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Popa SA, Morar A, Ban-Cucerzan A, Tîrziu E, Herman V, Imre M, Florea T, Morar D, Pătrînjan RT, Imre K. First study in the frequency of isolation and phenotypic antimicrobial resistance profiles of pig and cattle origin Campylobacter strains in Romania. Vet Res Commun 2024:10.1007/s11259-024-10360-w. [PMID: 38556573 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-024-10360-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Campylobacter spp. is recognized as one of the most common pathogens involved in the development of gastrointestinal infections in humans. The current study aimed to enhance the knowledge on the occurrence and molecular characterization of Campylobacter spp. in pigs and cattle origin caecum samples (n = 56) collected in one year, from nine Romanian slaughterhouses, and to determine the antimicrobial resistance profile of the isolated strains. All Campylobacter spp. strains (n = 41) isolated from swine and cattle caecum samples were analyzed in terms of antimicrobial resistance, in accordance with the EURL protocol and with the Commission Implementing Decision No. 2020/1729. The prevalence rate for C. coli. in pig caecum samples was 92.3% (36/39), and the prevalence of C. jejuni, in cattle origin samples was 29.4% (5/17). C. coli strains isolated from pigs proved resistant to tetracycline 75% (27/36), ciprofloxacin 69.4% (25/36), erythromycin 8.3% (3/36), ertapenem 2.8% (1/36) and gentamicin 2.8% (1/36), but no resistance was observed towards chloramphenicol. C. jejuni strains originating from cattle expressed resistance to ciprofloxacin 60.0% (3/5) and tetracycline 20.0% (1/5), but they were susceptible to chloramphenicol, erythromycin, ertapenem and gentamicin. In the present study, 19.5% (7/36) C. coli strains isolated from pigs were identified as multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. The obtained results demonstrated that pigs especially, but cattle to, can be considered important natural reservoirs for zoonotic multidrug-resistant Campylobacter strains, having a stimulating effect for further studies aiming at the molecular screening of the genotypic antimicrobial resistance processing of a higher number of samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Alexandru Popa
- Department of Animal Production and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences "King Mihai I" from Timişoara, Calea Aradului No. 119, Timisoara, 300645, Romania.
| | - Adriana Morar
- Department of Animal Production and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences "King Mihai I" from Timişoara, Calea Aradului No. 119, Timisoara, 300645, Romania
| | - Alexandra Ban-Cucerzan
- Department of Animal Production and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences "King Mihai I" from Timişoara, Calea Aradului No. 119, Timisoara, 300645, Romania
| | - Emil Tîrziu
- Department of Animal Production and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences "King Mihai I" from Timişoara, Calea Aradului No. 119, Timisoara, 300645, Romania
| | - Viorel Herman
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences "King Mihai I" from Timişoara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Mirela Imre
- Department of Parasitology and Dermatology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences "King Michael I" from Timişoara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Tiana Florea
- Department of Parasitology and Dermatology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences "King Michael I" from Timişoara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Doru Morar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences "King Mihai I" from Timişoara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Răzvan-Tudor Pătrînjan
- Department of Animal Production and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences "King Mihai I" from Timişoara, Calea Aradului No. 119, Timisoara, 300645, Romania
| | - Kálmán Imre
- Department of Animal Production and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences "King Mihai I" from Timişoara, Calea Aradului No. 119, Timisoara, 300645, Romania.
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Knipper AD, Göhlich S, Stingl K, Ghoreishi N, Fischer-Tenhagen C, Bandick N, Tenhagen BA, Crease T. Longitudinal Study for the Detection and Quantification of Campylobacter spp. in Dairy Cows during Milking and in the Dairy Farm Environment. Foods 2023; 12:foods12081639. [PMID: 37107434 PMCID: PMC10137412 DOI: 10.3390/foods12081639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Campylobacteriosis outbreaks have repeatedly been associated with the consumption of raw milk. This study aimed to explore the variation in the prevalence and concentration of Campylobacter spp. in cows' milk and feces, the farm environment and on the teat skin over an entire year at a small German dairy farm. Bi-weekly samples were collected from the environment (boot socks), teats, raw milk, milk filters, milking clusters and feces collected from the recta of dairy cows. Samples were analyzed for Campylobacter spp., E. coli, the total aerobic plate count and for Pseudomonas spp. The prevalence of Campylobacter spp. was found to be the highest in feces (77.1%), completely absent in milking equipment and low in raw milk (0.4%). The mean concentration of Campylobacter spp. was 2.43 log10 colony-forming units (CFU)/g in feces and 1.26 log10 CFU/teat swab. Only a single milk filter at the end of the milk pipeline and one individual cow's raw milk sample were positive on the same day, with a concentration of 2.74 log10 CFU/filter and 2.37 log10 CFU/mL for the raw milk. On the same day, nine teat swab samples tested positive for Campylobacter spp. This study highlights the persistence of Campylobacter spp. for at least one year in the intestine of individual cows and within the general farm environment and demonstrates that fecal cross-contamination of the teats can occur even when the contamination of raw milk is a rare event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Delia Knipper
- Department of Biological Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Steven Göhlich
- Department of Biological Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Kerstin Stingl
- Department of Biological Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Narges Ghoreishi
- Department Exposure, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Carola Fischer-Tenhagen
- Center for Protection of Experimental Animals, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Niels Bandick
- Department of Biological Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernd-Alois Tenhagen
- Department of Biological Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tasja Crease
- Department of Biological Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
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Genomic Diversity of Campylobacter lari Group Isolates from Europe and Australia in a One Health Context. Appl Environ Microbiol 2022; 88:e0136822. [PMID: 36354326 PMCID: PMC9746300 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01368-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Members of the Campylobacter lari group are causative agents of human gastroenteritis and are frequently found in shellfish, marine waters, shorebirds, and marine mammals. Within a One Health context, we used comparative genomics to characterize isolates from a diverse range of sources and geographical locations within Europe and Australia and assess possible transmission of food, animal, and environmental isolates to the human host. A total of 158 C. lari isolates from Australia, Denmark, France, and Germany, which included 82 isolates from human stool and blood, 12 from food, 14 from domestic animal, 19 from waterbirds, and 31 from the environment were analyzed. Genome-wide analysis of the genetic diversity, virulence, and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) traits was carried-out. Most of the isolates belonged to C. lari subsp. lari (Cll; 98, 62.0%), while C. lari subsp. concheus and C. lari urease-positive thermotolerant Campylobacter (UPTC) were represented by 12 (7.6%) and 15 (9.5%) isolates, respectively. Furthermore, 33 (20.9%) isolates were not assigned a subspecies and were thus attributed to distant Campylobacter spp. clades. Whole-genome sequence-derived multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and core-genome MLST (cgMLST) analyses revealed a high genetic diversity with 97 sequence types (STs), including 60 novel STs and 14 cgMLST clusters (≤10 allele differences), respectively. The most prevalent STs were ST-21, ST-70, ST-24, and ST-58 (accounting for 13.3%, 4.4%, 3.8%, and 3.2% of isolates, respectively). A high prevalence of the 125 examined virulence-related loci (from 76.8 to 98.4% per isolate) was observed, especially in Cll isolates, suggesting a probable human pathogenicity of these strains. IMPORTANCE Currently, relatedness between bacterial isolates impacting human health is easily monitored by molecular typing methods. These approaches rely on discrete loci or whole-genome sequence (WGS) analyses. Campylobacter lari is an emergent human pathogen isolated from diverse ecological niches, including fecal material from humans and animals, aquatic environments, and seafood. The presence of C. lari in such diverse sources underlines the importance of adopting an integrated One Health approach in studying C. lari population structure for conducting epidemiological risk assessment. This retrospective study presents a comparative genomics analysis of C. lari isolates retrieved from two different continents (Europe and Australia) and from different sources (human, domestic animals, waterbirds, food, and environment). It was designed to improve knowledge regarding C. lari ecology and pathogenicity, important for developing effective surveillance and disease prevention strategies.
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Sasaki Y, Asakura H, Asai T. Prevalence and fluoroquinolone resistance of Campylobacter spp. isolated from beef cattle in Japan. ANIMAL DISEASES 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s44149-022-00048-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractBeef is a source of human Campylobacter infections. Antimicrobial treatment is needed when patients are immunocompromised or have other comorbidities. Therefore, we investigated the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacter spp. in beef cattle in Japan. Rectal swab samples were collected from 164 beef cattle at an abattoir between March 2021 and August 2021, and Campylobacter spp. were isolated from 94 (57.3%) cattle. C. jejuni and C. coli were isolated from 68 and 26 cattle, respectively. For Campylobacter jejuni, the resistant rates against ampicillin, tetracycline and ciprofloxacin were 20.6, 75.0 and 64.7%, respectively. For C. coli, the resistant rates against ampicillin, tetracycline and ciprofloxacin were 53.8, 76.9 and 88.5%, respectively. No Campylobacter isolates were resistant to erythromycin. By multilocus sequence typing, C. jejuni and C. coli isolates were classified into 22 and 2 sequence types (STs). The top three STs of C. jejuni were ST806 (12 isolates), ST21 (nine isolates), and ST459 (eight isolates). The most frequent ST of C. coli was ST1068 (23 isolates). The results suggest that Campylobacter spp. are prevalent in the gastrointestinal tract of beef cattle slaughtered at abattoirs. Furthermore, the administration of erythromycin is effective against human campylobacteriosis caused by beef consumption. Monitoring the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacter spp. in beef cattle could be useful for managing the risk of human campylobacteriosis.
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Prevalence and concentration of Campylobacter in faeces of dairy cows: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0276018. [PMID: 36240215 PMCID: PMC9565387 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The consumption of raw milk from dairy cows has caused multiple food-borne outbreaks of campylobacteriosis in the European Union (EU) since 2011. Cross-contamination of raw milk through faeces is an important vehicle for transmission of Campylobacter to consumers. This systematic review and meta-analysis, aimed to summarize data on the prevalence and concentration of Campylobacter in faeces of dairy cows. Suitable scientific articles published up to July 2021 were identified through a systematic literature search and subjected to screening and quality assessment. Fifty-three out of 1338 identified studies were eligible for data extraction and 44 were further eligible for meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence was calculated in two different meta-analytic models: a simple model based on one average prevalence estimate per study and a multilevel meta-analytic model that included all prevalence outcomes reported in each study (including different subgroups of e.g. health status and age of dairy cows). The results of the two models were significantly different with a pooled prevalence estimate of 29%, 95% CI [23-36%] and 51%, 95% CI [44-57%], respectively. The effect of sub-groups on prevalence were analyzed with a multilevel mixed-effect model which showed a significant effect of the faecal collection methods and Campylobacter species on the prevalence. A meta-analysis on concentration data could not be performed due to the limited availability of data. This systematic review highlights important data gaps and limitations in current studies and variation of prevalence outcomes between available studies. The included studies used a variety of methods for sampling, data collection and analysis of Campylobacter that added uncertainty to the pooled prevalence estimates. Nevertheless, the performed meta-analysis improved our understanding of Campylobacter prevalence in faeces of dairy cows and is considered a valuable basis for the further development of quantitative microbiological risk assessment models for Campylobacter in (raw) milk and food products thereof.
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Lopez-Chavarrias V, Ugarte-Ruiz M, Barcena C, Olarra A, Garcia M, Saez JL, de Frutos C, Serrano T, Perez I, Moreno MA, Dominguez L, Alvarez J. Monitoring of Antimicrobial Resistance to Aminoglycosides and Macrolides in Campylobacter coli and Campylobacter jejuni From Healthy Livestock in Spain (2002-2018). Front Microbiol 2021; 12:689262. [PMID: 34276619 PMCID: PMC8283307 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.689262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Campylobacter spp. (Campylobacter coli and Campylobacter jejuni) is a concern due to its importance in public health, particularly when it involves aminoglycosides and macrolides, drugs of choice for treatment of human cases. Co-resistance to these two antimicrobial classes involves transfer of genetic elements and/or acquisition of mutations in different genetic loci, which can in turn spread through vertical or horizontal gene transfer (HGT) phenomena, with each route having different potential implications. This study aimed at evaluating the association between the presence of phenotypic resistance to these two antimicrobial classes in C. coli and C. jejuni recovered from livestock at slaughterhouses in Spain (as part of the AMR surveillance program), and at assessing the genetic heterogeneity between resistant and susceptible isolates by analysing the "short variable region" (SVR) of the flaA gene. Over the 2002-2018 period, antimicrobial susceptibility test results from 10,965 Campylobacter isolates retrieved from fecal samples of broilers, turkeys, pigs and cattle were collected to compare the proportion of resistant isolates and the Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MICs) against six antimicrobials including gentamicin (GEN), streptomycin (STR), and erythromycin (ERY). AMR-associated genes were determined for a group of 51 isolates subjected to whole genome sequencing, and the flaA SVR of a subset of 168 isolates from all hosts with different resistotypes was used to build a Neighbor-Joining-based phylogenetic tree and assess the existence of groups by means of "relative synonymous codon usage" (RSCU) analysis. The proportion of antimicrobial resistant isolates to both, aminoglycosides and macrolides, varied widely for C. coli (7-91%) and less for C. jejuni (all hosts 0-11%). Across hosts, these proportions were 7-56% in poultry, 12-82% in cattle, and 22-91% in pigs for C. coli and 0-8% in poultry and 1-11% in cattle for C. jejuni. Comparison of the MIC distributions revealed significant host-specific differences only for ERY in C. jejuni (p = 0.032). A significant association in the simultaneous presentation of AMR to both antimicrobial classes was observed across hosts/bacterial species. The flaA gene analysis showed clustering of isolates sharing resistotype and to a lesser degree bacterial species and host. Several resistance markers associated with resistance to aminoglycosides and macrolides were found among the sequenced isolates. The consistent association between the simultaneous presentation of AMR to aminoglycosides and macrolides in all hosts could be due to the persistence of strains and/or resistance mechanisms in Campylobacter populations in livestock over time. Further studies based on whole genome sequencing are needed to assess the epidemiological links between hosts and bacterial strains.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Ugarte-Ruiz
- VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Barcena
- VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Adolfo Olarra
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Maria Garcia
- VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Saez
- Subdirección General de Sanidad e Higiene Animal y Trazabilidad, Dirección General de la Producción Agraria, Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca y Alimentación, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina de Frutos
- Laboratorio Central de Veterinaria (LCV Algete), Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca y Alimentación, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tania Serrano
- TRAGSATEC, Tecnologías y Servicios Agrarios S.A., Madrid, Spain
| | - Iratxe Perez
- Laboratorio Central de Veterinaria (LCV Algete), Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca y Alimentación, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Angel Moreno
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucas Dominguez
- VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julio Alvarez
- VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Hoque N, Islam SKS, Uddin MN, Arif M, Haque AKMZ, Neogi SB, Hossain MM, Yamasaki S, Kabir SML. Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Molecular Detection of Campylobacter in Farmed Cattle of Selected Districts in Bangladesh. Pathogens 2021; 10:313. [PMID: 33800065 PMCID: PMC7998914 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10030313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A cross-sectional survey was conducted in selected districts of Bangladesh to estimate prevalence, risk factors, and molecular detection of Campylobacter isolates from 540 farmed cattle of 90 herds. As an individual sample, 540 feces, and as a pooled sample, 180 milk samples, 90 feed samples, 90 water samples, 90 manure samples, and 90 animal attendants' hand-rinse water were collected and tested via culture, biochemical, and molecular assays. A pretested semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect herd-level data on risk factors with the herd owners. The herd-level data on risk factors were analyzed through univariate and multivariate analyses, and a p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant for all analyses. Overall, farm-level prevalence of bovine Campylobacter was enumerated to be 53.3% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 42.5-63.9%). The feces sample was found to be a high level of contamination of 30.9% (95% CI: 27-35%) followed by the manure swab (pooled) at 15.6% (95% CI: 8.8-24.7%). Campylobacter jejuni was documented as an abundant species (12.6%), followed by Campylobacter coli (5.1%), and Campylobacter fetus (0.3%). Older farms (>5 years of age), no/minimum cleaning and disinfection practices, along with animal roaming outside of the farm, were documented as significant risk factors for farm-level Campylobacter occurrence. Evidence-based control measures need to be taken through stringent biosecurity and hygienic measurement to lessen the load of the Campylobacter pathogen in the farm environment and prevent further transmission to animals and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazmul Hoque
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (N.H.); (S.S.I.); (M.N.U.); (M.A.); (A.K.M.Z.H.)
| | - SK Shaheenur Islam
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (N.H.); (S.S.I.); (M.N.U.); (M.A.); (A.K.M.Z.H.)
| | - Md. Nasir Uddin
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (N.H.); (S.S.I.); (M.N.U.); (M.A.); (A.K.M.Z.H.)
| | - Mohammad Arif
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (N.H.); (S.S.I.); (M.N.U.); (M.A.); (A.K.M.Z.H.)
| | - A. K. M. Ziaul Haque
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (N.H.); (S.S.I.); (M.N.U.); (M.A.); (A.K.M.Z.H.)
| | - Sucharit Basu Neogi
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 598-8531, Japan; (S.B.N.); (S.Y.)
| | - Md. Mehedi Hossain
- Program Specialist (Livestock), Krishi Gobeshona Foundation (KGF), Dhaka 1215, Bangladesh;
| | - Shinji Yamasaki
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 598-8531, Japan; (S.B.N.); (S.Y.)
| | - S. M. Lutful Kabir
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (N.H.); (S.S.I.); (M.N.U.); (M.A.); (A.K.M.Z.H.)
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Hansson I, Tamminen LM, Frosth S, Fernström LL, Emanuelson U, Boqvist S. Occurrence of Campylobacter spp. in Swedish calves, common sequence types and antibiotic resistance patterns. J Appl Microbiol 2020; 130:2111-2122. [PMID: 33119192 PMCID: PMC8246890 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Aims Cattle are the second most important cause of human campylobacteriosis, after poultry, but there are knowledge gaps regarding Campylobacter in cattle. This study examined the occurrence of Campylobacter, the species present, sequence types and antibiotic resistance in Swedish cattle. Methods and Results Faeces samples collected from 154 calves on seven Swedish farms, and 69 follow‐up samples from a second collection occasion, were analysed. Campylobacter were isolated from 77% of calves at the first sampling, with Campylobacter jejuni as the most frequently isolated species. Animals kept on deep straw bedding were less likely to be colonized with Campylobacter. Whole‐genome sequencing of 90 C. jejuni samples resulted in 11 sequence types, among which ST‐19 and ST‐21 were most frequent. Antimicrobial resistance analyses showed that 46% of 142 isolates analysed were resistant to quinolones, while all isolates belonging to ST‐19, ST‐22 and ST‐441 were resistant to ciprofloxacin and nalidixic acid. Conclusions Campylobacter jejuni was the species most frequently isolated in calves and a strong association was found between sequence type and antimicrobial resistance pattern. Significance and Impact of the Study The high proportion of calves with quinolone‐resistant Campylobacter jejuni should be considered in a One Health perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Hansson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - L-M Tamminen
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - S Frosth
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - L-L Fernström
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - U Emanuelson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - S Boqvist
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
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Prevalence and Genetic Diversity of C. Jejuni Isolated from Broilers and their Environment Using flaA-RFLP Typing and MLST Analysis. ANNALS OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.2478/aoas-2020-0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Campylobacter is highly diverse genetically and also undergoes frequent intraspecific recombination. A major source of campylobacteriosis, which is transmitted to humans is found in poultry. The assessment of the genetic diversity among Campylobacter population is critical to our understanding of the epidemiology. The genetic diversity of Campylobacter jejuni isolates in broilers and their environment were investigated by flaA-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). The study revealed that 92.3% of the examined broiler flocks were contaminated with Campylobacter spp. A total number of 35 different flaA types defined by flaA-RFLP were found in 448 C. jejuni isolates originated from broilers, litter, puddles, zones, anteroom and wild birds. The most dominant flaA type was XXV. MLST defined 20 sequence types (STs) belonging to 10 clonal complexes (CCs). Among all the STs 9 isolates (15%) were consigned to 2 different STs (ST-7413 and ST-4800), which could not be assigned. The most common CCs were ST-21 and ST-179. The ST-21 CC was common in broilers and environment (puddle water and concentric zones) and the ST-179 CC was specific to wild birds, but also was found in puddle water and concentric zones.
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Karama M, Kambuyi K, Cenci-Goga BT, Malahlela M, Jonker A, He C, Ombui J, Tshuma T, Etter E, Kalake A. Occurrence and Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles of Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, and Campylobacter upsaliensis in Beef Cattle on Cow-Calf Operations in South Africa. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2020; 17:440-446. [PMID: 31934792 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2019.2703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated occurrence and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Campylobacter spp. isolates in beef cattle on five cow-calf operations in South Africa. A total of 537 fecal samples from adult beef cattle (n = 435) and rectal swabs from calves (n = 102) were screened for Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, and Campylobacter upsaliensis by culture and polymerase chain reaction. Furthermore, 86 Campylobacter spp. isolates including 46 C. jejuni, 24 C. coli, and 16 C. upsaliensis were tested for antimicrobial resistance against a panel of 9 antimicrobials. Overall, Campylobacter spp. was detected in 29.7% of cattle. Among the 158 Campylobacter spp.-positive cattle, 61.8% carried C. jejuni, 25% carried C. coli, and 10% carried C. upsaliensis. Five animals (3.1%) had mixed infections: three cows carried C. jejuni and C. coli concurrently, one cow had both C. jejuni and C. upsaliensis, and one cow harbored C. coli and C. upsaliensis. Antimicrobial resistance profiling among 86 Campylobacter spp. isolates revealed that 52.3% of the isolates were resistant to one or more antimicrobials. Antimicrobial resistance was observed in 46.7% of C. jejuni isolates, 35.6% of C. coli, and 17.8% of C. upsaliensis. Thirty-six percent of isolates were resistant to clindamycin, 19.7% to nalidixic acid, 18.6% to tetracycline, and 17.4% to erythromycin. Lower resistance rates were recorded for azithromycin (8.1%), florfenicol (3.4%), gentamicin (4.8%), and telithromycin and ciprofloxacin (5.8%). Multidrug resistance (MDR) was observed in 32.5% of isolates. Significantly higher levels of MDR were detected among C. jejuni (36.9%) and C. coli (33.3%) isolates in comparison to C. upsaliensis (18.7%). Two main multiresistance patterns were detected: nalidixic acid/clindamycin (17.8%) and tetracycline/clindamycin (14.2%). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study which has shown that beef cattle on cow-calf operations in South Africa constitute an important reservoir and a potential source of clinically relevant and antimicrobial resistant Campylobacter spp. strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musafiri Karama
- Veterinary Public Health Section, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa
| | - Katembue Kambuyi
- Veterinary Public Health Section, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa
| | - Beniamino T Cenci-Goga
- Laboratorio di Ispezione degli Alimenti di Origine Animale, Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Mogaugedi Malahlela
- Veterinary Public Health Section, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa
| | - Annelize Jonker
- Department of Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa
| | - Cheng He
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jackson Ombui
- Department of Public Health, Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Takula Tshuma
- Department of Production Animal Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa
| | - Eric Etter
- Department of Production Animal Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa.,Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement-INRA, UMR ASTRE Baillarguet International Campus, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Alan Kalake
- Gauteng Department of Agriculture and Rural Development, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Hansson I, Olsson Engvall E, Ferrari S, Harbom B, Lahti E. Detection of Campylobacter species in different types of samples from dairy farms. Vet Rec 2019; 186:605. [PMID: 31727852 DOI: 10.1136/vr.105610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Livestock, domestic pets and wildlife can be intestinal carriers of thermotolerant Campylobacter species. These reservoirs can in turn contaminate the environment and food products, thus creating pathways to campylobacteriosis in human beings. The purposes of this study were to investigate sampling strategies applied for surveillance of Campylobacter on dairy cattle farms and to identify the presence and species of Campylobacter in different age groups. METHODS Boot sock and faecal samples were collected from five dairy herds from three age groups-cows, heifers and calves younger than 12 months-and from milk filters. RESULTS Campylobacter species were isolated in 152 of 250 samples, of which 93 isolates were identified as C jejuni, 51 as C hyointestinalis, two as C lari and one as C coli, whereas five isolates could not be identified to species level. Campylobacter species were isolated from 86 of 110 faecal samples, 60 of 97 sock samples and six of 43 milk filter samples. CONCLUSION Faecal samples were the optimal sample type for detection of Campylobacter on dairy farms. However, taking multiple types of samples could be recommended in order to optimise the recovery rate and variety of Campylobacter species detected when investigating the presence of Campylobacter on dairy farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Hansson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden .,Department of Microbiology, National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Eva Olsson Engvall
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sevinc Ferrari
- Department of Microbiology, National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Boel Harbom
- Department of Animal Health and Antimicrobial Strategies, National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Elina Lahti
- Department of Epidemiology and Disease Control, National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden
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12
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Campylobacter and Arcobacter species in food-producing animals: prevalence at primary production and during slaughter. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 35:146. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-019-2722-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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13
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Terentjeva M, Streikiša M, Avsejenko J, Trofimova J, Kovaļenko K, Elferts D, Bērziņš A. Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance of Escherichia coli, Enterococcus spp. and the Major Foodborne Pathogens in Calves in Latvia. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2018; 16:35-41. [PMID: 30403535 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2018.2523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to detect the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of fecal indicators and major foodborne pathogens in feces of calves and to identify the factors associated with increased prevalence of resistant bacteria on farms. Altogether, 180 rectal swabs were collected from 18 farms in Latvia. Samples were investigated to detect the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Escherichia coli, Enterococcus spp., Listeria monocytogenes, Yersinia enterocolitica, Salmonella spp., Staphylococcus aureus, and Campylobacter spp. Among all, 64% (74/110) of commensal E. coli, 100% (78/78) Enterococcus faecalis and 96% (22/23) Enterococcus faecium isolates were resistant at least to one antibiotic. The prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)/AmpC-producing E. coli were 11.1% (20/180) with blaCTX-M, blaTEM, and blaCMY genes identified. Campylobacter jejuni (12.8%, 23/180) and Campylobacter coli (2.8%, 5/180) were the most resistant to tetracycline (61%, 14/23; 100%, 5/5) and fluoroquinolones (61%, 14/23; 100%, 5/5). Prevalence of L. monocytogenes was 0.6% (1/180) and S. aureus 1.7% (3/180). All samples were Salmonella and Y. enterocolitica negative. Farm size, bought calves, contact with other calves, and antimicrobial treatment of cows were associated with increased prevalence of resistant E. coli and Enterococcus spp. Despite the low overall usage of antimicrobials in Latvia, the high rates of antimicrobial resistance in fecal indicators and Campylobacter, in addition to the high prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli, highlights the necessity for the prudent use of antimicrobials in dairy farms in Latvia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Terentjeva
- 1 Institute of Food and Environmental Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Jelgava, Latvia
| | - Madara Streikiša
- 2 Institute of Food Safety, Animal Health and Environment BIOR, Riga, Latvia
| | - Jeļena Avsejenko
- 2 Institute of Food Safety, Animal Health and Environment BIOR, Riga, Latvia
| | - Jūlija Trofimova
- 2 Institute of Food Safety, Animal Health and Environment BIOR, Riga, Latvia
| | - Kaspars Kovaļenko
- 1 Institute of Food and Environmental Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Jelgava, Latvia
| | - Didzis Elferts
- 3 Department of Botany and Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
| | - Aivars Bērziņš
- 1 Institute of Food and Environmental Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Jelgava, Latvia.,2 Institute of Food Safety, Animal Health and Environment BIOR, Riga, Latvia
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14
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Premarathne JMKJK, Anuar AS, Thung TY, Satharasinghe DA, Jambari NN, Abdul-Mutalib NA, Huat JTY, Basri DF, Rukayadi Y, Nakaguchi Y, Nishibuchi M, Radu S. Prevalence and Antibiotic Resistance against Tetracycline in Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli in Cattle and Beef Meat from Selangor, Malaysia. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:2254. [PMID: 29255448 PMCID: PMC5722848 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter is a major foodborne pathogen frequently associated with human bacterial gastroenteritis in the world. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and antibiotic resistance of Campylobacter spp. in the beef food system in Malaysia. A total of 340 samples consisting of cattle feces (n = 100), beef (n = 120) from wet markets and beef (n = 120) from hypermarkets were analyzed for Campylobacter spp. The overall prevalence of Campylobacter was 17.4%, consisting of 33% in cattle fecal samples, 14.2% in raw beef from wet market and 7.5% in raw beef from the hypermarket. The multiplex-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) identified 55% of the strains as C. jejuni, 26% as C. coli, and 19% as other Campylobacter spp. A high percentage of Campylobacter spp. were resistant to tetracycline (76.9%) and ampicillin (69.2%), whilst low resistance was exhibited to chloramphenicol (7.6%). The MAR Index of Campylobacter isolates from this study ranged from 0.09 to 0.73. The present study indicates the potential public health risk associated with the beef food system, hence stringent surveillance, regulatory measures, and appropriate interventions are required to minimize Campylobacter contamination and prudent antibiotic usage that can ensure consumer safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayasekara M. K. J. K. Premarathne
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Food Safety Research Center, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
- Department of Livestock and Avian Science, Faculty of Livestock, Fisheries and Nutrition, Wayamba University of Sri Lanka, Kuliyapitiya, Sri Lanka
| | - Aimi S. Anuar
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Food Safety Research Center, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - Tze Young Thung
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Food Safety Research Center, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - Dilan A. Satharasinghe
- Institute of Bio Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
- Department of Basic Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Nuzul Noorahya Jambari
- Food Safety Research Center (FOSREC), Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - Noor-Azira Abdul-Mutalib
- Food Safety Research Center (FOSREC), Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - John Tang Yew Huat
- Faculty of Food Technology, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Dayang F. Basri
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Diagnostic and Applied Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yaya Rukayadi
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Food Safety Research Center, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | | | | | - Son Radu
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Food Safety Research Center, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
- Laboratory of Food Safety and Food Integrity, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
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15
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Prevalence, genetic diversity and antimicrobial susceptibility of Campylobacter jejuni isolated from retail food in China. Food Control 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2015.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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16
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Scientific Opinion on the public health risks related to the consumption of raw drinking milk. EFSA J 2015. [DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2015.3940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
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