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Jun P, Zhao H, Jung IC, Jang E, Kwon O, Jang JH. Traditional Medicine Classification Based on the Nature and Location of Disease in Parkinson's Disease: A Clustering Study Using Pattern Identification Disassemble Presented in Clinical Studies. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE AND COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE 2024; 30:99-106. [PMID: 37819739 DOI: 10.1089/jicm.2023.0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate a traditional medicine (TM) classification based on the nature and location of disease for pattern identification (PI) in Parkinson's disease (PD). This study also aimed to present evidence regarding the pathogenesis of PD and provide a basis for establishment of individualized treatment strategies with TM. Methods: An electronic search was conducted in three core databases, three Korean databases, and four Chinese databases. A hierarchical clustering analysis was conducted based on the nature and location of the disease for PD, and the analysis findings were compared with PI in the existing literature. Results: A total of 79 different types of PI were confirmed in 189 PD cases. Cluster analysis using the nature and location of disease disassembled from PI identified 7 groups: group 1 (wind, blood stasis) comprised 15 studies; group 2 (fire-heat, phlegm-retained fluid) comprised 7 studies; group 3 (liver, Qi stagnation) comprised 5 studies; group 4 (kidney, Yang deficiency) comprised 10 studies; group 5 (liver-kidney, Yin deficiency) comprised 93 studies; group 6 (Qi deficiency, blood deficiency) comprised 18 studies; and group 7 (meridian and collateral) comprised 9 studies. Conclusions: The findings provide evidence for the pathogenesis of PD and have the potential to translate into more specific TM patterns for PD. The authors hope that their study results will be used as a foundation for development of traditional medical diagnostic methods and treatments tailored to PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purumea Jun
- KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- University of Science and Technology, Campus of Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Korean Convergence Medical Science Major, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - HuiYan Zhao
- KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- University of Science and Technology, Campus of Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Korean Convergence Medical Science Major, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - In Chul Jung
- Department of Oriental Neuropsychiatry and College of Korean Medicine, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunsu Jang
- Department of Diagnosis, College of Korean Medicine, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ojin Kwon
- KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hee Jang
- KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Hedyotis diffusae Herba-Andrographis Herba inhibits the cellular proliferation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and triggers DNA damage through activation of p53 and p21. Cancer Gene Ther 2022; 29:973-983. [PMID: 34754077 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-021-00385-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulation of the cell cycle and the resulting aberrant cellular proliferation has been highlighted as a hallmark of cancer. Certain traditional Chinese medicines can inhibit cancer growth by inducing cell cycle arrest. In this study we explore the effect of Hedyotis diffusae Herba-Andrographis Herba on the cell cycle of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Hedyotis diffusae Herba-Andrographis Herba-containing serum was prepared and then added to the cell culture medium. BrdU, comet, and FUCCI assays, western blot analysis and flow cytometry analysis revealed that Hedyotis diffusae Herba-Andrographis Herba treatment significantly alters cell proliferation, DNA damage, and cell cycle distribution. Xenograft mouse model experiments were performed, confirming these in vitro findings in vivo. Treatment with Hedyotis diffusae Herba-Andrographis Herba inhibited cell proliferation, promoted DNA damage, and arrested NPC cells progression from G1 to S phase. Further examination of the underlying molecular mechanisms revealed that treatment with Hedyotis diffusae Herba-Andrographis Herba increased the expression of p53 and p21, while reducing that of CCND1, Phospho-Rb, E2F1, γH2AX, and Ki-67 both in vivo and in vitro. Conversely, the inhibition of p53 and p21 could abolish the promoting effect of Hedyotis diffusae Herba-Andrographis Herba on the NPC cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase, contributing to the proliferation of NPC cells. Hedyotis diffusae Herba-Andrographis Herba suppressed the tumor growth in vivo. Overall, these findings suggest that Hedyotis Diffusae Herba-Andrographis prevent the progression of NPC by inducing NPC cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase through a p53/p21-dependent mechanism, providing a novel potential therapeutic treatment against NPC.
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Huang MB, Gao Z, Xia M, Zhao X, Fan X, Lin S, Zhang L, Huang L, Wei A, Zhou H, Wu JY, Roth WW, Bond VC, Leng J. Improved Aitongxiao prescription (I-ATXP) induces apoptosis, cell cycle arrest and blocks exosomes release in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 14:90-113. [PMID: 35619665 PMCID: PMC9123477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second most common malignancy globally, after lung cancer, accounting for 85-90% of primary liver cancer. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is considered the leading risk factor for HCC development in China. HCC is a highly malignant cancer whose metastasis is primarily influenced by the tumor microenvironment. The role of exosomes in cancer development has become the focus of much research due to the many newly described contents of exosomes, which may contribute to tumorigenesis. However, the possible role exosomes play in the interactions between HCC cells and their surrounding hepatic milieu is mainly unknown. We discovered an Improved Aitongxiao Prescription (I-ATXP): an 80% alcohol extract from a mix of 15 specific plant and animal compounds, which had been shown to have an anticancer effect through inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest and blocking exosomes release in HCC cells. However, the anticancer mechanism of I-ATXP on human liver carcinoma is still unclear. OBJECTIVE Due to its inhibitory effects on chemical carcinogenesis and inflammation, I-ATXP has been proposed as an effective agent for preventing or treating human liver carcinoma. In this study, we aimed to explore the effect of I-ATXP on proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycles of different HCC cell lines. We investigated the impact of I-ATXP on exosomes' secretion derived from these HCC cells. METHODS The inhibitory effect of I-ATXP on proliferation and cytotoxicity of HepG2, SMMC7721, HKCL-C3 HCC cell lines, and MIHA immortalized hepatocyte cell line was assessed by CCK-8 assay. The cell cycle distribution and cell apoptosis were determined by flow cytometry using Annexin V-FITC/PI staining. The expression of Alix and CD63 of exosome marker proteins was detected by western blotting. The exosome protein concentration was measured by a fluorescent plate reader. The exosome-specific enzyme activity was measured by acetylcholinesterase (AchE) assay, and exosome morphological characteristics were identified by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). RESULTS I-ATXP inhibited the growth of HCC cells in a dose and time-dependent manner. Flow cytometry analysis showed that I-ATXP induced G0/G1 phase arrest and cell apoptosis. The I-ATX reduced HepG2, SMMC7721, and HKCI-C HCC cell lines exosomes release and low-dose I-ATXP significantly enhanced the growth inhibition induced by 5-Fu. Western blot analysis shows that after HCC cell lines were treated with various concentrations of I-ATXP (0.125-1 mg/ml) for 24 h, exosomes derived from three different HCC cells expressed exosome-specific proteins Alix and CD63. Compared with the untreated group, with the increment of the concentration of I-ATXP, the expression of exosome-specific proteins Alix and CD63 were reduced. These results suggest that I-ATXP can inhibit the release of exosomes with Alix and CD63 protein from HCC cells. CONCLUSIONS I-ATXP is a traditional Chinese medicine that acts as an effective agent for preventing or treating human liver carcinoma. (i) I-ATXP can effectively inhibit cell proliferation of different HCC cells in a time and dose-dependent manner. Compared with 5-Fu, I-ATXP exhibited more selective proliferation inhibition in HCC cells, displaying traditional Chinese medicine advantages on tumor therapy and providing the experimental basis for I-ATXP clinical application. (ii) I-ATXP can induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in HCC cells. The CCK-8 assay results indicated that I-ATXP could inhibit HCC cell proliferation mediated by apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. (iii) I-ATXP can inhibit both the exosome releases and expression of CD63, and Alix derived from HCC cells, but the exosomes derived from liver cancer cells affect liver cancer cells' biological properties such as proliferation, invasion, and migration. These suggest that I-ATXP may affect HCC cells via regulation of exosomes of HCC cells, further indicating the potential clinical values of I-ATXP for the prevention or treatment of human liver carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Bo Huang
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Immunology, Morehouse School of MedicineAtlanta, Georgia 30310, USA
| | - Zhao Gao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Treating High-Incidence Infectious Diseases with Integrative Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanning 530200, Guangxi, China
| | - Meng Xia
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Treating High-Incidence Infectious Diseases with Integrative Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanning 530200, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaoqing Zhao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Treating High-Incidence Infectious Diseases with Integrative Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanning 530200, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Fan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Treating High-Incidence Infectious Diseases with Integrative Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanning 530200, Guangxi, China
| | - Shijie Lin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Treating High-Incidence Infectious Diseases with Integrative Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanning 530200, Guangxi, China
| | - Lifeng Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Treating High-Incidence Infectious Diseases with Integrative Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanning 530200, Guangxi, China
| | - Li Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Treating High-Incidence Infectious Diseases with Integrative Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanning 530200, Guangxi, China
| | - Ailing Wei
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanning 530023, Guangxi, China
| | - Hu Zhou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Treating High-Incidence Infectious Diseases with Integrative Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanning 530200, Guangxi, China
| | - Jennifer Y Wu
- Columbia College, Columbia UniversityNew York, NY 10027, USA
| | - William W Roth
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Immunology, Morehouse School of MedicineAtlanta, Georgia 30310, USA
| | - Vincent C Bond
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Immunology, Morehouse School of MedicineAtlanta, Georgia 30310, USA
| | - Jing Leng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Treating High-Incidence Infectious Diseases with Integrative Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanning 530200, Guangxi, China
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Pun J, Wong W. Navigating communication between conventional medicine and traditional Chinese medicine: a case study of cancer patients in Hong Kong. Support Care Cancer 2022; 30:5729-5735. [PMID: 35325313 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-022-06986-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a growing phenomenon worldwide. Despite its historical role in Chinese society, however, few studies have explored the nature of communication among patients with cancer who receive TCM care in addition to conventional medicine. If TCM practitioners acquire adequate knowledge to understand the needs and communication issues for their patients with cancer, particularly those who are simultaneously receiving conventional medicine, this will lead to better quality of care and clinical outcomes, such as high patient satisfaction and treatment compliance. OBJECTIVES To fill this knowledge gap, this study explored the nature of communication among patients with cancer in Hong Kong who receive TCM treatment in addition to conventional medicine. PARTICIPANTS We conducted in-depth interviews with 20 patients, 5 oncologists and 5 TCM practitioners to elicit their views on TCM treatments. METHOD We adopted a qualitative approach using an interpretative phenomenological analysis. RESULTS Based on the themes that emerged from our interview transcripts, we outlined communication priorities when advising patients with cancer who are receiving both TCM and conventional medical care. We developed a framework to train TCM practitioners to better integrate their patients' conventional medical history when delivering patient care. CONCLUSIONS Our study findings inform communication priorities when caring for patients who opt for TCM care in addition to conventional treatments. In addition, they provide useful information for developing future clinical research studies to explore integrated approaches between TCM and conventional medicine in treating patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Pun
- Department of English, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
| | - Wendy Wong
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Institute of Integrative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
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Jiang Y, Liang D, He Y, Wang J, Xu G, Wang J. Acupuncture and moxibustion for cancer-related psychological disorders: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e28860. [PMID: 35451378 PMCID: PMC8913104 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000028860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cancer-related psychological disorders (CRPD) with high incidence are often underdiagnosed and undertreated. Although, some studies suggested that acupuncture and moxibustion (AM) are effective and safe for CRPD, lacking strong evidence, for instance, the relevant systematic review, meta-analysis, and randomized control trial (RCT) of a large sample, multicenter, makes the effects and safety remain uncertain. The aim of protocol is to evaluating the RCTs of AM for CRPD to verify the association of AM with the improvement of CRPD. METHODS AND ANALYSIS Eight electric databases (4 English databases and 4 Chinese databases) will be searched from inception to Mar. 2022. There will be no restrictions on the category of the language. The RCTs of AM for CRPD unlimited to any type of cancer will be included. Depression and anxiety scores will be the primary outcome indicators. Two researchers will independently complete study selection, evaluate the risk of bias, and extract the data. The RevMan 5.2 software will be used to conduct data synthesis using the random-effects model. The weighted mean differences or standardized mean differences with 95% CIs will be used to present the results of measurement data, and the risk ratios with 95% CIs will be used to express the counting data. Additionally, we will use the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation to assess evidence quality. MAIN RESULTS The results of the meta-analysis will be presented with tables and figures. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The results of this meta-analysis and meta-regression will be disseminated via publication in peer-reviewed journals and will be published at relevant conferences. The data to be used will not contain individual patient data; therefore, there is no need to worry about patient privacy. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020177219.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Jiang
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Liang
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yadi He
- Acupuncture and moxibustion college, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Guixing Xu
- Acupuncture and moxibustion college, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Wang
- Teaching Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
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Ylva W, Per F, Anna E. Acupuncture in Patients Undergoing Cancer Therapy: Their Interest and Belief in Acupuncture is High, But Few are Using It. Integr Cancer Ther 2022; 21:15347354221077277. [PMID: 35212241 PMCID: PMC8883291 DOI: 10.1177/15347354221077277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Since pre-existing expectations, that is, beliefs, in a treatment may modify outcomes, and acupuncture studies often fail to measure expectations, we wanted to investigate the use of acupuncture, interest, and belief in acupuncture effects among patients undergoing cancer therapy. METHOD A cross-sectional design, where the participants answered a study-specific questionnaire with questions regarding their use of, interest and belief in acupuncture treatment. RESULTS A total of 457 patients with cancer (48% men, mean age 65 years) answered the questionnaire. Acupuncture was used by 4 (1%) patients during their cancer therapy, and 368 (83%) expressed an interest in receiving acupuncture. Of the 457 patients, 289 (63%) believed acupuncture to be effective for at least 1 of 17 requested symptoms, most commonly pain (56% of the patients) and muscle tension (40%). They believed acupuncture to be effective for a mean value 3 of the 17 requested symptoms. Women (P < .001), and patients 41 to 65 years (P < .001), expressed a stronger belief in acupuncture effects than others. CONCLUSIONS Men and older patients expressed weaker beliefs in acupuncture effects than other patients, indicating the importance of collecting expectancy data in future randomized sham-controlled acupuncture studies to be able to treat expectancy as an effect-modifier. The high interest and beliefs in acupuncture effects found also indicate that acupuncture should be available for patients with cancer, for side effects where acupuncture has shown to be effective. In a clinical setting, older men might need more encouragement regarding positive expected outcomes of the acupuncture treatment than younger women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Widgren Ylva
- University of Gävle, Gavle, Sweden.,Region Hospital of Sundsvall-Härnösand, County Council of Västernorrland, Sundsvall
| | - Fransson Per
- Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Umeå University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden
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Li L, Wang R, Zhang A, Wang L, Ge Q, Liu Y, Chen T, Wang CC, Leung PC, Sun Q, Fan X. Evidence on Efficacy and Safety of Chinese Medicines Combined Western Medicines Treatment for Breast Cancer With Endocrine Therapy. Front Oncol 2021; 11:661925. [PMID: 34235077 PMCID: PMC8255804 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.661925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer, a malignant disorder, occurs in epithelial tissue of the breast glands and ducts. Endocrine therapy is commonly applied as an important adjuvant treatment for breast cancer, but it usually induces a variety of side effects. Chinese Medicines (CM) has therapeutic effect on reducing adverse effects of the endocrine therapy in many clinical studies. But strong evidence is still limited on the efficacy and safety of CM combined western medicines (CM-WM) for breast cancer. Objective To study the efficacy and safety of CM-WM as an adjuvant treatment for reducing side effects induced by endocrine therapy in breast cancer patients. Method We searched relevant clinical studies in PubMed and the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases up to February 28, 2021 and only Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) were included. There were no limitations on the languages. We extracted data from the included RCTs, assessed study quality, conducted meta-analyses by RevMan 5.4 and compared the pooled Risk Ratios (RR) or Mean Difference (MD) with 95% CIs. Results In total 28 trials involving 1,926 participants were included. Six RCTs compared CM-WM with CM placebo-WM, while 22 RCTs compared CM-WM with WM alone. No study compared CM-WM with no treatment. Meta-analysis showed that CM-WM treatment significantly improved quality of life (MD = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.11–1.35, P = 0.02) when compared with CM placebo-WM treatment. When compared with WM treatment alone, CM-WM treatment significantly improved bone mineral density (MD = 0.24, 95% CI = 0.13–0.35, P <0.0001), TCM syndrome score (MD = −5.39, 95% CI = −8.81 to −1.97, P = 0.0002), Kupperman Scale (MD = 0.24, 95% CI = −2.76 to −1.94, P <0.0001), Karnofsky Performance Scale (MD = 3.76, 95% CI = 1.64–5.88, P = 0.0005), quality of life (MD = 3.01, 95% CI = 1.00–5.02, P = 0.003), and pain relief (MD = 2.10, 95% CI = 0.72–3.48, P <0.0001). Compared with WM, CM-WM significantly decreased incidence of TCM symptoms (nausea, vomiting, fatigue, etc.) (RR = 1.60, 95% CI = 1.40–1.84, P <0.0001). For safety, serum calcium, estradiol, ALP, and blood CD3, CD4 and CD8 counts were not significantly difference between two treatments (P >0.05). Serious side effects or reactions were not reported in all included studies. Conclusion The adjunctive use of CM reduced the endocrine therapy associated adverse events, including bone mineral density loss, perimenopausal symptoms, poor quality of life, pain and impaired immune function. But large-scale and high quality RCTs are needed to support the application of CM-WM therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Innovation Center in Zhejiang University, State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Obstetrics & Gyneacology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Rongyun Wang
- School of Nursing, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Aolin Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Innovation Center in Zhejiang University, State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ling Wang
- The First College of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qianwen Ge
- The First College of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- The First College of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Tianhui Chen
- Department of Cancer Prevention/Experimental Research Center, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chi Chiu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gyneacology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,School of Nursing, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ping Chung Leung
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Qiuhua Sun
- School of Nursing, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohui Fan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Innovation Center in Zhejiang University, State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Yap NY, Loo WS, Zheng HF, Tan QM, Tan TK, Quek LYP, Tan CJ, Toh YL, Ng CC, Ang SK, Tan VKM, Ho HK, Chew L, Loh KWJ, Tan TJY, Chan A. A study protocol for HEalth-Related quality of life-intervention in survivors of Breast and other cancers experiencing cancer-related fatigue using TraditionAL Chinese Medicine: the HERBAL trial. Trials 2020; 21:909. [PMID: 33187543 PMCID: PMC7664081 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-020-04810-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is a debilitating condition which commonly affects cancer survivors. The management of CRF remains a challenge due to the lack of effective pharmacological interventions. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) could be a potential therapeutic option for CRF. The modified Xiang Bei Yang Rong Tang (XBYRT) is a TCM herbal decoction, formulated to improve fatigue symptoms in cancer survivors. This clinical trial aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of XBYRT in improving CRF and quality of life (QOL) of cancer survivors. METHODS This is a single centre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel trial. Eighty cancer survivors will be recruited and randomized to receive the XBYRT or placebo decoction, in a ratio of 1:1. Participants will consume the XBYRT/placebo decoction daily for 8 weeks and undergo assessments at baseline and 4, 8 and 10 weeks after baseline. The participants will be assessed for patient-reported outcomes (PRO), blood biomarkers and adverse events at each time point. The primary outcome is the overall health and QOL status, at 8 weeks follow-up. The secondary outcomes are the effects of XBYRT on fatigue levels, cancer-related cognitive impairment and QOL, as assessed by PRO. The incidence of adverse events and the effects of the XBYRT decoction on blood biomarkers associated with CRF will also be evaluated. DISCUSSION Efficacy and safety outcomes from this trial will provide important clinical data to guide future large-scale randomized controlled trials, and the evaluation of the objective blood biomarkers can help to delineate the biological mechanisms of CRF. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04104113 . Registered on 26 September 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Yi Yap
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wei Sheng Loo
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Quan Ming Tan
- Singapore Thong Chai Medical Institution, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tze Kiat Tan
- Singapore Thong Chai Medical Institution, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Chia Jie Tan
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yi Long Toh
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chiu Chin Ng
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Seng Kok Ang
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Veronique Kiak Mien Tan
- Division of Surgery & Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Han Kiat Ho
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lita Chew
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kiley Wei-Jen Loh
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tira Jing Ying Tan
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Alexandre Chan
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy Practice, University of California, Irvine, USA
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Lam CS, Cheng LP, Zhou LM, Cheung YT, Zuo Z. Herb-drug interactions between the medicinal mushrooms Lingzhi and Yunzhi and cytotoxic anticancer drugs: a systematic review. Chin Med 2020; 15:75. [PMID: 32724333 PMCID: PMC7382813 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-020-00356-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lingzhi and Yunzhi are medicinal mushrooms commonly used with cytotoxic chemotherapy in cancer patients in Asian countries. The current systematic review aims to identify potential pharmacokinetic or pharmacodynamic interactions from the existing literature to ensure their effective and safe combination usage in cancer patients. METHODS A systematic search was conducted on nine major Chinese and English databases, including China Journal Net, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, and Ovid MEDLINE®, etc., to identify clinical, animal, and in-vitro studies that evaluate the effect of combined use of Lingzhi or Yunzhi with cytotoxic drugs. The Jadad scale was used to assess the quality of clinical studies. RESULTS This search identified 213 studies, including 77 clinical studies that reported on the combined use of cytotoxic drugs with Yunzhi (n = 56) or Lingzhi (n = 21). Majority of these clinical studies demonstrated modest methodological quality. In clinical practice, the most commonly used cytotoxic drugs with Lingzhi were cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and paclitaxel, whereas Tegafur/uracil (UFT)/Tegafur, 5-FU, and mitomycin were the ones used more often with Yunzhi. Only two clinical pharmacokinetic studies were available showing no significant interactions between Polysaccharide K (PSK) and Tegafur. From the pharmacodynamic interactions perspective, combination uses of Yunzhi/Lingzhi with cytotoxic drugs in clinical practice could lead to improvement in survival (n = 31) and quality of life (n = 17), reduction in tumor lesions (n = 22), immune modulation (n = 38), and alleviation of chemotherapy-related side effects (n = 14) with no reported adverse effects. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that the clinical combination use of Lingzhi or Yunzhi with cytotoxic drugs could enhance the efficacy and ameliorate the adverse effects of cytotoxic drugs, leading to improved quality of life in cancer patients. More high quality clinical studies including pharmacokinetic herb-drug interactions studies are warranted to verify these observations and mechanisms involved. Based on the high quality clinical data, pharmacoepidemiology methods and bioinformatics or data mining could be adopt for further identification of clinical meaningful herb-drug interactions in cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Sing Lam
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lok Pui Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Min Zhou
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon City, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yin Ting Cheung
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhong Zuo
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
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Integration of ATAC-Seq and RNA-Seq Identifies Key Genes in Light-Induced Primordia Formation of Sparassis latifolia. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:ijms21010185. [PMID: 31888059 PMCID: PMC6981827 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Light is an essential environmental factor for Sparassis latifolia primordia formation, but the molecular mechanism is still unclear. In this study, differential expression profiling of light-induced primordia formation (LIPF) was established by integrating the assay for transposase accessible chromatin by sequencing (ATAC-seq) and RNA-seq technology. The integrated results from the ATAC-seq and RNA-seq showed 13 down-regulated genes and 17 up-regulated genes in both the L vs. D and P vs. D groups, for both methods. According to the gene ontology (GO) annotation of these differentially expressed genes (DEGs), the top three biological process categories were cysteine biosynthetic process via cystathionine, vitamin B6 catabolic, and glycine metabolic; the top three molecular function categories were 5-methyltetrahydropteroyltriglutamate-homocysteine S-methyltransferase activity, glycine binding, and pyridoxal phosphate binding; cellular component categories were significantly enriched in the glycine cleavage complex. The KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) enrichment analysis revealed that these genes were associated with vitamin B6 metabolism; selenocompound metabolism; cysteine and methionine metabolism; glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism; and glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism pathways. The expression of most of the DEGs was validated by qRT-PCR. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first integrative analysis of ATAC-seq and RNA-seq for macro-fungi. These results provided a new perspective on the understanding of key pathways and hub genes in LIPF in S. latifolia. It will be helpful in understanding the primary environmental response, and provides new information to the existing models of primordia formation in edible and medicinal fungi.
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Cen W, Hoppe R, Sun A, Ding H, Gu N. Machine-readable Yin-Yang imbalance: traditional Chinese medicine syndrome computer modeling based on three-dimensional noninvasive cardiac electrophysiology imaging. J Int Med Res 2019; 47:1580-1591. [PMID: 30832524 PMCID: PMC6460602 DOI: 10.1177/0300060518824247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The principal diagnostic methods of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) are inspection, auscultation and olfaction, inquiry, and pulse-taking. Treatment by syndrome differentiation is likely to be subjective. This study was designed to provide a basic theory for TCM diagnosis and establish an objective means of evaluating the correctness of syndrome differentiation. Methods We herein provide the basic theory of TCM syndrome computer modeling based on a noninvasive cardiac electrophysiology imaging technique. Noninvasive cardiac electrophysiology imaging records the heart’s electrical activity from hundreds of electrodes on the patient’s torso surface and therefore provides much more information than 12-lead electrocardiography. Through mathematical reconstruction algorithm calculations, the reconstructed heart model is a machine-readable description of the underlying mathematical physics model that reveals the detailed three-dimensional (3D) electrophysiological activity of the heart. Results From part of the simulation results, the imaged 3D cardiac electrical source provides dynamic information regarding the heart’s electrical activity at any given location within the 3D myocardium. Conclusions This noninvasive cardiac electrophysiology imaging method is suitable for translating TCM syndromes into a computable format of the underlying mathematical physics model to offer TCM diagnosis evidence-based standards for ensuring correct evaluation and rigorous, scientific data for demonstrating its efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Cen
- 1 Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, China.,2 Technische Universität Ilmenau, Ilmenau, Germany
| | - Ralph Hoppe
- 3 Ganzheitliches Gesundheits Zentrum, Germany
| | - Aiwu Sun
- 1 Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, China
| | - Hongyan Ding
- 1 Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, China
| | - Ning Gu
- 4 The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, China
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12
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Hong Kong Chinese Medicine Clinical Practice Guideline for Cancer Palliative Care: Pain, Constipation, and Insomnia. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:1038206. [PMID: 30805017 PMCID: PMC6362507 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1038206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
It is common for patients with cancers in Hong Kong seeking Chinese Medicine (CM) therapies as supportive care during cancer treatment and to manage treatment-related side effects. This article provides clinical practice guideline (CPG) on the use of CM for specific clinical indications caused by cancer and during cancer treatment, including pain, constipation, and insomnia, and aims to guide local licensed CM practitioners and provide beneficial reference for social medical decision makers and patients. In this manuscript, we summarize the clinical manifestation, CM pattern classification, and CM intervention including herbal treatment, acupuncture treatment, regulating, and nursing based on pattern differentiation.
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Han H, Wang L, Liu Y, Shi X, Zhang X, Li M, Wang T. Combination of curcuma zedoary and kelp inhibits growth and metastasis of liver cancer in vivo and in vitro via reducing endogenous H 2S levels. Food Funct 2019; 10:224-234. [PMID: 30534696 DOI: 10.1039/c8fo01594e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
The combination of traditional Chinese medicines can improve the efficacy of cancer treatment. Furthermore, the combination of the traditional Chinese medicine curcuma zedoary and kelp was used to enhance the effect of the dissipation of blood stasis in pediatrics during the Song Dynasty. Curcumenol and laminarin, the main components of curcuma zedoary and kelp, are also reported to have a wide range of biological activities. Therefore, we hypothesize that the combination of curcuma zedoary and kelp may prevent the development of cancer. The aim of this research was to confirm whether a combination of curcuma zedoary and kelp could inhibit the proliferation and metastasis of hepatoma cells and consequently improve prognosis. In this study, we firstly found in H22-bearing mice that the combination of curcuma zedoary and kelp inhibited tumor growth and the expression of metastasis-related proteins (MMPs, VEGF, pAkt, pERK1/2). Meanwhile, the decreased cystathionine beta synthase (CBS, an endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) synthetase) level was also observed in H22-bearing mice admistrated with the combination of curcuma zedoary and kelp. It was also observed that the combination of curcumenol and laminarin inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion in human hepatoma HepG2 cells. Furthermore, we investigated the potential inhibiting mechanism of the combination of curcumenol and laminarin on HepG2 cell proliferation and metastasis. Our previous research showed that a CBS/H2S system was vital for maintaining the proliferation in hepatoma cells. Here, we found that the levels of pSTAT3 and BCL-2 were decreased in CBS knockdown HepG2 cells and the combination of curcumenol and laminarin significantly decreased the H2S level in a dose-dependent manner and down-regulated the levels of pSTAT3 and BCL-2 in HepG2 cells. Angiogenesis, positively regulated by the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), is essential for human cancer metastasis. In the present study, we found that the combination of curcumenol and laminarin could significantly down-regulate the expression levels of VEGF and its downstream key genes pAkt and pERK1/2. Furthermore, previous research showed that hydrogen sulfide could stimulate angiogenesis. Here, we also observed the reduction of the VEGF, Akt, pAkt, ERK1/2 and pERK1/2 proteins levels and the inhibition of proliferation and metastasis in CBS knockdown HepG2 cells. Moreover, exogenous H2S rescued the cytological results caused by the combination of curcumenol and laminarin. Taken together, the combination of curcuma zedoary and kelp could inhibit the proliferation and metastasis of liver cancer cells in vivo and in vitro by inhibiting endogenous H2S production and down-regulating the pSTAT3/BCL-2 and VEGF pathway, which provides strong evidence for the application of curcuma zedoary and kelp in treatments of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanxiao Han
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Food & Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004 Henan, China.
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14
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The potential role of tubeimosides in cancer prevention and treatment. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 162:109-121. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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15
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Chan CW, Cheng H, Au SK, Leung KT, Li YC, Wong KH, Molassiotis A. Living with chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy: Uncovering the symptom experience and self-management of neuropathic symptoms among cancer survivors. Eur J Oncol Nurs 2018; 36:135-141. [PMID: 30322504 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejon.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2018] [Revised: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The study aimed at uncovering the symptom experience of neurotoxicity, self-adopted approaches and perspectives in managing chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathic (CIPN) symptoms in a sample of Chinese cancer survivors. METHODS A qualitative descriptive study was used to explore individual experiences. A purposive sample of 12 female participants experiencing CIPN was invited to semi-structured interviews who were part of a larger prospective observational study investigating the natural progression and risk factors of CIPN. Textual interview data were managed in NVivo. Content analysis was used. RESULTS Participants were aged 41-64 years and experienced moderate to severe neuropathic symptoms from 5 to 23 months after completion of a six-cycle chemotherapy regimens at reported during the interviews. Four categories emerged from the qualitative data, namely, (1) experience come to reality: characteristics of CIPN symptoms, (2) disruptions and perceived threat: ability to perform activities and resume work, (3) re-establishing an 'at least satisfactory level of well-being', and (4) views of and approaches in managing neuropathic symptoms. CONCLUSIONS The characteristics of CIPN symptoms causing disruptions in functional and/or psychosocial well-being from the patients' perspectives and the self-help strategies used to manage symptoms showed a need to provide quality multidisciplinary supportive care, focusing on restoring functional and psychosocial well-being, and enhancing knowledge about symptom assessment and evidence-based strategies for empowering cancer survivors to cope with this complex symptom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Choi Wan Chan
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
| | - Huilin Cheng
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | | | - Kwun To Leung
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Yu Chung Li
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Kam Hung Wong
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Alex Molassiotis
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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16
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A Cognitive-Behavioral Intervention for the Symptom Clusters of Chinese Patients With Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer Undergoing Chemotherapy: A Pilot Study. Cancer Nurs 2018; 42:E24-E31. [PMID: 30045133 DOI: 10.1097/ncc.0000000000000625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with gastrointestinal tract (GIT) cancer undergoing chemotherapy often experience several symptoms that constitute symptom clusters and can cause patients to suffer. Effective interventions are lacking for this kind of patients. OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were to test the feasibility and acceptability of a cognitive-behavioral (CB) intervention developed for Chinese patients with GIT cancer undergoing chemotherapy and to estimate the efficacy of the intervention for symptom clusters. METHODS In this pilot, quasi-randomized controlled trial, 40 patients were assigned to the CB intervention or control group. The CB intervention, considering characteristics of patients and Chinese culture, contained 4 sections including cognitive reframing, cancer-diet education, relaxation, and exercise techniques. Symptom clusters, illness perception, anxiety, and depression were measured. RESULTS Thirty-nine patients (97.5%) completed the study program and expressed willingness to follow the intervention. Compared with the control group, all outcomes were improved (all P < .05) in the CB group after the intervention, except for the gastrointestinal symptom cluster (t = 0.25, P = .802). In the CB group, the scores of all outcomes (all P < .05) decreased except for depression (t = 1.76, P = .095). CONCLUSION The CB intervention is partially feasible and acceptable. It may also help to improve part of the symptom clusters of Chinese patients with GIT cancer undergoing chemotherapy. However, some modifications are needed in future studies to better test effectiveness. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Symptom management remains a major problem in clinical nursing. Such a CB intervention can be beneficial to the clinical management of symptom clusters.
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Huang MY, Zhang LL, Ding J, Lu JJ. Anticancer drug discovery from Chinese medicinal herbs. Chin Med 2018; 13:35. [PMID: 29997684 PMCID: PMC6031194 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-018-0192-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is still presenting a serious threat to human health worldwide. The understanding of the complex biology of cancer and the development of oncotherapy have led to increasing treatment approaches such as targeted therapy and immunotherapy. Chinese medicinal herbs have attracted considerable attention due to their potential anticancer effects. Some natural products or formulae from Chinese medicinal herbs with directly or indirectly anticancer effects have been reported. In this article, we summarized the current progression on development of anticancer drugs from Chinese medicinal herbs, toward providing ideas for further development and application of Chinese medicinal herbs in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mu-Yang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, 7014, N22, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao China
| | - Le-Le Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, 7014, N22, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao China
| | - Jian Ding
- 2Division of Anti-tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin-Jian Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, 7014, N22, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao China
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Cheng CS, Chen J, Tan HY, Wang N, Chen Z, Feng Y. Scutellaria baicalensis and Cancer Treatment: Recent Progress and Perspectives in Biomedical and Clinical Studies. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2018; 46:25-54. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x18500027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Abstract
Scutellaria baicalensis (Huangqin in Chinese) is a major traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) herb, which has a long history of use in the treatment of a variety of symptoms correlated with cancer. In the past decade, the potential of S. baicalensis and single compounds derived from it as anticancer agents targeting various pathways has received extensive research attention. Specifically, the proliferation and metastases inhibiting properties of the single compounds in cancer have been studied; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This review summarizes the various mechanisms, pathways and molecular targets involved in the anticancer activity of S. baicalensis and its single compounds. However, the aim of this review is to provide a more thorough view of the last 10 years to link traditional use with modern research and to highlight recently discovered molecular mechanisms. Extracts and major flavonoids derived from S. baicalensis have been found to possess anticancer effects in multiple cancer cell lines both in vitro and in vivo. Further investigation is warranted to better understand the underlying mechanisms and to discover novel targets and cancer therapeutic drugs that may improve both the survival and quality of life of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Shan Cheng
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Jie Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Institute of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P. R. China
| | - Hor-Yue Tan
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Ning Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Yibin Feng
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
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19
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Zhao Y, Yang A, Tu P, Hu Z. Anti-tumor effects of the American cockroach, Periplaneta americana. Chin Med 2017; 12:26. [PMID: 28919922 PMCID: PMC5596864 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-017-0149-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the incidence of cancer has been on the rise due to increasing exposure to various carcinogenic factors in recent years, cancer has gradually become the first killer to the health of human beings. A growing attention has been paid to anti-cancer effects of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with low toxicity and good efficacy. As a kind of TCM, Periplaneta americana (P. americana) has a good effect on clinical application, and its anti-tumor effects has been increasingly well studied. In this review, the research progress on the anti-tumor effects of P. americana was summarized. The main mechanisms of its anti-tumor effects include suppression of tumor cell growth, induction of cell cycle arrest and tumor cell apoptosis, inhibition of angiogenesis, enhancement of immunity, and reversal of tumor drug resistance. This review aims to provide an overview of the research on anti-tumor effects of P. americana and aids in its further application as an anti-tumor drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Zhao
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.11 North Third Ring Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Ailin Yang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.11 North Third Ring Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Pengfei Tu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.11 North Third Ring Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Zhongdong Hu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.11 North Third Ring Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029 China
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20
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Porter D, Cochrane S, Zhu X. Current Usage of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Breast Cancer-A Narrative Approach to the Experiences of Women with Breast Cancer in Australia-A Pilot Study. MEDICINES 2017; 4:medicines4020020. [PMID: 28930235 PMCID: PMC5590056 DOI: 10.3390/medicines4020020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2016] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Background: The use of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) by breast cancer patients is growing. Few studies have examined the complexity of breast cancer survivors' attitudes, lived experiences, barriers, and perceptions in using TCM as part of their treatment journey. This article examines breast cancer survivors' experiences, perceptions of, and benefits (or not) in using TCM. Methods: Qualitative research, using semi-structured interviews, was the chosen methodology. Results: Participants used TCM as a form of self-help and as a complement, not an alternative, to standard care. Overall, 100% of the participants used acupuncture, 62% used Chinese herbal medicine, 23% used Qigong, and 23% used Chinese dietary therapy. Participants reported perceived outcomes and health benefits from TCM usage ranging from increased coping mechanisms, relieving stress and side-effects of standard treatment, the desire to be pro-active in the treatment journey, and to have a locus of control. Some cited the need to have "time-out" and the therapeutic relationship with the practitioner as being important. Conclusion: There is a clear need to understand breast cancer survivors' needs for physical and psychological support as they aim to regain control over their life through their experience of illness. More studies are needed to measure and evaluate these outcomes and to help identify breast cancer survivors' healthcare seeking behaviours, during and after the acute treatment stage that addresses their physical, emotional, and spiritual needs. These results aim to inform future research design and evaluate and develop support services that are patient-centred and focus on whole health outcomes, shared decision-making, and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianna Porter
- National Institute of Complementary Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith 2751, Australia.
| | - Suzanne Cochrane
- National Institute of Complementary Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith 2751, Australia.
| | - Xiaoshu Zhu
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Penrith 2751, Australia.
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21
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Prevalence, perceptions and factors influencing the use of traditional and complementary medicine (T&CM) in Zimbabwe’s adult population: The case of Bindura District. Eur J Integr Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2016.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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22
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McPherson L, Cochrane S, Zhu X. Current Usage of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Management of Breast Cancer: A Practitioner's Perspective. Integr Cancer Ther 2015; 15:335-42. [PMID: 26420777 PMCID: PMC5739178 DOI: 10.1177/1534735415607656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction. This qualitative study seeks to explore the role within the context of Australian breast cancer oncology treatments that traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) practitioners play in the treatment of breast cancer. Methods. Semistructured interviews were used on 2 groups: the first group was TCM practitioners who were recognized experts in breast cancer, and the second group consisted of TCM practitioners who treated breast cancer as part of their practice but were not recognized experts. Data analysis was achieved through grounded theory with open coding. Results. The main themes reported on here are the following: the role of TCM in the biomedical management of breast cancer, TCM strategies for the management of breast cancer, and the perceived holistic approach of the TCM practitioner and the importance of a TCM diagnosis in the role of breast cancer care. Discussion. The role of TCM in biomedical breast cancer management is a supportive one; however, this role is difficult as there is a lack of understanding of TCM by biomedical practitioners. The viewpoints of practitioners differed on key strategies of TCM: diagnosis, and treatment protocols. Patients sought the holistic approach of TCM practitioners as they felt it addressed all aspects of their health and not just the symptoms relating to breast cancer. Conclusion. The lack of an integrated medicine approach in relation to TCM makes it difficult to demonstrate the value of the contribution TCM can make to biomedicine in the field of breast care oncology. Effectiveness studies are needed that can accurately represent TCM in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke McPherson
- University of Western Sydney, Macarthur, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Suzanne Cochrane
- University of Western Sydney, Macarthur, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Xiaoshu Zhu
- University of Western Sydney, Macarthur, New South Wales, Australia
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23
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Wang X, Wang N, Cheung F, Lao L, Li C, Feng Y. Chinese medicines for prevention and treatment of human hepatocellular carcinoma: current progress on pharmacological actions and mechanisms. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE-JIM 2015; 13:142-64. [PMID: 26006028 DOI: 10.1016/s2095-4964(15)60171-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of leading causes of death in the world. Although various treatments have been developed, the therapeutic side effects are far from desirable. Chinese medicines (CMs, including plants, animal parts and minerals) have drawn a great deal of attention in recent years for their potential in the treatment of HCC. Most studies have shown that CMs may be able to retard HCC progression with multiple actions, either alone or in combination with other conventional therapies to improve quality of life in HCC patients. Additionally, CMs are used for preventing HCC occurrence. The aim of this study is to review the potential prophylactic and curative effects of CMs on human HCC and the possible mechanisms that underlie these pharmacological actions. Publications were collected and reviewed from PubMed and China National Knowledge Infrastructure from 2000 to 2014. Keywords for literature searches include "Chinese medicine", "Chinese herb", "traditional Chinese Medicine", "hepatocellular carcinoma" and "liver cancer". CMs in forms of pure compounds, isolated fractions, and composite formulas are included. Combination therapies are also considered. Both in vitro and in vivo efficacies of CMs are being discussed and the translational potential to bedside is to be discussed with clinical cases, which show the actions of CMs on HCC may include tumor growth inhibition, antimetastatic activities, anti-inflammation, anti-liver cancer stem cells, reversal on multi-drug resistance and induction/reduction of oxidative stress. Multiple types of molecules are found to contribute in the above actions. The review paper indicated that CMs might have potential to both prevent HCC occurrence and retard HCC progression with several molecular targets involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanbin Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ning Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Fan Cheung
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lixing Lao
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Charlie Li
- California Department of Public Health, Richmond, CA 94804, USA
| | - Yibin Feng
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Thompson LMA, Osian SR, Jacobsen PB, Johnstone PAS. Patient-reported Outcomes of Acupuncture for Symptom Control in Cancer. J Acupunct Meridian Stud 2015; 8:127-33. [PMID: 26100066 DOI: 10.1016/j.jams.2015.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Revised: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Acupuncture is increasingly offered as a treatment option for managing cancer-related symptoms. In addition to randomized controlled trials, patient-reported outcomes may be needed to establish treatment effectiveness. This study retrospectively examined the symptoms and the satisfaction ratings of 90 patients receiving acupuncture at an integrative oncology clinic. At least two acupuncture sessions were completed by 72% of the sample. The prevalence rates of fatigue, pain, anxiety, physical distress, emotional distress, and poor quality of life before acupuncture were > 62%. Paired t tests revealed a significant reduction in symptoms from baseline until after the first acupuncture session and after the last session (p < 0.05). Fewer (21%) patients reported nausea, which was significantly reduced after the first session, but not the last session. Reductions represented clinically meaningful differences in 33-41% of patients after the first session and in 41-53% of patients after the last session for all symptoms, except nausea. A small subset of patients (0-8%) reported worsening symptoms after acupuncture. The majority were satisfied with the service. The results of this study suggest that acupuncture may be useful as an adjunct treatment for cancer symptom management. While high-quality trials are still needed to establish the treatment's efficacy, patients may benefit from these primarily safe, low-cost services.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah Rausch Osian
- Center for Health Equity and Quality Research, Department of Emergency Medicine, Divisions of Palliative Care and Corporate Wellness, University of Florida Jacksonville, Jacksonville, USA
| | - Paul B Jacobsen
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, USA
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Lin W, Zhuang Q, Zheng L, Cao Z, Shen A, Li Q, Fu C, Feng J, Peng J. Pien Tze Huang inhibits liver metastasis by targeting TGF-β signaling in an orthotopic model of colorectal cancer. Oncol Rep 2015; 33:1922-8. [PMID: 25653118 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.3784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in almost all types of cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a critical process during the metastatic cascade. This process may be a potential target for the diagnosis and treatment of CRC. Pien Tze Huang (PZH), a well-known traditional Chinese formula, has been demonstrated to be clinically effective in treating various types of human malignancies, including CRC. Our published data suggest that PZH can induce apoptosis, as well as inhibit cell proliferation and tumor angiogenesis, thus suppressing CRC growth in vitro and in vivo. We evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of PZH against CRC metastasis using a CRC liver metastasis mouse model to further explore the mechanisms underlying the antitumor action of PZH. MTT, migration, and Matrigel invasion assays were used to assess the effect of PZH on cell viability, migration and invasion. We then established an orthotopic liver metastasis model of colon cancer using microsurgical techniques. Mice were intragastrically administered 234 mg/kg/day dose of either PZH or saline for 14 days. The body and tumor weights of the mice were measured after they were sacrificed. Moreover, we examined the effect of PZH inhibition on liver metastasis. Finally, EMT-related proteins and the TGF-β signaling pathway were assessed using immunohistochemical staining (IHS). The present data revealed that PZH significantly inhibited the migration and invasion of CT-26 cells in a dose-dependent manner, which affirmed the inhibitory effect of PZH on CRC cell metastasis. No significant change was observed between the in vivo primary tumor growth and body weight. However, the control group had five cases of liver metastasis (5/6), whereas one case was found in the PZH group (1/6). Thus, PZH exhibited therapeutic efficacy against CRC metastasis without apparent toxicity. The inhibitory effect of PZH on EMT resulted in an increase in E-cadherin expression, as well as a decrease in N-cadherin expression. In addition, PZH significantly inhibited TGF-β, as well as the phosphorylation of Smad2/3 and Smad4 in the tumor tissues, indicating its suppressive action on TGF-β signaling. These molecular effects ultimately resulted in the inhibition of cancer cell EMT and tumor metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lin
- Academy of Integrative Medicine Biomedical Research Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Qunchuan Zhuang
- Academy of Integrative Medicine Biomedical Research Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Liangpu Zheng
- Academy of Integrative Medicine Biomedical Research Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyun Cao
- Academy of Integrative Medicine Biomedical Research Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Aling Shen
- Academy of Integrative Medicine Biomedical Research Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Qiongyu Li
- Academy of Integrative Medicine Biomedical Research Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Caixuan Fu
- Academy of Integrative Medicine Biomedical Research Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Jianyu Feng
- Academy of Integrative Medicine Biomedical Research Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Jun Peng
- Academy of Integrative Medicine Biomedical Research Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
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Chinese medicines induce cell death: the molecular and cellular mechanisms for cancer therapy. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:530342. [PMID: 25379508 PMCID: PMC4212527 DOI: 10.1155/2014/530342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chinese medicines have long history in treating cancer. With the growing scientific evidence of biomedical researches and clinical trials in cancer therapy, they are increasingly accepted as a complementary and alternative treatment. One of the mechanisms is to induce cancer cell death. Aim. To comprehensively review the publications concerning cancer cell death induced by Chinese medicines in recent years and provide insights on anticancer drug discovery from Chinese medicines. Materials and Methods. Chinese medicines (including Chinese medicinal herbs, animal parts, and minerals) were used in the study. The key words including “cancer”, “cell death”, “apoptosis”, “autophagy,” “necrosis,” and “Chinese medicine” were used in retrieval of related information from PubMed and other databases. Results. The cell death induced by Chinese medicines is described as apoptotic, autophagic, or necrotic cell death and other types with an emphasis on their mechanisms of anticancer action. The relationship among different types of cell death induced by Chinese medicines is critically reviewed and discussed. Conclusions. This review summarizes that CMs treatment could induce multiple pathways leading to cancer cell death, in which apoptosis is the dominant type. To apply these preclinical researches to clinic application will be a key issue in the future.
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Goss PE, Strasser-Weippl K, Lee-Bychkovsky BL, Fan L, Li J, Chavarri-Guerra Y, Liedke PER, Pramesh CS, Badovinac-Crnjevic T, Sheikine Y, Chen Z, Qiao YL, Shao Z, Wu YL, Fan D, Chow LWC, Wang J, Zhang Q, Yu S, Shen G, He J, Purushotham A, Sullivan R, Badwe R, Banavali SD, Nair R, Kumar L, Parikh P, Subramanian S, Chaturvedi P, Iyer S, Shastri SS, Digumarti R, Soto-Perez-de-Celis E, Adilbay D, Semiglazov V, Orlov S, Kaidarova D, Tsimafeyeu I, Tatishchev S, Danishevskiy KD, Hurlbert M, Vail C, St Louis J, Chan A. Challenges to effective cancer control in China, India, and Russia. Lancet Oncol 2014; 15:489-538. [PMID: 24731404 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(14)70029-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 322] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the major non-communicable diseases posing a threat to world health. Unfortunately, improvements in socioeconomic conditions are usually associated with increased cancer incidence. In this Commission, we focus on China, India, and Russia, which share rapidly rising cancer incidence and have cancer mortality rates that are nearly twice as high as in the UK or the USA, vast geographies, growing economies, ageing populations, increasingly westernised lifestyles, relatively disenfranchised subpopulations, serious contamination of the environment, and uncontrolled cancer-causing communicable infections. We describe the overall state of health and cancer control in each country and additional specific issues for consideration: for China, access to care, contamination of the environment, and cancer fatalism and traditional medicine; for India, affordability of care, provision of adequate health personnel, and sociocultural barriers to cancer control; and for Russia, monitoring of the burden of cancer, societal attitudes towards cancer prevention, effects of inequitable treatment and access to medicine, and a need for improved international engagement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul E Goss
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Avon Breast Cancer Center of Excellence, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | | | - Brittany L Lee-Bychkovsky
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Hematology-Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; International Cancer Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lei Fan
- International Cancer Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Cancer Center and Cancer Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Breast Surgery Department, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjie Li
- International Cancer Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Cancer Center and Cancer Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Breast Surgery Department, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanin Chavarri-Guerra
- International Cancer Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Hemato-Oncology Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Pedro E R Liedke
- International Cancer Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Oncologia Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre and Instituto do Cancer Mãe de Deus, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - C S Pramesh
- Department of Surgical Oncology/Clinical Research, Tata Memorial Centre, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Tanja Badovinac-Crnjevic
- International Cancer Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; University Hospital Zagreb, Department of Oncology, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Yuri Sheikine
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zhu Chen
- State Key Lab of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - You-lin Qiao
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, National Cancer Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiming Shao
- Cancer Center and Cancer Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Breast Surgery Department, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Long Wu
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong General Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Daiming Fan
- Fourth Military Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology & Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Louis W C Chow
- Organisation for Oncology and Translational Research, Hong Kong, China; UNIMED Medical Institute, Comprehensive Centre for Breast Diseases, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Institute of Public Health Economics and Management, Central University of Finance and Economics, Beijing, China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- Department of Economics, School of Economics, Central University of Finance and Economics, Beijing, China
| | - Shiying Yu
- Cancer Center of Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Gordon Shen
- University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA; Cancer Institute & Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Arnie Purushotham
- King's Health Partners Cancer Centre, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Richard Sullivan
- King's Health Partners Cancer Centre, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK; Institute of Cancer Policy, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Rajendra Badwe
- Administration, Tata Memorial Centre, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shripad D Banavali
- Department of Medical and Pediatric Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Reena Nair
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Tata Medical Center, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Lalit Kumar
- Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Purvish Parikh
- Clinical Research and Education, BSES GH Municipal Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | | | - Pankaj Chaturvedi
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Tata Memorial Centre, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Subramania Iyer
- Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre, Head & Neck/Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | | | | | - Enrique Soto-Perez-de-Celis
- Hemato-Oncology Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Dauren Adilbay
- Astana Oncology Center, Head and Neck Oncology, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Vladimir Semiglazov
- Reproductive System Tumors Department, NN Petrov Research Institute of Oncology, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Sergey Orlov
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Saint Petersburg Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Ilya Tsimafeyeu
- Russian Society of Clinical Oncology, Kidney Cancer Research Bureau, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergei Tatishchev
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Marc Hurlbert
- Avon Foundation Breast Cancer Crusade, New York, NY, USA
| | - Caroline Vail
- International Cancer Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jessica St Louis
- International Cancer Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Arlene Chan
- Breast Cancer Research Centre-Western Australia and Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
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Zheng CS, Wu YS, Bao HJ, Xu XJ, Chen XQ, Ye HZ, Wu GW, Xu HF, Li XH, Chen JS, Liu XX. Understanding the polypharmacological anticancer effects of Xiao Chai Hu Tang via a computational pharmacological model. Exp Ther Med 2014; 7:1777-1783. [PMID: 24926384 PMCID: PMC4043560 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2014.1660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Xiao Chai Hu Tang (XCHT), a traditional herbal formula, is widely administered as a cancer treatment. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of its anticancer effects are not fully understood. In the present study, a computational pharmacological model that combined chemical space mapping, molecular docking and network analysis was employed to predict which chemical compounds in XCHT are potential inhibitors of cancer-associated targets, and to establish a compound-target (C-T) network and compound-compound (C-C) association network. The identified compounds from XCHT demonstrated diversity in chemical space. Furthermore, they occupied regions of chemical space that were the same, or close to, those occupied by drug or drug-like compounds that are associated with cancer, according to the Therapeutic Targets Database. The analysis of the molecular docking and the C-T network demonstrated that the potential inhibitors possessed the properties of promiscuous drugs and combination therapies. The C-C network was classified into four clusters and the different clusters contained various multi-compound combinations that acted on different targets. The study indicated that XCHT has a polypharmacological role in treating cancer and the potential inhibitory components of XCHT require further investigation as potential therapeutic strategies for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Song Zheng
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Yin-Sheng Wu
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Juan Bao
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, Fujian 361008, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Jie Xu
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China ; College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
| | - Xing-Qiang Chen
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Zhi Ye
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Guang-Wen Wu
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Hui-Feng Xu
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Xi-Hai Li
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Shou Chen
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Xian-Xiang Liu
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
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Lin W, Zhao J, Cao Z, Zhuang Q, Zheng L, Zeng J, Hong Z, Peng J. Livistona chinensis seeds inhibit hepatocellular carcinoma angiogenesis in vivo via suppression of the Notch pathway. Oncol Rep 2014; 31:1723-8. [PMID: 24573440 DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2014] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Livistona chinensis seeds have been used for centuries to clinically treat various types of cancer. Our published data suggest that Livistona chinensis seeds are able to inhibit hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) growth in vitro and in vivo via promotion of mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis. To further elucidate the molecular mechanisms of its antitumor activity, in the present study, we used an HCC xenograft mouse model to evaluate the effect of an ethanol extract of Livistona chinensis seeds (EELC) on tumor angiogenesis and on the activation of the Notch pathway. Intratumoral microvessel density (MVD) in HCC xenograft mouse tumors was evaluated via immunohistochemical (IHC) staining for CD31. The mRNA and protein expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), VEGFR-2, Notch, Dll4 and Jagged1 was evaluated using RT-PCR and IHC, respectively. We found that EELC profoundly reduced MVD in the HCC mouse tumors, demonstrating the in vivo inhibitory effect of EELC on tumor angiogenesis. In addition, EELC treatment reduced the expression of VEGF-A and VEGFR-2 in tumor tissues. Furthermore, EELC treatment inhibited the expression of Notch, Dll4 and Jagged1. Our findings suggest that Livistona chinensis seeds inhibit tumor angiogenesis through suppression of the Notch pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lin
- Academy of Integrative Medicine Biomedical Research Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Minhou Shangjie, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Jinyan Zhao
- Academy of Integrative Medicine Biomedical Research Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Minhou Shangjie, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyun Cao
- Academy of Integrative Medicine Biomedical Research Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Minhou Shangjie, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Qunchuan Zhuang
- Academy of Integrative Medicine Biomedical Research Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Minhou Shangjie, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Liangpu Zheng
- Academy of Integrative Medicine Biomedical Research Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Minhou Shangjie, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Jianwei Zeng
- Academy of Integrative Medicine Biomedical Research Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Minhou Shangjie, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Zhenfeng Hong
- Academy of Integrative Medicine Biomedical Research Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Minhou Shangjie, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Jun Peng
- Academy of Integrative Medicine Biomedical Research Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Minhou Shangjie, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
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30
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Haddad NE, Palesh O. Acupuncture in the treatment of cancer-related psychological symptoms. Integr Cancer Ther 2014; 13:371-85. [PMID: 24501113 DOI: 10.1177/1534735413520181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Acupuncture is being adopted by cancer patients for a wide range of cancer-related symptoms including highly prevalent psychological symptoms like depression, anxiety, insomnia, and impairment in quality of life. Pharmacological treatment of prevalent symptoms like anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbance can contribute to the high chemical burden already carried by cancer patients, creating additional side effects. As a result, patients and providers alike are interested in evidence-based nonpharmacologic alternatives like acupuncture for these symptoms. This article reviews the current literature (January 2000 through April 2013) for acupuncture in cancer-related psychological symptoms with attention to both efficacy and acupuncture-specific methodology. All published studies that met our review criteria demonstrate a positive signal for acupuncture for the treatment of depression, anxiety, sleep disturbance, and for improving quality of life with most results showing statistical significance. However, there are only a handful of acupuncture studies that were specifically designed to evaluate depression, sleep disturbance, and quality of life as primary outcomes, and no studies were found that looked at anxiety as a primary outcome in this population. Published studies in cancer patients and survivors show that acupuncture treatment is not only safe but also more acceptable with fewer side effects than standard of care pharmacological treatments like antidepressants. Finally, there is wide variability in both the implementation and reporting of acupuncture methods in the literature, with only 2 of 12 studies reporting full details of acupuncture methods as outlined in the revised Standards for Reporting Interventions in Clinical Trials of Acupuncture guidelines, published in 2010 and providing an essential framework for the reporting of acupuncture methodology. This lack of methodological detail affects outcomes, generalizability, and validity of research involving acupuncture. Reasons for ongoing challenges in the development of high-quality acupuncture trials are discussed. In conclusion, results are encouraging for the development of randomized trials to directly evaluate the therapeutic impact of acupuncture in cancer-related psychological symptoms, including depression, anxiety, sleep disturbance, and quality of life, but attention to acupuncture methodological specific challenges in the development of high-quality research is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Elisabeth Haddad
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Oxana Palesh
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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31
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Zhang L, Cai Q, Lin J, Fang Y, Zhan Y, Shen A, Wei L, Wang L, Peng J. Chloroform fraction of Scutellaria barbata D. Don promotes apoptosis and suppresses proliferation in human colon cancer cells. Mol Med Rep 2013; 9:701-6. [PMID: 24337216 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2013.1864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Scutellaria barbata D. Don (SB) has long been used as a major component in numerous Chinese medical formulas to clinically treat various types of cancer. Previously, we reported that the extracts of SB were able to suppress colon cancer growth in vivo and in vitro, possibly by inducing cancer cell apoptosis and inhibiting cell proliferation and tumor angiogenesis. However, the anticancer mechanisms of its bioactive ingredients remain largely unclear. In the present study, using three human colon cancer cell lines SW620, HT-29 and HCT-8, the antitumor effect of different solvent fractions of SB were evaluated and the potential underlying molecular mechanisms were investigated. Using an 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, it was revealed that the chloroform fraction of SB (ECSB) exhibited the most potent inhibitory effect on the growth of all three colon cancer cell lines and SW620 cells exhibited the most sensitive response to ECSB treatment (IC50=65 µg/ml). In addition, by performing fluorescence-activated cell sorting, transmission electron microscopy and colony formation assays, it was observed that ECSB significantly induced apoptosis and inhibited proliferation in SW620 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, ECSB treatment resulted in the upregulation of the pro-apoptotic Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and a decrease in the expression of the pro-proliferative cyclin D1 and cyclin-dependent kinase 4. The results from the present study may provide a scientific foundation for the development of novel anticancer agents from the bioactive ingredients in the ECSB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhang
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Qiaoyan Cai
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Jiumao Lin
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Yi Fang
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Youzhi Zhan
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Aling Shen
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Lihui Wei
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Lili Wang
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Jun Peng
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
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32
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Lin W, Zheng L, Zhuang Q, Shen A, Liu L, Chen Y, Sferra TJ, Peng J. Spica Prunellae extract inhibits the proliferation of human colon carcinoma cells via the regulation of the cell cycle. Oncol Lett 2013; 6:1123-1127. [PMID: 24137475 PMCID: PMC3796400 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2013.1512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2013] [Accepted: 07/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Spica Prunellae has long been used as a significant component in numerous traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulas to clinically treat cancers. Previously, Spica Prunellae was shown to promote cancer cell apoptosis and inhibit angiogenesis in vivo and in vitro. To further elucidate the precise mechanism of its tumoricidal activity, the effect of the ethanol extract of Spica Prunellae (EESP) on the proliferation of human colon carcinoma HT-29 cells was elucidated and the underlying molecular mechanisms were investigated. The proliferation of HT-29 cells was evaluated using 3-(4, 5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and colony formation analyses. The cell cycle was determined using fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) with propidium iodide (PI) staining. The mRNA and protein expression of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) and cyclin D1 was examined using RT-PCR and western blotting, respectively. EESP was observed to inhibit HT-29 viability and survival in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Furthermore, EESP treatment blocked G1/S cell cycle progression and reduced the expression of pro-proliferative cyclin D1 and CDK4 at the transcriptional and translational levels. Altogether, these data suggest that the inhibition of cell proliferation via G1/S cell cycle arrest may be one of the mechanisms through which Spica Prunellae treats cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lin
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China ; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
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Meng QX, Roubin RH, Hanrahan JR. Ethnopharmacological and bioactivity guided investigation of five TCM anticancer herbs. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 148:229-238. [PMID: 23623820 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Revised: 03/10/2013] [Accepted: 04/11/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Five herbs, Curcuma longa L. (CL), Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (SBC), Scutellaria barbata D. Don (SBB), Hedyotis diffusa Willd. (HD) and Solanum nigrum L. (SN), are often prescribed in the polyherbal formulas for cancer treatment by traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) practitioners. The purpose of the present study was to identify important anticancer herbs used in TCM and carry out bioactivity-directed fractionation and isolation (BDFI) using six cancer cell lines as well as peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), to identify constituents with anticancer activity but devoid of toxic effects against healthy immune cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Of 243 document anticancer TCM treatments, 199 anticancer TCM herbs were ranked by the number of literature reports for each herb. Five herbs were identified from the top 50 ranked herbs by at least two out of three TCM practitioners as frequently used in the TCM treatment of cancer. BDFI using MTS assay was applied to determine the active anticancer extracts, fractions, and finally discrete compounds. RESULTS Five herbs were selected for study of their anticancer activities. The extracts of Curcuma longa L., Scutellaria barbata D. Don, and Hedyotis diffusa showed antiproliferative activity to various extents, extracts of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi and Solanum nigrum L. showed little anticancer activity. Seven out of the 21 fractions obtained from Hedyotis diffusa Willd. showed anticancer activity. One new compound, ethyl 13(2) (S)-hydroxy-chlorophyllide a(1), along with 10 known compounds, i.e. 2-methyl-3-methoxyanthraquinone (2), 2-hydroxymethylanthraquinone(3), 2-hydroxy-3-methylanthraquinone(4), 2-hydroxymethy-1-hydroxyanthraquinone(5), 1-methoxy-2-hydroxyanthraquinone(6), 2-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-methoxyanthraquinone (7), oleanolic acid (8), ursolic acid (9), stigmasterol (10) and docosanoic acid (11), were isolated and identified. Compounds 2-6, 8 and 9 dose-dependently inhibited the cell viability of cancer cells within a concentration range of 1-200µM. Furthermore, compounds 2, 3, 5 and 9 showed significantly stronger inhibition of tested cancer cell lines than on that of PBMCs. CONCLUSION This study identified anticancer herbs, extracts, fractions and eventually compounds from the documented anticancer TCM herbs by using BDFI. It also determined the antiproliferative activity in cancer and healthy immune cells of the isolated compounds from Hedyotis diffusa. The results will be useful in the validation of the clinical application of these herbs and the development of novel anticancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Xia Meng
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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Papachristou F, Chatzaki E, Petrou A, Kougioumtzi I, Katsikogiannis N, Papalambros A, Tripsianis G, Simopoulos C, Tsaroucha AK. Time course changes of anti- and pro-apoptotic proteins in apigenin-induced genotoxicity. Chin Med 2013; 8:9. [PMID: 23642018 PMCID: PMC3660279 DOI: 10.1186/1749-8546-8-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2012] [Accepted: 04/30/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Apigenin (4′,5,7-trihydroxyflavone, AP), an active component of many medicinal Chinese herbs, exhibits anticancer properties in vitro and in vivo. This study aims to investigate the genotoxic, cytostatic, and cytotoxic effects of AP and time course changes in the levels of anti- and pro-apoptotic proteins involved in the DNA damage response in HepG2 cells. Methods The genotoxic potential of AP was determined by sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) and chromosomal aberrations (CAs) analysis. The levels of cytostaticity and cytotoxicity were evaluated by the proliferation rate and mitotic indices, respectively. MTT was used to study cytotoxicity, while the induction of apoptosis and the expression of apoptosis-related proteins were determined by ELISA. Results At concentrations greater than 10 μM, AP decreased cell survival in a dose- (48 h: 10 vs. 20 μΜ, P < 0.001 and 20 vs. 50 μΜ, P = 0.005; 72 h: 10 vs. 20 μΜ, P < 0.001 and 20 vs. 50 μΜ, P = 0.001) and time-dependent manner (20 μΜ: 24 vs. 48 h, P < 0.001 and 48 vs. 72 h, P = 0.003; 50 μΜ: 24 vs. 48 h, P < 0.001 and 48 vs. 72 h, P < 0.001; 100 μΜ: 24 vs. 48 h, P < 0.001 and 48 vs. 72 h, P < 0.001). SCEs rates, cell proliferation, and mitotic divisions were also affected in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.001). There was no change in the frequency of aberrant cells (1 μΜ ΑP: P = 0.554; 10 μM AP: P = 0.337; 20 μΜ AP: P = 0.239). Bcl-2 levels were reduced 3 h after AP administration (P = 0.003) and remained reduced throughout the 48 h observation period (6 h, P = 0.044; 12 h, P = 0.001; 24 h, P = 0.042; 48 h, P = 0.012). Bax and soluble Fas exhibited a transient upregulation 24 h after AP treatment. The Bax/Bcl-2 ratio was also increased at 12 h and remained increased throughout the 48 h observation period. Conclusion AP exhibited dose-dependent genotoxic potential in HepG2 cells. The protein levels of sFas, Bcl-2, and Bax were affected by AP to promote cell survival and cell death, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fotini Papachristou
- Cell Cultures Unit, Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Dragana, Alexandroupolis, Greece.
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Li X, Yang G, Li X, Zhang Y, Yang J, Chang J, Sun X, Zhou X, Guo Y, Xu Y, Liu J, Bensoussan A. Traditional Chinese medicine in cancer care: a review of controlled clinical studies published in chinese. PLoS One 2013; 8:e60338. [PMID: 23560092 PMCID: PMC3616129 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0060338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2012] [Accepted: 02/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been widely applied for cancer care in China. There have been a large number of controlled clinical studies published in Chinese literature, yet no systematic searching and analysis has been done. This study summarizes the current evidence of controlled clinical studies of TCM for cancer. METHODS We searched all the controlled clinical studies of TCM therapies for all kinds of cancers published in Chinese in four main Chinese electronic databases from their inception to November 2011. We bibliometrically analyzed the included studies and assessed the reporting quality. RESULTS A total of 2964 reports (involving 253,434 cancer patients) including 2385 randomized controlled trials and 579 non-randomized controlled studies were included. The top seven cancer types treated were lung cancer, liver cancer, stomach cancer, breast cancer, esophagus cancer, colorectal cancer and nasopharyngeal cancer by both study numbers and case numbers. The majority of studies (72%) applied TCM therapy combined with conventional treatment, whilst fewer (28%) applied only TCM therapy in the experimental groups. Herbal medicine was the most frequently applied TCM therapy (2677 studies, 90.32%). The most frequently reported outcome was clinical symptom improvement (1667 studies, 56.24%) followed by biomarker indices (1270 studies, 42.85%), quality of life (1129 studies, 38.09%), chemo/radiotherapy induced side effects (1094 studies, 36.91%), tumor size (869 studies, 29.32%) and safety (547 studies, 18.45%). Completeness and adequacy of reporting appeared to improve with time. CONCLUSIONS Data from controlled clinical studies of TCM therapies in cancer treatment is substantial, and different therapies are applied either as monotherapy or in combination with conventional medicine. Reporting of controlled clinical studies should be improved based on the CONSORT and TREND Statements in future. Further studies should address the most frequently used TCM therapy for common cancers and outcome measures should address survival, relapse/metastasis and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Li
- Centre for Evidence-based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Centre for Complementary Medicine Research (CompleMED), University of Western Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Guoyan Yang
- Centre for Evidence-based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xinxue Li
- Centre for Evidence-based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jingli Yang
- School of Management, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jiu Chang
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Sun
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyun Zhou
- School of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Guo
- School of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Xu
- School of Humanities, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jianping Liu
- Centre for Evidence-based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Alan Bensoussan
- Centre for Complementary Medicine Research (CompleMED), University of Western Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Basic consideration of research strategies for head and neck cancer. Front Med 2012; 6:339-53. [DOI: 10.1007/s11684-012-0213-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2012] [Accepted: 06/18/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Emerging glycolysis targeting and drug discovery from chinese medicine in cancer therapy. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2012; 2012:873175. [PMID: 22844340 PMCID: PMC3403522 DOI: 10.1155/2012/873175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2011] [Revised: 05/28/2012] [Accepted: 06/12/2012] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Molecular-targeted therapy has been developed for cancer chemoprevention and treatment. Cancer cells have different metabolic properties from normal cells. Normal cells mostly rely upon the process of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to produce energy whereas cancer cells have developed an altered metabolism that allows them to sustain higher proliferation rates. Cancer cells could predominantly produce energy by glycolysis even in the presence of oxygen. This alternative metabolic characteristic is known as the “Warburg Effect.” Although the exact mechanisms underlying the Warburg effect are unclear, recent progress indicates that glycolytic pathway of cancer cells could be a critical target for drug discovery. With a long history in cancer treatment, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is recognized as a valuable source for seeking bioactive anticancer compounds. A great progress has been made to identify active compounds from herbal medicine targeting on glycolysis for cancer treatment. Herein, we provide an overall picture of the current understanding of the molecular targets in the cancer glycolytic pathway and reviewed active compounds from Chinese herbal medicine with the potentials to inhibit the metabolic targets for cancer treatment. Combination of TCM with conventional therapies will provide an attractive strategy for improving clinical outcome in cancer treatment.
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de Valois BA, Young TE, Melsome E. Assessing the feasibility of using acupuncture and moxibustion to improve quality of life for cancer survivors with upper body lymphoedema. Eur J Oncol Nurs 2012; 16:301-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejon.2011.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2011] [Revised: 07/11/2011] [Accepted: 07/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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The use of moxibustion scars in the identification of individuals in forensic medicine. Forensic Sci Int 2012; 219:e25-8. [PMID: 22281368 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2011.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2011] [Revised: 12/22/2011] [Accepted: 12/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The use of moxibustion today does not only take place in Eastern Asia, but recently also in Europe and the United States. Moxibustion scars are often seen in autopsy cases in Japan. However, no reports of the use of moxibustion in autopsy cases have been reported. This paper reports on an autopsy case in which moxibustion scars were used to extrapolate on the past symptoms of the deceased, date of therapy and the location of the moxibustion clinic which administered the moxibustion.
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Effect of cranberry dietary supplements with different brands on human CYP3A4 enzyme. EXCLI JOURNAL 2012; 11:108-15. [PMID: 27366135 PMCID: PMC4928022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2012] [Accepted: 03/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The use of dietary supplements has increased dramatically, making drug interactions with those supplements a major concern. Because dietary supplements are not subject to the same regulations as prescription drugs, we hypothesize that the content of their active ingredients may vary among manufacturers, potentially causing a large variation in therapeutic outcome. The current study aimed to test this hypothesis on commonly used cranberry dietary supplements. Activity of human CYP3A4 enzyme was used as a parameter to determine the effect of cranberry supplement from nine manufacturers. The content of a cranberry product, equivalent to one capsule, was extracted with methanol. Aliquots of the extract were tested for their ability to inhibit the metabolism of the human CYP3A4 substrate quinine, using an in vitro liver microsomal technique. Human liver microsomes and quinine were incubated with or without (i.e. as control) cranberry extract. Formation of quinine's metabolite 3-hydroxyquinine, generated by the CYP3A4-mediated reaction was measured by a HPLC method. Of nine cranberry products tested, eight products had little or no effect but only one brand (Nature's Herbs 600 mg) caused very strong inhibition (67.2 %) of CYP3A4. The reason for this inhibition is unknown. The effect of cranberry was varied and ranged from 4.4 % activation by Ride Aid 800 mg to 67.2 % inhibition by Nature's Herbs 600 mg. Lack of effect on human CYP3A4 activity suggests that use of cranberry dietary supplement is unlikely to cause significant interactions with drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
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