R. China
| | - Shenhao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kuburich NA, Adhikari N, Hadwiger JA. Acanthamoeba and Dictyostelium Use Different Foraging Strategies. Protist 2016; 167:511-525. [PMID: 27693864 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2016.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Amoeba often use cell movement as a mechanism to find food, such as bacteria, in their environment. The chemotactic movement of the soil amoeba Dictyostelium to folate or other pterin compounds released by bacteria is a well-documented foraging mechanism. Acanthamoeba can also feed on bacteria but relatively little is known about the mechanism(s) by which this amoeba locates bacteria. Acanthamoeba movement in the presence of folate or bacteria was analyzed in above agar assays and compared to that observed for Dictyostelium. The overall mobility of Acanthamoeba was robust like that of Dictyostelium but Acanthamoeba did not display a chemotactic response to folate. In the presence of bacteria, Acanthamoeba only showed a marginal bias in directed movement whereas Dictyostelium displayed a strong chemotactic response. A comparison of genomes revealed that Acanthamoeba and Dictyostelium share some similarities in G protein signaling components but that specific G proteins used in Dictyostelium chemotactic responses were not present in current Acanthamoeba genome sequence data. The results of this study suggest that Acanthamoeba does not use chemotaxis as the primary mechanism to find bacterial food sources and that the chemotactic responses of Dictyostelium to bacteria may have co-evolved with chemotactic responses that facilitate multicellular development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nick A Kuburich
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, 307 Life Sciences East, Stillwater, OK 74078-3020, USA
| | - Nirakar Adhikari
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, 307 Life Sciences East, Stillwater, OK 74078-3020, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Hadwiger
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, 307 Life Sciences East, Stillwater, OK 74078-3020, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Islas-Flores T, Rahman A, Ullah H, Villanueva MA. The Receptor for Activated C Kinase in Plant Signaling: Tale of a Promiscuous Little Molecule. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:1090. [PMID: 26697044 PMCID: PMC4672068 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.01090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Two decades after the first report of the plant homolog of the Receptor for Activated C Kinase 1 (RACK1) in cultured tobacco BY2 cells, a significant advancement has been made in the elucidation of its cellular and molecular role. The protein is now implicated in many biological functions including protein translation, multiple hormonal responses, developmental processes, pathogen infection resistance, environmental stress responses, and miRNA production. Such multiple functional roles are consistent with the scaffolding nature of the plant RACK1 protein. A significant advance was achieved when the β-propeller structure of the Arabidopsis RACK1A isoform was elucidated, thus revealing that its conserved seven WD repeats also assembled into this typical topology. From its crystal structure, it became apparent that it shares the structural platform for the interaction with ligands identified in other systems such as mammals. Although RACK1 proteins maintain conserved Protein Kinase C binding sites, the lack of a bona fide PKC adds complexity and enigma to the nature of the ligand partners with which RACK1 interacts in plants. Nevertheless, ligands recently identified using the split-ubiquitin based and conventional yeast two-hybrid assays, have revealed that plant RACK1 is involved in several processes that include defense response, drought and salt stress, ribosomal function, cell wall biogenesis, and photosynthesis. The information acquired indicates that, in spite of the high degree of conservation of its structure, the functions of the plant RACK1 homolog appear to be distinct and diverse from those in yeast, mammals, insects, etc. In this review, we take a critical look at the novel information regarding the many functions in which plant RACK1 has been reported to participate, with a special emphasis on the information on its currently identified and missing ligand partners.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tania Islas-Flores
- Unidad Académica de Sistemas Arrecifales, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoPuerto Morelos, México
| | | | - Hemayet Ullah
- Department of Biology, Howard UniversityWashington, DC, USA
| | - Marco A. Villanueva
- Unidad Académica de Sistemas Arrecifales, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoPuerto Morelos, México
- *Correspondence: Marco A. Villanueva
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
González-Calixto C, Cázares-Raga FE, Cortés-Martínez L, Del Angel RM, Medina-Ramírez F, Mosso C, Ocádiz-Ruiz R, Valenzuela JG, Rodríguez MH, Hernández-Hernández FDLC. AealRACK1 expression and localization in response to stress in C6/36 HT mosquito cells. J Proteomics 2014; 119:45-60. [PMID: 25555378 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2014.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2014] [Revised: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The Receptor for Activated C Kinase 1 (RACK1), a scaffold protein member of the tryptophan-aspartate (WD) repeat family, folds in a seven-bladed β-propeller structure that permits the association of proteins to form active complexes. Mosquitoes of the genus Aedes sp., are vectors of virus producing important diseases such as: dengue, chikungunya and yellow fever. Based on the highly conserved gene sequence of AeaeRACK1 of the mosquito Aedes aegypti we characterized the mRNA and protein of the homologous AealRACK1 from the Ae. albopictus-derived cell line C6/36 HT. Two protein species differing in MW/pI values were observed at 35kDa/8.0 and 36kDa/6.5. The behavior of AealRACK1 was studied inducing stress with serum deprivation and the glucocorticoid dexamethasone. Both stressors induced increase of the expression of AealRACK1 mRNA and proteins. In serum-deprived cells AealRACK1 protein was located cortically near the plasma membrane in contrast to dexamethasone-treated cells where the protein formed a dotted pattern in the cytoplasm. In addition, 33 protein partners were identified by immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry. Most of the identified proteins were ribosomal, involved in signaling pathways and stress responses. Our results suggest that AealRACK1 in C6/36 HT cells respond to stress increasing its synthesis and producing phosphorylated activated form. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE Insect cells adapt to numerous environmental stressors, including chemicals and invasion of pathogenic microorganisms among others, coordinating cellular and organismal responses. Individual cells sense the environment using receptors that trigger signaling pathways that regulate expression of specific effector proteins and/or cellular responses as movement or secretion. In the coordination of responses to stress, scaffold proteins are pivotal molecules that recruit other proteins forming active complexes. The Receptor for Activated C Kinase 1 (RACK1) is the best studied member of the conserved tryptophan-aspartate (WD) repeat family. RACK1 folds in a seven-bladed β-propeller structure and it could be activated during stress, participating in different signaling pathways. The presence and activities of RACK1 in mosquitoes had not been documented before, in this work the molecule is demonstrated in an Aedes albopictus-derived cell line and its reaction to stress is observed under the effect of serum deprivation and the presence of glucocorticoid analog dexamethasone, a chemical used to cause stress in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia González-Calixto
- Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional # 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, 07360 México D.F., Mexico
| | - Febe E Cázares-Raga
- Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional # 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, 07360 México D.F., Mexico
| | - Leticia Cortés-Martínez
- Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional # 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, 07360 México D.F., Mexico
| | - Rosa María Del Angel
- Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional # 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, 07360 México D.F., Mexico
| | - Fernando Medina-Ramírez
- Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional # 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, 07360 México D.F., Mexico
| | - Clemente Mosso
- Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional # 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, 07360 México D.F., Mexico
| | - Ramón Ocádiz-Ruiz
- Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional # 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, 07360 México D.F., Mexico
| | - Jesús G Valenzuela
- Vector Molecular Biology Section, Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
| | - Mario Henry Rodríguez
- Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad 655, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Fidel de la Cruz Hernández-Hernández
- Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional # 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, 07360 México D.F., Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|