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Aksoy Gökmen A, Öncü Öner T, Erkunt Alak S, Koçkaya ES, Güvendi M, Karabey M, Alacacıoğlu A, Pektaş B, Değirmenci Döşkaya A, Karakavuk M, Döşkaya M, Ün C, Gürüz AY, Kaya S, Can H. Molecular prevalence and genotypes of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in cancer patients under chemotherapy in Aegean region of Türkiye. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:223. [PMID: 38926815 PMCID: PMC11202370 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03369-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enterocytozoon bieneusi is the most common species found in humans. Although E. bieneusi has been investigated in humans, genotype profile of E. bieneusi is not known in Türkiye. METHODS In this study, we screened E. bieneusi in patients (n = 94) with different types of malignant solid tumors by Real Time PCR and then sequenced E. bieneusi positive samples. All cancer patients were undergoing chemotherapy and had diarrhea. Moreover, as control groups, we also screened E. bieneusi in patients with diarrhea (n = 50) and without diarrhea (n = 50). RESULTS Among all patients analyzed, 33 (17%) were found to be E. bieneusi-positive. As the patients were categorized, the molecular prevalence of E. bieneusi increased to 25.5% among cancer patients with diarrhea. However, the molecular prevalence of E. bieneusi was found to be lower in patients with presenting only diarrhea (8%) and patients without diarrhea (10%). The high molecular prevalence value detected among cancer patients with diarrhea was also statistically significant compared to other patient groups (P = 0.00112 and P = 0.0269). Among the 33 Real Time PCR positive samples, 10 of them were amplified by nested PCR and among these 10 samples, 6 of them were successfully genotyped. The phylogenetic tree showed the presence of D and Type IV which were also identified in stray cats living in İzmir in our previous study. CONCLUSIONS High molecular prevalence value indicates the importance of screening stool samples of cancer patients with diarrhea for E. bieneusi and genotyping results indicate that D and Type IV are circulating between humans and cats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşegül Aksoy Gökmen
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, İzmir Katip Çelebi University, İzmir, Türkiye
| | - Tülay Öncü Öner
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Bioengineering, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Türkiye
| | - Sedef Erkunt Alak
- Vaccine Development Application and Research Center, Ege University, İzmir, Türkiye
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Molecular Biology Section, Ege University, İzmir, Türkiye
| | - Ecem Su Koçkaya
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Molecular Biology Section, Ege University, İzmir, Türkiye
| | - Mervenur Güvendi
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Molecular Biology Section, Ege University, İzmir, Türkiye
| | - Mehmet Karabey
- Department of Medical Virology, Basaksehir Çam and Sakura City Hospital, University of Health Science, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Ahmet Alacacıoğlu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, İzmir Katip Çelebi University, İzmir, Türkiye
| | - Bayram Pektaş
- Department of Microbiology, İzmir Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Türkiye
| | - Aysu Değirmenci Döşkaya
- Vaccine Development Application and Research Center, Ege University, İzmir, Türkiye
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Parasitology, Ege University, İzmir, Türkiye
- Department of Vaccine Studies, Institute of Health Sciences, Ege University, İzmir, Türkiye
| | - Muhammet Karakavuk
- Vaccine Development Application and Research Center, Ege University, İzmir, Türkiye
- Department of Vaccine Studies, Institute of Health Sciences, Ege University, İzmir, Türkiye
- Ödemiş Vocational High School, Ege University, İzmir, Türkiye
| | - Mert Döşkaya
- Vaccine Development Application and Research Center, Ege University, İzmir, Türkiye
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Parasitology, Ege University, İzmir, Türkiye
- Department of Vaccine Studies, Institute of Health Sciences, Ege University, İzmir, Türkiye
| | - Cemal Ün
- Vaccine Development Application and Research Center, Ege University, İzmir, Türkiye
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Molecular Biology Section, Ege University, İzmir, Türkiye
- Department of Vaccine Studies, Institute of Health Sciences, Ege University, İzmir, Türkiye
| | - Adnan Yüksel Gürüz
- Vaccine Development Application and Research Center, Ege University, İzmir, Türkiye
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Parasitology, Ege University, İzmir, Türkiye
- Department of Vaccine Studies, Institute of Health Sciences, Ege University, İzmir, Türkiye
| | - Selçuk Kaya
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, İzmir Katip Çelebi University, İzmir, Türkiye
| | - Hüseyin Can
- Vaccine Development Application and Research Center, Ege University, İzmir, Türkiye.
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Molecular Biology Section, Ege University, İzmir, Türkiye.
- Department of Vaccine Studies, Institute of Health Sciences, Ege University, İzmir, Türkiye.
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Akossi RF, Delbac F, El Alaoui H, Wawrzyniak I, Peyretaillade E. The intracellular parasite Anncaliia algerae induces a massive miRNA down-regulation in human cells. Noncoding RNA Res 2023; 8:363-375. [PMID: 37275245 PMCID: PMC10238475 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2023.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Anncaliia algerae belongs to microsporidia, a group of obligate intracellular parasites related to fungi. These parasites are largely spread in water and food-webs and can infect a wide variety of hosts ranging from invertebrates to vertebrates including humans. In humans, microsporidian infections are mainly opportunistic as immunocompetent hosts can clear parasites naturally. Recent studies however have reported persistent microsporidian infections and have highlighted them as a risk factor in colon cancer. This may be a direct result of cell infection or may be an indirect effect of the infectious microenvironment and the host's response. In both cases, this raises the question of the effects of microsporidian infection at the host and host-cell levels. We aimed to address the question of human host intracellular response to microsporidian infection through a transcriptomic kinetic study of human foreskin fibroblasts (HFF) infected with A.algerae, a human infecting microsporidia with an exceptionally wide host range. We focused solely on host response studying both coding and small non-coding miRNA expression. Our study revealed a generalized down-regulation of cell miRNAs throughout infection with up to 547 different miRNAs downregulated at some timepoints and also transcriptomic dysregulations that could facilitate parasite development with immune and lipid metabolism genes modulation. We also hypothesize possible small nucleic acid expropriation explaining the miRNA downregulation. This work contributes to a better understanding of the dialogue that can occur between an intracellular parasite and its host at the cellular level, and can guide future studies on microsporidian infection biology to unravel the mode of action of these minimalist parasites at the tissue or host levels.We have also generated a kinetic and comprehensive transcriptomic data set of an infectious process that can help support comparative studies in the broader field of parasitology. Lastly, these results may warrant for caution regarding microsporidian exposure and persistent infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reginald Florian Akossi
- Laboratoire “Microorganismes: Génome et Environnement” (LMGE), UMR 6023, Université Clermont Auvergne and CNRS, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Fréderic Delbac
- Laboratoire “Microorganismes: Génome et Environnement” (LMGE), UMR 6023, Université Clermont Auvergne and CNRS, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Hicham El Alaoui
- Laboratoire “Microorganismes: Génome et Environnement” (LMGE), UMR 6023, Université Clermont Auvergne and CNRS, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Ivan Wawrzyniak
- Laboratoire “Microorganismes: Génome et Environnement” (LMGE), UMR 6023, Université Clermont Auvergne and CNRS, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Eric Peyretaillade
- Laboratoire “Microorganismes: Génome et Environnement” (LMGE), UMR 6023, Université Clermont Auvergne and CNRS, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Redondo F, Hurtado-Marcos C, Izquierdo F, Cuéllar C, Fenoy S, Sáez Y, Magnet Á, Galindo-Regal L, Uribe N, López-Bañeres M, Jiménez AI, Llombart-Cussac A, Del Águila C, Andreu-Ballester JC. Latent Microsporidia Infection Prevalence as a Risk Factor in Colon Cancer Patients. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:5342. [PMID: 36358760 PMCID: PMC9658866 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14215342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Microsporidia are opportunistic intracellular parasites, generating serious pathology in individuals with a compromised immune system. Infection by microsporidia inhibits p53 and Caspase 3, proteins involved in apoptosis and the cell cycle, which are vital in the malignant process of epithelial cells. The presence of microsporidia in the intestinal tissues of 87 colon cancer (CC) patients and 25 healthy controls was analyzed by real-time PCR and an immunofluorescence antibody test. Anti-Encephalitozoon antibodies were analyzed in serum samples by ELISA (enzyme linked immunosorbent assay). In 36 (41.3%) CC cases, microsporidia infections were identified in their tissues vs. no cases among control subjects (p < 0.0001). An increase in IgG and IgE anti-Encephalitozoon antibodies was found in patients with CC, which would demonstrate continuous and previous contact with the parasite. The high prevalence of microsporidia in tissues and the seroprevalence in patients with CC suggest a relationship between microsporidia and the etiopathogenesis of CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Redondo
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28660 Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - Carolina Hurtado-Marcos
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28660 Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - Fernando Izquierdo
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28660 Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - Carmen Cuéllar
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Soledad Fenoy
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28660 Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - Yanira Sáez
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28660 Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - Ángela Magnet
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28660 Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - Lorena Galindo-Regal
- Molecular Biologist, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Research Department, Arnau de Vilanova University Hospital, FISABIO Foundation, 46015 Valencia, Spain
| | - Natalia Uribe
- Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Arnau de Vilanova University Hospital, 46015 Valencia, Spain
| | - Manuel López-Bañeres
- Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Arnau de Vilanova University Hospital, 46015 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Isabel Jiménez
- Pathology Department, Arnau de Vilanova University Hospital, 46015 Valencia, Spain
| | - Antonio Llombart-Cussac
- Medical Oncology Department, Arnau de Vilanova Hospital, Catholic University of Valencia, 46015 Valencia, Spain
| | - Carmen Del Águila
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28660 Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Andreu-Ballester
- FISABIO Foundation and Research Department, Arnau de Vilanova University Hospital, c/San Clemente 12, 46015 Valencia, Spain
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Azzouz-Olden F, Hunt A, DeGrandi-Hoffman G. Transcriptional response of honey bee (Apis mellifera) to differential nutritional status and Nosema infection. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:628. [PMID: 30134827 PMCID: PMC6106827 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-5007-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bees are confronting several environmental challenges, including the intermingled effects of malnutrition and disease. Intuitively, pollen is the healthiest nutritional choice, however, commercial substitutes, such as Bee-Pro and MegaBee, are widely used. Herein we examined how feeding natural and artificial diets shapes transcription in the abdomen of the honey bee, and how transcription shifts in combination with Nosema parasitism. Results Gene ontology enrichment revealed that, compared with poor diet (carbohydrates [C]), bees fed pollen (P > C), Bee-Pro (B > C), and MegaBee (M > C) showed a broad upregulation of metabolic processes, especially lipids; however, pollen feeding promoted more functions, and superior proteolysis. The superiority of the pollen diet was also evident through the remarkable overexpression of vitellogenin in bees fed pollen instead of MegaBee or Bee-Pro. Upregulation of bioprocesses under carbohydrates feeding compared to pollen (C > P) provided a clear poor nutritional status, uncovering stark expression changes that were slight or absent relatively to Bee-Pro (C > B) or MegaBee (C > M). Poor diet feeding (C > P) induced starvation response genes and hippo signaling pathway, while it repressed growth through different mechanisms. Carbohydrate feeding (C > P) also elicited ‘adult behavior’, and developmental processes suggesting transition to foraging. Finally, it altered the ‘circadian rhythm’, reflecting the role of this mechanism in the adaptation to nutritional stress in mammals. Nosema-infected bees fed pollen compared to carbohydrates (PN > CN) upheld certain bioprocesses of uninfected bees (P > C). Poor nutritional status was more apparent against pollen (CN > PN) than Bee-Pro (CN > BN) or MegaBee (CN > MN). Nosema accentuated the effects of malnutrition since more starvation-response genes and stress response mechanisms were upregulated in CN > PN compared to C > P. The bioprocess ‘Macromolecular complex assembly’ was also enriched in CN > PN, and involved genes associated with human HIV and/or influenza, thus providing potential candidates for bee-Nosema interactions. Finally, the enzyme Duox emerged as essential for guts defense in bees, similarly to Drosophila. Conclusions These results provide evidence of the superior nutritional status of bees fed pollen instead of artificial substitutes in terms of overall health, even in the presence of a pathogen. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-018-5007-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arthur Hunt
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40546, USA
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