1
|
Dogonyaro BB, van Heerden H, Potts AD, Fasina FO, Casanovas-Massana A, Kolo FB, Lötter C, Byaruhanga C, Ko AI, Wunder EA, Adesiyun AA. Molecular Characterization of Leptospira Species Detected in the Kidneys of Slaughtered Livestock in Abattoirs in Gauteng Province, South Africa. Pathogens 2023; 12:666. [PMID: 37242336 PMCID: PMC10223745 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12050666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Leptospira was investigated in kidneys (n = 305) from slaughtered livestock in the Gauteng Province abattoirs, South Africa, using a culture medium to isolate Leptospira, followed by the LipL32 qPCR to detect Leptospira DNA. The SecY gene region was amplified, sequenced, and analyzed for LipL32 qPCR-positive samples or Leptospira isolates. The overall frequency of isolation of Leptospira spp. was 3.9% (12/305), comprising 4.8% (9/186), 4.1% (3/74), and 0% (0/45) from cattle, pigs, and sheep, respectively (p > 0.05). However, with LipL32 qPCR, the overall frequency of Leptospira DNA was 27.5%, consisting of 26.9%, 20.3%, and 42.2% for cattle, pigs, and sheep, respectively (p = 0.03). Based on 22 SecY sequences, the phylogenetic tree identified the L. interrogans cluster with serovar Icterohaemorrhagiae and the L. borgpetersenii cluster with serovar Hardjo bovis strain Lely 607. This study is the first molecular characterization of Leptospira spp. from livestock in South Africa. The reference laboratory uses an eight-serovar microscopic agglutination test panel for leptospirosis diagnosis, of which L. borgpetersenii serovar Hardjo bovis is not part. Our data show that pathogenic L. interrogans and L. borgpetersenii are circulating in the livestock population. Diagnostic use of molecular methods will eliminate or reduce the under-reporting of leptospirosis in livestock, particularly sheep, in South Africa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Banenat B. Dogonyaro
- Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- National Veterinary Research Institute, Virology Department, Vom 930101, Nigeria
| | - Henriette van Heerden
- Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa
| | - Andrew D. Potts
- Bacterial Serology Laboratory, ARC-Onderstepoort Veterinary Research, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa
| | - Folorunso O. Fasina
- Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa
- ECTAD, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Nairobi 00100, Kenya
| | - Arnau Casanovas-Massana
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Francis B. Kolo
- Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa
| | - Christine Lötter
- Bacterial Serology Laboratory, ARC-Onderstepoort Veterinary Research, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa
| | - Charles Byaruhanga
- Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa
| | - Albert I. Ko
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Gonçalo Moniz Research Center, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Brazilian Ministry of Health, Salvador 40081, Brazil
| | - Elsio A. Wunder
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Gonçalo Moniz Research Center, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Brazilian Ministry of Health, Salvador 40081, Brazil
| | - Abiodun A. Adesiyun
- Department of Production Animal Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, The University of West Indies, St. Augustine 685509, Trinidad and Tobago
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Anari S, Jaydari A, Shams N, Rahimi H. Molecular Detection of Leptospira spp. Isolated from Aborted Ovine Genital Swabs in Lorestan, Iran, 2019-2020. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.30699/ijmm.17.1.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
|
3
|
Almeida DS, Paz LN, de Oliveira DS, Silva DN, Ristow P, Hamond C, Costa F, Portela RW, Estrela-Lima A, Pinna MH. Investigation of chronic infection by Leptospira spp. in asymptomatic sheep slaughtered in slaughterhouse. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0217391. [PMID: 31120961 PMCID: PMC6532964 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to evaluate the histopathological characteristics of renal lesions in chronically infected sheep and with low titers of anti-Leptospira antibodies from a slaughterhouse. In the serological analysis, 24.74% (48/194) presented seroreactivity with a titer equal to or greater than 100. Among these seroreactive sheep, titers of 100 were predominant (58.33%, 28/48), with the highest titer being 1,600 (2.08%, 1/48). Serogroup Sejroe (sv. Hardjo) was the most frequent at 35.42% (17/48). Leptospiral DNA was verified in 4.12% (8/194) of the kidney samples tested, and no urine sample was positive. All the samples corresponded to the pathogenic species L. interrogans. The eight amplicons with 202-nucleotides were identical with two mismatches (presented 100% of identity) using the PCR targeting to secY gene. Histological sections of PCR-positive kidneys were submitted to direct detection by the anti-LipL32 immunohistochemistry (IHC) technique. The Leptospira spp. antigen was evident in 62.5% (5/8) of the kidneys. Positive staining was observed in the cytoplasm of tubular cells and in the form of brownish aggregates that adhered to tubular epithelial cells and projected into the lumen. Inflammatory lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate, ranging from mild to moderate, with multifocal distribution, was the predominant finding in seroreactive animals (33.33%, 16/48). The demonstration of the leptospiral antigen lining the renal tubules through IHC of naturally infected sheep confirmed by PCR characterizes renal colonization in a species with the presence of histological changes compatible with leptospirosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Santos Almeida
- Post Graduate Program in Animal Science in the Tropics—Federal University of Bahia., Salvador,Bahia, Brazil
| | - Lucas Nogueira Paz
- Post Graduate Program in Animal Science in the Tropics—Federal University of Bahia., Salvador,Bahia, Brazil
| | | | - Danielle Nascimento Silva
- Post Graduate Program in Animal Science in the Tropics—Federal University of Bahia., Salvador,Bahia, Brazil
| | - Paula Ristow
- Laboratory of Bacteriology and Health, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Camila Hamond
- Plataforma de Salud Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria, INIA La Estanzuela, Colonia, Uruguay
| | - Federico Costa
- Instituto de Saude Coletiva, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | | | - Alessandra Estrela-Lima
- Post Graduate Program in Animal Science in the Tropics—Federal University of Bahia., Salvador,Bahia, Brazil
| | - Melissa Hanzen Pinna
- Post Graduate Program in Animal Science in the Tropics—Federal University of Bahia., Salvador,Bahia, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Alvarado-Esquivel C, Hernandez-Tinoco J, Sanchez-Anguiano LF, Ramos-Nevarez A, Cerrillo-Soto SM, Saenz-Soto L, Martinez-Ramirez L. High Seroprevalence of Leptospira Exposure in Meat Workers in Northern Mexico: A Case-Control Study. J Clin Med Res 2016; 8:231-6. [PMID: 26858797 PMCID: PMC4737035 DOI: 10.14740/jocmr2463w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The seroepidemiology of Leptospira infection in workers occupationally exposed to raw meat has been poorly studied. This work aimed to determine the association between Leptospira exposure and the occupation of meat worker, and to determine the seroprevalence association with socio-demographic, work, clinical and behavioral characteristics of the meat workers studied. Methods We performed a case-control study in 124 meat workers and 124 age- and gender-matched control subjects in Durango City, Mexico. Sera of cases and controls were analyzed for anti-Leptospira IgG antibodies using a commercially available enzyme immunoassay. Data of meat workers were obtained with the aid of a questionnaire. The association of Leptospira exposure with the characteristics of meat workers was analyzed by bivariate and multivariate analyses. Results Anti-Leptospira IgG antibodies were found in 22 (17.7%) of 124 meat workers and in eight (6.5%) of 124 controls (OR = 3.12; 95% CI: 1.33 - 7.33; P = 0.006). Seroprevalence of Leptospira infection was similar between male butchers (17.6%) and female butchers (18.2%) (P = 1.00). Multivariate analysis of socio-demographic, work and behavioral variables showed that Leptospira exposure was associated with duration in the activity, rural residence, and consumption of snake meat and unwashed raw fruits. Conclusions This is the first case-control study of the association of Leptospira exposure with the occupation of meat worker. Results indicate that meat workers represent a risk group for Leptospira exposure. Risk factors for Leptospira exposure found in this study may help in the design of optimal preventive measures against Leptospira infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cosme Alvarado-Esquivel
- Biomedical Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Nutrition, Juarez University of Durango State, Durango, Mexico
| | - Jesus Hernandez-Tinoco
- Institute for Scientific Research "Dr. Roberto Rivera Damm", Juarez University of Durango State, Durango, Mexico
| | | | - Agar Ramos-Nevarez
- Clinica de Medicina Familiar, Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado, Predio Canoas S/N, 34079 Durango, Mexico
| | - Sandra Margarita Cerrillo-Soto
- Clinica de Medicina Familiar, Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado, Predio Canoas S/N, 34079 Durango, Mexico
| | - Leandro Saenz-Soto
- Clinica de Medicina Familiar, Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado, Predio Canoas S/N, 34079 Durango, Mexico
| | - Lucio Martinez-Ramirez
- Clinica de Medicina Familiar, Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado, Predio Canoas S/N, 34079 Durango, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|