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Ilahi NE, Siddique N, Rashid MI, Noreen M, Murad S. Decoding the Genetic and Structural Features of HPV16 E5 Oncogene in Cervical Cancer Isolates from Pakistan: A Pilot Study. IRANIAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2023; 27:388-96. [PMID: 38158635 PMCID: PMC10826910 DOI: 10.61186/ibj.3884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Background Many anogenital cancers are caused by high-risk HPV. The most common subtype is HPV16, which is prevalent in the world, including Pakistan. Various amino acid residues in HPV16 E5 are associated with high cell cycle progression and proliferation. Lack of studies on HPV16E5 in Pakistan prompted the current study. This is the first report on the occurrence of pathogenic E5 variant of HPV16 in tissue sections obtained from invasive cervical cancerous patients in Pakistan. Methods A subset of 11 samples from HPV-positive biopsies were subjected to E5 gene amplification using PCR and analyzed using bioinformatics programs. The bioinformatics analysis detected mutations causing structural variations, which potentially contribute to the oncogenic properties of proteins. Results The two-point mutations, C3979A and G4042A, observed in isolate 11 caused the substitution of isoleucine for leucine and valine at positions 44 and 65 in E5 protein. The rest of the isolates had Leu44Val65 amino acids. Intratypic variations and phylogenetic analysis revealed that the majority of the isolates were closely clustered with European-Asian lineage. Moreover, C3979A and G4042A contributed to higher degree of interactions with host receptors, i.e. EGFR. Conclusion This is the first study reporting HPV16 variants in a Pakistani population based on variations in the E5 region. Our findings indicate that isolate 11 has a strong interaction with the intracellular domain of EGFR, which may enhance the generation of downstream signals. Since this was a pilot study to explore E5 gene mutation, future studies with large samples are absolutely needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naureen Ehsan Ilahi
- Atta-Ur-Rehman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Science and Technology, H-12 Campus, Hucknall Road, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Department of Biotechnology, Virtual University of Pakistan, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Nayyer Siddique
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | | | - Mamoona Noreen
- Department of Zoology, The Women University Multan, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Sheeba Murad
- Atta-Ur-Rehman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Science and Technology, H-12 Campus, Hucknall Road, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Fasciana T, Capra G, Di Carlo P, Calà C, Vella M, Pistone G, Colomba C, Giammanco A. Socio-Demographic Characteristics and Sexual Behavioral Factors of Patients with Sexually Transmitted Infections Attending a Hospital in Southern Italy. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18094722. [PMID: 33925258 PMCID: PMC8125464 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18094722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a serious global health problem. In Italy, data describing the vulnerability to STIs of specific sexual minorities and the influence of sociodemographic and behavioral determinants are limited, as most infections are not subject to mandatory notification. This retrospective study describes the sociodemographic profile and main sexual behaviors of patients attending a hospital in Palermo (Sicily, Italy) from January 2018 to March 2019 as predictors of STI risk. Patients were divided in subgroups: men-who-have-sex-with-men (MSM), men-who-have-sex-with-women (MSW), bisexual men and females. Data were obtained through an anonymous questionnaire. Patients were tested for chlamydia, syphilis, Mycoplasma genitalium infection, genital herpes and HPV infection. A total of 294 subjects with STIs (male/female ratio about 2:1) were screened. Of the total sample, 79.6% of patients were Italian. MSM accounted for 34.3%, MSW for 29.6%, bisexual men for 5.8% and females for 30.3%. A total of 44.5% of patients had a high education level, 42.5% reported irregular use of condoms, 20.7% reported having had 5-10 partners in the six months prior to the visit and 32.9% were HIV-positive. HPV infection and syphilis were the most prevalent STIs. Conclusions: The most common profile of patients attending our clinic was that of an adult, Italian man with a high level of education, poor use of condoms and a high number of partners. MSM had the highest sex-behavior-related risk for STIs. In addition, our results suggest that all STD teams need to implement counselling topics and recommendations to share with patients, as well as tips on how to approach sexual health education/counselling, thereby promoting patient-centered approaches and educational programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Fasciana
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (G.C.); (P.D.C.); (C.C.); (G.P.); (C.C.); (A.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-3882422122
| | - Giuseppina Capra
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (G.C.); (P.D.C.); (C.C.); (G.P.); (C.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Paola Di Carlo
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (G.C.); (P.D.C.); (C.C.); (G.P.); (C.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Cinzia Calà
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (G.C.); (P.D.C.); (C.C.); (G.P.); (C.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Marco Vella
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences, Section of Urology, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Pistone
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (G.C.); (P.D.C.); (C.C.); (G.P.); (C.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Claudia Colomba
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (G.C.); (P.D.C.); (C.C.); (G.P.); (C.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Anna Giammanco
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (G.C.); (P.D.C.); (C.C.); (G.P.); (C.C.); (A.G.)
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Mboumba Bouassa RS, Gubavu C, Veyer D, Robin L, Gravier A, Hocqueloux L, Prazuck T, Péré H, Bélec L. High Prevalence of Cervical High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Harboring Atypical Genotypes in Human Immunodeficiency Virus -Infected and -Uninfected First-Generation Adult Immigrant Women Originating from Sub-Saharan Africa and Living in France. J Immigr Minor Health 2021; 23:308-319. [PMID: 32816173 PMCID: PMC7914190 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-020-01074-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV)-related cervical lesions in first-generation immigrant African women in France should reflect the epidemiology of high-risk (HR)-human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in sub-Saharan Africa. First-generation immigrant African women attending the Centre Hospitalier Régional of Orléans, France, were prospectively subjected to endocervical swabs for HPV DNA PCR and Pap smear. Fifty women (mean age, 41.7 years) living in France (mean stay, 10.7 years) were enrolled, including 26.0% of HIV-negative women from general population and 74.0% of women with known HIV infection. Cervical HPV prevalence was 68.0%, with 56.0% of HR-HPV. HR-HPV -68 and -58 were the predominant genotypes (20.0% and 14.0%, respectively). HR-HPV-16 and HR-HPV-18 were infrequently detected. HIV-infected women showed a trend to be more frequently infected by HPV than HIV-negative women (70.3% versus 61.5%). Most women (84.0%) showed normal cytology, while the remaining (16.0%) exhibited cervical abnormalities and were frequently HIV-infected (87.5%). These observations highlight the unsuspected high burden of cervical HR-HPV infections mostly associated with atypical genotypes, HIV infection and cervical abnormalities in first-generation immigrant African women living in France.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralph-Sydney Mboumba Bouassa
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
- Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, Université Paris Descartes (Paris V), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- École Doctorale en Infectiologie Tropicale, Franceville, Gabon
- INSERM U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Centre, Université Paris-Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Camelia Gubavu
- Service Des Maladies Infectieuses Et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalier Régional D'Orléans, La Source, France
| | - David Veyer
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
- Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, Université Paris Descartes (Paris V), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Leman Robin
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
- Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, Université Paris Descartes (Paris V), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Anne Gravier
- Service Des Maladies Infectieuses Et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalier Régional D'Orléans, La Source, France
| | - Laurent Hocqueloux
- Service Des Maladies Infectieuses Et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalier Régional D'Orléans, La Source, France
| | - Thierry Prazuck
- Service Des Maladies Infectieuses Et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalier Régional D'Orléans, La Source, France
| | - Hélène Péré
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
- Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, Université Paris Descartes (Paris V), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- INSERM U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Centre, Université Paris-Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Bélec
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France.
- Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, Université Paris Descartes (Paris V), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
- INSERM U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Centre, Université Paris-Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France.
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Carlander C, Lagheden C, Eklund C, Nordqvist Kleppe S, Dzabic M, Wagner P, Yilmaz A, Elfgren K, Sönnerborg A, Sparén P, Dillner J. HPV Types in Cervical Precancer by HIV Status and Birth Region: A Population-Based Register Study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020; 29:2662-2668. [PMID: 32967862 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-20-0969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data are lacking regarding which human papillomavirus (HPV) types cause high-grade cervical neoplasia (CIN2+) in people with HIV in Europe. We assessed which HPV types are associated with CIN2+ in women living in Sweden by HIV status. METHODS The Swedish National HIV Registry, the Swedish Population Registry, and the Swedish National Cervical Screening Registry were linked. CIN2+ tissue blocks of 130 women living with HIV (WLWH) and 234 HIV-negative women, matched for country of birth (1:2), were retrieved from bio-banks and HPV genotyped. Adjusted ORs (adjOR), stratified by country of birth, were calculated using conditional logistic regression. Matching was broken for cross-group comparisons. RESULTS WLWH with CIN2 were less likely to have HPV16 [14% vs. 40%; adjOR 0.1; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.04-0.56] than HIV-negative women, but among women with CIN3, there was no difference in HPV16 prevalence by HIV status (adjOR 0.9; 95% CI, 0.51-1.70). WLWH were six times more likely to have HPV35 in CIN3 than HIV-negative women (adjOR 6.2; 95% CI, 1.3-30.4). WLWH from sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) had less 9-valent vaccine types, compared with both HIV-negative women born in Sweden (adjOR 0.1; 95% CI, 0.02-0.44) and WLWH born in Sweden (adjOR 0.1; 95% CI, 0.01-0.73), mostly because of decreased HPV16 and increased HPV35. CONCLUSIONS WLWH from SSA were less likely to be covered by the 9-valent vaccine, mostly due to less HPV16 and more HPV35. IMPACT This could have implications for HPV vaccines, currently not including HPV35, and for HPV-screening algorithms in women with origin from SSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Carlander
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Centre for Clinical Research Västmanland, Västmanland County Hospital, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Camilla Lagheden
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carina Eklund
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sara Nordqvist Kleppe
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mensur Dzabic
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Philippe Wagner
- Centre for Clinical Research Västmanland, Västmanland County Hospital, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Aylin Yilmaz
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kristina Elfgren
- CLINTEC, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anders Sönnerborg
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pär Sparén
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Joakim Dillner
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Analysis of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) 16 Variants Associated with Cervical Infection in Italian Women. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17010306. [PMID: 31906371 PMCID: PMC6982298 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17010306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate HPV16 variants distribution in a population of Italian women living in two different regions (Lombardy and Sardinia) by sequence analyses of HPV16-positive cervical samples, in order to reconstruct the phylogenetic relationship among variants to identify the currently circulating lineages. Analyses were conducted starting from DNA isolated from 67 HPV16-positive cervical samples collected from two different Italian centres (31 from Lombardy and 36 from Sardinia) of women with normal and abnormal cervical cytology. The entire long control region (LCR) and 300 nt of the E6 gene was sequenced to identify intra-type variants. Sequence comparison and phylogenetic analysis were made using a distance-based neighbour joining method (NJ) and Kimura two-parameter model. Data obtained reported that Italian sequences mainly belonged to the European lineage, in particular sublineage A2. Only five sequences clustered in non-European branches: two in North American lineage (sublineage D1), two in African-1 (sublineage B1) and one in African-2. A new 27 nucleotide duplication in the central segment of the LCR region was found in a sequence obtained from a sample isolated in Sardinia. A predominance of European variants was detected, with some degree of variability among the studied HPV16 strains. This study contributes to the implementation of data regarding the molecular epidemiology of HPV16 variants.
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6
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Galati L, Equestre M, Bruni R, Accardi L, Torti C, Fiorillo MT, Surace G, Barreca GS, Liberto MC, Focà A, Ciccaglione AR, Di Bonito P. Identification of human papillomavirus type 16 variants circulating in the Calabria region by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of HPV16 from cervical smears. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2018; 68:185-193. [PMID: 30578936 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2018.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Sequence analysis of HPV16 isolates reveals the presence of genome variants with characteristic mutations. The HPV16 variants have different geographical distribution and diverge into four phylogenetic lineages (A, B, C and D) and 16 sub-lineages: A1, A2, A3 (previously known as European variants), A4 (Asian variant), B1, B2, B3, B4, C1, C2, C3, and C4 (African variants), D1 (North-American variant), D2, D3 (Asian-American variants) and D4. Population studies showed that infections with viruses belonging to specific HPV16 sublineages confer different risks of viral persistence and cancer. In this study, 39 HPV16-positive cervical smears from European women living in Calabria (Italy) were analyzed for the presence of HPV16 variants. Cervical DNA extracts were processed by PCR to amplify L1, the Long Control Region (LCR), E6 and E7, which were sequenced. The sequences were concatenated and the 3169 nucleotides long fragments were characterized by BLAST and phylogenetic analysis. A total of 96 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNPs) were detected, 29 of which mapping in the L1, 45 in the LCR, 15 in the E6 and 7 in the E7. The most common SNP was the T350G (29/39 samples, 74.4%), causing the L83 V amino acid change in the E6. Most of the HPV16 isolates (89.7%) had 99% of nucleotide (nt) identity to members of the A1 and A2 sublineages, while 4 isolates had 99% nt identity to members of the B2, B4, C1 and D4 sublineages. In conclusion, viruses belonging to the A1, A2, B2, B4, C1 and D4 HPV16 sublineages were found to circulate in the Calabria region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Galati
- Department Infectious Diseases, EVOR unit, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy; Institute of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Health Sciences, "Magna Graecia" University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Michele Equestre
- Department Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Bruni
- Department Infectious Diseases, EVOR unit, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Luisa Accardi
- Department Infectious Diseases, EVOR unit, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Torti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Unit of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, School of Medicine, University of "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Fiorillo
- Unit of Microbiology and Virology, Polo Sanitario Nord ASP 5, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Giovanni Surace
- Unit of Microbiology and Virology, Polo Sanitario Nord ASP 5, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Giorgio Settimo Barreca
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Health Sciences, "Magna Graecia" University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Carla Liberto
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Health Sciences, "Magna Graecia" University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Alfredo Focà
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Health Sciences, "Magna Graecia" University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Ciccaglione
- Department Infectious Diseases, EVOR unit, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Di Bonito
- Department Infectious Diseases, EVOR unit, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
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Cervical cancer screening in immigrant women in Italy: a survey on participation, cytology and histology results. Eur J Cancer Prev 2018. [PMID: 26207563 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cervical cancer screening programmes in Italy actively invite all 25-64-year-old resident women for the Pap test every 3 years irrespective of their citizenship. Immigrant women come from countries where screening is absent or poorly implemented and the prevalence of human papillomavirus is often high. These women therefore have significant risk factors for cervical cancer. The Italian Group for Cervical Cancer Screening promoted a survey of all the screening programmes on the participation and the positivity and detection rates in Italian and foreign women in 2009-2011. Aggregated data for participation, cytology results, compliance with colposcopy and histology results were collected, distinguishing between women born in Italy and abroad. All comparisons were age adjusted. Forty-eight programmes out of 120 participated in the immigrant survey, with 3 147 428 invited and 1 427 412 screened Italian women and 516 291 invited and 205 948 screened foreign women. Foreign women had a slightly lower participation rate compared with Italians (39.9 vs. 45.4%), whereas compliance with colposcopy was similar (90%). Foreigners showed a higher risk of pathological findings than Italians: cytology positivity [relative risk (RR)=1.25, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.24-1.27] and detection rate for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 (CIN2) (RR=1.39, 95% CI 1.31-1.47), CIN3 (RR=2.07, 95% CI 1.96-2.18) and cancer (RR=2.68, 95% CI 2.24-3.22). The ratio between cancer and CIN was higher in immigrants (0.06 vs. 0.04, P<0.01). Foreign women had a higher risk of cervical precancer and cancer. Because of their high risk and because opportunistic screening does not cover this often disadvantaged group, achieving high participation in screening programmes for foreigners is critical to further reducing the cervical cancer burden in Italy.
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Frati ER, Fasoli E, Martinelli M, Colzani D, Bianchi S, Carnelli L, Amendola A, Olivani P, Tanzi E. Sexually Transmitted Infections: A Novel Screening Strategy for Improving Women's Health in Vulnerable Populations. Int J Mol Sci 2017. [PMID: 28632191 PMCID: PMC5486132 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18061311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Migrant women are one of the most vulnerable population to health problems and well-being. This study aimed at implementing a counseling and preventive strategy for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in undocumented migrant women in Milan, Italy. Methods: Women (ages 18–65) were enrolled at the NAGA Centre (2012–2013) and asked for a urine sample in order to carry out molecular detection of Human papillomavirus (HPV), Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct), Trichomonas vaginalis (Tv), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (Ng)-DNA. Socio-demographic and sexual behavior information were collected. All HPV/Ct+ women were offered Pap tests and/or were prescribed antibiotic treatment. Results: 537/757 women participated in the study (acceptability rate: 70.9%). Most of the women were from Latin America (45.6%) and Eastern Europe (30.7%); >60% of them had stable partners, did not use contraception and had had at least one pregnancy. The prevalence rates of HPV, Ct, Tv and Ng infections were 24.2%, 7.8%, 4.8% and 0%, respectively. In all, 43.2% of the positive women agreed to undergo a gynecological examination and accepted suitable treatment. Conclusions: This study shows an overall high prevalence of STIs in undocumented migrant women in Milan. The screening strategy based on counseling and urine testing contributed to the successfully high acceptability rate. More appropriate health services that adequately address all aspects of women’s health are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena R Frati
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via C. Pascal 36, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Ester Fasoli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via C. Pascal 36, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Marianna Martinelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via C. Pascal 36, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Daniela Colzani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via C. Pascal 36, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Silvia Bianchi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via C. Pascal 36, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Luciana Carnelli
- Lega Italiana per la Lotta contro i Tumori (LILT), Section of Milan, Viale Molise 5, 20137 Milan, Italy.
| | - Antonella Amendola
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via C. Pascal 36, 20133 Milan, Italy.
- Coordinated Research Center "EpiSoMI", University of Milan, Via C. Pascal 36, 20133 Milan, Italy.
- CIRI-IV, Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Via A. Pastore 1, 16100 Genoa, Italy.
| | - Pierfranco Olivani
- NAGA Centre, Associazione Volontaria di Assistenza Socio-Sanitaria e per i Diritti di Cittadini Stranieri, Rom e Sinti, Via L. L. Zamenhof 7/A, 20136 Milan, Italy.
| | - Elisabetta Tanzi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via C. Pascal 36, 20133 Milan, Italy.
- Coordinated Research Center "EpiSoMI", University of Milan, Via C. Pascal 36, 20133 Milan, Italy.
- CIRI-IV, Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Via A. Pastore 1, 16100 Genoa, Italy.
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Liu P, Chen S, Wang M, Cheng A. The role of nuclear localization signal in parvovirus life cycle. Virol J 2017; 14:80. [PMID: 28410597 PMCID: PMC5391597 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-017-0745-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Parvoviruses are small, non-enveloped viruses with an approximately 5.0 kb, single-stranded DNA genome. Usually, the parvovirus capsid gene contains one or more nuclear localization signals (NLSs), which are required for guiding the virus particle into the nucleus through the nuclear pore. However, several classical NLSs (cNLSs) and non-classical NLSs (ncNLSs) have been identified in non-structural genes, and the ncNLSs can also target non-structural proteins into the nucleus. In this review, we have summarized recent research findings on parvovirus NLSs. The capsid protein of the adeno-associated virus has four potential nuclear localization sequences, named basic region 1 (BR), BR2, BR3 and BR4. BR3 was identified as an NLS by fusing it with green fluorescent protein. Moreover, BR3 and BR4 are required for infectivity and virion assembly. In Protoparvovirus, the canine parvovirus has a common cNLS located in the VP1 unique region, similar to parvovirus minute virus of mice (MVM) and porcine parvovirus. Moreover, an ncNLS is found in the C-terminal region of MVM VP1/2. Parvovirus B19 also contains an ncNLS in the C-terminal region of VP1/2, which is essential for the nuclear transport of VP1/VP2. Approximately 1 or 2 cNLSs and 1 ncNLS have been reported in the non-structural protein of bocaviruses. Understanding the role of the NLS in the process of parvovirus infection and its mechanism of nuclear transport will contribute to the development of therapeutic vaccines and novel antiviral medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Shun Chen
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China. .,Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China. .,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.
| | - Mingshu Wang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.,Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Anchun Cheng
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China. .,Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China. .,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.
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10
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Cervical cancer screening in immigrant women in Italy: a survey on participation, cytology and histology results. Eur J Cancer Prev 2016. [DOI: https/:doi:10.1097/cej.0000000000000173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
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Kumar A, Hussain S, Yadav IS, Gissmann L, Natarajan K, Das BC, Bharadwaj M. Identification of human papillomavirus-16 E6 variation in cervical cancer and their impact on T and B cell epitopes. J Virol Methods 2015; 218:51-8. [PMID: 25800725 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2015.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2014] [Revised: 12/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) is the most important risk factor for development of cervical cancer. The intra-type variations of HPV have different biological and pathological consequences with respect to disease progression. In the present study, six major Indian variants were experimentally identified in E6 gene of HPV-16 and showed their impact on immunogenicity by in silico methods. Four different phylogenetic lineages were observed in sequences including European (E) prototype, European variant, Asian and American Asian variant classes and complete absence of African phylogenetic lineages. On the prediction of B- and T-cell epitopes, 18 and 23 potent epitopes for MHC-II alleles, 10 potent MHC-I and 15 B-cell epitopes in each reference and variant sequence were identified. Interestingly, the presence of variation H78Y and L83V result in creation of four new epitopes for the HLA-DQA1*0101/DQB1*0501. Out of 15 B-cell predicted epitopes, three most potent epitopes were identified in both reference and variant sequence. Notably the amino acid stretch from amino acid 16-60 and 76-94 are very important for the immunological properties of E6 protein because these regions contain majority of the predicted epitopes. In future, this could control the cervical cancer by targeting these amino acid stretches for the development of HPV-16 vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anoop Kumar
- Division of Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, Institute of Cytology & Preventive Oncology (ICMR), Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India; Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, India
| | - Showket Hussain
- Division of Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, Institute of Cytology & Preventive Oncology (ICMR), Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Inderjit Singh Yadav
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Lutz Gissmann
- Division of Genome Modification and Carcinogenesis, German Cancer Center, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - K Natarajan
- Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, India
| | - Bhudev C Das
- Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, India
| | - Mausumi Bharadwaj
- Division of Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry, Institute of Cytology & Preventive Oncology (ICMR), Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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12
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Meloni A, Pilia R, Campagna M, Usai A, Masia G, Caredda V, Coppola RC. Prevalence and molecular epidemiology of human papillomavirus infection in italian women with cervical cytological abnormalities. J Public Health Res 2014; 3:157. [PMID: 25170506 PMCID: PMC4140382 DOI: 10.4081/jphr.2014.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Revised: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the most common sexually transmitted infection and high-risk HPV types are a necessary cause for the development of cervical cancer. The present study investigated the HPV-type specific prevalence in 650 women, aged 15-76 years, with cytological abnormalities and the association between HPV infection and cervical disease in a subset of 160 women for whom cytological results for Pap-Test were available, during the period 2008-2011 in Cagliari (Southern Italy). Design and Methods HPV-DNA extraction was performed by lysis and digestion with proteinase K and it was typed by using the INNOLiPA HPV Genotyping Assay. Results Overall the HPV prevalence was 52.6%; high-risk genotypes were found in 68.9% of women and multiple-type infection in 36.1% of HPV-positive women. The commonest types were HPV-52 (23.4%), HPV-53 (15.7%), HPV-16 (15.4%) and HPV-6 (12.4%). Among the women with cytological diagnosis, any-type of HPV DNA was found in 49.4% of the samples and out of these 93.7% were high-risk genotypes. Genotype HPV 53 was the commonest type among women affected by ASCUS lesions (21.4%), genotype 52 in positive L-SIL cases (22.5%), genotype 16 H-SIL (27.3%). Conclusions This study confirmed the high prevalence of HPV infection and high-risk genotypes among women with cervical abnormalities while, unlike previously published data, genotype HPV-52 was the most common type in our series. These data may contribute to increase the knowledge of HPV epidemiology and designing adequate vaccination strategies. Significance for public health Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually-transmitted agent, which can cause cervical lesions and cancer in females. Efforts to reduce the burden of cervical cancer with cytology screening in the last years have had limited success. HPV infection and disease imposes a substantial burden of direct costs on the Italian National Health Service that have never been fully quantified. Monitoring HPV prevalence could represent a tool to follow the evolution of the infection in the vaccination and post-vaccination era, to understand the impact of HPV types in cervical diseases in Italy. Our survey shows an high frequency of infections sustained by HPV 52. Given the recent implementation of a widespread immunization program with vaccines not containing HPV 52, it has been relevant to prove the high prevalence of this HPV genotype from the beginning of the vaccination campaign, to avoid ascribing to the vaccination program a possible selection effect and the importance of non-vaccine HPV types in the burden of cervical disease, in order to assess the opportunity to realize new vaccine including other types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Meloni
- Section of Hygiene, Department of Public Health, Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Cagliari University , Italy
| | - Roberta Pilia
- Section of Hygiene, Department of Public Health, Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Cagliari University , Italy
| | - Marcello Campagna
- Section of Hygiene, Department of Public Health, Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Cagliari University , Italy
| | - Antonella Usai
- Section of Hygiene, Department of Public Health, Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Cagliari University , Italy
| | - Giuseppina Masia
- Section of Hygiene, Department of Public Health, Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Cagliari University , Italy
| | - Valeria Caredda
- Centre for Women Health, Local Health District of Cagliari , Italy
| | - Rosa Cristina Coppola
- Section of Hygiene, Department of Public Health, Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Cagliari University , Italy
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13
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Tornesello ML, Giorgi Rossi P, Buonaguro L, Buonaguro FM. Human Papillomavirus Infection and Cervical Neoplasia among Migrant Women Living in Italy. Front Oncol 2014; 4:31. [PMID: 24600587 PMCID: PMC3929937 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2014.00031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is highly prevalent in women migrating from countries where cervical screening is not implemented. The variety of HPV genotypes, their prevalence and the association with cervical abnormalities has been investigated by several groups in women moving mainly from Eastern Europe, Africa, and Southern Asia to Italy. All studies are concordant on the elevated rate of HPV infection among immigrants, which is four times higher than that observed among age-matched Italian women. The HPV prevalence among short-term migrants and characterization of viral variants showed that the high prevalence of HPV reflects either individual lifestyle or high prevalence of HPV in the country of origin. The high burden of HPV infection correlates very well with the high incidence of cervical cancer in migrant women. In fact, during the years 2000-2004 the cervical cancer incidence in women from Central and Eastern Europe and living in Central Italy was 38.3 per 100,000, which is statistically significant higher than that of native Italian women (6 per 100,000). In this study, we pooled together the results of three independent studies originally designed to assess the distribution and the prevalence of HPV genotypes among 499 immigrant women living in Southern Italy. A total of 39 mucosal HPV genotypes were identified. The 12 genotypes (HPV16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, and 59) classified as carcinogenic to humans (group 1) accounted for >80% of all infections. HPV16 was the most common viral type in all groups with frequency rates ranging from 15.4% in Africa to 51.1% in Eastern and Southern European HPV-positive women. The high prevalence of oncogenic HPVs and cervical cancer risk among migrant women, together with the lower participation in screening programs, demands for an urgent implementation of preventive strategies to increase screening and vaccine coverage and viral monitoring of uncommon HPV genotypes potential spreading in settled population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lina Tornesello
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G Pascale" - IRCCS , Naples , Italy
| | - Paolo Giorgi Rossi
- Servizio Interaziendale di Epidemiologia, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale and IRCCS, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova , Reggio Emilia , Italy
| | - Luigi Buonaguro
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G Pascale" - IRCCS , Naples , Italy
| | - Franco Maria Buonaguro
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G Pascale" - IRCCS , Naples , Italy
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14
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Soohoo M, Blas M, Byraiah G, Carcamo C, Brown B. Cervical HPV Infection in Female Sex Workers: A Global Perspective. Open AIDS J 2013; 7:58-66. [PMID: 24511334 PMCID: PMC3915319 DOI: 10.2174/1874613601307010058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Revised: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Approximately 291 million women worldwide are HPV DNA carriers. Studies have indicated
that having multiple sexual partners may lead to higher HPV transmission. Thus female sex workers (FSWs) may be at
greater risk of infection compared to the general population. Herein we review publications with data on FSW cervical
HPV test results. We also examine variations of HPV prevalence and risk behaviors by region. Knowledge of prevalent
HPV types in FSWs may lead to improved prevention measures and assist in understanding vaccination in high-risk
groups. Methods: We conducted a review of the literature by searching PUBMED using the terms “prostitution” or “female sex
workers”, “human papillomavirus” or “HPV”, and “prevalence” or “PCR” to find articles. We excluded studies without
HPV testing or HPV type specific results, or unconventional HPV testing. Results: A total of 35 peer-reviewed publications were included in our review. High risk HPV types 16 and 18 ranged
from 1.1-38.9‰ in prevalence. In addition to high-risk HPV types, newer studies reported non-carcinogenic HPV types
also of high prevalence. The most prevalent HPV types reported among FSWs included HPV 6 (11.5%), 16 (38.9%), 18
(23.1%), 31 (28.4%), 52 (32.7%), and 58 (26.0%). Conclusions: Female sex workers have an overall high prevalence of HPV infection of high-risk types as evident through
various testing methods. FSWs are thought to be at increased risk of cervical cancer because of high HPV exposure. This
highlights the need for HPV and cervical prevention campaigns tailored to FSWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Soohoo
- Program in Public Health, University of California, Irvine, USA
| | - Magaly Blas
- Unit of Epidemiology, HIV and STD, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Perú
| | - Gita Byraiah
- Cooper Medical School, Rowan University, New Jersey, USA
| | - Cesar Carcamo
- Unit of Epidemiology, HIV and STD, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Perú
| | - Brandon Brown
- Program in Public Health, University of California, Irvine, USA
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15
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Detection and genotype analysis of human papillomavirus in non-small cell lung cancer patients. Tumour Biol 2013; 35:3203-9. [PMID: 24310500 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-1419-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in the development of uterine cervical cancer is well established, the role of HPV in lung carcinogenesis remains controversial. The detection rates of HPV DNA are subject to a wide variation from 0 to 100%. This is partly influenced by the detection techniques employed. To elucidate the impact of HPV infection on lung parenchyma, we analyzed 100 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) specimens (39 squamous cell carcinomas, 50 adenocarcinomas, 5 samples with characteristics of both squamous cell and adenocarcinoma, 5 undifferentiated and 1 large cell carcinoma) from the region of Crete, Greece. Sixteen non-cancerous samples served as the negative controls. DNA was extracted from 100 paraffin-embedded tissue sections obtained from NSCLC patients. The specimens were examined for the detection of HPV DNA by Real-Time PCR using GP5+/GP6+ primers. Furthermore, the HPV-positive samples were subjected to genotyping. In contrast to the absence of viral genomes in the control samples, HPV DNA was detected in 19 NSCLC specimens (19%). In particular, 4 squamous cell carcinomas, 12 adenocarcinomas, 1 sample with characteristics of both squamous cell and adenocarcinoma, and 2 undifferentiated samples were HPV-positive. The distribution of HPV genotypes was as follows: HPV 16: eight cases (42.1%); HPV 11: three cases (15.8%); HPV 6: one case (5.2%); HPV 59: one case (5.2%); HPV 33: two cases (10.5%); HPV 31: two cases (10.5%) and HPV 18: two cases (10.5%). The presence of HPV in the tumor samples provides evidence of the potential role of HPV in NSCLC and strongly argues for additional research on this issue.
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16
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Paba P, Morosetti G, Criscuolo AA, Chiusuri V, Marcuccilli F, Sesti F, Piccione E, Perno CF, Ciotti M. Prevalence of human papillomavirus infection in Italian and immigrant women. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2013; 25:1055-62. [PMID: 23298495 DOI: 10.1177/039463201202500422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted agent worldwide. Prevalence varies according to the geographic regions, and is highest in developing countries. Geographic differences exist also in the detection rate of oncogenic types in malignant cervical lesions. In this study, the prevalence of HPV infection as well as the spectrum of HPV types was evaluated in Italian and immigrant women of the urban area of Rome. Several risk factors (age at first intercourse, number of partners, smoking, pregnancy, age at first pregnancy, contraception, education, and menarche) were taken into consideration. Overall, there was a high prevalence of HPV infection in the two groups studied. No significant differences were observed in the spectrum of HPV types detected. HPV 16 and 18 were the types detected more frequently in both groups. Interestingly, HPV 54 and 70 were found only in the immigrants. Whether this finding reflects a recent introduction of these HPV types in the population studied remains to be established. Monitoring of HPV types in the population is advisable, especially in countries like Italy which is a destination and a gateway for immigrants directed towards north and central Europe. The introduction of high risk HPV variants may have a clinical impact and affect the diagnostic procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Paba
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy
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Liu JH, Lu ZT, Wang GL, Zhou WQ, Liu C, Yang LX, Sun ZR, Ruan Q. Variations of human papillomavirus type 58 E6, E7, L1 genes and long control region in strains from women with cervical lesions in Liaoning province, China. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2012; 12:1466-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2012.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2012] [Revised: 05/08/2012] [Accepted: 05/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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18
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Jamshidi M, Shekari M, Nejatizadeh AA, Malekzadeh K, Baghershiroodi M, Davudian P, Dehghan F, Jamshidi F. The impact of human papillomavirus (HPV) types 6, 11 in women with genital warts. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2012; 286:1261-7. [PMID: 22718097 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-012-2416-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2011] [Accepted: 06/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Human papillomaviruses (HPV) are etiologically associated with the development of virtually all genital warts. HPV-6 and HPV-11 are the most commonly detected HPV genotypes, but at least 20 other HPV genotypes have occasionally been found in genital wart tissue specimens. STUDY DESIGN The aim of this study was to determine from 100 genital wart tissue specimens collected from female patients using multiplex gap-PCR technique the prevalence of various genital HPV among women with HPV genital warts in south of Iran. 100 genital wart tissue specimens were tested for the presence of HPV PG5/PG6 and also for HPV type using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS Based on the collected data, 73 (73 %) samples were detected positive for HPV DNA and 23 (23 %) samples out of 100 samples were detected negative for HPV DNA. 49 (49 %) and 67 (67 %) of patients were detected positive for HPV type 6 and 11, respectively. There was a significant association between marital status and HPV genotype 6 (OR = 0.51, 95 % CI = 0.37-0.70, P = 0.01). Nevertheless, no significant association was found between marriage and HPV genotype 11 (OR = 0.85, 95 % CI = 0.58-1, 24, P = 0.7). Similarly, this result was demonstrated, in combined marriage and HPV-general (OR = 0.80, 95 % CI = 0.62-0.05, P = 0.4). CONCLUSION Concerning the prevalence of HPV in our study, determination of genital HPV prevalence and multiple infections among the normal population of women of Hormozgan Province is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahin Jamshidi
- Infections Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar-Abbas, Iran
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19
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Ntova CK, Kottaridi C, Chranioti A, Spathis A, Kassanos D, Paraskevaidis E, Karakitsos P. Genetic variability and phylogeny of high risk HPV type 16, 18, 31, 33 and 45 L1 gene in Greek women. Int J Mol Sci 2011; 13:1-17. [PMID: 22312235 PMCID: PMC3269669 DOI: 10.3390/ijms13010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2011] [Revised: 11/25/2011] [Accepted: 12/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study explores nucleotide variability, phylogeny and association with cervical neoplasia in high risk HPV types 16, 18, 31, 33 and 45 collected from Greek women. Of the 1894 women undergoing routine cervical cytology examination, 160 samples test positive for single infections of HPV type 16 (n = 104), HPV 31 (n = 40), HPV 33 (n = 7), HPV 18 (n = 5), and HPV 45 (n = 4) were typed by microarrays method, amplified by PCR then sequenced and phylogenetically analyzed. For HPV 16, 9 variants with nucleotide variations were included into the study. For HPV 31, 33, 18 and 45, nucleotide variations were identified in 6, 4, 2 and 3 variants, respectively. The Bayesian inference and Maximum Parsimony methods were used in order to construct the phylogenetic trees. When types were analyzed independently HPV 16 (European and non-European) and HPV 18 (African and non-African) formed distinct clades. The genomic characterization of HPV variants will be important for illuminating the geographical relatedness and biological differences and for the determination of their risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chara Kleio Ntova
- Department of Cytopathology, Attikon General University Hospital, Athens University Medical School, Chaidari, 12462, Greece; E-Mails: (C.K.N.); (C.K.); (A.C.); (A.S.)
| | - Christine Kottaridi
- Department of Cytopathology, Attikon General University Hospital, Athens University Medical School, Chaidari, 12462, Greece; E-Mails: (C.K.N.); (C.K.); (A.C.); (A.S.)
| | - Aikaterini Chranioti
- Department of Cytopathology, Attikon General University Hospital, Athens University Medical School, Chaidari, 12462, Greece; E-Mails: (C.K.N.); (C.K.); (A.C.); (A.S.)
| | - Aris Spathis
- Department of Cytopathology, Attikon General University Hospital, Athens University Medical School, Chaidari, 12462, Greece; E-Mails: (C.K.N.); (C.K.); (A.C.); (A.S.)
| | - Dimitrios Kassanos
- 3rd Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Attikon General University Hospital, Athens University Medical School, Chaidari, 12462, Greece; E-Mail:
| | - Evangelos Paraskevaidis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece; E-Mail:
| | - Petros Karakitsos
- Department of Cytopathology, Attikon General University Hospital, Athens University Medical School, Chaidari, 12462, Greece; E-Mails: (C.K.N.); (C.K.); (A.C.); (A.S.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +30-210-5831952; Fax: +30-210-5831942
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Piras F, Piga M, De Montis A, Zannou ARF, Minerba L, Perra MT, Murtas D, Atzori M, Pittau M, Maxia C, Sirigu P. Prevalence of human papillomavirus infection in women in Benin, West Africa. Virol J 2011; 8:514. [PMID: 22074103 PMCID: PMC3231975 DOI: 10.1186/1743-422x-8-514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2011] [Accepted: 11/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical cancer ranks as the first most frequent cancer among women in Benin. The major cause of cervical cancer now recognized is persistent infection of Human Papillomavirus (HPV). In Benin there is a lack of screening programs for prevention of cervical cancer and little information exists regarding HPV genotype distribution. METHODS Cervical cells from 725 women were examined for the presence of viral DNA by means of a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) multiplex-based assay with the amplification of a fragment of L1 region and of E6/E7 region of the HPV genome, and of abnormal cytology by Papanicolaou method. The association between HPV status and Pap test reports was evaluated. Socio-demographic and reproductive characteristics were also related. RESULTS A total of 18 different HPV types were identified, with a prevalence of 33.2% overall, and 52% and 26.7% among women with and without cervical lesions, respectively. Multiple HPV infections were observed in 40.2% of HPV-infected women. In the HPV-testing group, the odds ratio for the detection of abnormal cytology was 2.98 (95% CI, 1.83-4.84) for HPV positive in comparison to HPV negative women. High risk types were involved in 88% of infections, most notably HPV-59, HPV-35, HPV-16, HPV-18, HPV-58 and HPV-45. In multiple infections of women with cytological abnormalities HPV-45 predominated. CONCLUSIONS This study provides the first estimates of the prevalence of HPV and type-specific distribution among women from Benin and demonstrates that the epidemiology of HPV infection in Benin is different from that of other world regions. Specific area vaccinations may be needed to prevent cervical cancer and the other HPV-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franca Piras
- Department of Cytomorphology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
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Shahramian I, Heidari Z, Mahmoudzadeh-Sagheb HR, Moradi A, Forghani F. Prevalence of HPV Infection and High Risk HPV Genotypes (16, 18), among Monogamous and Polygamous Women, In Zabol, Iran. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2011; 40:113-21. [PMID: 23113093 PMCID: PMC3481649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2011] [Accepted: 06/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was performed to compare the prevalence of HPV infection and high risk HPV genotypes [16, 18] between monogamous and polygamous women, in Zabol, Iran. METHODS This cross sectional study was conducted in Zabol in 2006 - 2007. Two hundred sixty five married women attending the Gynecology Clinic for Cervical Disease Screening entered to this study. One hundred sixty two cases had monogamous, and 103 had polygamous husbands. HPV PCR samples were obtained from scrape of papsmear specimens. The biotinylated primers MY09/MY11, GP5+/GP6+, were utilized to enable amplification and detection of positive PCR products. Confirmation of HPV-16 and -18 were done by type-specific PCR primers HPV-16/F, HPV-16/R and HPV-18/F, HPV-18/R. RESULTS Prevalence of HPV infection in monogamous and polygamous groups was 29% and 37.9%, respectively. The most HPV infection was found in 15-25 years group. The most prevalence of infection in monogamous group was HPV-18 and HPV-non16, 18 in 15-25 years, and HPV-16 in 26-35 years group. In polygamous group the most prevalent type was HPV-16, 18 in 15-25 years group. The most prevalent HPV-16 was seen in sever inflammation and dysplasia cytology in both groups. CONCLUSION Prevalence of HPV infection in Zabol is high, and in women with polygamous husbands group is slightly more than monogamous. Screening for this infection must be recommended in this region of Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Shahramian
- Dept. of Pediatric, Faculty of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Z Heidari
- Dept. of Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran,Corresponding author: Tel: +98 541 3414561, Fax: +98 541 3414561, E-mail:
| | - HR Mahmoudzadeh-Sagheb
- Dept. of Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - A Moradi
- Dept. of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Gorgan University of Medical Sciences, Golestan, Iran
| | - F Forghani
- Dept. of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
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Tornesello ML, Cassese R, De Rosa N, Buonaguro L, Masucci A, Vallefuoco G, Palmieri S, Schiavone V, Piccoli R, Buonaguro FM. High prevalence of human papillomavirus infection in Eastern European and West African women immigrants in South Italy. APMIS 2011; 119:701-9. [PMID: 21917007 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2011.02784.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Surveillance of human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence and genotype distribution in migrant women from middle and low-income countries to developed countries is limited. The aim of this study was to analyze the spectrum of HPV genotypes and prevalence of cervical abnormalities in women emigrated mainly from Eastern Europe and West Africa and living in Southern Italy. The study included 233 migrant and 98 Italian-born women who self-referred to two gynecological outpatient clinics in the Campania region. Cervical specimens were subjected to cytological examination and viral testing by broad spectrum PCR. The prevalence rates of HPV infection were 57.9% and 94.1% among migrant and 19.4% and 88.5% among Italian women with normal and abnormal cytology respectively. HPV infection was detected in 56.1% of Southern and Eastern European, 62.5% of Central and South American, 55.5% of West African, and 73.3% of Southern Asian women with normal cervix. Among the 140 HPV-positive migrants, a total of 28 mucosal HPV genotypes were identified of which 11 types (HPV16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, and 58), epidemiological classified as carcinogenic to humans (group 1), accounted for 73.4% of all infections. As expected, HPV16 was the most common viral type in all groups with frequency rates ranging from 12.5% in African to 30.1% in Eastern and Southern European women. In conclusion, the estimated prevalence of HPV infection among migrant women is very high, probably reflecting either lifestyle or high incidence of HPV in their country of origin. The implementation of vaccination strategies and cervical cancer surveillance are critical for women in this risk group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lina Tornesello
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology and AIDS Reference Centre, National Cancer Institute, "Fond. Pascale", Naples, Italy
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Seroprevalence and determinants of eight high-risk human papillomavirus types in homosexual men, heterosexual men, and women: a population-based study in Amsterdam. Sex Transm Dis 2011; 37:672-80. [PMID: 20729796 DOI: 10.1097/olq.0b013e3181e71069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To determine differences in the seroprevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) types between men having sex with men (MSM), heterosexual men and women, we analyzed seroprevalence and risk factors for 8 hrHPV in the general population of Amsterdam, the Netherlands. METHODS We interviewed 1349 inhabitants aged ≥17 years and tested sera for antibodies against L1 capsid proteins of 8 hrHPV using Luminex-based multiplex serology. Risk factors for hrHPV were determined by multivariate Poisson analysis. RESULTS Seroprevalences for 8 hrHPV ranged from 13.1% for HPV-45 to 31.4% for HPV-35. Seropositivity for HPV-16 and HPV-18 was more common in women and MSM than in heterosexual men. HPV-16 and -18 were more common in subjects also having antibodies against other hrHPV types (prevalence rate ratio [PRR], 2.12, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.52-2.97; and PRR, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.43-2.81, respectively) and/or herpes simplex virus type 2 (PRR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.32-2.16; and PRR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.13-1.92, respectively). HPV-18 was more common in persons with a history of sexually transmitted infections (STI) (PRR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.20-2.25). HPV-35, -45, and -58 were more common in non-European ethnic groups. CONCLUSIONS Prevalence of 8 hrHPV antibodies was high in the Amsterdam population, especially in MSM.
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Tornesello ML, Loquercio G, Tagliamonte M, Rossano F, Buonaguro L, Buonaguro FM. Human papillomavirus infection in urine samples from male renal transplant patients. J Med Virol 2010; 82:1179-85. [PMID: 20513081 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.21784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Renal allograft recipients have a well-documented increased incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related malignancies and preventive strategies should be specifically implemented. While in females the use of the Papanicolau test and HPV detection assay are used currently as a screening test for cervical cancer, no diagnostic procedures have been implemented to monitor HPV infection in males. The aim of this study was to test for HPV infection and to determine the spectrum of viral genotypes in urine samples of men with renal transplants. The study included 88 patients who underwent kidney transplantation between 1999 and 2005. HPV sequences were detected by nested PCR, using the broad-spectrum consensus-primer pairs MY09/MY11 and the new MGP system, and characterized by nucleotide sequence analysis. Overall, 43 (48.9%) samples were found positive for HPV sequences and the most common genotypes were HPV 16 (53.5%) and HPV 54 (9.3%) followed by HPV 6, 53, 56, 58, 66, 11, 12, 20, 45, 62, and 71, in descending order of prevalence. The majority of HPV 16 isolates were classified as European and only one as African-1 variant on the basis of nucleotide signature present within the MGP L1 region. The high prevalence of HPV 16 among renal allograft recipients suggests that an HPV-16-based preventive or therapeutic vaccine may be effective for prevention or treatment of HPV-related neoplasia in this group of immune compromised patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lina Tornesello
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology and AIDS Reference Centre, National Cancer Institute Fondazione Pascale, Naples, Italy
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25
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Giorgi Rossi P, Bisanzi S, Paganini I, Di Iasi A, Angeloni C, Scalisi A, Macis R, Pini MT, Chini F, Carozzi FM. Prevalence of HPV high and low risk types in cervical samples from the Italian general population: a population based study. BMC Infect Dis 2010; 10:214. [PMID: 20646310 PMCID: PMC2916912 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-10-214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2010] [Accepted: 07/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This multicenter study describes the type-specific prevalence of HPV infection in the general population from central and southern Italy, comparing the data with previously published Italian studies. Methods Women aged from 25 to 65 who attended cervical cancer screening in five different Italian regions were tested for HPV infection with Hybrid Capture II (HCII) low and high risk probes. Women repeating Pap-test upon unsatisfactory or positive results, or as a post-treatment and post-colposcopy follow-up analysis, were excluded from our study. High risk (HR) HPV positive samples were typed using GP5+/GP6+ primed PCR, followed by Reverse Line Blot for 18 high/intermediate risk HPV types, while low risk (LR) HPV positive samples were tested with type specific primers for HPV6 and HPV11. Results 3817 women had a valid HCII test: 350 of them (9.2%) were positive for HR probes, 160 (4.2%) for LR probes, while 57 women were positive for both. Multiple infections were detected in 97 HR HPV positive women. The most common types were HPV 16 (3%), 31 (1.2%), 51 (1%). HPV6 ranked fifth (0.6%), HPV18 ranked tenth (0.5%) and HPV11 sixteenth (0.3%). In Sardinia the prevalence of high-risk infection was 13%, significantly higher than the mean value (p < 0.00005). The distribution of the most frequent types did not significantly differ by centre (p = 0.187) and age (p = 0.085). Conclusions Because cervical cancer incidence and Pap test coverage is lower in southern than in northern Italy, a lower prevalence of high-risk infections in the general population was expected in the south. However, prevalence detected in this study for the south of the country is slightly but significantly higher than the rest of Italy. The consequence may be an epidemic of cervical cancer in the next decades if adequate screening programs are not implemented there.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Giorgi Rossi
- Laziosanità-Agency for Public Health, Lazio Region, Via di S, Costanza 53, 00198-Rome, Italy.
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26
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Carvalho NDO, del Castillo DM, Perone C, Januário JN, Melo VHD, Brasileiro Filho G. Comparison of HPV genotyping by type-specific PCR and sequencing. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2010; 105:73-8. [PMID: 20209333 DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02762010000100011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2009] [Accepted: 12/21/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the most common sexually transmitted disease worldwide and there is a strong link between certain high-risk viral types and cervical carcinogenesis. Although there are several typing methods, it is still unclear which test is the best. This study compared the effectiveness of type-specific PCR (TS-PCR) and sequencing, with a focus on their clinical application. A total of 260 cervical samples from HPV-positive patients were tested for types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33 and 35 using TS-PCR and sequencing. The genotype was identified in 36% of cases by TS-PCR and in 75% by sequencing. Sequencing was four times more likely to identify the viral type in positive samples than TS-PCR (p = 0.00). Despite being more effective for virus genotyping, sequencing was unable to identify viral types in multiple infections. Combining both techniques resulted in highly sensitive detection (87% of cases), showing that they are complementary methods. HPV genotyping is an important step in HPV management, helping to identify patients with a higher risk of developing cervical cancer and contributing to the development of type-specific vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nara de Oliveira Carvalho
- Núcleo de Ações e Pesquisas em Apoio Diagnóstico, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.
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27
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García-Espinosa B, Nieto-Bona MP, Rueda S, Silva-Sánchez LF, Piernas-Morales MC, Carro-Campos P, Cortés-Lambea L, Moro-Rodríguez E. Genotype distribution of cervical human papillomavirus DNA in women with cervical lesions in Bioko, Equatorial Guinea. Diagn Pathol 2009; 4:31. [PMID: 19740435 PMCID: PMC2749013 DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-4-31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2009] [Accepted: 09/09/2009] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The HVP vaccine is a useful tool for preventing cervical cancer. The purpose of this study is to determine the most frequent HPV genotypes in Equatorial Guinea in order to develop future vaccination strategies to apply in this country. Methods A campaign against cervical cancer was carried out in the area on a total of 1,680 women. 26 of the women, following cytological screening, were treated surgically with a loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP). Cases were studied histologically and were genotyped from paraffin blocks by applying a commercial kit that recognized 35 HPV types. Results Cytological diagnoses included 17 HSIL, 1 LSIL, 5 ASC-H and 3 AGUS. Histological diagnosis resulted in 3 cases of microinvasive squamous cell carcinoma stage IA of FIGO, 9 CIN-3, 8 CIN-2, 2 CIN-1, 3 flat condylomas and mild dysplasia of the endocervical epithelium. Fifteen of twenty-five cases genotyped were positive for HPV (60%). HPV 16 and 33 were identified in four cases each, HPV 58 in two other cases, and HPV 18, 31, 52, and 82 in one case, with one HPV 16 and 58 coinfection. Conclusion The frequency of HPV types in the African area varies in comparison to other regions, particularly in Europe and USA. Vaccination against the five most common HPV types (16, 33, 58, 18, and 31) should be considered in the geographic region of West Africa and specifically in Equatorial Guinea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamín García-Espinosa
- Department of Histology and Anatomical Pathology, Rey Juan Carlos University School of Medicine, Av. de Atenas s/n, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain.
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Dal Bello B, Spinillo A, Alberizzi P, Cesari S, Gardella B, Silini EM. Time trends of human papillomavirus type distribution in Italian women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). Gynecol Oncol 2009; 115:262-6. [PMID: 19712964 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2009.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2009] [Accepted: 07/23/2009] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It is assumed that the circulation of HPV types in a population is stable over time although there are limited historical data to support this view. The existence of possible cohort effects in the circulation of HPV types has major implications for vaccination strategies and risk assessment in HPV-infected women. We analysed archival biopsy samples of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) to study the distribution of HPV types in Northern Italy over the years 1985-2007. METHODS DNA from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded cervical biopsies from the years 1985-87 (67 samples) and 1995-97 (92 samples) was HPV-typed by the SPF-(10) Lipa assay. Cases were compared with 159 control biopsies from the years 2005-07 matched by patient age and CIN grade. Quantitative PCR was used to compare titres of HPV sequences in DNA extracted from biopsies of the three periods. Type-specific PCR was used to confirm HPV51 and 52 typing by SPF-(10) Lipa. RESULTS HPV51, 52, 53, 56, 58, and 66 were markedly under-represented or undetectable in samples from past periods whereas they represented 5.7-30.8% of present infections. Frequency of multiple HPV infections and high-risk infections (p=0.0001) also increased in recent years. The main changes occurred over the last decade. Infections by HPV16, 18, were three times more frequent 20 years ago than today (p=0.012). Loss of amplifiable HPV sequences over prolonged storage was not observed. Type-specific PCR confirmed all HPV51 and 52 infections. CONCLUSIONS Secular trends in the distribution of HPV types among women with CIN may occur in specific populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Dal Bello
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS-Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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Pillai MR, Hariharan R, Babu JM, Lakshmi S, Chiplunkar SV, Patkar M, Tongaonkar H, Dinshaw K, Jayshree RS, Reddy BKM, Siddiqui M, Roychoudury S, Saha B, Abraham P, Gnanamony M, Peedicayil A, Subhashini J, Ram TS, Dey B, Sharma C, Jain SK, Singh N. Molecular variants of HPV-16 associated with cervical cancer in Indian population. Int J Cancer 2009; 125:91-103. [PMID: 19358280 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.24322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Human papilloma virus is a causative factor in the etiology of cervical cancer with HPV16 being the most prevalent genotype associated with it. Intratype variations in oncogenic E6/E7 and capsid L1 proteins of HPV 16 besides being of phylogenetic importance, are associated with risk of viral persistence and progression. The objective of this multicentric study was to identify HPV-16 E6, E7 and L1 variants prevalent in India and their possible biological effects. Squamous cell cervical cancer biopsies were collected from 6 centres in India and examined for the presence of HPV 16. Variants of HPV-16 were characterized by full length sequence analysis of L1, E6 and E7 genes in 412 samples. Similar distribution of the variants was seen from the different centres/regions, with the European variant E350G being the most prevalent (58%), followed by American Asian variant (11.4%). Fifty six changes were seen in E6 region, 31 being nonsynonymous. The most frequent being L83V (72.3%), Q14H (13.1%) and H78Y (12.1%). Twenty-nine alterations were seen in E7 region, with 12 being nonsynonymous. The most frequent being F57V (9%). L1 region showed 204 changes, of which 67 were nonsynonymous. The most frequent being 448insS (100%), and 465delD (100%), H228D (94%), T292A (85%). The identified variants some new and some already reported can disrupt pentamer formation, transcriptional regulation of the virus, L1 protein interface interaction, B and T cell epitopes, p53 degradation, and thus their distribution is important for development of HPV diagnostics, vaccine, and for therapeutic purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Pillai
- Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
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30
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Tornesello ML, Monaco R, Nappi O, Buonaguro L, Buonaguro FM. Detection of mucosal and cutaneous human papillomaviruses in oesophagitis, squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus. J Clin Virol 2009; 45:28-33. [PMID: 19307150 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2009.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2008] [Revised: 01/28/2009] [Accepted: 02/13/2009] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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31
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Wu EQ, Zha X, Yu XH, Zhang GN, Wu YG, Fan Y, Ren Y, Kong LQ, Kong W. Profile of physical status and gene variation of human papillomavirus 58 genome in cervical cancer. J Gen Virol 2009; 90:1229-1237. [PMID: 19264634 DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.008227-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have shown that human papillomavirus 58 (HPV 58) is found at a relatively high frequency in east Asia and some regions of Central and South America. To investigate the physical status of HPV 58 and analyse sequence variations of HPV 58 in cervical cancer patients, the HPV 58 genome in 37 HPV 58-positive cervical cancer specimens collected from China were investigated by a mapping analysis based on nested PCR and nucleotide sequencing. A pure integrated genome was found in 78.4 % (29/37) of specimens, which is much higher than that found in previous studies. Multiple disruptions were first found among the integrated HPV 58 genomes in 51.7 % (15/29) of specimens. Among the 7824 bp of the HPV 58 genome, 119 (1.52 %) nucleotide positions were found to be variable, and 45 of them lead to amino acid changes. Phylogenetic analyses, based on partial L1 sequences of 14 variants isolated in previous studies and this study, show that two main groups were observed in HPV 58 variants, the prototype or prototype-like group and the non-prototype-like group.
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Affiliation(s)
- En-Qi Wu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Sichuan Tumor Hospital, Chengdu 610041, PR China.,College of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Xiao Zha
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Sichuan Tumor Hospital, Chengdu 610041, PR China.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Sichuan Tumor Hospital, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Xiang-Hui Yu
- College of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Guo-Nan Zhang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Sichuan Tumor Hospital, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Yong-Ge Wu
- College of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Ying Fan
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Sichuan Tumor Hospital, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Yuan Ren
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Sichuan Tumor Hospital, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Ling-Qian Kong
- College of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Wei Kong
- College of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China
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Tornesello ML, Buonaguro L, Izzo S, Lopez G, Vega X, Maldonado Reyes CF, Buonaguro FM. A pilot study on the distribution of human papillomavirus genotypes and HPV-16 variants in cervical neoplastic lesions from Ecuadorian women. J Med Virol 2008; 80:1959-1965. [PMID: 18814248 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.21317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are the cause of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and invasive carcinomas of the uterine cervix. The distribution of specific HPV genotypes varies greatly across populations and HPV surveys have been performed in different geographical regions in order to apply appropriate vaccine strategies. The aim of this study was to determine the spectrum of HPV genotypes and HPV-16 variants among women with cervical lesions living in Ecuador. A total of 71 cases have been analyzed, including 32 chronic cervicitis, 29 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 1, and 10 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2-3. HPV sequences were detected by broad spectrum consensus-primer-pairs MY09/MY11 and GP5+/GP6+-based polymerase chain reaction and characterized by nucleotide sequence analysis. Overall, 31 (43.7%) cases were HPV positive with prevalence rates of 37.5%, 44.8%, and 60% in patients with chronic cervicitis, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 1 and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2-3, respectively. Among the positive cases, the most common genotypes were HPV 16 (64.5%) and HPV 81 (29%) followed by HPV 31, 53, 56, and 58, in descending order of prevalence. Seventeen (85%) HPV-16 isolates were classified as European and three (15%) as African-1 variant on the basis of nucleotide signature present within the MY09/MY11 L1 sequence. The results suggest that HPV 16 has a very high prevalence among women with cervical lesions in Ecuador; therefore, an effective HPV-16 based vaccine should prevent the development of cervical cancer in a large proportion of Ecuadorian women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lina Tornesello
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology and AIDS Reference Centre, National Cancer Institute, Fond. Pascale, Naples, Italy
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Tornesello ML, Duraturo ML, Giorgi-Rossi P, Sansone M, Piccoli R, Buonaguro L, Buonaguro FM. Human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes and HPV16 variants in human immunodeficiency virus-positive Italian women. J Gen Virol 2008; 89:1380-1389. [PMID: 18474553 DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.83553-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive women have high rates of cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL) and concurrent human papillomavirus (HPV) infections with a variety of genotypes whose oncogenic risk is poorly documented. The prevalence and persistence of HPV genotypes and HPV16 variants were analysed in 112 HIV-positive and 115 HIV-negative Italian women. HIV-positive women were more likely than HIV-negative women to be infected by HPV at the initial examination (39.3 vs 13.9 %, P<0.001) and to have a higher period prevalence of HPV infection over a 3-year follow-up (43.8 % vs 17.4 %, P<0.001), regardless of CD4+ cell counts and anti-retroviral therapy. 'High-risk' and 'probable high-risk' HPVs (types 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 45, 52, 58 and 66), among the 20 different viral genotypes identified, were predominant in HIV-positive (33.9 %) compared with HIV-negative (13.9 %) women. Among HIV-infected women, with normal cytology as well as with SIL of any grade, the most common genotypes were HPV16 followed by HPV81, -58, -72, -33 and -62. HPV16 isolates from 18 HIV-positive and eight HIV-negative women were classified into variant lineages based on sequencing analysis of E6 and E7 genes and the long control region. Whilst the HPV16 G350 European variant was prevalent in both HIV-positive (10.7 %) and -negative women (3.5 %), HPV16 African 2 variant was only detected in HIV-positive women (3.6 %), suggesting different sexual mixing behaviours. The increased prevalence of uncommon viral genotypes and HPV16 variants in HIV-positive Italian women underscores the need to target a wide range of HPV types in cervical screening of high-risk women.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Matilde Sansone
- Gynaecology Department, University of Medicine, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Piccoli
- Gynaecology Department, University of Medicine, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Buonaguro
- Ist. Naz. Tumori 'Fond. G. Pascale', Cappella Cangiani, I-80131 Naples, Italy
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Pista A, Oliveira A, Barateiro A, Costa H, Verdasca N, Paixão MT. Molecular variants of human papillomavirus type 16 and 18 and risk for cervical neoplasia in Portugal. J Med Virol 2007; 79:1889-97. [PMID: 17935194 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.21002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Persistent high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is considered as the central cause of invasive cervical cancer. Specific HPV 16 and 18 sequence variations were associated with an increased risk for progression. The purpose of this study was to analyze intratypic variations of HPV 16 and 18 within the E6 gene, MY09/11 and LCR regions, and to evaluate the risk of these variants for cervical neoplasia among Portuguese women. Cervical samples from 187 HPV 16-positive and 41 HPV 18-positive women with normal epithelium, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, or invasive cervical cancer were amplified by type-specific PCR, followed by sequence and phylogenetic analysis. Sixteen new HPV 16 and 18 patterns are described in this paper. European HPV 16 variants were the most frequent (74.3%), particularly Ep-T350 (44.4%), followed by African (16.1%), and Asian-American (9.6%). Non-European HPV 16 variants were more frequent in pre-invasive lesions than in normal tissue and low-grade lesions. However, when analyzed separately, only African variants were associated significantly with an increased risk for cervical cancer. For HPV 18, the AsAi variant showed a trend, which was not statistically significant to an enhanced oncogenicity. European variants seemed to be significantly associated with a lower risk for cervical cancer development. The distribution of HPV 16 and 18 variants was not related to age or race among women living in the same geographical region. Knowledge of variants will be important for risk determination as well as for designing primers or probes for HPV detection methods, and for appropriate cervical cancer prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Pista
- Papillomavirus Unit, Centre of Virology, National Institute of Health, Lisboa, Portugal.
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