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Huang D, Wang Y, Ding H, Zhao H. Comparative Analysis of Angora Rabbit Colostrum and Mature Milk Using Quantitative Proteomics. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:634. [PMID: 39194572 DOI: 10.3390/biology13080634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Colostrum intake is a crucial determinant of survival in newborn rabbits. Neonates rely entirely on passive immunity transfer from their mothers while suckling colostrum. The goal of this study was to explore the protein differences of rabbit milk during different lactation periods. Our findings showed that the daily milk yield exhibited an increasing trend from the 2nd to the 21st day of lactation. A data-independent acquisition proteomics approach identified a total of 2011 proteins. Significantly, different abundances were found for 525 proteins in the colostrum and the mature milk samples. Eleven differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) were examined using parallel reaction monitoring, which verified the reliability of the proteomic data. Gene Ontology analysis revealed that these DAPs were primarily associated with glycosyltransferase activity, macromolecule transmembrane transporter activity, and regulation of acute inflammatory response. The dominant metabolic pathways of the DAPs involve the complement and coagulation cascades. A protein-protein interaction analysis identified apolipoprotein B, apolipoprotein A1, triose phosphate isomerase 1, and albumin as the hub proteins responsible for distinguishing differences between biological properties in rabbit colostrum and mature milk. These findings enhance our comprehension of the rabbit milk proteome, particularly in expanding our knowledge regarding the requirements of neonatal rabbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongwei Huang
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Yuanlang Wang
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Haisheng Ding
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Huiling Zhao
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
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Di Luca A, Bennato F, Ianni A, Grotta L, Henry M, Meleady P, Martino G. Comparative Label-Free Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Milk Proteomic Profiles Highlight Putative Differences between the Autochthon Teramana and Saanen Goat Breeds. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2263. [PMID: 37508040 PMCID: PMC10376190 DOI: 10.3390/ani13142263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Goat's milk is an excellent source of nutrients, with greater benefits compared to cow's milk. Limited information is available on autochthon goat breeds, which are important for biodiversity preservation. In this study, the aim of using label-free quantification was to investigate the milk proteome of two goat breeds, the autochthon Teramana and Saanen breeds, which are commonly used by the industry. Utilising label-free proteomic analysis, 749 and 666 proteins, respectively were identified and quantified from the Teramana and Saanen goat milk. Moreover, utilising statistical analysis, 29 proteins were able to discriminate the two goat breeds, with many of the identified proteins involved in complement and coagulation cascades. This work enhances our understanding of the goat milk proteome and shows differences between the two breeds, leading to an important contribution toward a more detailed molecular-view of this unique substrate. Additionally, charactersation of the milk proteins can help in guiding genetic improvements in the goat herds, and thus increasing its use in human nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Di Luca
- Department of Bioscience and Technology for Food Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Francesca Bennato
- Department of Bioscience and Technology for Food Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Andrea Ianni
- Department of Bioscience and Technology for Food Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Lisa Grotta
- Department of Bioscience and Technology for Food Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Michael Henry
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Paula Meleady
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Giuseppe Martino
- Department of Bioscience and Technology for Food Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
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A Uremic Goat Model Created by Subtotal Renal Artery Embolization and Gentamicin. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10040292. [PMID: 33916709 PMCID: PMC8066079 DOI: 10.3390/biology10040292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A large animal model of (end-stage) kidney disease (ESKD) is needed for the preclinical testing of novel renal replacement therapies. This study aimed to create stable uremia via subtotal renal artery embolization in goats and induce a temporary further decline in kidney function by administration of gentamicin. Renal artery embolization was performed in five Dutch white goats by infusing polyvinyl alcohol particles in branches of the renal artery, aiming for the embolization of ~80% of one kidney and complete embolization of the contralateral kidney. Gentamicin was administered to temporarily further increase the plasma concentrations of uremic toxins. After initial acute kidney injury, urea and creatinine plasma concentrations stabilized 1.5 ± 0.7 months post-embolization and remained elevated (12 ± 1.4 vs. 5.6 ± 0.8 mmol/L and 174 ± 45 vs. 65 ± 5.6 µmol/L, resp.) during follow-up (16 ± 6 months). Gentamicin induced temporary acute-on-chronic kidney injury with a variable increase in plasma concentrations of small solutes (urea 29 ± 15 mmol/L, creatinine 841 ± 584 µmol/L, phosphate 2.2 ± 0.3 mmol/L and potassium 5.0 ± 0.6 mmol/L) and protein-bound uremic toxins representative of patients with ESKD. A uremic goat model characterized by stable moderate uremia was established via subtotal renal artery embolization with the induction of temporary severe acute-on-chronic kidney injury by the administration of gentamicin, allowing preclinical in vivo validation of novel renal replacement technologies.
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Patel PK, Choudhary K, Patidar P, Sharma S, Hajela K. Mannose-binding lectin and associate serine protease complex modulates neutrophil respiratory burst and gene expression in Capra hircus. Immunobiology 2020; 225:151972. [PMID: 32747021 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2020.151972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophils are an essential cellular component of the innate immune system, responsible for multiple effector mechanisms and aspects of inflammation. Neutrophil priming results in a rapid elevation in antimicrobial activities and can be measured by reactive oxygen species production, bacterial endocytosis, and de-novo synthesis of components such as interleukins. Mannose binding lectin (MBL), a C-type lectin pathogen recognition receptor is associated with immune functions including complement activation, opsonization and modulating immune responses. Whether MBL opsonization of pathogen can induce neutrophil priming has not been studied so far. Hence, studies were performed using MBL and neutrophils of Capra hircus (domestic goat) to evaluate the effects of MBL + MASPs interactions on neutrophil functions. It was found that MBL + MASPs opsonization of zymosan stimulates neutrophil functions including increased oxidative burst, enhanced endocytosis and modulates the expression level of NCF4, XBP1, CCL2, and CR1 genes. The results suggest that MBL-MASP complex can regulate neutrophil functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Kumar Patel
- School of Life Sciences, Devi Ahilya University, Indore, 452001 India; All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, 801507 India
| | - Komal Choudhary
- School of Life Sciences, Devi Ahilya University, Indore, 452001 India
| | - Preeti Patidar
- School of Life Sciences, Devi Ahilya University, Indore, 452001 India
| | - Sadhana Sharma
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, 801507 India
| | - Krishnan Hajela
- School of Life Sciences, Devi Ahilya University, Indore, 452001 India.
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Sun Y, Wang C, Sun X, Guo M. Proteomic analysis of differentially expressed whey proteins in Guanzhong goat milk and Holstein cow milk by iTRAQ coupled with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:8732-8740. [PMID: 32713692 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-18564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Guanzhong goat and Holstein cow milk are the major milks supplied in China. Whey proteins play an important role in immune defense for newborn mammals. This study aimed to analyze the differentially expressed whey proteins of Guanzhong goat milk and Holstein cow milk by using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-based proteomics techniques. A total of 165 whey proteins were quantified, 114 of which differed significantly in abundance in goat and cow milks. According to the "up_keywords," in the online DAVID tool (https://david.ncifcrf.gov/home.jsp), 75% of these differentially expressed whey proteins were related to the category of "signal." Gene Ontology analyses classified these differentially expressed proteins into biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions. The most common biological process was response to stress, the most common cellular component was related to extracellular region, and the most prevalent molecular function was binding. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses showed that these proteins were mainly involved in the complement and coagulation cascade pathways. The results improve our understanding of the different biological properties of whey proteins in goat and cow milks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxue Sun
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China; Department of Food Science, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, China
| | - Cuina Wang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China; Department of Food Science, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, China
| | - Xiaomeng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China
| | - Mingruo Guo
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington 05405.
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Moreno-Indias I, Hernández-Castellano LE, Sánchez-Macías D, Morales-delaNuez A, Torres A, Argüello A, Castro N. Milk Replacer Supplementation with Docosahexaenoic Acid from Microalgae Does Not Affect Growth and Immune Status in Goat Kids. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10071233. [PMID: 32698513 PMCID: PMC7401510 DOI: 10.3390/ani10071233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The consumption of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) has beneficial effects on human health. Meat from suckling goat kids is highly valuable, especially in Mediterranean countries. Based on this, several strategies have been implemented to increase the content of DHA in foodstuffs such as meat and meat products. Several studies have observed how feeding diverse sources of DHA can improve the fatty acid profile in goat kid meat. However, few studies have focused on the effect of using these DHA supplements on growth and the immune system development in these animals. Consequently, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of different levels of DHA supplementation on growth and the immune system development in newborn goat kids. The current study showed that the DHA supplementation did not affect either growth or the immune status of goat kids during the first 35 days of life. Abstract Consumption of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), especially docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), has beneficial effects for consumers’ health. Consequently, there is an increased interest in enhancing meat fatty acid profiles (i.e., PUFA and DHA content) through diverse nutritional strategies. This study aimed to investigate the effect of supplementing a microalgae-derived product rich in DHA on growth and immune system development in newborn goat kids. In this experiment, newborn goat kids were fed milk replacer (MR) supplemented with three levels of a microalgae-derived product rich in DHA (DHA-Gold®, Martek Biosciences, MD, USA). Groups were designed as follows: MR-NS (milk replacer without DHA-Gold® supplementation; n = 10), MR-DHA-9 (9 g of DHA-Gold®/L milk replacer; n = 10) and MR-DHA-18 (18 g of DHA-Gold®/L milk replacer; n = 10). The immune status of the kids was evaluated by the plasma IgG and IgM concentrations, as well as by the complement system and chitotriosidase activities. Dietary supplementation with DHA did not affect either growth or innate and humoral immunity (p > 0.05). This study concludes that supplementation with DHA does not cause negative effects on growth and immune status in newborn goat kids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Moreno-Indias
- Animal Production and Biotechnology group, Institute of Animal Health and Food Safety, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35413 Arucas, Spain; (I.M.-I.); (A.A.); (N.C.)
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lorenzo E. Hernández-Castellano
- Animal Production and Biotechnology group, Institute of Animal Health and Food Safety, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35413 Arucas, Spain; (I.M.-I.); (A.A.); (N.C.)
- Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, AU-Foulum, 8830 Tjele, Denmark
- Correspondence:
| | - Davinia Sánchez-Macías
- Animal Production and Industrialization Unit, Department of Agroindustrial Engineering, Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo, 060150 Riobamba, Ecuador;
| | - Antonio Morales-delaNuez
- Agrobiotechnology Group, Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología (IPNA), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), 38206 La Laguna, Spain;
| | - Alexandr Torres
- Unit of Animal Production, Pasture, and Forage in Arid and Subtropical Areas. Canary Islands Institute for Agricultural Research, 38200 La Laguna, Spain;
| | - Anastasio Argüello
- Animal Production and Biotechnology group, Institute of Animal Health and Food Safety, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35413 Arucas, Spain; (I.M.-I.); (A.A.); (N.C.)
| | - Noemí Castro
- Animal Production and Biotechnology group, Institute of Animal Health and Food Safety, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35413 Arucas, Spain; (I.M.-I.); (A.A.); (N.C.)
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Sun Y, Wang C, Sun X, Guo M. Proteomic analysis of whey proteins in the colostrum and mature milk of Xinong Saanen goats. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:1164-1174. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-17159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Hernández-Castellano LE, Moreno-Indias I, Sánchez-Macías D, Morales-delaNuez A, Torres A, Argüello A, Castro N. Sheep and goats raised in mixed flocks have diverse immune status around parturition. J Dairy Sci 2019; 102:8478-8485. [PMID: 31255264 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-16731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Several physiological and metabolic changes take place in dairy ruminants around parturition (late pregnancy, parturition, and early lactation). Dairy species are genetically selected for their higher milk production compared with non-dairy species. This fact causes a constant stress that impairs the immune status of the animal, with consequences for its welfare and performance. In the present study, we assessed the immune status of high-yield dairy sheep and goats by quantifying IgG and IgM concentrations, as well as chitotriosidase (ChT) and complement system [total complement system (TC) and alternative complement pathway (AC)] activity in blood plasma around parturition. We also measured IgG and IgM concentrations and ChT activity in colostrum and milk during the first 40 d postpartum. The lowest blood IgG concentration was at parturition in both species. We detected no differences in blood IgG concentrations between species. Blood IgM concentrations were constant in both species throughout the study period. However, blood IgM concentrations were greater in sheep than in goats. Blood ChT activity was greater in goats than in sheep, and both species showed constant activity of this enzyme throughout the study period. We observed no differences in complement system (TC and AC) activity between sheep and goats. In addition, both TC and AC activity were constant in both species throughout the experiment. In general, IgG and IgM concentrations were greater in sheep colostrum than in goat colostrum, but these differences disappeared after d 4 (IgG) and d 3 (IgM) postpartum. In both species, the highest IgG and IgM concentrations were measured in colostrum, gradually decreasing during the first days postpartum. Chitotriosidase activity decreased in both species from colostrum to milk, although goats always showed greater ChT activity than sheep. Both sheep and goats seemed to be more susceptible to infectious diseases around parturition. As well, goats showed greater ChT activity in blood, colostrum, and milk than sheep. This fact may give these animals additional protection against parasite and fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Isabel Moreno-Indias
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Laboratorio del Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Universitario de Málaga (Virgen de la Victoria), Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERObn), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Davinia Sánchez-Macías
- Animal Production and Industrialization Unit, Department of Agroindustrial Engineering, Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo, 060150 Riobamba, Ecuador
| | - Antonio Morales-delaNuez
- Agrobiotechnology Group, Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, IPNA, CSIC Spanish Research Council, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Alexandr Torres
- Instituto Canario de Investigaciones Agrarias, 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Anastasio Argüello
- Animal Production and Biotechnology Group, Institute of Animal Health and Food Safety, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35413 Arucas, Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Noemí Castro
- Animal Production and Biotechnology Group, Institute of Animal Health and Food Safety, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35413 Arucas, Gran Canaria, Spain
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Lysostaphin Lysibody Leads to Effective Opsonization and Killing of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a Murine Model. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2018; 62:AAC.01056-18. [PMID: 30038041 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01056-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria contains abundant surface-exposed carbohydrate structures that are highly conserved. While these properties make surface carbohydrates ideal targets for immunotherapy, carbohydrates elicit a poor immune response that results primarily in low-affinity IgM antibodies. In a previous publication, we introduced the lysibody approach to address this shortcoming. Lysibodies are engineered molecules that combine a high-affinity carbohydrate-binding domain of bacterial or bacteriophage origin and an Fc effector portion of a human IgG antibody, thus directing effective immunity to conserved bacterial surface carbohydrates. Here, we describe the first example of a lysibody containing the binding domain from a bacteriocin, lysostaphin. We also describe the creation of five lysibodies with binding domains derived from phage lysins, directed against Staphylococcus aureus The lysostaphin and LysK lysibodies showed the most promise and were further characterized. Both lysibodies bound a range of clinically important staphylococcal strains, fixed complement on the staphylococcal surface, and induced phagocytosis of S. aureus by macrophages and human neutrophils. The lysostaphin lysibody had superior in vitro activity compared to that of the LysK lysibody, as well as that of the previously characterized ClyS lysibody, and it effectively protected mice in a kidney abscess/bacteremia model. These results further demonstrate that the lysibody approach is a reproducible means of creating antibacterial antibodies that cannot be produced by conventional means. Lysibodies therefore are a promising solution for opsonic antibodies that may be used passively to both treat and prevent infection by drug-resistant pathogens.
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Berra S, Clivio A. Rapid isolation of pure Complement Factor H from serum for functional studies by the use of a monoclonal antibody that discriminates FH from all the other isoforms. Mol Immunol 2016; 72:65-73. [PMID: 26972487 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Several mutations have been identified in the gene coding for Complement Factor H (FH) from patients with atypical Hemolytic Uraemic Syndrome (aHUS), Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) and Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis (MPGN). These data allow for a precise description of the structural changes affecting FH, but a simple test for specifically assessing FH function routinely is not yet of common use. We have produced and characterised a monoclonal antibody (5H5) which discriminates between FH and the smaller FH-like 1 and FH-related proteins and show here that it specifically binds to FH without detecting the smaller isoforms. We therefore used this mAb for a quick, one-step micro-purification of FH directly from control sera and showed that this affinity chromatography procedure is not disruptive of its cofactor function. We also developed a modified sheep erythrocytes haemolysis test using our antibody and affinity-purified FH. These tests can be used in conjunction for assessing the function of FH purified from patients affected by FH-related diseases. Moreover we used this mAb to develop a FH-specific ELISA test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Berra
- "L. Sacco" Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (DIBIC), University of Milan, Italy.
| | - Alberto Clivio
- "L. Sacco" Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (DIBIC), University of Milan, Italy
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Dong R, Liu H. Establishment of a method for measuring total complement activity based on a hemolysis system using own red blood cells. J Immunol Methods 2016; 430:21-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2016.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Kumar SK, Singh P, Sinha S. Naturally produced opsonizing antibodies restrict the survival of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in human macrophages by augmenting phagosome maturation. Open Biol 2015; 5:150171. [PMID: 26674415 PMCID: PMC4703058 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.150171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the hypothesis that serum antibodies against Mycobacterium tuberculosis present in naturally infected healthy subjects of a tuberculosis (TB) endemic area could create and/or sustain the latent form of infection. All five apparently healthy Indian donors showed high titres of serum antibodies against M. tuberculosis cell membrane antigens, including lipoarabinomannan and alpha crystallin. Uptake and killing of bacilli by the donor macrophages was significantly enhanced following their opsonization with antibody-rich, heat-inactivated autologous sera. However, the capability to opsonize was apparent for antibodies against some and not other antigens. High-content cell imaging of infected macrophages revealed significantly enhanced colocalization of the phagosome maturation marker LAMP-1, though not of calmodulin, with antibody-opsonized compared with unopsonized M. tuberculosis. Key enablers of macrophage microbicidal action--proinflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ and IL-6), phagosome acidification, inducible NO synthase and nitric oxide--were also significantly enhanced following antibody opsonization. Interestingly, heat-killed M. tuberculosis also elevated these mediators to the levels comparable to, if not higher than, opsonized M. tuberculosis. Results of the study support the emerging view that an efficacious vaccine against TB should, apart from targeting cell-mediated immunity, also generate 'protective' antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashi Kant Kumar
- Division of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Padam Singh
- Division of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Sudhir Sinha
- Division of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow 226031, India Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India
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Ahmed S, Kemp MW, Payne MS, Kallapur SG, Stock SJ, Marsh HC, Jobe AH, Newnham JP, Spiller OB. Comparison of complement activity in adult and preterm sheep serum. Am J Reprod Immunol 2014; 73:232-41. [PMID: 25046333 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Functional complement activity is routinely measured utilizing rabbit antibody-sensitized sheep erythrocytes. Due to complement inhibitor expression on erythrocytes, the development of an alternative method to measure complement function in sheep serum was required. METHOD OF STUDY Several species of target erythrocyte and sensitizing antibody were investigated for improved measurement of complement function testing. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Guinea pig erythrocytes were identified as the optimal target, although sensitizing them with rabbit antiguinea pig erythrocyte antibody did not enhance the lysis by maternal sheep serum. In contrast, preterm neonatal sheep serum was unable to efficiently lyse guinea pig erythrocytes unless pre-sensitized with antibody. Further investigation revealed that maternal serum contained high levels of antibodies that cross-reacted with guinea pig and rabbit erythrocytes, while no cross-reacting antierythrocyte antibodies were found in preterm neonatal serum. Therefore, unlike primates, rabbits, and guinea pigs, no transplacental transfer of maternal IgG to foetal sheep occurs. Use of exogenous complement regulators is often used to dissect the contribution of complement to disease pathogenesis; however, we found that while full-length soluble human complement receptor 1 (sCR1, CDX-1135) was able to inhibit lysis of guinea pig erythrocytes by human and rat serum, no inhibition of sheep serum could be observed. Investigation of complement contribution to disease pathogenesis in the future will require the identification of an inhibitor that is effective against sheep complement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shatha Ahmed
- School of Medicine, Institute of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, Cardiff University, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK; Department of Pathology, Nineveh College of Medicine, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
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A Universal Method for Measuring Functional Activity of Complement in Humans, Laboratory, Domestic, and Agricultural Animals, Amphibians, and Birds. Bull Exp Biol Med 2014; 157:285-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s10517-014-2546-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Sahoo S, Murugavel S, Devi IK, Vedamurthy GV, Gupta SC, Singh BP, Joshi P. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase of the parasitic nematode Haemonchus contortus binds to complement C3 and inhibits its activity. Parasite Immunol 2014; 35:457-67. [PMID: 23927077 DOI: 10.1111/pim.12058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2012] [Accepted: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Haemonchus contortus is an economically important gastrointestinal parasite that infects primarily sheep and goats. To survive inside the host, the parasite must overcome the host immune response. In this study, we have identified and characterized a complement-C3-binding protein (H.c-C3BP) from this parasite employing biochemical and molecular biology tools. Initially, a truncated form of the protein was isolated from the excretory-secretory products of the parasite using C3-Sepharose column that facilitated its identification by mass spectroscopy. Subsequently, the parent molecule was generated in E. coli, and sequence analysis confirmed it as glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH). GAPDH reacted with the antiserum raised against the truncated protein, and the truncated protein reacted with anti-GAPDH antiserum. The protein inhibited complement function as measured by haemolytic assay and membrane attack complex (MAC) formation. Sera from H. contortus-infected animals reacted with GAPDH as well as the truncated form of the protein, which further lend support to protein secretion. Thus, the C3-binding property of H. contortus GAPDH is a new function, and it represents a new entity of complement-binding protein. Identification and characterization of H.c-C3BP should facilitate development of new therapeutics considering a key role of this protein in immune modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sahoo
- Division of Biochemistry, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, UP, India
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Yu BB, Moffatt BE, Fedorova M, Villiers CGS, Arnold JN, Du E, Swinkels A, Li MC, Ryan A, Sim RB. Purification, quantification, and functional analysis of Complement Factor H. Methods Mol Biol 2014; 1100:207-23. [PMID: 24218262 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-724-2_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Complement Factor H (FH) is an abundant, non-enzymic plasma/serum glycoprotein, which has a major role in regulating activation of the complement system. It can be purified from human plasma/serum by affinity chromatography, using a monoclonal anti-FH antibody as ligand. Other affinity chromatography ligands, including cardiolipin and trinitrophenyl-bovine serum albumin (TNP-BSA), can be used to purify human FH and also FH from a wide range of vertebrates, including mammals, birds, bony fish. Human FH protein concentration can be quantified by sandwich ELISA. The activity of FH is generally measured by assays which detect the cleavage, by complement factor I, of the complement protein C3b to form iC3b. Cleavage occurs only in the presence of a cofactor, and FH is one of a small number of cofactors for this reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Bin Yu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Kumar De A, Kundu A, Ruban VV, Kundu M, Jeyakumar S, Sunder J. Antibody response to goat erythrocytes in endangered Nicobari fowl, Vanaraja and their various F1 and F2 crosses under the hot humid climate of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2012.738225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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