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Berkarda Z, Kuvendjiska J, Bamberg F, Kotter E. Ectopic pancreas tissue in the posterior mediastinum. J Cardiothorac Surg 2024; 19:184. [PMID: 38582893 PMCID: PMC10998290 DOI: 10.1186/s13019-024-02698-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of ectopic pancreas in the mediastinum is rare. Herein, we report a 22-year-old female who presented with right shoulder pain, dysphagia, fever and headaches. Chest computer tomography revealed a mass in the posterior mediastinum with accompanying signs of acute mediastinitis. Needle biopsy and fine-needle aspiration revealed ectopic gastral tissue and ectopic pancreas tissue, respectively. Surgical resection was attempted due to recurring acute pancreatitis episodes. However, due to chronic-inflammatory adhesions of the mass to the tracheal wall, en-bloc resection was not possible without major tracheal resection. Since then, recurring pancreatitis episodes have been treated conservatively with antibiotics. We report this case due to its differing clinical and radiological findings in comparison to previous case reports, none of which pertained a case of ectopic pancreas tissue in the posterior mediastinum with recurring acute pancreatitis and mediastinitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Berkarda
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Jasmina Kuvendjiska
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Fabian Bamberg
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Elmar Kotter
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Kawaguchi S, Murakami A, Nishida M. Duodenal Heterotopic Pancreas with a Large Retention Cyst: A Case Report and Literature Review. Intern Med 2023; 62:723-727. [PMID: 35871586 PMCID: PMC10037013 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.0227-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
A 75-year-old man was referred to our hospital with a suspected pancreatic cyst. Imaging tests revealed a 3-cm cystic lesion located ventrally in the duodenal bulbus, which was suspected to be a duplication cyst with its muscularis propria contiguous to that of the duodenum. One year later, the cyst grew to 6 cm due to intracystic hemorrhaging; therefore, surgery was performed. Histopathology revealed a heterotopic pancreas (HP) in the duodenal wall. The diagnosis was a large, non-malignant retention cyst. Inflammation due to impaired outflow of pancreatic juice from the HP was identified as the cause of cyst enlargement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Kawaguchi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shizuoka General Hospital, Japan
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Dolzhanskij OV, Gurevich LE, Bazarov DV. [Mature teratoma of the anterior mediastinum with a predominance of the pancreatic component and signs of focal nesidioblastosis]. Arkh Patol 2022; 84:52-59. [PMID: 35639844 DOI: 10.17116/patol20228403152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A case of a mature anterior mediastinal teratoma with a predominance of the pancreatic component (80% of the tumor) and signs of nesidioblastosis in a 46-year-old woman is presented. During histological examination, all components of the pancreatic parenchyma were determined - acini with interlobular and intralobular ducts, endocrine cells and islets of Langerhans of various sizes and shapes, as well as islet-duct complexes scattered in the acinar tissue. In addition to pancreatic tissue, cartilage, bronchial respiratory epithelium, small intestine tissue, hair follicles, and sebaceous glands were found in the neoplasm. Immunohistochemical examination revealed signs of focal nesidioblastosis. In the islets, insulin-positive β-cells (80.0% of the volume of the islets), as well as endocrine cells expressing glucagon and somatostatin (10.0% of the volume of the islets) were determined. By 2020, only 4 such cases have been published in the English-language literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- O V Dolzhanskij
- B.V. Petrovsky Russian Research Center of Surgery, Moscow, Russia
| | - L E Gurevich
- Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - D V Bazarov
- B.V. Petrovsky Russian Research Center of Surgery, Moscow, Russia
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Stewart BD, VandenBussche CJ, Leon ME. Benign lesions of the mediastinum: A review with emphasis on cytology and small biopsy specimens. Semin Diagn Pathol 2020; 37:199-210. [PMID: 32534865 DOI: 10.1053/j.semdp.2020.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
This review focuses on the diagnosis of select benign processes, ranging from reactive entities to heterotopic tissues to neoplasms, which may occur in the mediastinum. Currently, the mediastinum can be evaluated and biopsied with endoscopic procedures. Therefore, cytopathology specimens, fine needle aspirations, and small biopsies play an important role in the diagnosis of these lesions. In this review, an emphasis is given to relevant clinical presentations, histologic and cytologic findings, differential diagnoses, ancillary testing, and interpretation. Pitfalls are reviewed and discussed in each section. It is important for both surgical pathologists and cytopathologists to be familiar with these entities and their cytologic and histologic features that may be helpful in reaching a diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian D Stewart
- University of Florida College of Medicine Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine P.O. Box 100275 1600 SW Archer Road Gainesville, FL 32610-0275.
| | - Christopher J VandenBussche
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, 600 N. Wolfe Street Baltimore, MD 21287
| | - Marino E Leon
- University of Florida College of Medicine Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine P.O. Box 100275 1600 SW Archer Road Gainesville, FL 32610-0275
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Njem JM, Ugwu B, Collins J, Emmanuel I, Philip OA, Awodi J. Aberrant pancreatic tissue in a giant mediastinal cyst: an uncommon entity. J Cardiothorac Surg 2019; 14:134. [PMID: 31286963 PMCID: PMC6615225 DOI: 10.1186/s13019-019-0955-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Heterotopia of pancreatic tissue in the thorax and mediastinum is uncommon, although, a common developmental anomaly in the gastrointestinal tract where the aberrant tissue is a component of gastrointestinal duplication cysts, intralobular pulmonary sequestration or teratomas. Case presentation We report a case of an ectopic pancreas located in a giant mediastinal cyst in a 2-year old girl who presented with severe dyspnoea due to external compression of the intra-thoracic structures, mainly the right main bronchus. Surgical resection was carried out with complete relief of symptoms. The cyst was confirmed histopathologically to contain pancreatic tissue. Literature review showed that this is an uncommon presentation hence the need to report the case. Conclusion Heterotopia of the pancreas although, an uncommon occurrence in the thorax and mediastinum, should be considered when dealing with cystic lesions of the mediastinum and surgery plays an important role in its management. Trial registration JUTH/DCS/ADM/127/XXV/203. Registered 2nd September 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josiah Miner Njem
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria.
| | - Benjamin Ugwu
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria
| | - John Collins
- Department of Paediatrics, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Innocent Emmanuel
- Department of Pathology & Morbid Anatomy, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Ojile Akpa Philip
- Department of Pathology & Morbid Anatomy, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria
| | - John Awodi
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria
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Zhao H, Zhang Z, Li X, Liu J, Zhang H, Chen G, Chen J. Resection of anterior mediastinal ectopic pancreas by right thoracoscopy: A case report. Mol Clin Oncol 2019; 11:147-150. [PMID: 31316773 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2019.1878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Ectopic pancreas is uncommon in the anterior mediastinum. Herein, a 32-year-old woman presented to our institution for investigation of an abnormal mediastinal shadow on chest computed tomography. The patient underwent complete surgical resection of the anterior mediastinal mass by right thoracoscopy, and the postoperative pathology examination confirmed the diagnosis of ectopic pancreas. There were no clinical signs of pancreatitis. No recurrence or metastasis was observed during a follow-up period of 3 years. English language medical literature was also searched in order to identify other case reports describing this rare condition and identified 17 papers describing 20 cases of anterior mediastinal ectopic pancreas, which were all confirmed at surgery. All clinical characteristics in these cases were reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglin Zhao
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Heping, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Zihe Zhang
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Heping, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Heping, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Jinghao Liu
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Heping, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Hongbing Zhang
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Heping, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Heping, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Heping, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
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Grudzińska E, Pilch-Kowalczyk J, Kuśnierz K. Pancreaticopleural and pancreaticomediastinal fistula extending to the cervical region, with dysphagia as initial symptom: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e14233. [PMID: 30702580 PMCID: PMC6380760 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000014233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Pancreaticopleural and pancreaticomediastinal fistulas are rare complications of pancreatitis. They are often misdiagnosed and there are no strict guidelines of treatment. In this study, we present a brief report of a combined pancreaticopleural and pancreaticomediastinal fistula extending to the cervical region, causing dysphagia and cervical swelling as initial symptoms. PATIENT CONCERNS A 36-year-old female with history of alcohol abuse and pancreatitis presented progressing dysphagia and mild dyspnea on admission. DIAGNOSIS Chest X-ray and chest and abdominal computed tomography scan (CT) indicated pancreaticopleural fistula combined with pancreaticomediastinal fistula, a diagnosis confirmed by high amylase levels in pleural fluid. INTERVENTIONS Conservative treatment was administered and ERCP was performed but pancreatic duct stenting was impossible. The patient presented rapid anterior cervical swelling with progressing dysphagia and dyspnea. CT showed fistula penetration to the cervical region. The patient underwent urgent surgery and pancreaticojejunal anastomosis was performed. OUTCOMES The surgery led to recovery. Six months later, the patient reported good health and weight gain. LESSONS Coexistence of pancreaticopleural and pancreaticomediastinal fistula with cervical penetration is an extremely rare pancreatitis complication. It presents with dysphagia and anterior cervical swelling as initial symptoms. It is important to consider this complication in all patients with history of pancreatitis, presenting with dysphagia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Grudzińska
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Joanna Pilch-Kowalczyk
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Diagnostic Imaging, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kuśnierz
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
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Halder P, Mandal KC, Debnath B, Mukherjee S. Isolated Mediastinal Pseudocyst of the Pancreas. Indian Pediatr 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13312-018-1327-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Mediastinal Ectopic Pancreas with Abundant Endocrine Cells Coexisting with Mediastinal Cyst and Thymic Hyperplasia. Case Rep Pathol 2018; 2018:8270516. [PMID: 29977637 PMCID: PMC5994262 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8270516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mediastinal ectopic pancreas is a rare condition with only 28 cases reported in the literature. Here we report a 21-year-old female patient who presented with dyspnea and intermittent severe chest pain of 7 years' duration. Computerized tomography scan (CT-scan) of the chest revealed a mediastinal cyst. The cyst was resected and it demonstrated on histopathological examination the presence of pancreatic tissue with increased number of islets of Langerhans, coexistent with mediastinal cyst and thymic hyperplasia. We made a review of all previously reported cases of this entity.
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Guo Z, Zhao C, Wang Z. Retraction Note: Gene expression profiles analysis identifies key genes for acute lung injury in patients with sepsis. Diagn Pathol 2015; 10:51. [PMID: 25967107 PMCID: PMC4429344 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-015-0237-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Grus T, Trca S, Lambert L, Grusova G, Kovacova Z. Extensive pancreatic heterotopia in distal esophagus mimicking esophageal malignancy. Eur Surg 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10353-015-0326-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Koh HM, Chang JW, Jeong SY, Hyun CL, Kim YS, Jang BG, Maeng YH. Ectopic Pancreas Presenting as a Solid Mediastinal Mass. Int J Surg Pathol 2015. [DOI: 10.1177/1066896915596810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Ectopic pancreas is a well-known developmental anomaly found in approximately 2% of all autopsies, frequently in the gastrointestinal tract. Mediastinal pancreatic ectopia is very rare; only a few cases have been described in the English-language literature. According to previous reports, the pancreatic tissue is detected in the cyst wall or appears as small solid components of cystic masses within the anterior mediastinum. In this report, we present a case of ectopic pancreas appearing as a large solid mass in the anterior mediastinum of a 17-year-old male patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Min Koh
- Department of Pathology, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Jee Won Chang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Sun Young Jeong
- Department of Radiology, Jeju National University School of Medicine, jeju, Korea
| | - Chang Lim Hyun
- Department of Pathology, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Young Sill Kim
- Department of Pathology, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Bo Geun Jang
- Department of Pathology, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Young Hee Maeng
- Department of Pathology, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
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Wu SG, Li Y, Li B, Tian XY, Li Z. Unusual combined thymic mucoepidermoid carcinoma and thymoma: a case report and review of literature. Diagn Pathol 2014; 9:8. [PMID: 24444077 PMCID: PMC3938068 DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-9-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In rare condition, combined thymic epithelial tumors showing either type A or type B thymomas areas combined with thymic carcinoma components may occur in thymus. Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) of the thymus is rare in thymic carcinoma, and so far there is no report to describe a combined epithelial tumor of thymus with MEC component. We report an unusual case of combined thymic MEC/type B2 thymoma in a middle-aged male occurring in a mass of anterior mediastinum. CASE REPORT A 51-year-old Chinese male patient presented with a 6-month history of right ptosis and progressive muscle weakness. Computed tomography (CT) examination revealed a solitary, well-circumscribed mass was in the anterior mediastinum with mild heterogeneous enhancement. Histologically, the mass contained two separated components and displayed typically histological features of low-grade MEC and type B2 thymoma, respectively. There was no gradual transition of these two components observed in mass, and no enlarged lymph node was found in the surrounding tissues. A diagnosis of combined thymic MEC/type B2 thymoma was made. The patient received thymectomy to resect the mass totally. After surgery, chemotherapy with regiments of cisplatin and mitomycin, and radiotherapy of the main tumor bed were performed on the patient. There was no evidence of tumor recurrence during the period of 12 months follow-up. CONCLUSION To our best knowledge, this is the first report of combined thymic epithelial tumor with MEC component. Although this tumor is rare, the diagnosis of a thymic MEC should be taken into consideration when a combined epithelial tumor is occasionally encountered in thymus. VIRTUAL SLIDES The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/9721397571157894.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Zhi Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58, Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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