1
|
Eriksson J, Rimes-Stigare C, Rysz S, von Oelreich E. Benzodiazepine Dependence After Cardiothoracic Intensive Care: A Nationwide Cohort Study. Ann Thorac Surg 2024; 118:268-274. [PMID: 37977256 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2023.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to describe benzodiazepine use after cardiothoracic intensive care unit (ICU) care, including factors associated with new long-term high-potency benzodiazepine use after critical care, and to determine whether benzodiazepine use is associated with an increased risk of death. METHODS A nationwide retrospective cohort study was conducted of all cardiothoracic ICU patients in Sweden between 2010 and 2018. All patients older than 18 years who survived the first 3 months after admission to a cardiothoracic ICU were eligible for inclusion. A total of 36,135 patients were screened, and 4163 were ineligible. RESULTS In the final study cohort of 31,972 benzodiazepine-naive patients admitted to critical care, 578 patients had persistent high-potency benzodiazepine use. The proportion of new persistent benzodiazepine users was 5% in the first 3 months after ICU care, followed by a decline to a consistent level of 2% at 2 years of follow-up. Factors associated with persistent benzodiazepine use included higher age, female sex, psychiatric and somatic comorbidities, substance abuse, and preadmission opioid and low-potency benzodiazepine use. Adjusted hazard ratio for death 6 to 18 months after admission for new persistent benzodiazepine users was 2.2 (95% CI, 1.5-3.1; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS High-potency benzodiazepine consumption is increased 2 years after admission to cardiothoracic ICU care despite lack of support for long-term use of benzodiazepines. Being older and female, prior opioid use, and comorbid conditions were among risk factors for persistent benzodiazepine use. Persistent benzodiazepine users had an increased risk of death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jesper Eriksson
- Department of Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden; Section of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Claire Rimes-Stigare
- Department of Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden; Section of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Susanne Rysz
- Department of Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden; Section of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Erik von Oelreich
- Department of Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden; Section of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Niazi SK, Iqbal M, Spaulding AC, Wood C, Manochakian R, Paulus A, Ailawadhi S, Brennan E, Kharfan Dabaja MA, Sher T. Impact of Benzodiazepine Use on Length of Stay and 30-Day ED Visits among Hospitalized Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients. South Med J 2022; 115:936-943. [DOI: 10.14423/smj.0000000000001481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
|
3
|
Landolt S, Rosemann T, Blozik E, Brüngger B, Huber CA. Benzodiazepine and Z-Drug Use in Switzerland: Prevalence, Prescription Patterns and Association with Adverse Healthcare Outcomes. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2021; 17:1021-1034. [PMID: 33880026 PMCID: PMC8052118 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s290104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to give a nationwide comprehensive picture of the prevalence and prescription patterns of benzodiazepines (BZ) and Z-drugs (ZD) in Switzerland and to analyze the association with adverse health care outcomes. PATIENTS AND METHODS A population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted, using a large health insurance database in Switzerland. Records from all adult patients with ≥1 prescription for a benzodiazepine and/or a Z-drug in 2018 were included. We calculated the prevalence of BZ and ZD user (extrapolated to the Swiss general population), the number of prescriptions and the type of provider (among each BZ and ZD only user). Multivariate logistic regression models were performed to estimate the association between drug prescription and the risk of hospitalization in different healthcare settings. RESULTS Of a total of 844'692 patients, 95'179 had ≥1 BZ and/or ZD prescription in 2018. The extrapolated one-year prevalence for the general Swiss population was 8.1% for a BZ prescription, 3.5% for a ZD prescription, and 10.5% for a BZ and/or ZD prescription, and continuously increased with age. The majority of the elderly (over 65 years) had ≥1 prescription (BZ: 51.9%; ZD: 56.9%; BZ and/or ZD: 53.5). The proportion of patients with ≥6 prescriptions per year was 23.1% for BZ only user and 35.2% for ZD only user. Most patients had ≥1 prescription from a general practitioner. Regression models showed a higher likelihood to be admitted to acute care, psychiatry, rehabilitation, or nursing home with ≥1 prescription for a benzodiazepine and/or a Z-drug. CONCLUSION This study is the first to give a nationwide overview of the current use of benzodiazepines and Z-drugs in Switzerland based on health insurance claims data. The results revealed a remarkably high prevalence among the general Swiss population, especially in older generations. The negative consequences of heavy BZ and ZD use are a crucial public health problem, that should be addressed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salome Landolt
- Institute of Primary Care, University of Zürich, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Rosemann
- Institute of Primary Care, University of Zürich, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Eva Blozik
- Institute of Primary Care, University of Zürich, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Department of Health Sciences, Helsana Insurance Group, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Beat Brüngger
- Department of Health Sciences, Helsana Insurance Group, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Carola A Huber
- Institute of Primary Care, University of Zürich, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Department of Health Sciences, Helsana Insurance Group, Zürich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Soong C, Burry L, Cho HJ, Gathecha E, Kisuule F, Tannenbaum C, Vijenthira A, Morgenthaler T. An Implementation Guide to Promote Sleep and Reduce Sedative-Hypnotic Initiation for Noncritically Ill Inpatients. JAMA Intern Med 2019; 179:965-972. [PMID: 31157831 DOI: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2019.1196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Sedative-hypnotic medications are frequently prescribed for hospitalized patients with insomnia, but they can result in preventable harm such as delirium, falls, hip fractures, and increased morbidity. Furthermore, sedative-hypnotic initiation while in the hospital carries a risk of chronic use after discharge. Disrupted sleep is a major contributor to sedative-hypnotic use among patients in the hospital and other institutional settings. Numerous multicomponent studies on improving sleep quality in these settings have been described, some demonstrating an associated reduction of sedative-hypnotic prescriptions. This selected review summarizes effective interventions aimed at promoting sleep and reducing inappropriate sedative-hypnotic initiation and proposes an implementation strategy to guide quality improvement teams.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine Soong
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Centre for Quality and Patient Safety, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lisa Burry
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pharmacy, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hyung J Cho
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.,Lown Institute, Brookline, Massachusetts
| | - Evelyn Gathecha
- Division of Hospital Medicine, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Flora Kisuule
- Division of Hospital Medicine, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Cara Tannenbaum
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Abi Vijenthira
- Postgraduate Medical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Timothy Morgenthaler
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kitamura Y, Hongo S, Yamashita Y, Yagi S, Otsuki K, Miki A, Okada A, Ushio S, Esumi S, Sendo T. Influence of lipopolysaccharide on diazepam-modified loss of righting reflex duration by pentobarbital treatment in mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 842:231-238. [PMID: 30391741 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.10.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Benzodiazepine receptor agonists are widely prescribed therapeutic agents, alter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)A receptor function, and have hypnotic, anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, and antispastic effects. GABAA receptor activity increases under systemic inflammatory conditions. We investigated the effect of benzodiazepine receptor agonists on pentobarbital-induced loss of righting reflex (LORR) duration using a mouse model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation. We assessed pentobarbital-induced LORR duration 24 h after LPS treatment in mice. Additionally, we examined the microglial response by immunohistochemistry and serum IL-6 and TNF-α concentrations in mice. LPS treatment significantly increased the duration of pentobarbital-induced LORR in mice treated with benzodiazepine receptor agonists (diazepam and brotizolam) and a GABAA receptor agonist (muscimol) compared to that of mice treated with vehicle. These effects were blocked by bicuculline, a GABAA receptor antagonist. LPS significantly increased the number of ionized calcium binding adapter molecule-1-positive hippocampal cells 2 and 24 h after treatment. The enhancing effect of diazepam in LPS-treated mice was significantly reduced by minocycline. These findings suggest that LPS enhances pentobarbital-induced LORR duration in mice treated with benzodiazepine via GABAA receptor activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihisa Kitamura
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.
| | - Shiho Hongo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Yamashita
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Shinpei Yagi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Kanami Otsuki
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Akihisa Miki
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Ayumi Okada
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Soichiro Ushio
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Satoru Esumi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Sendo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Nishimura S, Nakao M. Cost-effectiveness analysis of suvorexant for the treatment of Japanese elderly patients with chronic insomnia in a virtual cohort. J Med Econ 2018; 21:698-703. [PMID: 29667471 DOI: 10.1080/13696998.2018.1466710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This study assessed the cost-effectiveness of the orexin receptor antagonist suvorexant against zolpidem, the most widely used hypnotic benzodiazepine receptor agonist in Japan. To this end, a model was used that factored in insomnia and the risk for hip fractures, which have devastating effects on the elderly. METHODS Data were derived from published papers. The target population was a virtual cohort of elderly patients (≥65 years) with insomnia residing in Japan. Cost-effectiveness was evaluated using quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio as effectiveness measures. The investigators assumed the perspective of healthcare payers. RESULTS In the base-case analysis, suvorexant was cost-saving (suvorexant: $252.3, zolpidem: $328.7) and had higher QALYs gained (suvorexant: 0.0641, zolpidem: 0.0635) for elderly Japanese patients with insomnia compared with zolpidem, indicating that suvorexant was dominant. In the sensitivity analysis, the outcome changed from dominant to dominated due to the relative risk for hip fractures associated with suvorexant. However, when the other parameters were varied from the lower to the upper limits of their ranges, suvorexant remained dominant compared to zolpidem. LIMITATIONS The relative risk for hip fractures for suvorexant used in the model was based on data from pre-approval clinical trials. More precise data may be needed. CONCLUSIONS Suvorexant seemed to be more cost-effective than the alternative zolpidem. The findings suggested that suvorexant might be a viable alternative to zolpidem for elderly patients with insomnia. A sensitivity analysis showed that outcome varied depending on the relative risk for hip fractures associated with suvorexant. Further investigations may be needed for more precise results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shinichi Nishimura
- a Medical Affairs, MSD K.K. , Tokyo , Japan
- b Graduate School of Public Health , Teikyo University , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Mutsuhiro Nakao
- b Graduate School of Public Health , Teikyo University , Tokyo , Japan
- c Division of Psychosomatic Medicine , Teikyo University Hospital , Tokyo , Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Prescribing practices in Southeastern Europe - focus on benzodiazepine prescription at discharge from nine university psychiatric hospitals. Psychiatry Res 2017; 258:59-65. [PMID: 28988045 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.09.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
There is much concern about the widespread long-term use of benzodiazepines. Our manuscript addressed its use in the region of Southeastern Europe, which seems extensive, but insufficiently explored. At nine university psychiatric hospitals (Croatia, Macedonia and Serbia), we retrospectively analyzed discharge summary documents to find the prevalence of discharge benzodiazepine prescriptions and the prescribed benzodiazepine doses. This study included 1047 adult subjects and showed that 81.9% of them had benzodiazepines prescribed in the discharge summary document, with high mean daily dose of around 5mg lorazepam equivalents. Factors associated with the prescriptions were exclusively clinical factors (diagnosis of schizophrenia spectrum disorders, more lifetime hospitalizations, psychiatric comorbidity, co-prescription of antidepressant or mood stabilizer, shorter duration of the hospitalization), while socio-demographic factors were not found to influence benzodiazepine discharge prescriptions. Similarly, factors which influenced the prescription of higher daily benzodiazepine dose were more lifetime psychiatric hospitalizations and co-prescription of antidepressant or mood stabilizer, as well as the diagnosis of mental/behavioral disorders due to substance use and co-prescribed antipsychotic. Our data are emphasizing an urgent need for guidelines and improved education of both health care professionals and patients, in order to prevent long term benzodiazepine (mis)use and related side-effects.
Collapse
|
8
|
Kroll DS, Nieva HR, Barsky AJ, Linder JA. Benzodiazepines are Prescribed More Frequently to Patients Already at Risk for Benzodiazepine-Related Adverse Events in Primary Care. J Gen Intern Med 2016; 31:1027-34. [PMID: 27177914 PMCID: PMC4978684 DOI: 10.1007/s11606-016-3740-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Revised: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Benzodiazepine use is associated with adverse drug events and higher mortality. Known risk factors for benzodiazepine-related adverse events include lung disease, substance use, and vulnerability to fracture. OBJECTIVE To determine whether benzodiazepine prescribing is associated with risk factors for adverse outcomes. DESIGN Longitudinal cohort study between July 1, 2011, and June 30, 2012. PARTICIPANTS Patients who visited hospital- and community-based practices in a primary care practice-based research network. MAIN MEASURES Odds ratio of having a target medical diagnosis for patients who received standard and high-dose benzodiazepine prescriptions; rates per 100 patients for outpatient and emergency department visits and hospitalizations. KEY RESULTS Among 65,912 patients, clinicians prescribed at least one benzodiazepine to 15 % (9821). Of benzodiazepine recipients, 5 % received high doses. Compared to non-recipients, benzodiazepine recipients were more likely to have diagnoses of depression (OR, 2.7; 95 % CI, 2.6-2.9), substance abuse (OR, 2.2; 95 % CI, 1.9-2.5), tobacco use (OR, 1.7; 95 % CI, 1.5-1.8), osteoporosis (OR, 1.6; 95 % CI, 1.5-1.7), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (OR, 1.6; 95 % CI, 1.5-1.7), alcohol abuse (OR, 1.5; 95 % CI, 1.3-1.7), sleep apnea (OR, 1.5; 95 % CI, 1.3-1.6), and asthma (OR, 1.5; 95 % CI, 1.4-1.5). Compared to low-dose benzodiazepine recipients, high-dose benzodiazepine recipients were even more likely to have certain medical diagnoses: substance abuse (OR, 7.5; 95 % CI, 5.5-10.1), alcohol abuse (OR, 3.2; 95 % CI, 2.2-4.5), tobacco use (OR, 2.7; 95 % CI, 2.1-3.5), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (OR, 1.5; 95 % CI, 1.2-1.9). Benzodiazepine recipients had more primary care visits per 100 patients (408 vs. 323), specialist outpatient visits (815 vs. 578), emergency department visits (47 vs. 29), and hospitalizations (26 vs. 15; p < .001 for all comparisons). CONCLUSIONS Clinicians prescribed benzodiazepines and high-dose benzodiazepines more frequently to patients at higher risk for benzodiazepine-related adverse events. Benzodiazepine prescribing was associated with increased healthcare utilization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David S Kroll
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02120, USA.
| | - Harry Reyes Nieva
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of General Medicine and Primary Care, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Arthur J Barsky
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02120, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Linder
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of General Medicine and Primary Care, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Murakawa K, Kitamura Y, Watanabe S, Hongo S, Shinomiya K, Sendo T. Clinical risk factors associated with postoperative delirium and evaluation of delirium management and assessment team in lung and esophageal cancer patients. J Pharm Health Care Sci 2015; 1:4. [PMID: 26819715 PMCID: PMC4677726 DOI: 10.1186/s40780-014-0002-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Delirium is an acute change in cognition and concentration that complicates the postoperative course. Patients who suffer delirium after surgery have an increased risk of persistent cognitive impairment, functional decline, and death. Postoperative delirium is also associated with an increased length of hospital stay and higher costs. With the goal of preventing delirium in postoperative patients, we organized a medical team from the Delirium Management and Assessment Center (D-mac) at Okayama University Hospital in January 2012. The team members consisted of physicians, pharmacists, nurses, and clinical psychologists. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with delirium to examine risk factors related to the patients’ background. Results Fifty-nine postoperative patients with lung or esophageal cancer were investigated; 25% exhibited delirium during hospitalization. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed significant associations between the presence of delirium and a past history of delirium (odds ratio, 4.22; 95% CI, 1.10-16.2; p = 0.09) and use of benzodiazepine receptor agonists (odds ratio, 3.97; 95% CI, 1.09-14.5; p = 0.03). Intervention by the D-mac significantly reduced the rate of delirium episodes in lung cancer patients (p =0.01). Notably, prior to intervention, the incidence of delirium was 100% when three high-risk factors for delirium were present. In contrast, the incidence of delirium in patients with three high-risk factors decreased following implementation of the D-mac intervention. Conclusions These findings suggest that active participation by various staff in the medical team managing delirium had a marked therapeutic impact.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kiminaka Murakawa
- Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama, 700-8558 Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Kitamura
- Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama, 700-8558 Japan ; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558 Japan
| | - Saori Watanabe
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558 Japan
| | - Shiho Hongo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558 Japan
| | - Kazuaki Shinomiya
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558 Japan
| | - Toshiaki Sendo
- Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama, 700-8558 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ivanets NN, Kinkulkina MA, Avdeeva TI, Tikhonova YG. Remote consequences of the long-term uncontrollable consumption of anxiolytics and hypnotics in elderly: a problem of drug dependence. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2015; 115:47-59. [DOI: 10.17116/jnevro20151157147-59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
11
|
Ivanets NN, Kinkulkina MA, Avdeeva TI, Sysoeva VP. [Remote consequences of the long-term uncontrolled use of anxiolytic and hypnotic drugs by elderly patients: cognitive disorders]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2015; 115:50-64. [PMID: 26978494 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro201511511250-64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Frequents cases (10-30% of the elderly population) of regular long-term use of anxiolytic and hypnotic drugs, in particular, benzodiazepines, without control of the physician is an urgent problem of medicine worldwide. Severe and irreversible cognitive impairment is a frequent and severe consequence of this use. Authors studied cognitive impairment in these cases. MATERIAL AND METHODS Patients were enrolled in the study from a psychiatric hospital. The study included 56 women, aged over 50 years, admitted to the hospital with the diagnosis of a mental disorder. Before admission, the patients regularly used benzodiazepines without a prescription for more than 2 months. Later on, anxiolytics were withdrawn during 1-5 days. The patients were studied during 4 weeks in the hospital. To assess the severity and dynamics of their condition, authors used MADRS, HAM-A, MMSE. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Severe cognitive impairment, achieving the level of dementia, was found in 57.2% of the patients, mild or moderate of cognitive impairment was in 32.1% and only 10.7% had normal level of cognitive functioning. After 4 weeks of benzodiazepine withdrawal, the percentage of patients with dementia reduced to 21.4%, the severity of cognitive impairment was estimated as mild or moderate. A number of patients without cognitive impairment increased to 37.5%. The old age of patients was a significant negative predictor of the dynamics. An impact of the high anxiolytic dose was shown on trend level. The duration of a mental disorder and duration of uncontrollable consumption of anxiolytics and hypnotics did not exert an effect on the development and reversibility of cognitive impairment. A combination of anxiolytics with alcohol increased the risk of dementia and did not reverse the cognitive pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N N Ivanets
- Kafedra psihiatrii i narkologii GBOU VPO 'Pervyj Moskovskij gosudarstvennyj meditsinskij universitet im. I.M. Sechenova' Minzdrava RF, Moskva, Nauchno-issledovatel'skij otdel 'Psihicheskogo zdorov'ja' Nauchno-issledovatel'skogo tsentra GBOU VPO 'Pervyj Moskovskij gosudarstvennyj meditsinskij universitet im. I.M. Sechenova' Minzdrava RF, Moskva
| | - M A Kinkulkina
- Kafedra psihiatrii i narkologii GBOU VPO 'Pervyj Moskovskij gosudarstvennyj meditsinskij universitet im. I.M. Sechenova' Minzdrava RF, Moskva, Nauchno-issledovatel'skij otdel 'Psihicheskogo zdorov'ja' Nauchno-issledovatel'skogo tsentra GBOU VPO 'Pervyj Moskovskij gosudarstvennyj meditsinskij universitet im. I.M. Sechenova' Minzdrava RF, Moskva
| | - T I Avdeeva
- Kafedra psihiatrii i narkologii GBOU VPO 'Pervyj Moskovskij gosudarstvennyj meditsinskij universitet im. I.M. Sechenova' Minzdrava RF, Moskva, Nauchno-issledovatel'skij otdel 'Psihicheskogo zdorov'ja' Nauchno-issledovatel'skogo tsentra GBOU VPO 'Pervyj Moskovskij gosudarstvennyj meditsinskij universitet im. I.M. Sechenova' Minzdrava RF, Moskva
| | - V P Sysoeva
- Kafedra psihiatrii i narkologii GBOU VPO 'Pervyj Moskovskij gosudarstvennyj meditsinskij universitet im. I.M. Sechenova' Minzdrava RF, Moskva, Nauchno-issledovatel'skij otdel 'Psihicheskogo zdorov'ja' Nauchno-issledovatel'skogo tsentra GBOU VPO 'Pervyj Moskovskij gosudarstvennyj meditsinskij universitet im. I.M. Sechenova' Minzdrava RF, Moskva
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
García-Baztán A, Roqueta C, Martínez-Fernández MI, Colprim D, Puertas P, Miralles R. [Benzodiazepine prescription in the elderly in different health care levels: characteristics and related factors]. Rev Esp Geriatr Gerontol 2013; 49:24-8. [PMID: 24112878 DOI: 10.1016/j.regg.2013.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2012] [Revised: 04/05/2013] [Accepted: 04/12/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the prevalence of benzodiazepine (BZD) prescription and the factors related to prescribing them in the elderly in the community, in an acute general hospital (AH) and in a convalescence geriatric unit (CGU). MATERIAL AND METHODS Retrospective study of 334 CGU inpatients discharged from an AH. A comprehensive geriatric assessment included functional and cognitive evaluation before hospitalization, at admission and at discharge from CGU (Barthel index, Lawton index and Folstein Mini-Mental State Examination), as well as comorbidity (Charlson index), polypharmacy and social situation. The percentage of benzodiazepine prescriptions at the different healthcare levels was compared and their related factors were evaluated (Chi-squared test). RESULTS The prevalence of benzodiazepine prescriptions in the community was 23.6%, and being female and polypharmacy were related factors to prescribing at this level. During AH admission, this proportion increased up to 38.6%, and after CGU admission decreased to 21.,9%. Factors related to prescription in AH were, being female, polypharmacy and osteoarticular-fracture related diagnosis, and in CGU, being female and polypharmacy. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of benzodiazepine prescribing was high among elderly people at every healthcare level (community, AH and CGU), and polypharmacy was one of the significant factors associated with prescribing. This prescribing was increased during AH admission due to a medical or surgical process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agurne García-Baztán
- Unidad de Convalecencia, Servicio de Geriatría del Parc de Salut Mar, Centre Fórum, Hospital de la Esperanza, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, España.
| | - Cristina Roqueta
- Unidad de Convalecencia, Servicio de Geriatría del Parc de Salut Mar, Centre Fórum, Hospital de la Esperanza, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, España; Departamento de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, España
| | - M Isabel Martínez-Fernández
- Unidad de Convalecencia, Servicio de Geriatría del Parc de Salut Mar, Centre Fórum, Hospital de la Esperanza, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, España
| | - Daniel Colprim
- Unidad de Convalecencia, Servicio de Geriatría del Parc de Salut Mar, Centre Fórum, Hospital de la Esperanza, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, España
| | - Pedro Puertas
- Unidad de Convalecencia, Servicio de Geriatría del Parc de Salut Mar, Centre Fórum, Hospital de la Esperanza, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, España
| | - Ramón Miralles
- Unidad de Convalecencia, Servicio de Geriatría del Parc de Salut Mar, Centre Fórum, Hospital de la Esperanza, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, España; Departamento de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, España
| |
Collapse
|