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Acosta AM, McKenney JK, Sholl LM, Dickson BC, Matoso A, Lu H, Jo VY, Collins K, Ulbright TM, Fletcher CDM. Molecular assessment of paratesticular rhabdomyomas demonstrates recurrent findings, including a novel H3C2 p.K37I mutation. Mod Pathol 2022; 35:1921-1928. [PMID: 35842480 DOI: 10.1038/s41379-022-01134-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Rhabdomyomas are benign tumors with skeletal muscle differentiation that are broadly divided into cardiac and extracardiac types. The latter demonstrate a predilection for head and neck and genital locations and are further subclassified into adult-type rhabdomyoma (ATRM), fetal-type rhabdomyoma (FTRM) and genital rhabdomyoma (GRM). Most extracardiac rhabdomyomas that arise in paratesticular tissues have a somewhat distinctive morphology and have been termed sclerosing rhabdomyomas (SRM). Therefore, we hypothesized that these tumors may harbor recurrent genetic alterations. In this study, we assessed 15 paratesticular rhabdomyomas (11 initially classified as SRM, 2 cellular FTRM and 2 ATRM) using massively parallel DNA and RNA sequencing. Five of 14 successfully sequenced cases harbored a novel H3C2 p.K37I mutation (4 SRM and 1 ATRM). This mutation replaced a highly conserved lysine residue that is a target for epigenetic modifications and plays a role in regulation of DNA replication. Moreover, 4 tumors (2 cellular FTRM, 1 case initially diagnosed as SRM and 1 ATRM) had complex copy number profiles characterized by numerous chromosome-level and arm-level copy number gains, consistent with a ploidy shift. Rereview of the SRM with copy number gains demonstrated that it was significantly more cellular and had a more prominent fascicular architecture than the rest of the SRMs included in this series. Therefore, it was retrospectively reclassified as a cellular FTRM. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that paratesticular rhabdomyomas harbor recurrent somatic H3C2 p.K37I mutations and ploidy shifts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andres M Acosta
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Jesse K McKenney
- Department of Pathology, Robert J. Tomsich Institute of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Lynette M Sholl
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brendan C Dickson
- Department of Pathology, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Andres Matoso
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Haiyan Lu
- Department of Pathology, Robert J. Tomsich Institute of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Vickie Y Jo
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Katrina Collins
- Department of Pathology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Thomas M Ulbright
- Department of Pathology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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S-100 Immunohistochemical Positivity in Rhabdomyoma: An Underestimated Potential Diagnostic Pitfall in Routine Practice. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12040892. [PMID: 35453940 PMCID: PMC9030831 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12040892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A 66-year-old man presented with a 2.8 cm lesion of the left vocal cord. On contrast-enhanced computed tomography scans, the tumor extended to the supraglottis, subglottis, paraglottic space and anterior commissure, causing partial obstruction of the laryngeal lumen. At another hospital, a fragmented incisional biopsy was diagnosed as a granular cell tumor, as to the S-100 immunohistochemical positivity. After excision, the tumor revealed to be an adult-type laryngeal rhabdomyoma. The typical cytoplasmic rod-like inclusions and cross striations were more evident in the second specimen. We confirmed the unusual S-100 immunohistochemical positivity (variable intensity, >90% of tumor cells). Muscle markers were not performed on the previous biopsy, resulting positive in our specimen (Desmin: strong, diffuse expression; Smooth Muscle Actin: strong staining in 10% of tumor cells). Melan-A, CD68, GFAP, pan-cytokeratins, CEA, calretinin and neurofilaments resulted negative. To our brief, systematic literature review, S-100 positivity (usually variable, often weak or patchy/focal) was globally found in 19/34 (56%) adult-type rhabdomyomas of the head and neck region. Especially on fragmented biopsy material, the differential diagnoses of laryngeal rhabdomyomas may include granular cell tumors, oncocytic tumors of the salivary glands or of different origin, and paragangliomas.
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Case Report and Review of the Literature of a Rare Entity of a Uterine Fibroid: A Genital Rhabdomyoma. Int J Gynecol Pathol 2021; 40:97-101. [PMID: 31851059 DOI: 10.1097/pgp.0000000000000660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Extracardiac rhabdomyomas are rare benign tumors. According to histopathologic and clinical characteristics, they are divided into 3 subgroups: adult, fetal, and genital rhabdomyomas. Various adult extracardiac rhabdomyomas have been reported in the head and neck region, whereas genital rhabdomyomas are uncommon. Here, we report on a uterine genital rhabdomyoma in a 32-yr-old woman with secondary sterility. After myomectomy, the histopathologic analysis showed a slow cycling tumor with striated muscle differentiation and without any evidence of malignancy. Immunohistochemical staining proved coexpression of actin, caldesmon, and desmin. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of a uterine-based genital rhabdomyoma.
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Wang W, Gu YY, Dong YH, Wang JG, Lin DL, Luo CJ, Zhang L, Ji XB, Wang Y. Rhabdomyoma of the pleura: a case report. J Thorac Dis 2019; 10:E793-E795. [PMID: 30746255 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2018.11.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Pathology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266555, China
| | - Ying-Ying Gu
- The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Yu-Hong Dong
- Department of Liver Disease, the Sixth People's Hospital of Qingdao, Qingdao 266555, China
| | - Ji-Gang Wang
- Department of Pathology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266555, China
| | - Dong-Liang Lin
- Department of Pathology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266555, China
| | - Cong-Juan Luo
- Department of Nephrology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266555, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Pathology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266555, China
| | - Xiao-Bin Ji
- Department of Pathology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266555, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Pathology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266555, China
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Quijano Moreno SL, Lozano Salazar AD, Del Mar Berenguel Ibáñez M, Reina Duarte Á, Gonzales Campora R. "Sclerosing" Pelvic Floor Rhabdomyoma. Int J Surg Pathol 2015; 24:159-62. [PMID: 26519526 DOI: 10.1177/1066896915614895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This article reports on a sclerosing perineal-perianal rhabdomyoma in an adult woman. A review of the literature disclosed no reference to this histological form of rhabdomyoma in women. METHODS AND RESULTS We describe the case of a 48-year-old woman. At physical examination, a firm nodular lesion was identified in the left lateral perianal-perineal region. Histologically, it comprised rounded and elongated muscle fibers displaying no evident atypia, within a stroma exhibiting marked sclerosis and mild lymphoid infiltrate. At immunohistochemical examination, tumor cells stained for desmin, muscle-specific actin, and myogenin. CONCLUSIONS Skeletal muscle rhabdomyomas are rare benign tumors, generally divided into 3 major categories depending on their clinical and morphological characteristics: fetal, adult, and genital. An unusual histological variant of the genital form has recently been reported in men, characterized by the presence of predominantly mature muscle fibers and marked sclerosis. We document such a lesion in a female patient for the first time.
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Zheng L, Tang H, Chen X, Yang H, Yang M. Paratesticular Fetal-type Rhabdomyoma in a 12-Year-Old Boy: A Case Report and Literature Review. Urology 2013; 82:1150-2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2013.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2012] [Revised: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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