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Le Poole IC. Myron Gordon Award paper: Microbes, T-cell diversity and pigmentation. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2021; 34:244-255. [PMID: 33438345 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.12957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Melanocytes are static, minimally proliferative cells. This leaves them vulnerable in vitiligo. Yet upon malignant transformation, they form vicious tumors. This profound switch in physiology is accompanied by genetic change and is driven by environmental factors. If UV exposure in younger years supports malignant transformation and melanoma formation, it can likewise impart mutations on melanocytes that reduce their viability, to initiate vitiligo. A wide variety of microbes can influence these diametrically opposed outcomes before either disease takes hold. These microbes are vehicles of change that we are only beginning to study. Once a genetic modification occurs, there is a wide variety of immune cells ready to respond. Though it does not act alone, the T cell is among the most decisive responders in this process. The same biochemical process that offered the skin protection by producing melanin can become an Achilles heel for the cell when the T cells target melanosomal enzymes or, on occasion, neoantigens. T cells are precise, determined, and consequential when they strike. Here, we probe the relationship between the microbiome and its metabolites, epithelial integrity, and the activation of T cells that target benign and malignant melanocytes in vitiligo and melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Caroline Le Poole
- Department of Dermatology, Microbiology and Immunology, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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2
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Studentova H, Kalabova H, Koranda P, Chytilova K, Kucerova L, Melichar B, Vrana D. Immunotherapy in mucosal melanoma: a case report and review of the literature. Oncotarget 2018; 9:17971-17977. [PMID: 29707161 PMCID: PMC5915169 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mucosal melanoma is a rare form of melanoma presenting variably as sores or unexplained bleeding located mainly in the head and neck region, anorectal region or female genital tract. Mucosal melanoma is usually diagnosed at an advanced stage and is characterized by an aggressive behavior. Surgery represents the mainstay of treatment for early stage melanomas, but for advanced disease there have been until recently very limited treatment options. Ipilimumab, a human monoclonal antibody directed against the cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4, was the first treatment modality to demonstrate survival benefit in advanced malignant melanoma. Method Description of a new case and review of the literature. Results We present here a patient with mucosal melanoma with aggressive biological behavior and documented late response to ipilimumab. Conclusions Ipilimumab represents an effective treatment option in selected patients with mucosal melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Studentova
- Department of Oncology, Palacký University, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry and University Hospital, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Kalabova
- Department of Oncology, Palacký University, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry and University Hospital, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Koranda
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Palacký University, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry and University Hospital, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Karin Chytilova
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Palacký University, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry and University Hospital, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Ladislava Kucerova
- Department of Pathology, Palacký University, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry and University Hospital, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Bohuslav Melichar
- Department of Oncology, Palacký University, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry and University Hospital, Olomouc, Czech Republic.,Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Palacký University, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry and University Hospital, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - David Vrana
- Department of Oncology, Palacký University, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry and University Hospital, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Peng Y, Lai M, Lou Y, Liu Y, Wang H, Zheng X. Efficient induction of cross-presentating human B cell by transduction with human adenovirus type 7 vector. Immunol Lett 2015; 169:41-51. [PMID: 26620361 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2015.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Revised: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/14/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Although human autologous B cells represent a promising alternative to dendritic cells (DCs) for easy large-scale preparation, the naive human B cells are always poor at antigen presentation. The safe and effective usage record of human adenovirus type 7 (HAdV7) live vaccines makes it attractive as a promising vaccine vector candidate. To investigate whether HAdV7 vector could be used to induce the human B cells cross-presentation, in the present study, we constructed the E3-defective recombinant HAdV7 vector encoding green fluorescent protein (GFP) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). We demonstrated that naive human B cells can efficiently be transduced, and that the MAPKs/NF-κB pathway can be activated by recombinant HAdV7. We proved that cytokine TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10, surface molecule MHC class I and the CD86, antigen-processing machinery (APM) compounds ERp57, TAP-1, and TAP-2. were upregulated in HAdV7 transduced human B cells. We also found that CEA-specific IFNγ expression, degranulation, and in vitro and ex vivo cytotoxicities are induced in autologous CD8(+) T cells presensitized by HAd7CEA modified human B cells. Meanwhile, our evidences clearly show that Toll-like receptors 9 (TLR9) antagonist IRS 869 significantly eliminated most of the HAdV7 initiated B cell activation and CD8(+) T cells response, supporting the role and contribution of TLR9 signaling in HAdV7 induced human B cell cross-presentation. Besides a better understanding of the interactions between recombinant HAdV7 and human naive B cells, to our knowledge, the present study provides the first evidence to support the use of HAdV7-modified B cells as a vehicle for vaccines and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Peng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Meimei Lai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; School of Laboratory Medicine,Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yunyan Lou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; School of Laboratory Medicine,Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanqing Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; School of Laboratory Medicine,Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huiyan Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; School of Laboratory Medicine,Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoqun Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; School of Laboratory Medicine,Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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4
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Chang S, Lin X, Higashikubo R, Toth K, Gelman AE, Kreisel D, Krupnick AS. Unique pulmonary antigen presentation may call for an alternative approach toward lung cancer immunotherapy. Oncoimmunology 2014; 2:e23563. [PMID: 23802088 PMCID: PMC3661173 DOI: 10.4161/onci.23563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Unlike other tumors, lung cancer appears to be poorly sensitive to immunotherapy. We have recently demonstrated an alternative pathway of lung cancer immunosurveillance. Our data indicate a failure of the adaptive immune system to mediate the immunosurveillance of lung cancer and emphasize the prominent role of natural killer cells in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Chang
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Alvin Siteman Cancer Center and Department of Pathology and Immunology Washington University School of Medicine
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Wilgenhof S, Du Four S, Everaert H, Neyns B. Patterns of response in patients with pretreated metastatic melanoma who received ipilimumab 3 mg/kg in a European expanded access program: five illustrative case reports. Cancer Invest 2012; 30:712-20. [PMID: 23043499 PMCID: PMC3536036 DOI: 10.3109/07357907.2012.727934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Ipilimumab 3 mg/kg was the first agent to improve survival of pretreated advanced melanoma patients. Nonconventional response patterns to ipilimumab have been reported widely, but most of these data were from studies with ipilimumab 10 mg/kg. Here, case reports from five patients treated within an expanded access program (EAP) with ipilimumab at its licensed dose of 3 mg/kg illustrate the efficacy of ipilimumab in an expanded access setting and the range of different tumor response patterns encountered. The durable clinical benefit seen in these patients despite the observed atypical response patterns highlights the necessity for comprehensive clinical decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie Wilgenhof
- Departments of Medical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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