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Deng T, Ding R, Wang Y, Chen Y, Sun H, Zheng M. Mapping knowledge of the stem cell in traumatic brain injury: a bibliometric and visualized analysis. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1301277. [PMID: 38523616 PMCID: PMC10957745 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1301277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a brain function injury caused by external mechanical injury. Primary and secondary injuries cause neurological deficits that mature brain tissue cannot repair itself. Stem cells can self-renewal and differentiate, the research of stem cells in the pathogenesis and treatment of TBI has made significant progress in recent years. However, numerous articles must be summarized to analyze hot spots and predict trends. This study aims to provide a panorama of knowledge and research hotspots through bibliometrics. Method We searched in the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database to identify articles pertaining to TBI and stem cells published between 2000 and 2022. Visualization knowledge maps, including co-authorship, co-citation, and co-occurrence analysis were generated by VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and the R package "bibliometrix." Results We retrieved a total of 459 articles from 45 countries. The United States and China contributed the majority of publications. The number of publications related to TBI and stem cells is increasing yearly. Tianjin Medical University was the most prolific institution, and Professor Charles S. Cox, Jr. from the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston was the most influential author. The Journal of Neurotrauma has published the most research articles on TBI and stem cells. Based on the burst references, "immunomodulation," "TBI," and "cellular therapy" have been regarded as research hotspots in the field. The keywords co-occurrence analysis revealed that "exosomes," "neuroinflammation," and "microglia" were essential research directions in the future. Conclusion Research on TBI and stem cells has shown a rapid growth trend in recent years. Existing studies mainly focus on the activation mechanism of endogenous neural stem cells and how to make exogenous stem cell therapy more effective. The combination with bioengineering technology is the trend in this field. Topics related to exosomes and immune regulation may be the future focus of TBI and stem cell research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingzhen Deng
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ruiwen Ding
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yatao Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yueyang Chen
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hongtao Sun
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Institute of Neurotrauma Repair, Characteristic Medical Center of Chinese People’s Armed Police Force, Tianjin, China
| | - Maohua Zheng
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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Li H, Yin Z, Yue S, An Y, Wang X, Zhou S, Meng L, Jin B. Effect of valproic acid combined with transplantation of olfactory ensheathing cells modified by neurotrophic 3 gene on nerve protection and repair after traumatic brain injury. Neuropeptides 2024; 103:102389. [PMID: 37945445 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2023.102389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traumatic brain injury (TBI) often leads to cognitive and neurological dysfunction. Valproic acid (VPA) has a neuroprotective effect in acute central nervous system diseases; the neurotrophin 3 gene (NT-3) can maintain the survival of neurons, and olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) can promote the growth of nerve axons. This study aimed to evaluate the restorative effect of VPA combined with NT-3 modified OECs (NT-3-OECs) on neurological function after TBI. METHODS The neurological severity score (NSS) of rats was evaluated on the 1st, 7th, 14th, and 28th day after TBI modeling and corresponding intervention. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, p75 nerve growth factor receptor (P75), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and neurofilament protein (NF)staining, and argyrophilic staining were used to observe the morphology of brain tissue 28 days after modeling. Moreover, TdT-mediated dUTP Nick-End Labeling (TUNEL) was used to detect the apoptosis rate of neurons. The changes in synapses and mitochondria in the injured area were observed by electron microscope. RESULTS NT-3-OECs transplantation can increase the content of NT-3 in brain tissue, and NT-3-OECs can survive for >28 days. The NSS score of the TBI-VPA-NT-3-OECs group 28 days after cell transplantation was significantly lower than that of the other model treatment groups (P < 0.05). The morphological structure of the brain tissue was more complete, and the neurofilament fibers were neatly arranged, achieving better results than those of the other groups. The apoptosis rate of nerve cells in the TBI-VPA-NT-3-OECs group was significantly lower than in the other treatment groups (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the number of synapses in the combined intervention group was significantly higher than in the other treatment groups, and the mitochondrial structure was more complete. CONCLUSION NT-3-OECs have good biological function, and VPA combined with NT-3-OECs transplantation can effectively improve the prognosis of TBI rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiming Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Neurorestoratology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui 453100, Henan, China
| | - Zhijie Yin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui 453100, Henan, China
| | - Shuangzhu Yue
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui 453100, Henan, China
| | - Yunying An
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xinxiang Central Hospital, Xinxiang 453000, Henan, China
| | - Xiaoyin Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Neurorestoratology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui 453100, Henan, China
| | - Shifang Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui 453100, Henan, China
| | - Lei Meng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui 453100, Henan, China
| | - Baozhe Jin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui 453100, Henan, China.
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Liu S, Tian H, Niu Y, Yu C, Xie L, Jin Z, Niu W, Ren J, Fu L, Yao Z. Combined cell grafting and VPA administration facilitates neural repair through axonal regeneration and synaptogenesis in traumatic brain injury. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2022; 54:1289-1300. [PMID: 36148950 PMCID: PMC9828309 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2022123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal regeneration and functional recovery are severely compromised following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Treatment options, including cell transplantation and drug therapy, have been shown to benefit TBI, although the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. In this study, neural stem cells (NSCs) are transplanted into TBI-challenged mice, together with olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) or followed by valproic acid (VPA) treatment. Both OEC grafting and VPA treatment facilitate the differentiation of NSCs into neurons (including endogenous and exogenous neurons) and significantly attenuate neurological functional defects in TBI mice. Combination of NSCs with OECs or VPA administration leads to overt improvement in axonal regeneration, synaptogenesis, and synaptic plasticity in the cerebral cortex in TBI-challenged mice, as shown by retrograde corticospinal tract tracing, electron microscopy, growth-associated protein 43 (GAP43), and synaptophysin (SYN) analyses. However, these beneficial effects of VPA are reversed by local delivery of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) into tissues surrounding the injury epicenter in the cerebral cortex, accompanied by a pronounced drop in axons and synapses in the brain. Our findings reveal that increased axonal regeneration and synaptogenesis evoked by cell grafting and VPA fosters neural repair in a murine model of TBI. Moreover, VPA-induced neuroprotective roles are antagonized by exogenous NMDA administration and its concomitant decrease in the number of neurons of local brain, indicating that increased neurons induced by VPA treatment mediate axonal regeneration and synaptogenesis in mice after TBI operation. Collectively, this study provides new insights into NSC transplantation therapy for TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujuan Liu
- Department of Anatomy and EmbryologySchool of Basic Medical ScienceTianjin Medical UniversityTianjin300070China
| | - Haili Tian
- School of KinesiologyShanghai University of SportShanghai200438China
| | - Yanmei Niu
- Department of RehabilitationSchool of Medical TechnologyTianjin Medical UniversityTianjin300070China
| | - Chunxia Yu
- Department of Physiology and PathophysiologySchool of Basic Medical ScienceTianjin Medical UniversityTianjin300070China
| | - Lingjian Xie
- Department of Physiology and PathophysiologySchool of Basic Medical ScienceTianjin Medical UniversityTianjin300070China
| | - Zhe Jin
- Tianjin Yaohua Binhai SchoolTianjin300000China
| | - Wenyan Niu
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education)Department of ImmunologySchool of Basic Medical ScienceTianjin Medical UniversityTianjin300070China
| | - Jun Ren
- Department of CardiologyZhongshan Hospital Fudan UniversityShanghai Institute of Cardiovascular DiseasesShanghai200032China,Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathologyUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA,Correspondence address. Tel: +86-22-83336819; (Z.Y.) / Tel: +86-22-83336107; (L.F.) / Tel: +86-21-64041990; (J.R.) @
| | - Li Fu
- Department of RehabilitationSchool of Medical TechnologyTianjin Medical UniversityTianjin300070China,Department of Physiology and PathophysiologySchool of Basic Medical ScienceTianjin Medical UniversityTianjin300070China,Correspondence address. Tel: +86-22-83336819; (Z.Y.) / Tel: +86-22-83336107; (L.F.) / Tel: +86-21-64041990; (J.R.) @
| | - Zhi Yao
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education)Department of ImmunologySchool of Basic Medical ScienceTianjin Medical UniversityTianjin300070China,Correspondence address. Tel: +86-22-83336819; (Z.Y.) / Tel: +86-22-83336107; (L.F.) / Tel: +86-21-64041990; (J.R.) @
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The Anti-inflammation Property of Olfactory Ensheathing Cells in Neural Regeneration After Spinal Cord Injury. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:6447-6459. [PMID: 35962300 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02983-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Neural regeneration has troubled investigators worldwide in the past decades. Currently, cell transplantation emerged as a breakthrough targeted therapy for spinal cord injury (SCI) in the neurotrauma field, which provides a promising strategy in neural regeneration. Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs), a specialized type of glial cells, is considered as the excellent candidate due to its unique variable and intrinsic regeneration-supportive properties. In fact, OECs could support olfactory receptor neuron turnover and axonal extension, which is essential to maintain the function of olfactory nervous system. Hitherto, an increasing number of literatures demonstrate that transplantation of OECs exerts vital roles in neural regeneration and functional recovery after neural injury, including central and peripheral nervous system. It is common knowledge that the deteriorating microenvironment (ischemia, hypoxia, scar, acute and chronic inflammation, etc.) resulting from injured nervous system is adverse for neural regeneration. Interestingly, recent studies indicated that OECs could promote neural repair through improvement of the disastrous microenvironments, especially to the overwhelmed inflammatory responses. Although OECs possess unusual advantages over other cells for neural repair, particularly in SCI, the mechanisms of OEC-mediated neural repair are still controversial with regard to anti-inflammation. Therefore, it is significant to summarize the anti-inflammation property of OECs, which is helpful to understand the biological characteristics of OECs and drive future studies. Here, we mainly focus on the anti-inflammatory role of OECs to make systematic review and discuss OEC-based therapy for CNS injury.
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5
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Niknazar S, Abbaszadeh HA, Khoshsirat S, Mehrjerdi FZ, Peyvandi AA. Combined treatment of retinoic acid with olfactory ensheathing cells protect gentamicin-induced SGNs damage in the rat cochlea in vitro. Mol Cell Neurosci 2022; 121:103752. [PMID: 35781072 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2022.103752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hearing is mainly dependent on the function of hair cells (HCs) and spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) which damage or loss of them leads to irreversible hearing loss. Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) are specialized glia that forms the fascicles of the olfactory nerve by surrounding the olfactory sensory axons. The OECs, as a regenerating part of the nervous system, play a supporting function in axonal regeneration and express a wide range of growth factors. In addition, retinoic acid (RA) enhances the proliferation and differentiation of these cells into the nerve. In the present study, we co-cultured human OECs (hOECs) with cochlear SGNs in order to determine whether hOECs and RA co-treatment can protect the repair process in gentamycin-induced SGNs damage in vitro. For this purpose, cochlear cultures were prepared from P4 Wistar rats, which were randomly appointed to four groups: normal cultivated SGNs (Control), gentamicin-lesioned SGNs culture (Gent), gentamicin-lesioned SGNs culture treated with OECs (Gent + OECs) and gentamicin-lesioned SGNs culture co-treated with OECs and RA (Gent + OEC& RA). The expression of a specific protein in SGNs was examined using immunohistochemical and Western blotting technique. TUNEl staining was used to detect cell apoptosis. Here, we revealed that combined treatment of OECs and RA protect synapsin and Tuj-1 expression in the lesioned SGNs and attenuate cell apoptosis. These findings suggest that RA co-treatment can enhance efficiency of OECs in repair of SGNs damage induced by ototoxic drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Niknazar
- Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada Tajrish Comprehensive Neurosurgical Center of Excellence, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Hearing Disorders Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hojjat-Allah Abbaszadeh
- Hearing Disorders Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Anatomical Sciences and Biology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahrokh Khoshsirat
- Hearing Disorders Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Zare Mehrjerdi
- Neuroendocrine Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of MedicalSciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Ali Asghar Peyvandi
- Hearing Disorders Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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6
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Astrocytes Protect Human Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells from Hypoxia Injury by Regulating VEGF Expression. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2022; 2022:1884959. [PMID: 35340230 PMCID: PMC8956445 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1884959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxic-ischemic stroke has been associated with changes in neurovascular behavior, mediated, in part, by induction of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of human astrocytes on the proliferation, apoptosis, and function of human microvascular endothelial cells (hBMEC) in vitro. Human microvascular endothelial cells (hBMEC) and human normal astrocytes (HA-1800) were used to establish in vitro cocultured cell models. The coculture model was used to simulate hypoxic-ischemic stroke, and it was found that astrocytes could promote hBMEC proliferation, inhibit apoptosis, reduce cell damage, and enhance antioxidant capacity by activating the VEGF signaling pathway. When VEGF is knocked out in astrocytes, the protective effect of astrocytes on hBMEC was partially lost. In conclusion, our study confirms the protective effect of hBMEC and laid a foundation for the study of hypoxic-ischemic stroke.
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7
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Zhang Q, Wan XX, Hu XM, Zhao WJ, Ban XX, Huang YX, Yan WT, Xiong K. Targeting Programmed Cell Death to Improve Stem Cell Therapy: Implications for Treating Diabetes and Diabetes-Related Diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:809656. [PMID: 34977045 PMCID: PMC8717932 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.809656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell therapies have shown promising therapeutic effects in restoring damaged tissue and promoting functional repair in a wide range of human diseases. Generations of insulin-producing cells and pancreatic progenitors from stem cells are potential therapeutic methods for treating diabetes and diabetes-related diseases. However, accumulated evidence has demonstrated that multiple types of programmed cell death (PCD) existed in stem cells post-transplantation and compromise their therapeutic efficiency, including apoptosis, autophagy, necroptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis. Understanding the molecular mechanisms in PCD during stem cell transplantation and targeting cell death signaling pathways are vital to successful stem cell therapies. In this review, we highlight the research advances in PCD mechanisms that guide the development of multiple strategies to prevent the loss of stem cells and discuss promising implications for improving stem cell therapy in diabetes and diabetes-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xin-xing Wan
- Department of Endocrinology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xi-min Hu
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wen-juan Zhao
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiao-xia Ban
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yan-xia Huang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei-tao Yan
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Kun Xiong
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
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8
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Yue Y, Xue Q, Yang J, Li X, Mi Z, Zhao G, Zhang L. Wnt-activated olfactory ensheathing cells stimulate neural stem cell proliferation and neuronal differentiation. Brain Res 2020; 1735:146726. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.146726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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9
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He XY, Dan QQ, Wang F, Li YK, Fu SJ, Zhao N, Wang TH. Protein Network Analysis of the Serum and Their Functional Implication in Patients Subjected to Traumatic Brain Injury. Front Neurosci 2019; 12:1049. [PMID: 30766469 PMCID: PMC6365836 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.01049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) often leads to severe neurobehavioral impairment, but the underlying molecular mechanism remains to be elucidated. Here, we collected the sera from 23 patients (aged from 19 to 81 years old, third day after TBI as TBI-third group) subjected to TBI from The First Hospital of Kunming City, and the sera from 22 healthy donors (aged from 18 to 81 years old and as control group). Then, three samples from TBI-third group and three samples from control group were subjected to the protein microarray detection, and bioinformatics analysis. Then, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to verify significantly altered protein levels. Results showed that, when compared with the control group, all significantly differentially expressed proteins [DEPs, P < 0.05, FDR < 0.05, fold change (FC) > 2] contained 172 molecules in the TBI-third group, in which 65 proteins were upregulated, while 107 proteins were downregulated. The biological processes of these DEPs, mostly happened in the extracellular region and the extracellular region parts, are mainly involved in the regulation of cellular process, signaling and signal transduction, cell communication, response to stimuli, the immune system process and multicellular organismal development. Moreover, the essential molecular functions of them are cytokine activity, growth factor activity and morphogen activity. Additionally, the most significant pathways are enriched in cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways among downregulated proteins, and pathways in cancer and cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction among upregulated proteins. Of these, we focused on the NGF, NT-3, IGF-2, HGF, NPY, CRP, MMP-9, and ICAM-2 with a high number of interactors in Protein–Protein Interaction (PPI) Network indicated by bioinformatics report. Furthermore, using ELISA test, we confirmed that all increase in the levels of NGF, NT-3, IGF-2, HGF, NPY, CRP, MMP-9, and ICAM-2 in the serum from TBI patients. Together, we determined the screened protein expressional profiles in serum for TBI patients, in which the cross-network between inflammatory factors and growth factors may play a crucial role in TBI damage and repair. Our findings could contribute to indication for the diagnosis and treatment of TBI in future translational medicine and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Ying He
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Neurological Disease, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qi-Qin Dan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Neurological Disease, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Laboratory Zoology Department, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yu-Kai Li
- Institute of Neuroscience, Laboratory Zoology Department, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Song-Jun Fu
- Institute of Neuroscience, Laboratory Zoology Department, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Nan Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, China
| | - Ting-Hua Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Neurological Disease, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Laboratory Zoology Department, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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Tuazon JP, Castelli V, Lee JY, Desideri GB, Stuppia L, Cimini AM, Borlongan CV. Neural Stem Cells. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1201:79-91. [PMID: 31898782 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-31206-0_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Neural stem cell (NSC) transplantation has provided the basis for the development of potentially powerful new therapeutic cell-based strategies for a broad spectrum of clinical diseases, including stroke, psychiatric illnesses such as fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, and cancer. Here, we discuss pertinent preclinical investigations involving NSCs, including how NSCs can ameliorate these diseases, the current barriers hindering NSC-based treatments, and future directions for NSC research. There are still many translational requirements to overcome before clinical therapeutic applications, such as establishing optimal dosing, route of delivery, and timing regimens and understanding the exact mechanism by which transplanted NSCs lead to enhanced recovery. Such critical lab-to-clinic investigations will be necessary in order to refine NSC-based therapies for debilitating human disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian P Tuazon
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Vanessa Castelli
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jea-Young Lee
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | | | - Liborio Stuppia
- Department of Psychological, Humanistic and Territorial Sciences, University G. D'Annunzio, Chieti, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Cimini
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.,Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Cesar V Borlongan
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA.
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Yu A, Mao L, Zhao F, Sun B. Olfactory ensheathing cells transplantation attenuates chronic cerebral hypoperfusion induced cognitive dysfunction and brain damages by activating Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Am J Transl Res 2018; 10:3111-3121. [PMID: 30416654 PMCID: PMC6220231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) has become a crucial factor contributing to neurological disorders and cognitive deficits. Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) transplantation has been widely used to repair central nerve systems (CNS) injury, however, whether this intervention has therapeutic effects on CCH-induced cognitive dysfunction and brain damages is still unknown. In this study, we sought to determine the potential therapeutic effects of OECs transplantation on CCH. Two days after the establishment of 2VO rat model, OECs or its medium transplantation were performed via intrastriatal injection. In our study, OECs treatment significantly improved learning and memory in 2VO rats. Transplantation of OECs also significantly reduced brain cell death, neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. Mechanistically, transplantation of OECs increased the expression of nuclear factor-like 2 (Nrf2) and hemeoxygenase 1 (HO-1). Finally, treatment with Brusatol, a Nrf2 inhibitor, markedly abolished the neuroprotective effects of OECs on cognitive decline, oxidative stress, Nrf2 and HO-1 expression. These results demonstrated that OECs transplantation protected CCH-induced cognitive impairment and brain injury by suppressing neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. The activation of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway may contribute to the neuroprotection of OECs transplantation in CCH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ailing Yu
- Shandong University School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Taian City Central HospitalTaian 271000, Shandong, China
| | - Leilei Mao
- The Institute of Life Sciences Research Center, Taishan Medical CollegeTaian 271000, Shandong, China
| | - Fangfang Zhao
- Shandong University School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Taian City Central HospitalTaian 271000, Shandong, China
| | - Baoliang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Cerebral Microcirculation in Universities of Shandong, Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Taishan Medical CollegeTaian 271000, Shandong, China
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12
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Wu S, FitzGerald KT, Giordano J. On the Viability and Potential Value of Stem Cells for Repair and Treatment of Central Neurotrauma: Overview and Speculations. Front Neurol 2018; 9:602. [PMID: 30150968 PMCID: PMC6099099 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Central neurotrauma, such as spinal cord injury or traumatic brain injury, can damage critical axonal pathways and neurons and lead to partial to complete loss of neural function that is difficult to address in the mature central nervous system. Improvement and innovation in the development, manufacture, and delivery of stem-cell based therapies, as well as the continued exploration of newer forms of stem cells, have allowed the professional and public spheres to resolve technical and ethical questions that previously hindered stem cell research for central nervous system injury. Recent in vitro and in vivo models have demonstrated the potential that reprogrammed autologous stem cells, in particular, have to restore functionality and induce regeneration-while potentially mitigating technical issues of immunogenicity, rejection, and ethical issues of embryonic derivation. These newer stem-cell based approaches are not, however, without concerns and problems of safety, efficacy, use and distribution. This review is an assessment of the current state of the science, the potential solutions that have been and are currently being explored, and the problems and questions that arise from what appears to be a promising way forward (i.e., autologous stem cell-based therapies)-for the purpose of advancing the research for much-needed therapeutic interventions for central neurotrauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Wu
- Pellegrino Center for Clinical Bioethics, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Kevin T. FitzGerald
- Pellegrino Center for Clinical Bioethics, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
| | - James Giordano
- Pellegrino Center for Clinical Bioethics, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
- Departments of Neurology and Biochemistry, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
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13
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Carelli S, Giallongo T, Gombalova Z, Merli D, Di Giulio AM, Gorio A. EPO-releasing neural precursor cells promote axonal regeneration and recovery of function in spinal cord traumatic injury. Restor Neurol Neurosci 2018; 35:583-599. [PMID: 29172009 PMCID: PMC5701768 DOI: 10.3233/rnn-170750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Background: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a debilitating condition characterized by a complex of neurological dysfunctions ranging from loss of sensation to partial or complete limb paralysis. Recently, we reported that intravenous administration of neural precursors physiologically releasing erythropoietin (namely Er-NPCs) enhances functional recovery in animals following contusive spinal cord injury through the counteraction of secondary degeneration. Er-NPCs reached and accumulated at the lesion edges, where they survived throughout the prolonged period of observation and differentiated mostly into cholinergic neuron-like cells. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the potential reparative and regenerative properties of Er-NPCs in a mouse experimental model of traumatic spinal cord injury. Methods and Results: We report that Er-NPCs favoured the preservation of axonal myelin and strongly promoted the regrowth across the lesion site of monoaminergic and chatecolaminergic fibers that reached the distal portions of the injured cord. The use of an anterograde tracer transported by the regenerating axons allowed us to assess the extent of such a process. We show that axonal fluoro-ruby labelling was practically absent in saline-treated mice, while it resulted very significant in Er-NPCs transplanted animals. Conclusion: Our study shows that Er-NPCs promoted recovery of function after spinal cord injury, and that this is accompanied by preservation of myelination and strong re-innervation of the distal cord. Thus, regenerated axons may have contributed to the enhanced recovery of function after SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Carelli
- Department of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Pharmacology, University of Milan, via A di Rudinì, Milan, Italy.,Pediatric Clinical Research Center Fondazione Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - T Giallongo
- Department of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Pharmacology, University of Milan, via A di Rudinì, Milan, Italy
| | - Z Gombalova
- Department of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Pharmacology, University of Milan, via A di Rudinì, Milan, Italy.,Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice, Faculty of Science, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Moyzesova, Kosice, Slovakia (SVK)
| | - D Merli
- Department of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Pharmacology, University of Milan, via A di Rudinì, Milan, Italy
| | - A M Di Giulio
- Department of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Pharmacology, University of Milan, via A di Rudinì, Milan, Italy.,Pediatric Clinical Research Center Fondazione Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - A Gorio
- Department of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Pharmacology, University of Milan, via A di Rudinì, Milan, Italy
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14
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Jahanbazi Jahan-Abad A, Sahab Negah S, Hosseini Ravandi H, Ghasemi S, Borhani-Haghighi M, Stummer W, Gorji A, Khaleghi Ghadiri M. Human Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells Derived From Epileptic Human Brain in a Self-Assembling Peptide Nanoscaffold Improve Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 55:9122-9138. [PMID: 29651746 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1050-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a disruption in the brain functions following a head trauma. Cell therapy may provide a promising treatment for TBI. Among different cell types, human neural stem cells cultured in self-assembling peptide scaffolds have been suggested as a potential novel method for cell replacement treatment after TBI. In the present study, we accessed the effects of human neural stem/progenitor cells (hNS/PCs) derived from epileptic human brain and human adipose-derived stromal/stem cells (hADSCs) seeded in PuraMatrix hydrogel (PM) on brain function after TBI in an animal model of brain injury. hNS/PCs were isolated from patients with medically intractable epilepsy undergone epilepsy surgery. hNS/PCs and hADSCs have the potential for proliferation and differentiation into both neuronal and glial lineages. Assessment of the growth characteristics of hNS/PCs and hADSCs revealed that the hNS/PCs doubling time was significantly longer and the growth rate was lower than hADSCs. Transplantation of hNS/PCs and hADSCs seeded in PM improved functional recovery, decreased lesion volume, inhibited neuroinflammation, and reduced the reactive gliosis at the injury site. The data suggest the transplantation of hNS/PCs or hADSCs cultured in PM as a promising treatment option for cell replacement therapy in TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Jahanbazi Jahan-Abad
- Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Khatam Alanbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajad Sahab Negah
- Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Khatam Alanbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Sedigheh Ghasemi
- Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Khatam Alanbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Walter Stummer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Ali Gorji
- Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Khatam Alanbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran. .,Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,Department of Neurosurgery, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany. .,Department of Neurology, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany. .,Epilepsy Research Center, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Robert-Koch-Strasse 45, 48149, Münster, Germany.
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15
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Wang J, Zhang Y. Neuroprotective effect of berberine agonist against impairment of learning and memory skills in severe traumatic brain injury via Sirt1/p38 MAPK expression. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:6881-6886. [PMID: 29512719 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Berberine has multiple clinical applications, including the treatment of tumors, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, hyperlipidemia, inflammation, bacterial and viral infections, cerebral ischemic injuries, mental diseases, Alzheimer's disease and osteoporosis. In the present study, the neuroprotective effect of berberine agonist rescue learning and memory in severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), and the possible mechanism underlying these observations was explored. The protective effect of berberine agonist significantly recovered learning and memory skills, attenuated brain edema and inhibited matrix metalloproteinase‑3 and ‑9 protein expression in mice with severe TBI. Berberine agonist significantly reduced inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis levels in mice with severe TBI. Berberine agonist promoted choline acetyltransferase activity and inhibited the activity of acetylcholinesterase. Collectively, results of the present study revealed that the neuroprotective effect of berberine agonist rescues learning and memory skills in severe TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Wang
- Department of Emergency, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Yamin Zhang
- Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
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16
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Veron AD, Bienboire-Frosini C, Feron F, Codecasa E, Deveze A, Royer D, Watelet P, Asproni P, Sadelli K, Chabaud C, Stamegna JC, Fagot J, Khrestchatisky M, Cozzi A, Roman FS, Pageat P, Mengoli M, Girard SD. Isolation and characterization of olfactory ecto-mesenchymal stem cells from eight mammalian genera. BMC Vet Res 2018; 14:17. [PMID: 29343270 PMCID: PMC5772688 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-018-1342-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stem cell-based therapies are an attractive option to promote regeneration and repair defective tissues and organs. Thanks to their multipotency, high proliferation rate and the lack of major ethical limitations, "olfactory ecto-mesenchymal stem cells" (OE-MSCs) have been described as a promising candidate to treat a variety of damaged tissues. Easily accessible in the nasal cavity of most mammals, these cells are highly suitable for autologous cell-based therapies and do not face issues associated with other stem cells. However, their clinical use in humans and animals is limited due to a lack of preclinical studies on autologous transplantation and because no well-established methods currently exist to cultivate these cells. Here we evaluated the feasibility of collecting, purifying and amplifying OE-MSCs from different mammalian genera with the goal of promoting their interest in veterinary regenerative medicine. Biopsies of olfactory mucosa from eight mammalian genera (mouse, rat, rabbit, sheep, dog, horse, gray mouse lemur and macaque) were collected, using techniques derived from those previously used in humans and rats. The possibility of amplifying these cells and their stemness features and differentiation capability were then evaluated. RESULTS Biopsies were successfully performed on olfactory mucosa without requiring the sacrifice of the donor animal, except mice. Cell populations were rapidly generated from olfactory mucosa explants. These cells displayed similar key features of their human counterparts: a fibroblastic morphology, a robust expression of nestin, an ability to form spheres and similar expression of surface markers (CD44, CD73). Moreover, most of them also exhibited high proliferation rates and clonogenicity with genus-specific properties. Finally, OE-MSCs also showed the ability to differentiate into mesodermal lineages. CONCLUSIONS This article describes for the first time how millions of OE-MSCs can be quickly and easily obtained from different mammalian genera through protocols that are well-suited for autologous transplantations. Moreover, their multipotency makes them relevant to evaluate therapeutic application in a wide variety of tissue injury models. This study paves the way for the development of new fundamental and clinical studies based on OE-MSCs transplantation and suggests their interest in veterinary medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine D Veron
- IRSEA, Research Institute in Semiochemistry and Applied Ethology, Quartier Salignan, 84400, Apt, France. .,Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, NICN, Marseille, France.
| | - Cécile Bienboire-Frosini
- IRSEA, Research Institute in Semiochemistry and Applied Ethology, Quartier Salignan, 84400, Apt, France
| | - François Feron
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, NICN, Marseille, France.,Inserm CBT 1409, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques en Biothérapie, Marseille, France
| | - Elisa Codecasa
- IRSEA, Research Institute in Semiochemistry and Applied Ethology, Quartier Salignan, 84400, Apt, France
| | - Arnaud Deveze
- Département ORL, Hôpital Universitaire Nord, AP-HM, Marseille, France.,Aix-Marseille Univ, IFSTTAR, LBA, Marseille, France
| | - Dany Royer
- Centre Hospitalier Vétérinaire Pommery, 51100, Reims, France
| | - Paul Watelet
- Société Hippique Le frigouyé, 30650, Saze, France
| | - Pietro Asproni
- IRSEA, Research Institute in Semiochemistry and Applied Ethology, Quartier Salignan, 84400, Apt, France
| | | | - Camille Chabaud
- IRSEA, Research Institute in Semiochemistry and Applied Ethology, Quartier Salignan, 84400, Apt, France
| | | | - Joël Fagot
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, LPC, Marseille, France
| | | | - Alessandro Cozzi
- IRSEA, Research Institute in Semiochemistry and Applied Ethology, Quartier Salignan, 84400, Apt, France
| | | | - Patrick Pageat
- IRSEA, Research Institute in Semiochemistry and Applied Ethology, Quartier Salignan, 84400, Apt, France
| | - Manuel Mengoli
- IRSEA, Research Institute in Semiochemistry and Applied Ethology, Quartier Salignan, 84400, Apt, France
| | - Stéphane D Girard
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, NICN, Marseille, France.,Present address: Vect-Horus S.A.S., Faculté de Médecine Secteur Nord, CS80011, Boulevard Pierre Dramard, 13344, Marseille, Cedex 15, France
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17
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Ghazale H, Ramadan N, Mantash S, Zibara K, El-Sitt S, Darwish H, Chamaa F, Boustany RM, Mondello S, Abou-Kheir W, Soueid J, Kobeissy F. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) enhances the therapeutic potential of neonatal neural stem cell transplantation post-Traumatic brain injury. Behav Brain Res 2017; 340:1-13. [PMID: 29126932 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability worldwide with 1.5 million people inflicted yearly. Several neurotherapeutic interventions have been proposed including drug administration as well as cellular therapy involving neural stem cells (NSCs). Among the proposed drugs is docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a polyunsaturated fatty acid, exhibiting neuroprotective properties. In this study, we utilized an innovative intervention of neonatal NSCs transplantation in combination with DHA injections in order to ameliorate brain damage and promote functional recovery in an experimental model of TBI. Thus, NSCs derived from the subventricular zone of neonatal pups were cultured into neurospheres and transplanted in the cortex of an experimentally controlled cortical impact mouse model of TBI. The effect of NSC transplantation was assessed alone and/or in combination with DHA administration. Motor deficits were evaluated using pole climbing and rotarod tests. Using immunohistochemistry, the effect of transplanted NSCs and DHA treatment was used to assess astrocytic (Glial fibrillary acidic protein, GFAP) and microglial (ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule-1, IBA-1) activity. In addition, we quantified neuroblasts (doublecortin; DCX) and dopaminergic neurons (tyrosine hydroxylase; TH) expression levels. Combined NSC transplantation and DHA injections significantly attenuated TBI-induced motor function deficits (pole climbing test), promoted neurogenesis, coupled with an increase in glial reactivity at the cortical site of injury. In addition, the number of tyrosine hydroxylase positive neurons was found to increase markedly in the ventral tegmental area and substantia nigra in the combination therapy group. Immunoblotting analysis indicated that DHA+NSCs treated animals showed decreased levels of 38kDa GFAP-BDP (breakdown product) and 145kDa αII-spectrin SBDP indicative of attenuated calpain/caspase activation. These data demonstrate that prior treatment with DHA may be a desirable strategy to improve the therapeutic efficacy of NSC transplantation in TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein Ghazale
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon, Lebanon
| | - Naify Ramadan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon, Lebanon
| | - Sara Mantash
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon, Lebanon
| | - Kazem Zibara
- ER045, Laboratory of Stem Cells, DSST, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon; Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences-I, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sally El-Sitt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon, Lebanon
| | - Hala Darwish
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon, Lebanon
| | - Farah Chamaa
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rose Mary Boustany
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon, Lebanon; American University of Beirut Medical Center Special Kids Clinic, Neurogenetics Program and Division of Pediatric Neurology, Departments of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Stefania Mondello
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, A.O.U. "Policlinico G. Martino", Via Consolare Valeria, Messina, 98125, Italy
| | - Wassim Abou-Kheir
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Jihane Soueid
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon, Lebanon.
| | - Firas Kobeissy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon, Lebanon; Department of Psychiatry, Center for Neuroproteomics and Biomarkers Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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18
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Stem cell therapy for abrogating stroke-induced neuroinflammation and relevant secondary cell death mechanisms. Prog Neurobiol 2017; 158:94-131. [PMID: 28743464 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death worldwide. A key secondary cell death mechanism mediating neurological damage following the initial episode of ischemic stroke is the upregulation of endogenous neuroinflammatory processes to levels that destroy hypoxic tissue local to the area of insult, induce apoptosis, and initiate a feedback loop of inflammatory cascades that can expand the region of damage. Stem cell therapy has emerged as an experimental treatment for stroke, and accumulating evidence supports the therapeutic efficacy of stem cells to abrogate stroke-induced inflammation. In this review, we investigate clinically relevant stem cell types, such as hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), very small embryonic-like stem cells (VSELs), neural stem cells (NSCs), extraembryonic stem cells, adipose tissue-derived stem cells, breast milk-derived stem cells, menstrual blood-derived stem cells, dental tissue-derived stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), teratocarcinoma-derived Ntera2/D1 neuron-like cells (NT2N), c-mycER(TAM) modified NSCs (CTX0E03), and notch-transfected mesenchymal stromal cells (SB623), comparing their potential efficacy to sequester stroke-induced neuroinflammation and their feasibility as translational clinical cell sources. To this end, we highlight that MSCs, with a proven track record of safety and efficacy as a transplantable cell for hematologic diseases, stand as an attractive cell type that confers superior anti-inflammatory effects in stroke both in vitro and in vivo. That stem cells can mount a robust anti-inflammatory action against stroke complements the regenerative processes of cell replacement and neurotrophic factor secretion conventionally ascribed to cell-based therapy in neurological disorders.
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19
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Galgano M, Toshkezi G, Qiu X, Russell T, Chin L, Zhao LR. Traumatic Brain Injury: Current Treatment Strategies and Future Endeavors. Cell Transplant 2017; 26:1118-1130. [PMID: 28933211 PMCID: PMC5657730 DOI: 10.1177/0963689717714102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 293] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 10/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) presents in various forms ranging from mild alterations of consciousness to an unrelenting comatose state and death. In the most severe form of TBI, the entirety of the brain is affected by a diffuse type of injury and swelling. Treatment modalities vary extensively based on the severity of the injury and range from daily cognitive therapy sessions to radical surgery such as bilateral decompressive craniectomies. Guidelines have been set forth regarding the optimal management of TBI, but they must be taken in context of the situation and cannot be used in every individual circumstance. In this review article, we have summarized the current status of treatment for TBI in both clinical practice and basic research. We have put forth a brief overview of the various subtypes of traumatic injuries, optimal medical management, and both the noninvasive and invasive monitoring modalities, in addition to the surgical interventions necessary in particular instances. We have overviewed the main achievements in searching for therapeutic strategies of TBI in basic science. We have also discussed the future direction for developing TBI treatment from an experimental perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Galgano
- Department of Neurosurgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Gentian Toshkezi
- Department of Neurosurgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Xuecheng Qiu
- Department of Neurosurgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
- VA Health Care Upstate New York, Syracuse VA Medical Center, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Thomas Russell
- Department of Neurosurgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Lawrence Chin
- Department of Neurosurgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Li-Ru Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
- VA Health Care Upstate New York, Syracuse VA Medical Center, Syracuse, NY, USA
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20
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Effects of Neural Stem Cell and Olfactory Ensheathing Cell Co-transplants on Tissue Remodelling After Transient Focal Cerebral Ischemia in the Adult Rat. Neurochem Res 2017; 42:1599-1609. [PMID: 28120153 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-016-2098-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Effective transplant-mediated repair of ischemic brain lesions entails extensive tissue remodeling, especially in the ischemic core. Neural stem cells (NSCs) are promising reparative candidates for stroke induced lesions, however, their survival and integration with the host-tissue post-transplantation is poor. In this study, we address this challenge by testing whether co-grafting of NSCs with olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs), a special type of glia with proven neuroprotective, immunomodulatory, and angiogenic effects, can promote graft survival and host tissue remodelling. Transient focal cerebral ischemia was induced in adult rats by a 60-min middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) followed by reperfusion. Ischemic lesions were verified by neurological testing and magnetic resonance imaging. Transplantation into the globus pallidus of NSCs alone or in combination with OECs was performed at two weeks post-MCAo, followed by histological analyses at three weeks post-transplantation. We found evidence of extensive vascular remodelling in the ischemic core as well as evidence of NSC motility away from the graft and into the infarct border in severely lesioned animals co-grafted with OECs. These findings support a possible role of OECs as part of an in situ tissue engineering paradigm for transplant mediated repair of ischemic brain lesions.
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21
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Nicholls FJ, Liu JR, Modo M. A Comparison of Exogenous Labels for the Histological Identification of Transplanted Neural Stem Cells. Cell Transplant 2016; 26:625-645. [PMID: 27938486 DOI: 10.3727/096368916x693680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The interpretation of cell transplantation experiments is often dependent on the presence of an exogenous label for the identification of implanted cells. The exogenous labels Hoechst 33342, 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU), PKH26, and Qtracker were compared for their labeling efficiency, cellular effects, and reliability to identify a human neural stem cell (hNSC) line implanted intracerebrally into the rat brain. Hoechst 33342 (2 mg/ml) exhibited a delayed cytotoxicity that killed all cells within 7 days. This label was hence not progressed to in vivo studies. PKH26 (5 μM), Qtracker (15 nM), and BrdU (0.2 μM) labeled 100% of the cell population at day 1, although BrdU labeling declined by day 7. BrdU and Qtracker exerted effects on proliferation and differentiation. PKH26 reduced viability and proliferation at day 1, but this normalized by day 7. In an in vitro coculture assay, all labels transferred to unlabeled cells. After transplantation, the reliability of exogenous labels was assessed against the gold standard of a human-specific nuclear antigen (HNA) antibody. BrdU, PKH26, and Qtracker resulted in a very small proportion (<2%) of false positives, but a significant amount of false negatives (∼30%), with little change between 1 and 7 days. Exogenous labels can therefore be reliable to identify transplanted cells without exerting major cellular effects, but validation is required. The interpretation of cell transplantation experiments should be presented in the context of the label's limitations.
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22
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Song J, Li N, Xia Y, Gao Z, Zou SF, Kong L, Yao YJ, Jiao YN, Yan YH, Li SH, Tao ZY, Lian G, Yang JX, Kang TG. Arctigenin Treatment Protects against Brain Damage through an Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Apoptotic Mechanism after Needle Insertion. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:182. [PMID: 27445818 PMCID: PMC4916177 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Convection enhanced delivery (CED) infuses drugs directly into brain tissue. Needle insertion is required and results in a stab wound injury (SWI). Subsequent secondary injury involves the release of inflammatory and apoptotic cytokines, which have dramatic consequences on the integrity of damaged tissue, leading to the evolution of a pericontusional-damaged area minutes to days after in the initial injury. The present study investigated the capacity for arctigenin (ARC) to prevent secondary brain injury and the determination of the underlying mechanism of action in a mouse model of SWI that mimics the process of CED. After CED, mice received a gavage of ARC from 30 min to 14 days. Neurological severity scores (NSS) and wound closure degree were assessed after the injury. Histological analysis and immunocytochemistry were used to evaluated the extent of brain damage and neuroinflammation. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) was used to detect universal apoptosis. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) was used to test the inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) content. Gene levels of inflammation (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10) and apoptosis (Caspase-3, Bax and Bcl-2) were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Using these, we analyzed ARC’s efficacy and mechanism of action. Results: ARC treatment improved neurological function by reducing brain water content and hematoma and accelerating wound closure relative to untreated mice. ARC treatment reduced the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 and the number of allograft inflammatory factor (IBA)- and myeloperoxidase (MPO)-positive cells and increased the levels of IL-10. ARC-treated mice had fewer TUNEL+ apoptotic neurons and activated caspase-3-positive neurons surrounding the lesion than controls, indicating increased neuronal survival. Conclusions: ARC treatment confers neuroprotection of brain tissue through anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects in a mouse model of SWI. These results suggest a new strategy for promoting neuronal survival and function after CED to improve long-term patient outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Song
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Dalian, China
| | - Na Li
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Dalian, China
| | - Yang Xia
- Department of Engineering, St. Cross College, University of Oxford Oxford, UK
| | - Zhong Gao
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Dalian, China
| | - Sa-Feng Zou
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Dalian, China
| | - Liang Kong
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Dalian, China
| | - Ying-Jia Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Dalian, China
| | - Ya-Nan Jiao
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Dalian, China
| | - Yu-Hui Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Dalian, China
| | - Shao-Heng Li
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Dalian, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Tao
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Dalian, China
| | - Guan Lian
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Dalian, China
| | - Jing-Xian Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Dalian, China
| | - Ting-Guo Kang
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Dalian, China
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Sen T, Sen N. Treatment with an activator of hypoxia-inducible factor 1, DMOG provides neuroprotection after traumatic brain injury. Neuropharmacology 2016; 107:79-88. [PMID: 26970014 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the major cause of morbidity and mortality and it affects more than 1.7 million people in the USA. A couple of regenerative pathways including activation of hypoxia-inducible transcription factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) are initiated to reduce cellular damage following TBI; however endogenous activation of these pathways is not enough to provide neuroprotection after TBI. Thus we aimed to see whether sustained activation of HIF-1α can provide neuroprotection and neurorepair following TBI. We found that chronic treatment with dimethyloxaloylglycine (DMOG) markedly increases the expression level of HIF-1α and mRNA levels of its downstream proteins such as Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1 and 4 (PDK1, PDK4) and Erythropoietin (EPO). Treatment of DMOG activates a major cell survival protein kinase Akt and reduces both cell death and lesion volume following TBI. Moreover, administration of DMOG augments cluster of differentiation 31 (CD31) staining in pericontusional cortex after TBI, which suggests that DMOG stimulates angiogenesis after TBI. Treatment with DMOG also improves both memory and motor functions after TBI. Taken together our results suggest that sustained activation of HIF-1α provides significant neuroprotection following TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanusree Sen
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Augusta University, United States; Department of Veterinary Biosciences & Diagnostic Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Georgia, United States
| | - Nilkantha Sen
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Augusta University, United States.
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24
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Aertker BM, Bedi S, Cox CS. Strategies for CNS repair following TBI. Exp Neurol 2016; 275 Pt 3:411-426. [DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2015.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Revised: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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25
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Vainshtein A, Veenman L, Shterenberg A, Singh S, Masarwa A, Dutta B, Island B, Tsoglin E, Levin E, Leschiner S, Maniv I, Pe’er L, Otradnov I, Zubedat S, Aga-Mizrachi S, Weizman A, Avital A, Marek I, Gavish M. Quinazoline-based tricyclic compounds that regulate programmed cell death, induce neuronal differentiation, and are curative in animal models for excitotoxicity and hereditary brain disease. Cell Death Discov 2015; 1:15027. [PMID: 27551459 PMCID: PMC4979516 DOI: 10.1038/cddiscovery.2015.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Expanding on a quinazoline scaffold, we developed tricyclic compounds with biological activity. These compounds bind to the 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO) and protect U118MG (glioblastoma cell line of glial origin) cells from glutamate-induced cell death. Fascinating, they can induce neuronal differentiation of PC12 cells (cell line of pheochromocytoma origin with neuronal characteristics) known to display neuronal characteristics, including outgrowth of neurites, tubulin expression, and NeuN (antigen known as 'neuronal nuclei', also known as Rbfox3) expression. As part of the neurodifferentiation process, they can amplify cell death induced by glutamate. Interestingly, the compound 2-phenylquinazolin-4-yl dimethylcarbamate (MGV-1) can induce expansive neurite sprouting on its own and also in synergy with nerve growth factor and with glutamate. Glycine is not required, indicating that N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors are not involved in this activity. These diverse effects on cells of glial origin and on cells with neuronal characteristics induced in culture by this one compound, MGV-1, as reported in this article, mimic the diverse events that take place during embryonic development of the brain (maintenance of glial integrity, differentiation of progenitor cells to mature neurons, and weeding out of non-differentiating progenitor cells). Such mechanisms are also important for protective, curative, and restorative processes that occur during and after brain injury and brain disease. Indeed, we found in a rat model of systemic kainic acid injection that MGV-1 can prevent seizures, counteract the process of ongoing brain damage, including edema, and restore behavior defects to normal patterns. Furthermore, in the R6-2 (transgenic mouse model for Huntington disease; Strain name: B6CBA-Tg(HDexon1)62Gpb/3J) transgenic mouse model for Huntington disease, derivatives of MGV-1 can increase lifespan by >20% and reduce incidence of abnormal movements. Also in vitro, these derivatives were more effective than MGV-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vainshtein
- Department of Neuroscience, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Rappaport Family Institute for Research in the Medical Sciences, Haifa, Israel
| | - L Veenman
- Department of Neuroscience, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Rappaport Family Institute for Research in the Medical Sciences, Haifa, Israel
| | - A Shterenberg
- Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, The Mallat Family Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Haifa, Israel
| | - S Singh
- Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, The Mallat Family Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Haifa, Israel
| | - A Masarwa
- Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, The Mallat Family Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Haifa, Israel
| | - B Dutta
- Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, The Mallat Family Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Haifa, Israel
| | - B Island
- Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, The Mallat Family Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Haifa, Israel
| | - E Tsoglin
- Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, The Mallat Family Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Haifa, Israel
| | - E Levin
- Department of Neuroscience, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Rappaport Family Institute for Research in the Medical Sciences, Haifa, Israel
| | - S Leschiner
- Department of Neuroscience, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Rappaport Family Institute for Research in the Medical Sciences, Haifa, Israel
| | - I Maniv
- Department of Neuroscience, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Rappaport Family Institute for Research in the Medical Sciences, Haifa, Israel
| | - L Pe’er
- Department of Neuroscience, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Rappaport Family Institute for Research in the Medical Sciences, Haifa, Israel
| | - I Otradnov
- Department of Neuroscience, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Rappaport Family Institute for Research in the Medical Sciences, Haifa, Israel
| | - S Zubedat
- Department of Physiology, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, The Behavioral Neuroscience Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Emek Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - S Aga-Mizrachi
- Department of Physiology, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, The Behavioral Neuroscience Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Emek Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - A Weizman
- Tel Aviv University, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, The Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Geha Mental Health Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - A Avital
- Department of Physiology, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, The Behavioral Neuroscience Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Emek Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - I Marek
- Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, The Mallat Family Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Haifa, Israel
| | - M Gavish
- Department of Neuroscience, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Rappaport Family Institute for Research in the Medical Sciences, Haifa, Israel
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Zhao H, Yang BL, Liu ZX, Yu Q, Zhang WJ, Yuan K, Zeng HH, Zhu GC, Liu DM, Li Q. Microencapsulation improves inhibitory effects of transplanted olfactory ensheathing cells on pain after sciatic nerve injury. Neural Regen Res 2015; 10:1332-7. [PMID: 26487865 PMCID: PMC4590250 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.162769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Olfactory bulb tissue transplantation inhibits P2X2/3 receptor-mediated neuropathic pain. However, the olfactory bulb has a complex cellular composition, and the mechanism underlying the action of purified transplanted olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) remains unclear. In the present study, we microencapsulated OECs in alginic acid, and transplanted free and microencapsulated OECs into the region surrounding the injured sciatic nerve in rat models of chronic constriction injury. We assessed mechanical nociception in the rat models 7 and 14 days after surgery by measuring paw withdrawal threshold, and examined P2X2/3 receptor expression in L4–5 dorsal root ganglia using immunohistochemistry. Rats that received free and microencapsulated OEC transplants showed greater withdrawal thresholds than untreated model rats, and weaker P2X2/3 receptor immunoreactivity in dorsal root ganglia. At 14 days, paw withdrawal threshold was much higher in the microencapsulated OEC-treated animals. Our results confirm that microencapsulated OEC transplantation suppresses P2X2/3 receptor expression in L4–5 dorsal root ganglia in rat models of neuropathic pain and reduces allodynia, and also suggest that transplantation of microencapsulated OECs is more effective than transplantation of free OECs for the treatment of neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhao
- Department of Anatomy, Basic Medical School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China ; Medical Department, Graduate School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Bao-Lin Yang
- Department of Anatomy, Basic Medical School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Zeng-Xu Liu
- Department of Anatomy, Basic Medical School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Qing Yu
- Library, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Wen-Jun Zhang
- Medical Department, Graduate School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Keng Yuan
- Medical Office, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Hui-Hong Zeng
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Basic Medical School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Gao-Chun Zhu
- Department of Anatomy, Basic Medical School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - De-Ming Liu
- Department of Anatomy, Basic Medical School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Qing Li
- Medical Department, Graduate School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
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Xia Y, Kong L, Yao Y, Jiao Y, Song J, Tao Z, You Z, Yang J. Osthole confers neuroprotection against cortical stab wound injury and attenuates secondary brain injury. J Neuroinflammation 2015; 12:155. [PMID: 26337552 PMCID: PMC4559066 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-015-0373-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neuroendoscopy is an innovative technique for neurosurgery that can nonetheless result in traumatic brain injury. The accompanying neuroinflammation may lead to secondary tissue damage, which is the major cause of delayed neuronal death after surgery. The present study investigated the capacity of osthole to prevent secondary brain injury and the underlying mechanism of action in a mouse model of stab wound injury. Methods A mouse model of cortical stab wound injury was established by inserting a needle into the cerebral cortex for 20 min to mimic neuroendoscopy. Mice received an intraperitoneal injection of osthole 30 min after surgery and continued for 14 days. Neurological severity was evaluated 12 h and up to 21 days after the trauma. Brains were collected 3–21 days post-injury for histological analysis, immunocytochemistry, quantitative real-time PCR, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Results Neurological function improved in mice treated with osthole and was accompanied by reduced brain water content and accelerated wound closure relative to untreated mice. Osthole treatment reduced the number of macrophages/microglia and peripheral infiltrating of neutrophils and lowered the level of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor α in the lesioned cortex. Osthole-treated mice had fewer TUNEL+ apoptotic neurons surrounding the lesion than controls, indicating increased neuronal survival. Conclusions Osthole reduced secondary brain damage by suppressing inflammation and apoptosis in a mouse model of stab wound injury. These results suggest a new strategy for promoting neuronal survival and function after neurosurgery to improve long-term patient outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xia
- Department of Engineering, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3LZ, UK.
| | - Liang Kong
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, 116600, China.
| | - Yingjia Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, 116600, China.
| | - Yanan Jiao
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, 116600, China.
| | - Jie Song
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, 116600, China.
| | - Zhenyu Tao
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, 116600, China.
| | - Zhong You
- Department of Engineering, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3LZ, UK.
| | - Jingxian Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, 116600, China.
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28
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Cheng T, Yang B, Li D, Ma S, Tian Y, Qu R, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Hu K, Guan F, Wang J. Wharton's Jelly Transplantation Improves Neurologic Function in a Rat Model of Traumatic Brain Injury. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2015; 35:641-9. [PMID: 25638565 PMCID: PMC4481175 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-015-0159-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI), which can lead to disability, dysfunction, and even death, is a prominent health problem worldwide. Effective therapy for this serious and debilitating condition is needed. Human umbilical cord matrix, known as Wharton's jelly (WJ), provides a natural, interface scaffold that is enriched in mesenchymal stem cells. In this study, we tested the efficacy of WJ tissue transplantation in a weight-drop model of TBI in rats. WJ tissue was cultured and transplanted into the injury site 24 h after TBI. The modified neurologic severity score, body weight, brain edema, and lesion volume were evaluated at various time points after TBI. Cognitive behavior was assessed by the novel object recognition test and the Morris water maze test. Expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the perilesional brain area was measured at day 14 after TBI. We found that WJ tissue transplantation lessened TBI-induced brain edema (day 3), reduced lesion volume (day 28), improved neurologic function (days 21-28), and promoted memory and cognitive recovery. Additionally, expression of BDNF mRNA and protein was higher in WJ tissue-treated rats than in sham-operated or vehicle-treated rats. These data suggest that WJ tissue transplantation can reduce TBI-induced brain injury and may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Cheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 45000, P. R.China
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Bo Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 45000, P. R.China
| | - Dongpeng Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 45000, P. R.China
| | - Shanshan Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 45000, P.R.China
| | - Yi Tian
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 45000, P. R.China
| | - Ruina Qu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 45000, P.R.China
| | - Wenjin Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 45000, P. R.China
| | - Yanting Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 45000, P.R.China
| | - Kai Hu
- Henan Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan450003, P.R.China
| | - Fangxia Guan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 45000, P. R.China
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 45000, P.R.China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
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29
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Kochanek PM, Jackson TC, Ferguson NM, Carlson SW, Simon DW, Brockman EC, Ji J, Bayir H, Poloyac SM, Wagner AK, Kline AE, Empey PE, Clark RS, Jackson EK, Dixon CE. Emerging therapies in traumatic brain injury. Semin Neurol 2015; 35:83-100. [PMID: 25714870 PMCID: PMC4356170 DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1544237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Despite decades of basic and clinical research, treatments to improve outcomes after traumatic brain injury (TBI) are limited. However, based on the recent recognition of the prevalence of mild TBI, and its potential link to neurodegenerative disease, many new and exciting secondary injury mechanisms have been identified and several new therapies are being evaluated targeting both classic and novel paradigms. This includes a robust increase in both preclinical and clinical investigations. Using a mechanism-based approach the authors define the targets and emerging therapies for TBI. They address putative new therapies for TBI across both the spectrum of injury severity and the continuum of care, from the field to rehabilitation. They discussTBI therapy using 11 categories, namely, (1) excitotoxicity and neuronal death, (2) brain edema, (3) mitochondria and oxidative stress, (4) axonal injury, (5) inflammation, (6) ischemia and cerebral blood flow dysregulation, (7) cognitive enhancement, (8) augmentation of endogenous neuroprotection, (9) cellular therapies, (10) combination therapy, and (11) TBI resuscitation. The current golden age of TBI research represents a special opportunity for the development of breakthroughs in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick M. Kochanek
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Travis C. Jackson
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Nikki Miller Ferguson
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Shaun W. Carlson
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Departmentol Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Dennis W. Simon
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Erik C. Brockman
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jing Ji
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Hülya Bayir
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Samuel M. Poloyac
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Amy K. Wagner
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Anthony E. Kline
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Philip E. Empey
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Robert S.B. Clark
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Edwin K. Jackson
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - C. Edward Dixon
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Departmentol Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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Inhibition of p21-activated kinase 1 by IPA-3 attenuates secondary injury after traumatic brain injury in mice. Brain Res 2014; 1585:13-22. [PMID: 25148711 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Revised: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The p21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1) is up-regulated in the brain following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Inhibition of PAK1 has been found to alleviate brain edema in a rat model of subarachnoid hemorrhage. Suppressing PAK1 activity might represent a novel therapeutics of attenuating secondary injury following TBI. Here we confirmed that the mRNA and protein levels of PAK1 and the protein level of p-PAK1 were significantly increased after inducing TBI in mice via M.A. Flierl's weight-drop model. A single intraperitoneal administration of IPA-3, a specific PAK1 inhibitor, immediately after TBI significantly reduced the protein level of p-PAK1, cleaved caspase-3 level, the number of apoptotic cells at the lesion sites of TBI mice. It also reduced brain water content and the blood-brain barrier permeability in TBI mice. Furthermore, the administration of IPA-3 significantly reduced the neurological severity score and increased the grip test score in TBI mice. Taken together, we demonstrate that PAK1 inhibition by IPA-3 may attenuate the secondary injury following TBI, suggesting it might be a promising neuroprotective strategy for preventing the development of secondary injury after TBI.
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