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Taghiyev ZT, Bechtel M, Schlömicher M, Useini D, Taghi HN, Moustafine V, Strauch JT. Early-Term Results of Rapid-Deployment Aortic Valve Replacement versus Standard Bioprosthesis Implantation Combined with Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2023; 71:519-527. [PMID: 35151232 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1742686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Aortic stenosis is highly prevalent among patients with concomitant coronary artery disease. Surgical aortic valve replacement with coronary artery bypass grafting is usually the treatment of choice for patients with severe aortic stenosis and significant coronary disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome and hemodynamic results of the implantation of rapid-deployment valves (Rapid-Deployment Edwards Intuity Valve System [RDAVR]) versus conventional sutured valves (CSAVR) in combined surgery. METHODS Between January 2012 and January 2017, 120 patients underwent replacement via RDAVR and 133 patients underwent replacement using CSAVR with concomitant coronary bypass grafting. Clinical and echocardiographic data were compared. RESULTS The mean age was 76 ± 7 for RDAVR patients and 74 ± 6 years for CSAVR patients (p = 0.054); 48% in the RDAVR group were female versus 17% in the CSAVR group (p <0.002). Other characteristics such as diabetes mellitus, body-mass index, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, nicotine consumption, and extracardiac arteriopathy were similar. Coronary three-vessel disease was more common in the RDAVR group (42.5 vs. 27.8%, p = 0.017). Both mean EuroSCORE II (6.6 ± 5.4 vs. 4.3 ± 3.0, p = 0.001) and STS score (5.4 ± 4.4 vs. 3.4 ± 2.4, p = 0.001) were significantly higher in the RDAVR group. Mean cross-clamp time (82 ± 25 vs. 100 ± 30 minutes, p < 0.001) and cardiopulmonary bypass time (119 ± 38 vs. 147 ± 53 minutes, p < 0.001) were shorter with RDAVR. The mean number of bypass grafts, length of hospital and ICU stays, and mechanical ventilation time were not statistically significant different. Hospital mortality was 2.5% for RDAVR and 9.7% for CSAVR (p = 0.019). There was a similar rate of stroke (5.8 vs. 6.0%, p = 0.990) and postoperative delirium (14.1 vs. 15.8%, p = 0.728). Mean gradients were 8.2 ± 4.1 mm Hg in the RDAVR group vs. 11.3 ± 4.6 mm Hg in the CSAVR group (p = 0.001) at discharge. CONCLUSION RDAVR combined with coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) can be performed extremely safely. Cross-clamp and cardiopulmonary bypass times can be significantly reduced with rapid deployment aortic valve system in the scenario of combined CABG. RDAVR resulted in lower gradients than CSAVR in patients implanted with prostheses of the same size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulfugar T Taghiyev
- Department of Cardiothoracic SurgeryRuhr-University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Bochum, Germany
- Department of Adult and Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital of Giessen and Marburg, Giessen, Germany
| | - Matthias Bechtel
- Department of Cardiothoracic SurgeryRuhr-University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Bochum, Germany
| | - Markus Schlömicher
- Department of Cardiothoracic SurgeryRuhr-University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Bochum, Germany
| | - Dritan Useini
- Department of Cardiothoracic SurgeryRuhr-University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Bochum, Germany
| | - Hamid Naraghi Taghi
- Department of Cardiothoracic SurgeryRuhr-University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Bochum, Germany
| | - Vadim Moustafine
- Department of Cardiothoracic SurgeryRuhr-University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Bochum, Germany
| | - Justus T Strauch
- Department of Cardiothoracic SurgeryRuhr-University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Bochum, Germany
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Frank D, Kennon S, Bonaros N, Romano M, Di Mario C, van Ginkel DJ, Bor W, Kasel M, De Backer O, Hachaturyan V, Lüske CM, Kurucova J, Bramlage P, Styra R. Quality of Life Measures in Aortic Stenosis Research: A Narrative Review. Cardiology 2023; 148:556-570. [PMID: 37442111 PMCID: PMC10733944 DOI: 10.1159/000531465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elderly patients with aortic stenosis (AS) not only have a reduced life expectancy but also a reduced quality of life (QoL). The benefits of an AS intervention may be considered a balance between a good QoL and a reasonably extended life. However, the different questionnaires being used to determine the QoL were generally not developed for the specific situation of patients with AS and come with strengths and considerable weaknesses. The objective of this article was to provide an overview of the available QoL instruments in AS research, describe their strengths and weaknesses, and provide our assessment of the utility of the available scoring instruments for QoL measurements in AS. SUMMARY We identified and reviewed the following instruments that are used in AS research: Short Form Health Survey (SF-36/SF-12), EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D), the Illness Intrusiveness Rating Scale (IIRS), the HeartQoL, the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ), the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHF), the MacNew Questionnaire, and the Toronto Aortic Stenosis Quality of Life Questionnaire (TASQ). KEY MESSAGES There is no standardized assessment of QoL in patients with AS. Many different questionnaires are being used, but they are rarely specific for AS. There is a need for AS-specific research into the QoL of patients as life prolongation may compete for an improved QoL in this elderly patient group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derk Frank
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology, Angiology and Critical Care), UKSH University Clinical Center Schleswig-Holstein and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Kiel, Germany
| | - Simon Kennon
- Department of Cardiology, Barts Heart Centre, St. Bartholomew’s Hospital, London, UK
| | - Nikolaos Bonaros
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Mauro Romano
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Interventional Cardiology, Hôpital Privé Jacques Cartier, Massy, France
| | - Carlo Di Mario
- Structural Interventional Cardiology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Dirk-Jan van Ginkel
- Department of Cardiology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - Wilbert Bor
- Department of Cardiology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - Markus Kasel
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ole De Backer
- Interventional Cardiology, The Heart Center, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Claudia M. Lüske
- Institute for Pharmacology and Preventive Medicine, Cloppenburg, Germany
| | | | - Peter Bramlage
- Institute for Pharmacology and Preventive Medicine, Cloppenburg, Germany
| | - Rima Styra
- Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Bhogal S, Rogers T, Aladin A, Ben-Dor I, Cohen JE, Shults CC, Wermers JP, Weissman G, Satler LF, Reardon MJ, Yakubov SJ, Waksman R. TAVR in 2023: Who Should Not Get It? Am J Cardiol 2023; 193:1-18. [PMID: 36857839 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2023.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Since the first transcatheter delivery of an aortic valve prosthesis was performed by Cribier et al in 2002, the picture of aortic stenosis (AS) therapeutics has changed dramatically. Initiated from an indication of inoperable to high surgical risk, extending to intermediate and low risk, transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is now an approved treatment for patients with severe, symptomatic AS across all the risk categories. The current evidence supports TAVR as a frontline therapy for treating severe AS. The crucial question remains concerning the subset of patients who still are not ideal candidates for TAVR because of certain inherent anatomic, nonmodifiable, and procedure-specific factors. Therefore, in this study, we focus on these scenarios and reasons for referring selected patients for surgical aortic valve replacement in 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukhdeep Bhogal
- Section of Interventional Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Toby Rogers
- Section of Interventional Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia; Cardiovascular Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Amer Aladin
- Section of Interventional Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Itsik Ben-Dor
- Section of Interventional Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Jeffrey E Cohen
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Christian C Shults
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Jason P Wermers
- Section of Interventional Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Gaby Weissman
- Department of Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Lowell F Satler
- Section of Interventional Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Michael J Reardon
- DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, Houston Methodist, Houston, Texas
| | - Steven J Yakubov
- Department of Cardiology, McConnell Heart Hospital at Riverside Methodist Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Ron Waksman
- Section of Interventional Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia.
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St Pierre EC, Orelaru F, Naeem A, Farhat L, Wu X, Yang B. Quality of Life Worsens After Surgical Repair of Acute Type A Aortic Dissection. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2021; 34:399-407. [PMID: 33984484 DOI: 10.1053/j.semtcvs.2021.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine how acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) impacts patients' quality of life. The 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36) was used to measure quality of life. The eight SF-36 scales were aggregated into a two-factor summary: physical and mental component summary scales (PCS and MCS). One hundred fourteen patients were included in the ATAAD group and 81 patients in the aortic valve replacement (AVR) group. All patients underwent surgery between June 2007 and December 2018. Surveys were completed after the operation. The mean scaled score of the ATAAD group decreased significantly in all eight domains of the SF-36 survey after aortic dissection repair except mental health. Also, the postsurgery PCS score was significantly lower than the presurgery score (39 vs 49; P < 0.0001). Multivariable regression confirmed the negative impact of ATAAD on postsurgery PCS score and higher presurgery PCS score had a significant positive impact. The postsurgery MCS score did not change significantly (49 vs 50; P = 0.32), but higher preoperative MCS score had a significant positive impact on the postsurgery MCS score. Age, sex, connective tissue disorders, and stroke did not contribute significantly to the postsurgery PCS and MCS scores. The AVR group had significantly increased postsurgery PCS and MCS scores compared to the presurgery scores (47 vs 41; P < 0.0001) and (53 vs 51; P = 0.02) respectively. Patients reported significantly decreased physical health after recovery from acute type A aortic dissection repair. A multidisciplinary approach is needed to improve patients' quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma C St Pierre
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Felix Orelaru
- Department of General Surgery, St. Joseph Mercy, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Aroma Naeem
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Linda Farhat
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Xiaoting Wu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
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5
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Del Forno B, Ascione G, Lapenna E, Trumello C, Ruggeri S, Belluschi I, Verzini A, Iaci G, Ferrara D, Schiavi D, Meneghin R, Castiglioni A, Alfieri O, De Bonis M. Is myocardial revascularization really necessary in patients with ≥50% but <70% coronary stenosis undergoing valvular surgery? Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2020; 58:343-349. [DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezaa047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study is to evaluate the immediate and mid-term effects of omitting coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with moderate coronary artery stenosis who have a primary indication for valvular surgery.
METHODS
We included 77 consecutive patients admitted to our Institution for aortic or mitral valve surgery between June 2012 and June 2017 in whom a de novo diagnosis of ≥50%, but <70% coronary stenosis was made. In this cohort, the myocardial revascularization was omitted. All these patients were free from angina and ischaemia on echo and ECG.
RESULTS
There were no in-hospital deaths. In only 1 patient, acute myocardial infarction occurred postoperatively, which was immediately treated by percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The 6-year overall survival was 94.7 ± 2.59%. At 6 years, no cardiac deaths were recorded. At follow-up, 4 patients underwent elective PCI after a positive stress myocardial perfusion test. Only 1 patient underwent urgent PCI due to acute coronary syndrome. At 6 years, the cumulative incidence function of PCI, with death as competing risk, was 8 ± 3.9%.
CONCLUSIONS
In our experience, moderate coronary stenosis, occasionally discovered at the time of valvular heart surgery, can be safely overlooked and do not need any further treatment at follow-up in the majority of cases. Our results open up the opportunity to apply this ‘intentional omission strategy’ in different situations, such as minimally invasive heart surgery, percutaneous procedures and complex patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedetto Del Forno
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Guido Ascione
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Lapenna
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Cinzia Trumello
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Ruggeri
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Igor Belluschi
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Verzini
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Iaci
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Davide Schiavi
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Meneghin
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Castiglioni
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Michele De Bonis
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
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6
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Ahmed OF, kakamad FH, Al-Neaimy SY, Salih RQ, Mohammed SH, Salih AM. Outcome of combined coronary artery bypass grafting and aortic valve replacement; a case series. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SURGERY OPEN 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijso.2019.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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7
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Boureau AS, Trochu JN, Rouaud A, Hureau R, Jaafar P, Manigold T, Letocart V, Guerin P, Berrut G, de Decker L. Predictors of Health-Related Quality of Life Decline after Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in Older Patients with Severe Aortic Stenosis. J Nutr Health Aging 2017; 21:105-111. [PMID: 27999856 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-016-0739-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transcatheter aortic-valve implantation (TAVI) has been shown to improve survival and quality of life in patients with severe aortic stenosis. However, one-third of patients have poor outcome as death, functional decline or quality of life (QoL) decline. The aim of this study was to determine cardiac and geriatric predictors of physical and mental QoL decline 6 months after a TAVI procedure in patients aged 75 and older. METHODS Between January 2013 and June 2014, we did a prospective and multicenter study including patients ≥ 75 years old referred for TAVI. The primary outcome was the measure of QoL, assessed by the Short Form 36 survey (SF-36), before and 6 months after the intervention. Association between QoL decline and baseline characteristics including cardiac and geriatric factors was analysed by logistic regression models. RESULTS Mean age of the 150 patients studied was 83.7 years old and 56% were men. The primary end point, mean SF-36 physical summary score, significantly improved between baseline and 6-month (33.6 vs. 36.4, p=0.003) whereas mental component score significantly decreased (48.2 vs. 36.4, p-value<0.001). However, patients with presence of depressive symptoms before the intervention had mental QoL improvement at six months (OR 0.04 [0.01-0.19], p-value<0.001) and no significant geriatric predictors were associated with physical QoL decline. CONCLUSION The mental QoL significantly decreased and patients with preoperative depressive symptoms had mental QoL improvement at six months. Researches are needed to confirm that mental QoL of patients with depressive symptoms can be improved by TAVI.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Boureau
- Anne Sophie Boureau, MD, Department of Geriatrics, Nantes University Hospital, boulevard Jacques Monod, 44093 Nantes Cedex 1, France; telephone number : + 33 2 40 16 50 46, fax number : +33 2 40 16 53 58, e-mail:
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8
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Santos HND, Magedanz EH, Guaragna JCVDC, Santos NND, Albuquerque LC, Goldani MA, Petracco JB, Bodanese LC. Predictors of stroke in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Braz J Cardiovasc Surg 2015; 29:140-7. [PMID: 25140462 PMCID: PMC4389467 DOI: 10.5935/1678-9741.20140025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Accepted: 09/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To determine the risk factors related to the development of stroke in patients
undergoing cardiac surgery. Methods A historical cohort study. We included 4626 patients aged > 18 years who
underwent coronary artery bypass surgery, heart valve replacement surgery alone or
heart valve surgery combined with coronary artery bypass grafting between January
1996 and December 2011. The relationship between risk predictors and stroke was
assessed by logistic regression model with a significance level of 0.05. Results The incidence of stroke was 3% in the overall sample. After logistic regression,
the following risk predictors for stroke were found: age 50-65 years (OR=2.11 -
95% CI 1.05-4.23 - P=0.036) and age >66 years (OR=3.22 - 95%
CI 1.6-6.47 - P=0.001), urgent and emergency surgery (OR=2.03 -
95% CI 1.20-3.45 - P=0.008), aortic valve disease (OR=2.32 - 95%
CI 1.18-4.56 - P=0.014), history of atrial fibrillation (OR=1.88
- 95% CI 1.05-3.34 - P=0.032), peripheral artery disease (OR=1.81
- 95% CI 1.13-2.92 - P=0.014), history of cerebrovascular disease
(OR=3.42 - 95% CI 2.19-5.35 - P<0.001) and cardiopulmonary
bypass time > 110 minutes (OR=1.71 - 95% CI 1.16-2.53 -
P=0.007). Mortality was 31.9% in the stroke group and 8.5% in the
control group (OR=5.06 - 95% CI 3.5-7.33 - P<0.001). Conclusion The study identified the following risk predictors for stroke after cardiac
surgery: age, urgent and emergency surgery, aortic valve disease, history of
atrial fibrillation, peripheral artery disease, history of cerebrovascular disease
and cardiopulmonary bypass time > 110 minutes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - João Batista Petracco
- Hospital São Lucas, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Kidher E, Jarral OA, Harling L, Anderson JR, Chukwuemeka A, Ashrafian H, Evans PC, Athanasiou T. NR2 antibody is associated with quality of life in aortic valve replacement. Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann 2015; 23:690-700. [PMID: 25931568 DOI: 10.1177/0218492315583189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between the potential brain injury biomarker N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antibody and quality of life has never been assessed. METHODS We measured serum N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antibody levels preoperatively in patients undergoing aortic valve replacement. Quality of life was scored using the Short Form-36 and European Quality of Life 5-Dimensions questionnaires pre- and postoperatively. We analyzed the antibody levels as a continuous variable and as a dichotomous variable with 1.8 ng mL(-1) as the cutoff. RESULTS Fifty-two patients (15 females) with a mean age of 71 ± 8.4 years were recruited for this study. Forty-eight (92%) patients attended the follow-up visit (405 ± 161 days). No mortality or severe neurological event was recorded. In both quality-of-life instruments, the low antibody level group (n = 35) had significantly better scores than the high antibody level group (n = 17) preoperatively. Postoperatively, the scores for both groups improved; however, the low antibody level group continued to score significantly better in most of the physical and mental health domains (p = 0.04 to <0.001). Multiple regression analyses revealed that antibody level and the 1.8 ng mL(-1) cutoff were independently related to quality of life (pre- and postoperatively). CONCLUSIONS Higher N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antibody levels in aortic valve replacement patients are independently related to poorer quality of life pre- and postoperatively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emaddin Kidher
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, St. Mary's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Omar A Jarral
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, St. Mary's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Leanne Harling
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, St. Mary's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Jon R Anderson
- Departments of Cardiac Surgery and Cardiology, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Andrew Chukwuemeka
- Departments of Cardiac Surgery and Cardiology, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Hutan Ashrafian
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, St. Mary's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Paul C Evans
- Department of Cardiovascular Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Thanos Athanasiou
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, St. Mary's Hospital, London, UK Departments of Cardiac Surgery and Cardiology, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
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10
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Kadric N, Kabil E, Mujanovic E, Hadziselimovic M, Jahic M, Rajkovic S, Osmanovic E, Avdic S, Keranovic S, Behrem A. Operative treatment of combined aortic stenosis and coronary artery disease. Med Arch 2015; 69:54-7. [PMID: 25870480 PMCID: PMC4384859 DOI: 10.5455/medarh.2015.69.54-57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The aortic valve replacement is a standard operating procedure in patients with severe aortic stenosis. Structure of patients undergoing surgery ranges from young population with isolated mitral valvular disease to the elderly population, which is in addition to the underlying disease additionally burdened with comorbidity. One of the most commonly present factors that further complicate the surgery is coronary heart disease that occurs in, almost, one third of patients with aortic stenosis. The aim is to compare the results of surgery for aortic valve replacement with or without coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). Patients and Methods: From August 2008 to January 2013 in our center operated on 120 patients for aortic stenosis. Of this number, 75 were men and 45 women. The average age was 63.37 years (16-78). Isolated aortic valve replacement was performed in 89 patients and in 31 patients underwent aortic valve replacement and coronary bypass surgery. Implanted 89 biological and 31 mechanical valves. Results: Patients with associated aortic stenosis and coronary artery disease were more expressed symptomatic symptoms preoperatively to patients with isolated aortic stenosis who were on average younger age. Intra-hospital morbidity and mortality was more pronounced in the group of patients with concomitant aortic valve replacement and coronary bypass surgery. Morbidity was recorded in 17 patients (14.3%) in both groups, while the mortality rate in both groups was 12 patients (10.1%). Conclusion: Evaluation of preoperative risk factors and comorbidity in patients with aortic stenosis and coronary artery disease contributes to a significant reduction in intraoperative and postoperative complications. Also, early diagnosis of associated coronary artery disease and aortic stenosis contributes to timely decision for surgery thus avoiding subsequent ischaemic changes and myocardial damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nedzad Kadric
- Center for the Heart BH, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Emir Kabil
- Center for the Heart BH, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Emir Mujanovic
- Center for the Heart BH, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Mehdin Hadziselimovic
- Center for the Heart BH, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Mirza Jahic
- Center for the Heart BH, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Stojan Rajkovic
- Center for the Heart BH, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Enes Osmanovic
- Center for the Heart BH, Department of the Cardiology, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Sevleta Avdic
- Center for the Heart BH, Department of the Cardiology, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Suad Keranovic
- Center for the Heart BH, Department of Anesthesiology, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Adnan Behrem
- Center for the Heart BH, Department of Anesthesiology, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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Oterhals K, Hanssen TA, Haaverstad R, Nordrehaug JE, Eide GE, Norekvål TM. Factors associated with poor self-reported health status after aortic valve replacement with or without concomitant bypass surgery. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2014; 48:283-92. [DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezu425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Thalji NM, Suri RM, Daly RC, Greason KL, Dearani JA, Stulak JM, Joyce LD, Burkhart HM, Pochettino A, Li Z, Frye RL, Schaff HV. The prognostic impact of concomitant coronary artery bypass grafting during aortic valve surgery: implications for revascularization in the transcatheter era. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2014; 149:451-60. [PMID: 25308117 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2014.08.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Revised: 08/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Clinicians may give greater consideration to medical management versus coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) for coronary artery disease (CAD) at the time of aortic valve intervention. We evaluated the prognostic impact of revascularization strategy during aortic valve replacement (AVR). METHODS We studied 1308 consecutive patients with significant CAD (≥50% stenosis) undergoing AVR with or with out CABG between 2001 and 2010. Late mortality and its determinants were analyzed using multivariable Cox models. RESULTS Patients undergoing CABG (n = 1043; 18%) had more frequent angina (50% vs 26%; P < .001), left ventricular dysfunction (22% vs 14%; P = .003), advanced (>70% stenosis) CAD (85% vs 48%; P < .001), and incidence of triple-vessel/left-main CAD (44% vs 8%; P < .001). Whereas operative mortality was comparable between patients undergoing AVR plus CABG versus isolated AVR (2.9% vs 3.0%; P = .90), 5-year (72% vs 64%) and 8-year (50% vs 39%) survival was higher following CABG (P = .007). Adjusting for older age (hazard ratio [HR], 1.28 per 5 years), female sex (HR, 1.23), peripheral vascular disease (HR, 1.71), New York Heart Association functional class III to IV (HR, 1.48), and diabetes (HR, 1.50) concomitant CABG at AVR reduced late mortality risk by more than one-third (HR, 0.62, 95% confidence interval, 0.49-0.79; P < .001). CABG continued to confer a survival advantage in patients with moderate (50%-70%) (HR, 0.62; P = .02) and severe (>70%) CAD (HR, 0.62; P = .002). CONCLUSIONS In patients undergoing AVR with coexistent CAD, concomitant CABG reduces risk of late death by more than one-third, without augmenting operative mortality. This survival advantage persists in moderate (50% to 70%) and severe (>70%) CAD. These findings underline the prognostic importance of revascularization in this population and should influence decisions regarding revascularization strategy in patients undergoing transcatheter valve therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nassir M Thalji
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn
| | - Rakesh M Suri
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn.
| | - Richard C Daly
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn
| | - Kevin L Greason
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn
| | - Joseph A Dearani
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn
| | - John M Stulak
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn
| | - Lyle D Joyce
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn
| | | | | | - Zhuo Li
- Department of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn
| | - Robert L Frye
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn
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Raised IL-2 and TNF-α concentrations are associated with postoperative delirium in patients undergoing coronary-artery bypass graft surgery. Int Psychogeriatr 2014; 26:845-55. [PMID: 24345656 DOI: 10.1017/s1041610213002378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The knowledge base regarding the pathogenesis of postoperative delirium is limited. The primary aim of this study is to investigate whether increased levels of IL-2 and TNF-α are associated with delirium in patients who underwent coronary-artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). The secondary aim is to establish whether any association between raised cytokine levels and delirium is related to surgical and anesthetic procedures or mediated by pre-existing conditions associated with raised cytokine levels, such as major depressive disorder (MDD), cognitive impairment, or aging. METHODS Patients were examined and screened for MDD and cognitive impairment one day preoperatively, using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview and The Montreal Cognitive Assessment and Trail Making Test Part B. Blood samples were collected postoperatively for cytokine levels. RESULTS Postoperative delirium screening was found positive in 36% (41 of 113) of patients. A multivariate logistic regression revealed that an increased concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines is associated with delirium, and related to advancing age, preoperative cognitive decline of participants, and duration of CPB. According to receiver operating characteristic analysis, the most optimal cut-off for IL-2 and TNF-α concentrations in predicting the development of delirium were 907.5 U/ml and 10.95 pg/ml, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The present study suggests that raised postoperative cytokine concentrations are associated with delirium after CABG surgery. Postoperative monitoring of pro-inflammatory markers combined with regular surveillance may be helpful in the early detection of postoperative delirium in this patient group.
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Gunn JM, Lautamäki AK, Hirvonen J, Kuttila KT. The prognostic significance of declining health-related quality of life scores at 6 months after coronary artery bypass surgery. QJM 2014; 107:369-74. [PMID: 24374762 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hct256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) measured on the EQ-5D (European quality of life-5 dimensions)-questionnaire has been shown to improve after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), this study investigated whether changes in HRQoL predict later morbidity. METHODS Included were 404 consecutive patients undergoing isolated CABG between 2008 and 2010 who filled the EQ-5D-questionnaire at baseline and 6 months postoperatively. Records were reviewed for later major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) after 6 months. Follow-up was 38.6 months (10-58). RESULTS Patients who suffered later MACCE more often had suffered an in-hospital postoperative stroke, had a longer in-hospital stay, had lower HRQoL scores at 6 months and deteriorated on several EQ-5D-subscales. Logistic regression showed 6 months visual analogue scale scores and declining function scores to be independent predictors of later MACCE. CONCLUSION Deteriorating function and HRQoL-scores at 6 months as compared to baseline postoperatively predict later adverse cardiovascular events after CABG.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Gunn
- M.D., Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart Center, Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 4-8, 20521 Turku, Finland.
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15
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Effect of coronary artery disease extent on contemporary outcomes of combined aortic valve replacement and coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Ann Thorac Surg 2013; 96:2075-82. [PMID: 24070699 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2013.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Revised: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 07/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Concomitant aortic valve replacement (AVR) and coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) is a common procedure. Whether the extent of coronary artery disease (CAD) influences outcomes of AVR plus CABG is unknown. METHODS All AVR plus CABG cases from 2008 to 2010 were extracted from the California CABG Outcomes Reporting Program database. Patients with left main coronary artery stenosis greater than 50% or at least three diseased vessels were defined as having extensive CAD, and patients with one or two diseased coronary vessels were defined as having less extensive CAD. Multivariable logistic regression models were developed for predicting major postoperative complications and 30-day mortality. A Cox proportional hazards model was developed to predict the risk of 1-year mortality. RESULTS Between 2008 and 2010, 6,151 AVR plus CABG were performed in California. Compared with patients with one- or two-vessel CAD, patients with extensive CAD undergoing AVR plus CABG were on average older, more often male, had greater prevalence of multiple comorbidities, and underwent more urgent or emergent operations (all p < 0.05). After adjusting for baseline risk factors, AVR plus CABG with extensive CAD was associated with significantly increased risk of major postoperative complications (adjusted odds ratio, 1.24; 95% confidence interval, 1.10 to 1.40; p = 0.001) but not operative mortality (adjusted odds ratio, 1.00; 95% confidence interval, 0.77 to 1.29; p = 0.978). A Cox proportional hazards model showed that age and other medical comorbidities, but not extensive CAD, were significant risk factors for 1-year mortality. CONCLUSIONS Compared with AVR plus CABG for one- or two-vessel CAD, AVR plus CABG for left main or three or more vessel CAD had higher observed and risk-adjusted rates of postoperative complications but not operative or 1-year mortality.
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Dobson GP, Faggian G, Onorati F, Vinten-Johansen J. Hyperkalemic cardioplegia for adult and pediatric surgery: end of an era? Front Physiol 2013; 4:228. [PMID: 24009586 PMCID: PMC3755226 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2013.00228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 08/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite surgical proficiency and innovation driving low mortality rates in cardiac surgery, the disease severity, comorbidity rate, and operative procedural difficulty have increased. Today's cardiac surgery patient is older, has a "sicker" heart and often presents with multiple comorbidities; a scenario that was relatively rare 20 years ago. The global challenge has been to find new ways to make surgery safer for the patient and more predictable for the surgeon. A confounding factor that may influence clinical outcome is high K(+) cardioplegia. For over 40 years, potassium depolarization has been linked to transmembrane ionic imbalances, arrhythmias and conduction disturbances, vasoconstriction, coronary spasm, contractile stunning, and low output syndrome. Other than inducing rapid electrochemical arrest, high K(+) cardioplegia offers little or no inherent protection to adult or pediatric patients. This review provides a brief history of high K(+) cardioplegia, five areas of increasing concern with prolonged membrane K(+) depolarization, and the basic science and clinical data underpinning a new normokalemic, "polarizing" cardioplegia comprising adenosine and lidocaine (AL) with magnesium (Mg(2+)) (ALM™). We argue that improved cardioprotection, better outcomes, faster recoveries and lower healthcare costs are achievable and, despite the early predictions from the stent industry and cardiology, the "cath lab" may not be the place where the new wave of high-risk morbid patients are best served.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey P. Dobson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Heart and Trauma Research Laboratory, James Cook UniversityTownsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Giuseppe Faggian
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Verona Medical SchoolVerona, Italy
| | - Francesco Onorati
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Verona Medical SchoolVerona, Italy
| | - Jakob Vinten-Johansen
- Cardiothoracic Research Laboratory of Emory University Hospital Midtown, Carlyle Fraser Heart CenterAtlanta, GA, USA
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Shan L, Saxena A, McMahon R, Wilson A, Newcomb A. A systematic review on the quality of life benefits after aortic valve replacement in the elderly. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2013; 145:1173-89. [PMID: 23415689 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2013.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2012] [Revised: 12/18/2012] [Accepted: 01/11/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgical aortic valve replacement is being increasingly performed in elderly patients with good perioperative outcomes and long-term survival. Evidence is limited on health-related quality of life after aortic valve replacement, which is an important measure of operative success in the elderly. METHODS A systematic review of clinical studies after January 2000 was performed to identify health-related quality of life in the elderly after aortic valve replacement. Strict inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied. Quality appraisal of each study also was performed using predefined criteria. Health-related quality of life results were synthesized through a narrative review with full tabulation of the results of all included studies. RESULTS Health-related quality of life improvements were shown across most or all domains in different health-related quality of life instruments. Elderly patients experienced marked symptomatic improvement. Health-related quality of life was equivalent or superior to both an age-matched population and younger patients undergoing identical procedures. There were excellent functional gains after surgery, but elderly patients remain susceptible to geriatric issues and mood problems. Concomitant coronary artery bypass did not affect health-related quality of life. There was a diverse range of study designs, methods, and follow-up times that limited direct comparison between studies. CONCLUSIONS Aortic valve replacement results in significant health-related quality of life benefits across a broad range of health domains in elderly patients. Age alone should not be a precluding factor for surgery. Data are heterogeneous and mostly retrospective. We recommend future studies based on consistent guidelines provided in this systematic review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Shan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
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Gunn J, Kuttila K, Vasques F, Virtanen R, Lahti A, Airaksinen J, Biancari F. Comparison of results of coronary artery bypass grafting versus percutaneous coronary intervention in octogenarians. Am J Cardiol 2012; 110:1125-9. [PMID: 22762714 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2012.05.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2012] [Revised: 05/31/2012] [Accepted: 05/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to compare the outcomes after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients aged ≥80 years. The present analysis included 274 patients who underwent isolated CABG and 393 patients who underwent PCI. The patients undergoing PCI had a greater prevalence of a history of cardiac surgery and recent myocardial infarction and had more frequently undergone emergency revascularization. Patients undergoing CABG had a significantly greater prevalence of 3-vessel coronary artery disease. The unadjusted 30-day mortality rate was 8.8% after CABG and 7.4% after PCI (p = 0.514). However, on multivariate analysis, CABG was associated with a significantly increased risk of 30-day mortality (odds ratio 2.246, 95% confidence interval 1.141 to 4.422). The unadjusted overall intermediate survival was significantly poorer after PCI (at 5 years, CABG 72.2% vs PCI 59.5%, p = 0.004), but this was not confirmed on multivariate analysis. PCI and CABG had similar intermediate survival rates when adjusted for propensity score (p = 0.698), a finding confirmed by the analysis of 130 propensity score-matched pairs (at 5 years, CABG 66.4% vs PCI 58.9%, p = 0.730). In conclusion, the survival of patients aged ≥80 years undergoing CABG is excellent, and the suboptimal survival after PCI seems to be related to the disproportionately greater risk of these patients compared to those undergoing CABG. When adjusted for important clinical variables, PCI and CABG achieved similar intermediate results.
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