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Sato Y, Vatsan R, Joshi BH, Husain SR, Puri RK. A Novel Recombinant Modified Vaccinia Ankara Virus expressing Interleukin-13 Receptor α2 Antigen for Potential Cancer Immunotherapy. Curr Mol Med 2024; 24:758-770. [PMID: 36999709 DOI: 10.2174/1566524023666230331085007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetically altered recombinant poxviruses hold great therapeutic promise in animal models of cancer. Poxviruses can induce effective cellmediated immune responses against tumor-associated antigens. Preventive and therapeutic vaccination with a DNA vaccine expressing IL-13Rα2 can mediate partial regression of established tumors in vivo, indicating that host immune responses against IL-13Rα2 need further augmentation. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study is developing a recombinant modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) expressing IL-13Rα2 (rMVA-IL13Rα2) virus and study in vitro infectivity and efficacy against IL-13Rα2 positive cell lines. METHODS We constructed a recombinant MVA expressing IL-13Rα2 and a green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter gene. Purified virus titration by infection of target cells and immunostaining using anti-vaccinia and anti-IL-13Rα2 antibodies was used to confirm the identity and purity of the rMVA-IL13Rα2. RESULTS Western Blot analysis confirmed the presence of IL-13Rα2 protein (~52 kDa). Flow cytometric analysis of IL-13Rα2 negative T98G glioma cells when infected with rMVA-IL13Rα2 virus demonstrated cell-surface expression of IL-13Rα2, indicating the infectivity of the recombinant virus. Incubation of T98G-IL13Rα2 cells with varying concentrations (0.1-100 ng/ml) of interleukin-13 fused to truncated Pseudomonas exotoxin (IL13-PE) resulted in depletion of GFP+ fluorescence in T98G-IL13Rα2 cells. IL13-PE (10-1000 ng/ml) at higher concentrations also inhibited the protein synthesis in T98G-IL13Rα2 cells compared to cells infected with the control pLW44-MVA virus. IL13- PE treatment of rMVA-IL13Rα2 infected chicken embryonic fibroblast and DF-1 cell line reduced virus titer compared to untreated cells. CONCLUSION rMVA-IL13Rα2 virus can successfully infect mammalian cells to express IL-13Rα2 in a biologically active form on the surface of infected cells. To evaluate the efficacy of rMVA-IL13Rα2, immunization studies are planned in murine tumor models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Sato
- Tumor Vaccines and Biotechnology Branch, Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, 20993, USA
- Department of Research Promotion, Division of Cancer Research, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, 1-7-1, Otemachi, Chiyoda, Tokyo 100- 0004, Japan
| | - Ramjay Vatsan
- Gene Therapy Branch, Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, 20993, USA
| | - Bharat H Joshi
- Tumor Vaccines and Biotechnology Branch, Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, 20993, USA
| | - Syed R Husain
- Tumor Vaccines and Biotechnology Branch, Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, 20993, USA
- Iovance Biotherapeutics, 825 Industrial Road, Suite 400, San Carlos, CA, California, 94070, USA
| | - Raj K Puri
- Tumor Vaccines and Biotechnology Branch, Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, 20993, USA
- Iovance Biotherapeutics, 825 Industrial Road, Suite 400, San Carlos, CA, California, 94070, USA
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Jaén M, Martín-Regalado Á, Bartolomé RA, Robles J, Casal JI. Interleukin 13 receptor alpha 2 (IL13Rα2): Expression, signaling pathways and therapeutic applications in cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188802. [PMID: 36152905 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin 13 receptor alpha 2 (IL13Rα2) is increasingly recognized as a relevant player in cancer invasion and metastasis. Despite being initially considered a decoy receptor for dampening the levels of interleukin 13 (IL-13) in diverse inflammatory conditions, accumulating evidences in the last decades indicate the capacity of IL13Rα2 for mediating IL-13 signaling in cancer cells. The biological reasons behind the expression of this receptor with such extremely high affinity for IL-13 in cancer cells remain unclear. Elevated expression of IL13Rα2 is commonly associated with invasion, late stage and cancer metastasis that results in poor prognosis for glioblastoma, colorectal or breast cancer, among others. The discovery of new mediators and effectors of IL13Rα2 signaling has been critical for deciphering its underlying molecular mechanisms in cancer progression. Still, many questions about the effects of inflammation, the cancer type and the tumor degree in the expression of IL13Rα2 remain largely uncharacterized. Here, we review and discuss the current status of the IL13Rα2 biology in cancer, with particular emphasis in the role of inflammation-driven expression and the regulation of different signaling pathways. As IL13Rα2 implications in cancer continue to grow exponentially, we highlight new targeted therapies recently developed for glioblastoma, colorectal cancer and other IL13Rα2-positive tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Jaén
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángela Martín-Regalado
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rubén A Bartolomé
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Robles
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Protein Alternatives SL, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Ignacio Casal
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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Knudson KM, Hwang S, McCann MS, Joshi BH, Husain SR, Puri RK. Recent Advances in IL-13Rα2-Directed Cancer Immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:878365. [PMID: 35464460 PMCID: PMC9023787 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.878365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-13 receptor subunit alpha-2 (IL-13Rα2, CD213A), a high-affinity membrane receptor of the anti-inflammatory Th2 cytokine IL-13, is overexpressed in a variety of solid tumors and is correlated with poor prognosis in glioblastoma, colorectal cancer, adrenocortical carcinoma, pancreatic cancer, and breast cancer. While initially hypothesized as a decoy receptor for IL-13-mediated signaling, recent evidence demonstrates IL-13 can signal through IL-13Rα2 in human cells. In addition, expression of IL-13Rα2 and IL-13Rα2-mediated signaling has been shown to promote tumor proliferation, cell survival, tumor progression, invasion, and metastasis. Given its differential expression in tumor versus normal tissue, IL-13Rα2 is an attractive immunotherapy target, as both a targetable receptor and an immunogenic antigen. Multiple promising strategies, including immunotoxins, cancer vaccines, and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, have been developed to target IL-13Rα2. In this mini-review, we discuss recent developments surrounding IL-13Rα2-targeted therapies in pre-clinical and clinical study, including potential strategies to improve IL-13Rα2-directed cancer treatment efficacy.
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Roberto Raúl SG, Damaris IA, Ángel de Jesús JC, Leticia MF. Cry1Ac Protoxin Confers Antitumor Adjuvant Effect in a Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Mouse Model by Improving Tumor Immunity. BREAST CANCER: BASIC AND CLINICAL RESEARCH 2022; 16:11782234211065154. [PMID: 35002244 PMCID: PMC8738886 DOI: 10.1177/11782234211065154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The Cry1Ac protoxin from Bacillus thuringiensis is a systemic
and mucosal adjuvant, able to confer protective immunity in different infection
murine models and induce both Th1 and TCD8+ cytotoxic lymphocyte responses,
which are required to induce antitumor immunity. The Cry1Ac toxin, despite
having not being characterized as an adjuvant, has also proved to be immunogenic
and able to activate macrophages. Here, we investigated the potential antitumor
adjuvant effect conferred by the Cry1Ac protoxin and Cry1Ac toxin in a triple
negative breast cancer (TNBC) murine model. First, we evaluated the ability of
Cry1Ac proteins to improve dendritic cell (DC) activation and cellular response
through intraperitoneal (i.p.) coadministration with the 4T1 cellular lysate.
Mice coadministered with the Cry1Ac protoxin showed an increase in the number
and activation of CD11c+MHCII- and CD11c+MHCII+low in the peritoneal
cavity and an increase in DC activation (CD11c+MHCII+) in the spleen. Cry1Ac
protoxin increased the proliferation of TCD4+ and TCD8+ lymphocytes in the
spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN), while the Cry1Ac toxin only increased
the proliferation of TCD4+ and TCD8+ in the MLN. Remarkably, when tested in the
in vivo TNBC mouse model, prophylactic immunizations with 4T1 lysates plus the
Cry1Ac protoxin protected mice from developing tumors. The antitumor effect
conferred by the Cry1Ac protoxin also increased specific cytotoxic T cell
responses, and prevented the typical tumor-related decrease of T cells
(TCD3+ and TCD4+) as well the increase of myeloid-derived suppressor cells
(MDSC) in spleen. Also in the tumor microenvironment of mice coadministered
twice with Cry1Ac protoxin immunological improvements were found such as
reductions in immunosupressive populations (T regulatory lymphocytes and MDSC)
along with increases in macrophages upregulating CD86. These results show a
differential antitumor adjuvant capability of Cry1Ac proteins, highlighting the
ability of Cry1Ac protoxin to enhance local and systemic tumor immunity in TNBC.
Finally, using a therapeutic approach, we evaluated the coadministration of
Cry1Ac protoxin with doxorubicin. A significant reduction in tumor volume and
lung metastasis was found, with increased intratumoral levels of tumor necrosis
factor-α and IL-6 with respect to the vehicle group, further supporting its
antitumor applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Servin-Garrido Roberto Raúl
- Laboratorio de Inmunidad en Mucosas, Unidad de Investigación en Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida de los Barrios 1 Los Reyes Iztacala CP 54090, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México, México
| | - Ilhuicatzi-Alvarado Damaris
- Laboratorio de Inmunidad en Mucosas, Unidad de Investigación en Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida de los Barrios 1 Los Reyes Iztacala CP 54090, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México, México
| | - Jiménez-Chávez Ángel de Jesús
- Laboratorio de Inmunidad en Mucosas, Unidad de Investigación en Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida de los Barrios 1 Los Reyes Iztacala CP 54090, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México, México
| | - Moreno-Fierros Leticia
- Laboratorio de Inmunidad en Mucosas, Unidad de Investigación en Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida de los Barrios 1 Los Reyes Iztacala CP 54090, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México, México
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Wang S, Xu X. An Immune-Related Gene Pairs Signature for Predicting Survival in Glioblastoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:564960. [PMID: 33859933 PMCID: PMC8042321 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.564960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the frequently occurring and most aggressive form of brain tumors. In the study, we constructed an immune-related gene pairs (IRGPs) signature to predict overall survival (OS) in patients with GBM. Methods: We established IRGPs with immune-related gene (IRG) matrix from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database (Training cohort). After screened by the univariate regression analysis and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis, IRGPs were subjected to the multivariable Cox regression to develop an IRGP signature. Then, the predicting accuracy of the signature was assessed with the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and validated the result using the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) database (Validation cohorts 1 and 2). Results: A 10-IRGP signature was established for predicting the OS of patients with GBM. The AUC for predicting 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS in Training cohort was 0.801, 0.901, and 0.964, respectively, in line with the AUC of Validation cohorts 1 and 2 [Validation cohort 1 (1 year: 0.763; 3 years: 0.786; and 5 years: 0.884); Validation cohort 2 (1 year: 0.745; 3 years: 0.989; and 5 years: 0.987)]. Moreover, survival analysis in three cohorts suggested that patients with low-risk GBM had better clinical outcomes than patients with high-risk GBM. The univariate and multivariable Cox regression demonstrated that the IRGPs signature was an independent prognostic factor. Conclusions: We developed a novel IRGPs signature for predicting OS in patients with GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Wang
- Zhejiang Jinhua Guangfu Hospital, Jinhua, China
| | - Xia Xu
- Department of General Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Khodamoradi E, Hoseini-Ghahfarokhi M, Amini P, Motevaseli E, Shabeeb D, Musa AE, Najafi M, Farhood B. Targets for protection and mitigation of radiation injury. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:3129-3159. [PMID: 32072238 PMCID: PMC11104832 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03479-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Protection of normal tissues against toxic effects of ionizing radiation is a critical issue in clinical and environmental radiobiology. Investigations in recent decades have suggested potential targets that are involved in the protection against radiation-induced damages to normal tissues and can be proposed for mitigation of radiation injury. Emerging evidences have been shown to be in contrast to an old dogma in radiation biology; a major amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and cell toxicity occur during some hours to years after exposure to ionizing radiation. This can be attributed to upregulation of inflammatory and fibrosis mediators, epigenetic changes and disruption of the normal metabolism of oxygen. In the current review, we explain the cellular and molecular changes following exposure of normal tissues to ionizing radiation. Furthermore, we review potential targets that can be proposed for protection and mitigation of radiation toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Khodamoradi
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Hoseini-Ghahfarokhi
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Peyman Amini
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Motevaseli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Dheyauldeen Shabeeb
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Misan, Misan, Iraq
- Misan Radiotherapy Center, Misan, Iraq
| | - Ahmed Eleojo Musa
- Department of Medical Physics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (International Campus), Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Najafi
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Bagher Farhood
- Department of Medical Physics and Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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7
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Shi J, Hou S, Huang J, Wang S, Huan W, Huang C, Liu X, Jiang R, Qian W, Lu J, Wang X, Shi W, Huang R, Chen J. An MSN-PEG-IP drug delivery system and IL13Rα2 as targeted therapy for glioma. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:8970-8981. [PMID: 28443896 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr08786h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A combination of gene therapy and chemotherapy has recently received interest as a targeted therapy for glioma. A mesoporous silica nanoparticle (MSN)-based vehicle coated with IL13Rα2-targeted peptide (IP) using polyethylene glycol (PEG), MSN-PEG-IP (MPI), was constructed and confirmed as a potential glioma-targeted drug delivery system in vitro. In this work, tissue microarray (TMA) results revealed that IL13Rα2 was over-expressed in human glioma tissues and that high expression of IL13Rα2 in patients was associated with poor survival. Doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded MPI (MPI/D) crossed the blood-brain barrier, specifically targeting glioma cells and significantly enhancing the cellular uptake of DOX in glioma cells compared with MSN/DOX (M/D) and MSN-PEG/DOX (MP/D), whereas the normal brain was not affected. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) examinations showed that the tumour size of glioma-bearing rats in the MPI/D-treated group was much smaller than those in the M/D and MP/D treated groups. Immunofluorescence results demonstrated that MPI/D treatment induced more apoptosis and much less proliferation than the other two treatments. However, the therapeutic effect was weak when IL13Rα2 was knocked down. Furthermore, U87 cells treated with IL-13 and MPI together could increase both STAT6 and P63 expression, which attenuated glioma cell proliferation, invasion and migration compared with cells treated with IL-13 alone. The results of the subcutaneous tumour model also revealed that IL13Rα2 knockdown could hinder cell proliferation and induce more apoptosis. The promising results suggested that MPI can not only deliver DOX to glioma in a targeted manner but also occupy IL13Rα2, which can promote IL-13 binding to IL13Rα1 and activation of the JAK-STAT pathway to induce an anti-glioma effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlong Shi
- Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Centre of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China.
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Tiptiri-Kourpeti A, Spyridopoulou K, Pappa A, Chlichlia K. DNA vaccines to attack cancer: Strategies for improving immunogenicity and efficacy. Pharmacol Ther 2016; 165:32-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Okubo M, Kioi M, Nakashima H, Sugiura K, Mitsudo K, Aoki I, Taniguchi H, Tohnai I. M2-polarized macrophages contribute to neovasculogenesis, leading to relapse of oral cancer following radiation. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27548. [PMID: 27271009 PMCID: PMC4897643 DOI: 10.1038/srep27548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the fact that radiation is one of the standard therapies in the treatment of patients with oral cancer, tumours can recur even in the early stages of the disease, negatively impacting prognosis and quality of life. We previously found that CD11b+ bone marrow-derived cells (BMDCs) were recruited into human glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), leading to re-organization of the vasculature and tumour regrowth. However, it is not yet known how these cells contribute to tumour vascularization. In the present study, we investigated the role of infiltrating CD11b+ myeloid cells in the vascularization and recurrence of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). In a xenograft mouse model, local irradiation caused vascular damage and hypoxia in the tumour and increased infiltration of CD11b+ myeloid cells. These infiltrating cells showed characteristics of M2 macrophages (M2Mφs) and are associated with the promotion of vascularization. M2Mφs promoted tumour progression in recurrence after irradiation compared to non-irradiated tumours. In addition, we found that CD11b+ myeloid cells, as well as CD206+ M2Mφs, are increased during recurrence after radiotherapy in human OSCC specimens. Our findings may lead to the development of potential clinical biomarkers or treatment targets in irradiated OSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makiko Okubo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Mitomu Kioi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Nakashima
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Kei Sugiura
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Kenji Mitsudo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Ichiro Aoki
- Department of Pathology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Hideki Taniguchi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Iwai Tohnai
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
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Suzuki A, Leland P, Joshi BH, Puri RK. Targeting of IL-4 and IL-13 receptors for cancer therapy. Cytokine 2015; 75:79-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2015.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Revised: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Sadri-Ardalani F, Shabani M, Amiri MM, Bahadori M, Emami S, Sarrafzadeh AR, Noutash-Haghighat F, Jeddi-Tehrani M, Shokri F. Antibody response to HER2 extracellular domain and subdomains in mouse following DNA immunization. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:1217-27. [PMID: 26282003 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3897-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is overexpressed in 15-20 % of breast cancer patients and is an appropriate target for immunotherapy in these patients. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) specific to HER2 are currently applied to treat breast cancer patients with HER2 overexpression. Active immunization with HER2 DNA or protein has been considered as a suitable alternative. The aim of this study is to evaluate anti-HER2 antibody response in serum of mice immunized with DNA constructs containing full extracellular domain (fECD) or subdomains of human HER2. Four extracellular subdomains and also fECD of HER2 were cloned into pCMV6-Neo vector. Different groups of Balb/C mice were immunized with HER2 DNA constructs and boosted with HER2 recombinant protein. The anti-HER2 antibody was subsequently determined by ELISA, flow cytometry, and immunohistochemistry. Anti-HER2 antibody was detected only in serum of mice immunized with fECD DNA. None of HER2 extracellular subdomains induced appreciable levels of anti-HER2 antibody. However, boosting with fECD or extracellular subdomain III (DIII) recombinant protein resulted in enhanced anti-HER2 fECD as well as anti-HER2 subdomain antibody responses. In this regard, almost all (99 %) of HER2-overexpressing BT474 cells could be detected by serum antibody from mice immunized with HER2 subdomain DNA and boosted with recombinant HER2 protein by flow cytometry. Similarly, serum of mice immunized with DIII DNA construct and boosted with recombinant DIII protein could also recognize these cells, but to a lesser extent (50 %). Our findings suggest that combination of HER2 DNA and protein immunization could effectively induce anti-HER2 antibody response in Balb/C mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fateme Sadri-Ardalani
- Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Shabani
- Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Amiri
- Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Motahareh Bahadori
- Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shaghayegh Emami
- Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Mahmood Jeddi-Tehrani
- Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fazel Shokri
- Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Hall B, Nakashima H, Sun ZJ, Sato Y, Bian Y, Husain SR, Puri RK, Kulkarni AB. Targeting of interleukin-13 receptor α2 for treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma induced by conditional deletion of TGF-β and PTEN signaling. J Transl Med 2013; 11:45. [PMID: 23421960 PMCID: PMC3598213 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-11-45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2012] [Accepted: 02/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The sixth leading class of cancer worldwide is head and neck cancer, which typically arise within the squamous epithelium of the oral mucosa. Human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is known to be difficult to treat and has only a 50% five-year survival rate. With HNSCC, novel therapeutics are needed along with a means of rapidly screening anti-cancer agents in vivo, such as mouse models. Methods In order to develop new animal models of cancer to test safety and efficacy of novel therapeutic agents for human HNSCC, tumors resembling clinical cases of human HNSCC were induced in the head and neck epithelium of a genetically engineered mouse model. This mouse model was generated by conditional deletion of two tumor suppressors, Transforming Growth Factor-β Receptor 1 (TGFβRI) and Phosphatase and Tensin homolog (PTEN), in the oral epithelium. We discovered that the tumors derived from these Tgfbr1/Pten double conditional knockout (2cKO) mice over-expressed IL-13Rα2, a high affinity receptor for IL-13 that can function as a tumor antigen. To demonstrate a proof-of-concept that targeted therapy against IL-13Rα2 expression would have any antitumor efficacy in this spontaneous tumor model, these mice were treated systemically with IL-13-PE, a recombinant immunotoxin consisting of IL-13 fused to the Pseudomonas exotoxin A. Results Tgfbr1/Pten 2cKO mice when treated with IL-13-PE displayed significantly increased survival when compared to the untreated control mice. The untreated mice exhibited weight loss, particularly with the rapid onset of tongue tumors, but the treated mice gained weight while on IL-13-PE therapy and showed no clinical signs of toxicity due to the immunotoxin. Expression of IL-13Rα2 in tumors was significantly decreased with IL-13-PE treatment as compared to the controls and the number of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) was also significantly reduced in the spleens of the IL-13-PE treated mice. Conclusions Our study demonstrates that the Tgfbr1/Pten 2cKO mouse model of human HNSCC is a useful model for assessing antitumor activity of new cancer therapeutic agents, and that IL-13-PE has therapeutic potential to treat human head and neck cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradford Hall
- Functional Genomics Section, Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, 30 Convent Drive, Building 30, Room 130, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Fujisawa T, Rubin B, Suzuki A, Patel PS, Gahl WA, Joshi BH, Puri RK. Cysteamine suppresses invasion, metastasis and prolongs survival by inhibiting matrix metalloproteinases in a mouse model of human pancreatic cancer. PLoS One 2012; 7:e34437. [PMID: 22532830 PMCID: PMC3332081 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0034437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2011] [Accepted: 03/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cysteamine, an anti-oxidant aminothiol, is the treatment of choice for nephropathic cystinosis, a rare lysosomal storage disease. Cysteamine is a chemo-sensitization and radioprotection agent and its antitumor effects have been investigated in various tumor cell lines and chemical induced carcinogenesis. Here, we investigated whether cysteamine has anti-tumor and anti-metastatic effects in transplantable human pancreatic cancer, an aggressive metastatic disease. Methodology/Principal Findings Cysteamine's anti-invasion effects were studied by matrigel invasion and cell migration assays in 10 pancreatic cancer cell lines. To study mechanism of action, we examined cell viability and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) activity in the cysteamine-treated cells. We also examined cysteamine's anti-metastasis effect in two orthotopic murine models of human pancreatic cancer by measuring peritoneal metastasis and survival of animals. Cysteamine inhibited both migration and invasion of all ten pancreatic cancer cell lines at concentrations (<25 mM) that caused no toxicity to cells. It significantly decreased MMPs activity (IC50 38–460 µM) and zymographic gelatinase activity in a dose dependent manner in vitro and in vivo; while mRNA and protein levels of MMP-9, MMP-12 and MMP-14 were slightly increased using the highest cysteamine concentration. In vivo, cysteamine significantly decreased metastasis in two established pancreatic tumor models, although it did not affect the size of primary tumors. Additionally, cysteamine prolonged survival of mice in a dose-dependent manner without causing any toxicity. Similar to the in vitro results, MMP activity was significantly decreased in animal tumors treated with cysteamine. Cysteamine had no clinical or preclinical adverse effects in the host even at the highest dose. Conclusions/Significance Our results suggest that cysteamine, an agent with a proven safety profile, may be useful for inhibition of metastasis and prolonging the survival of a host with pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshio Fujisawa
- Tumor Vaccines and Biotechnology Branch, Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Benjamin Rubin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Suburban Hospital, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Akiko Suzuki
- Tumor Vaccines and Biotechnology Branch, Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Prabhudas S. Patel
- Tumor Vaccines and Biotechnology Branch, Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - William A. Gahl
- Section on Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Bharat H. Joshi
- Tumor Vaccines and Biotechnology Branch, Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Raj K. Puri
- Tumor Vaccines and Biotechnology Branch, Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Nakashima H, Husain SR, Puri RK. IL-13 receptor-directed cancer vaccines and immunotherapy. Immunotherapy 2012; 4:443-51. [DOI: 10.2217/imt.12.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Many immunotherapy approaches including therapeutic cancer vaccines targeting specific tumor-associated antigens are at various stages of development. Although the significance of overexpression of (IL-13Rα2) in cancer is being actively investigated, we have reported that IL-13Rα2 is a novel tumor-associated antigen. The IL-13Rα2-directed cancer vaccine is one of the most promising approaches to tumor immunotherapy, because of the selective expression of IL-13Rα2 in various solid tumor types but not in normal tissues. In this article, we will summarize its present status and potential strategies to improve IL-13Rα2-directed cancer vaccines for an optimal therapy of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideyuki Nakashima
- Tumor Vaccines & Biotechnology Branch, Division of Cellular & Gene Therapies, Food & Drug Administration, Center for Biologics Evaluation & Research, NIH Building 29B, Room 2NN20, 29 Lincoln Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Syed R Husain
- Tumor Vaccines & Biotechnology Branch, Division of Cellular & Gene Therapies, Food & Drug Administration, Center for Biologics Evaluation & Research, NIH Building 29B, Room 2NN20, 29 Lincoln Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Raj K Puri
- Tumor Vaccines & Biotechnology Branch, Division of Cellular & Gene Therapies, Food & Drug Administration, Center for Biologics Evaluation & Research, NIH Building 29B, Room 2NN20, 29 Lincoln Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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15
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Nakashima H, Terabe M, Berzofsky JA, Husain SR, Puri RK. A novel combination immunotherapy for cancer by IL-13Rα2-targeted DNA vaccine and immunotoxin in murine tumor models. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2011; 187:4935-46. [PMID: 22013118 PMCID: PMC3730529 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1102095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Optimum efficacy of therapeutic cancer vaccines may require combinations that generate effective antitumor immune responses, as well as overcome immune evasion and tolerance mechanisms mediated by progressing tumor. Previous studies showed that IL-13Rα2, a unique tumor-associated Ag, is a promising target for cancer immunotherapy. A targeted cytotoxin composed of IL-13 and mutated Pseudomonas exotoxin induced specific killing of IL-13Rα2(+) tumor cells. When combined with IL-13Rα2 DNA cancer vaccine, surprisingly, it mediated synergistic antitumor effects on tumor growth and metastasis in established murine breast carcinoma and sarcoma tumor models. The mechanism of synergistic activity involved direct killing of tumor cells and cell-mediated immune responses, as well as elimination of myeloid-derived suppressor cells and, consequently, regulatory T cells. These novel results provide a strong rationale for combining immunotoxins with cancer vaccines for the treatment of patients with advanced cancer.
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MESH Headings
- ADP Ribose Transferases/genetics
- ADP Ribose Transferases/immunology
- ADP Ribose Transferases/therapeutic use
- Animals
- Bacterial Toxins/genetics
- Bacterial Toxins/immunology
- Bacterial Toxins/therapeutic use
- Cancer Vaccines/genetics
- Cancer Vaccines/immunology
- Cancer Vaccines/therapeutic use
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Drug Synergism
- Drug Therapy, Combination
- Exotoxins/genetics
- Exotoxins/immunology
- Exotoxins/therapeutic use
- Female
- Gene Targeting/methods
- Immunotherapy/methods
- Interleukin-13 Receptor alpha2 Subunit/biosynthesis
- Interleukin-13 Receptor alpha2 Subunit/genetics
- Interleukin-13 Receptor alpha2 Subunit/therapeutic use
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/immunology
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/therapy
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Sarcoma, Experimental/genetics
- Sarcoma, Experimental/immunology
- Sarcoma, Experimental/therapy
- Vaccines, DNA/immunology
- Vaccines, DNA/therapeutic use
- Virulence Factors/genetics
- Virulence Factors/immunology
- Virulence Factors/therapeutic use
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa Exotoxin A
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideyuki Nakashima
- Tumor Vaccines and Biotechnology Branch, Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Masaki Terabe
- Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Jay A. Berzofsky
- Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Syed R. Husain
- Tumor Vaccines and Biotechnology Branch, Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Raj K. Puri
- Tumor Vaccines and Biotechnology Branch, Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD 20892
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16
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Fujisawa T, Joshi BH, Puri RK. IL-13 regulates cancer invasion and metastasis through IL-13Rα2 via ERK/AP-1 pathway in mouse model of human ovarian cancer. Int J Cancer 2011; 131:344-56. [PMID: 21858811 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.26366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2011] [Accepted: 07/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we have demonstrated that a variety of human cancers including the ovarian cancer express IL-13Rα2, a high affinity receptor for IL-13. Herein, we have examined if IL-13 regulates invasion and metastasis of ovarian cancer through IL-13Rα2 in vitro and in vivo in animal models of human ovarian cancer. We tested cell invasion and protease activity in IL-13Rα2-overexpressing and IL-13Rα2-negative ovarian tumor cell lines. IL-13 treatment significantly augmented both cell invasion and enzyme activities in only IL-13Rα2-positive cells but not in IL-13Rα2-negative cells in vitro. Mechanistically, IL-13 enhanced ERK1/2, AP-1 and MMP activities only in IL-13Rα2-positive cells but not in IL-13Rα2-negative cells. In contrast, other signaling pathways such as IRS1/2, PI3K and AKT do not seem to be involved in IL-13 induced signaling in ovarian cancer cell lines. Highly specific inhibitors for MMP and AP-1 efficiently inhibited both invasion and protease activities without impacting the basal level invasion and protease activities in vitro. In orthotopic animal model of human ovarian cancer, IL-13Rα2-positive tumors metastasized to lymph nodes and peritoneum earlier than IL-13Rα2-negative tumors. Interestingly, the IL-13Rα2-positive tumor bearing mice died earlier than mice with IL-13Rα2-negative tumor. Intraperitoneal injection of IL-13 further shortened survival of IL-13Rα2-positive tumor bearing mice compared to IL-13Rα2-negative tumor mice. IL-13Rα2-positive tumors and lymph node metastasis expressed higher levels of MMPs and higher ERK1/2 activation compared to IL-13Rα2-negative tumors. Taken together, IL-13Rα2 is involved in cancer metastasis through activation of ERK/AP-1 and that targeting IL-13Rα2 might not only directly kill primary tumors but also prevent cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshio Fujisawa
- Tumor Vaccines and Biotechnology Branch, Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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