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Piao J, Su Z, He J, Zhu T, Fan F, Wang X, Yang Z, Zhan H, Luo D. SphK1 deficiency ameliorates the development of atherosclerosis by inhibiting the S1P/S1PR3/Rhoa/ROCK pathway. Cell Signal 2024; 121:111252. [PMID: 38852936 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS S1P is an important factor regulating the function of the vascular endothelial barrier. SphK1 is an important limiting enzyme for the synthesis of S1P. However, the role of the SphK1/S1P-mediated vascular endothelial barrier function in atherosclerosis has not been fully revealed. This study explored the roles and mechanisms of SphK1 on atherosclerosis in vivo and in vitro. METHODS In vivo, ApoE-/- and SphK1-/-ApoE-/- mice were fed a high-fat diet to induce atherosclerosis. In vitro, ox-LDL induced HUVECs to establish a cell model. Aortic histological changes were measured by H&E staining, Oil Red O staining, EVG staining, Sirius scarlet staining, immunofluorescence, and Evans Blue Assay. Western blotting was performed to explore the specific mechanism. RESULTS We validated that deficiency of SphK1 resulted in a marked amelioration of atherosclerosis, as indicated by the decreased lipid accumulation, inflammatory factors, oxidative stress, aortic plaque area, inflammatory factor infiltration, VCAM-1 expression, and vascular endothelial permeability. Moreover, deficiency of SphK1 downregulated the expression of aortic S1PR3, Rhoa, ROCK, and F-actin. The results of administration with the SphK1 inhibitor PF-543 and the S1PR3 inhibitor VPC23019 in vitro further confirmed the conclusion that deficiency of SphK1 reduced S1P level and S1PR3 protein expression, inhibited Rhoa/ROCK signaling pathway, regulated protein expression of F-actin, improved vascular endothelial dysfunction and permeability, and exerted anti-atherosclerotic effects. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that deficiency of SphK1 relieved vascular endothelial barrier function in atherosclerosis mice via SphK1/S1P/S1PR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyu Piao
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhuoxuan Su
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jiqian He
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Tianxin Zhu
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Faxin Fan
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhenzhen Yang
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Huixia Zhan
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Duosheng Luo
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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2
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Teichert V, Große S, Multhaup A, Müller J, Gutierrez-Samudio RN, Morales-Prieto DM, Groten T. PETN-Induced Antioxidative Properties in Endothelial Cells as a Target for Secondary Prevention of Endothelial Dysfunction in Pregnancy. Front Physiol 2022; 13:882544. [PMID: 35707005 PMCID: PMC9189364 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.882544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The NO-donor Pentaerytrithyltetranitrate (PETN) has vasodilatative properties and direct protective effects on endothelial cells. We formerly demonstrated that PETN, given to pregnant women during the second and third trimester, influences endothelial dysfunction related pregnancy complications like preeclampsia (PE) and fetal growth restriction (FGR). PETN treatment showed to delay PE to late pregnancy and achieved a profound risk reduction for FGR and/or perinatal death of 40%. The aim of this study was to confirm the effect of PETN on endothelial cell dysfunction at molecular level in an experimental approach. To induce endothelial dysfunction HUVEC were treated with 10 U/l of thrombin in the presence or absence of PETN. qRT-PCR analysis showed that PETN induced the expression of heme-oxygenase-1 and superoxide dismutase two but not endothelial NO-synthase under basal conditions. The induction of antioxidant proteins did not change basal reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels as measured by MitoSOX™ staining. PETN treatment significantly delayed the thrombin-induced disruption of the endothelial monolayer, determined using the xCELLigence® and attenuated the disrupting effect of thrombin on tubular junctions as seen in a tube-forming assay on Matrigel™. In western-blot-analysis we could show that PETN significantly reduced thrombin-induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation which correlates with reduction of thrombin-induced ROS. These experimental results establish the concept of how PETN treatment could stabilize endothelial resistance and angiogenic properties in pregnancy-induced stress. Thus, our results underscore the assumption, that the shown clinical effects of PETN are associated to its endothelial cell protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Teichert
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Silke Große
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Anna Multhaup
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Jasmin Müller
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | | | | | - Tanja Groten
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
- *Correspondence: Tanja Groten,
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Kifle ZD, Tadele M, Alemu E, Gedamu T, Ayele AG. A recent development of new therapeutic agents and novel drug targets for cancer treatment. SAGE Open Med 2021; 9:20503121211067083. [PMID: 34992782 PMCID: PMC8725032 DOI: 10.1177/20503121211067083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite recent advances in cancer diagnosis, prevention, detection, as well as management, the disease is expected to be the top cause of death globally. The chemotherapy approach for cancer has become more advanced in its design, yet no medication can cure enough against all types of cancer and its stage. Thus, this review aimed to summarize a recent development of new therapeutic agents and novel drug targets for the treatment of cancer. Several obstacles stand in the way of effective cancer treatment and drug development, including inaccessibility of tumor site by appropriate drug concentration, debilitating untoward effects caused by non-selective tissue distribution of chemotherapeutic agents, and occurrence of drug resistance, which leads to cross-resistance to a variety of drugs. Resistance to treatment with anticancer drugs results from multiple factors and the most common reason for acquiring drug resistance is marking and expelling drugs that prevent cancer cells to be targeted by chemotherapeutic agents. Moreover, insensitivity to drug-induced apoptosis, alteration, and mutation of drug target and interference/change of DNA replication are other main causes of treatment failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zemene Demelash Kifle
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Meklit Tadele
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Eyerusalem Alemu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Tadele Gedamu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Akeberegn Gorems Ayele
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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4
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Shavit-Stein E, Sheinberg E, Golderman V, Sharabi S, Wohl A, Gofrit SG, Zivli Z, Shelestovich N, Last D, Guez D, Daniels D, Gera O, Feingold K, Itsekson-Hayosh Z, Rosenberg N, Tamarin I, Dori A, Maggio N, Mardor Y, Chapman J, Harnof S. A Novel Compound Targeting Protease Receptor 1 Activators for the Treatment of Glioblastoma. Front Neurol 2018; 9:1087. [PMID: 30619047 PMCID: PMC6304418 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.01087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Data from human biopsies, in-vitro and in-vivo models, strongly supports the role of thrombin, and its protease-activated receptor (PAR1) in the pathology and progression of glioblastoma (GBM), a high-grade glial tumor. Activation of PAR1 by thrombin stimulates vasogenic edema, tumor adhesion and tumor growth. We here present a novel six amino acid chloromethyl-ketone compound (SIXAC) which specifically inhibits PAR1 proteolytic activation and counteracts the over-activation of PAR1 by tumor generated thrombin. SIXAC effects were demonstrated in-vitro utilizing 3 cell-lines, including the highly malignant CNS-1 cell-line which was also used as a model for GBM in-vivo. The in-vitro effects of SIXAC on proliferation rate, invasion and thrombin activity were measured by XTT, wound healing, colony formation and fluorescent assays, respectively. The effect of SIXAC on GBM in-vivo was assessed by measuring tumor and edema size as quantified by MRI imaging, by survival follow-up and brain histopathology. SIXAC was found in-vitro to inhibit thrombin-activity generated by CNS-1 cells (IC50 = 5 × 10-11M) and significantly decrease proliferation rate (p < 0.03) invasion (p = 0.02) and colony formation (p = 0.03) of these cells. In the CNS-1 GBM rat animal model SIXAC was found to reduce edema volume ratio (8.8 ± 1.9 vs. 4.9 ± 1, p < 0.04) and increase median survival (16 vs. 18.5 days, p < 0.02 by Log rank Mental-Cox test). These results strengthen the important role of thrombin/PAR1 pathway in glioblastoma progression and suggest SIXAC as a novel therapeutic tool for this fatal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efrat Shavit-Stein
- Department of Neurology and Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Ehud Sheinberg
- Department of Neurology and Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Valery Golderman
- Department of Neurology and Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Shirley Sharabi
- The Advanced Technology Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Anton Wohl
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Shany Guly Gofrit
- Department of Neurology and Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Zion Zivli
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | | | - David Last
- The Advanced Technology Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - David Guez
- The Advanced Technology Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Dianne Daniels
- The Advanced Technology Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Orna Gera
- Department of Neurology and Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Kate Feingold
- Department of Neurology and Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Zeev Itsekson-Hayosh
- Department of Neurology and Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Nurit Rosenberg
- Institute of Thrombosis and Heamostasis, Coagulation Laboratory, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Ilia Tamarin
- Institute of Thrombosis and Heamostasis, Coagulation Laboratory, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Amir Dori
- Department of Neurology and Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Nicola Maggio
- Department of Neurology and Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Yael Mardor
- The Advanced Technology Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Joab Chapman
- Department of Neurology and Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Robert and Martha Harden Chair in Mental and Neurological Diseases, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Sagi Harnof
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Gan, Israel
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Dimitrova E, Caromile LA, Laubenbacher R, Shapiro LH. The innate immune response to ischemic injury: a multiscale modeling perspective. BMC SYSTEMS BIOLOGY 2018; 12:50. [PMID: 29631571 PMCID: PMC5891907 DOI: 10.1186/s12918-018-0580-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Cell death as a result of ischemic injury triggers powerful mechanisms regulated by germline-encoded Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) with shared specificity that recognize invading pathogens and endogenous ligands released from dying cells, and as such are essential to human health. Alternatively, dysregulation of these mechanisms contributes to extreme inflammation, deleterious tissue damage and impaired healing in various diseases. The Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a prototypical family of PRRs that may be powerful anti-inflammatory targets if agents can be designed that antagonize their harmful effects while preserving host defense functions. This requires an understanding of the complex interactions and consequences of targeting the TLR-mediated pathways as well as technologies to analyze and interpret these, which will then allow the simulation of perturbations targeting specific pathway components, predict potential outcomes and identify safe and effective therapeutic targets. Results We constructed a multiscale mathematical model that spans the tissue and intracellular scales, and captures the consequences of targeting various regulatory components of injury-induced TLR4 signal transduction on potential pro-inflammatory or pro-healing outcomes. We applied known interactions to simulate how inactivation of specific regulatory nodes affects dynamics in the context of injury and to predict phenotypes of potential therapeutic interventions. We propose rules to link model behavior to qualitative estimates of pro-inflammatory signal activation, macrophage infiltration, production of reactive oxygen species and resolution. We tested the validity of the model by assessing its ability to reproduce published data not used in its construction. Conclusions These studies will enable us to form a conceptual framework focusing on TLR4-mediated ischemic repair to assess potential molecular targets that can be utilized therapeutically to improve efficacy and safety in treating ischemic/inflammatory injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Dimitrova
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Leslie A Caromile
- Center for Vascular Biology, Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, 06030, CT, USA
| | - Reinhard Laubenbacher
- Center for Quantitative Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA. .,Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA.
| | - Linda H Shapiro
- Center for Vascular Biology, Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, 06030, CT, USA.
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6
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Yang Q, Fujii W, Kaji N, Kakuta S, Kada K, Kuwahara M, Tsubone H, Ozaki H, Hori M. The essential role of phospho‐T38 CPI‐17 in the maintenance of physiological blood pressure using genetically modified mice. FASEB J 2018; 32:2095-2109. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201700794r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qunhui Yang
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Laboratory of Applied Genetics, Department of Biomedical Science, Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, and Research Center for Food SafetyGraduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Wataru Fujii
- Laboratory of Applied Genetics, Department of Biomedical Science, Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, and Research Center for Food SafetyGraduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Noriyuki Kaji
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Laboratory of Applied Genetics, Department of Biomedical Science, Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, and Research Center for Food SafetyGraduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Shigeru Kakuta
- Department of Biomedical Science, Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, and Research Center for Food SafetyGraduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Kodai Kada
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Laboratory of Applied Genetics, Department of Biomedical Science, Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, and Research Center for Food SafetyGraduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Masayoshi Kuwahara
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, and Research Center for Food SafetyGraduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Hirokazu Tsubone
- Research Center for Food SafetyGraduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Hiroshi Ozaki
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Laboratory of Applied Genetics, Department of Biomedical Science, Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, and Research Center for Food SafetyGraduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Masatoshi Hori
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Laboratory of Applied Genetics, Department of Biomedical Science, Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, and Research Center for Food SafetyGraduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of TokyoTokyoJapan
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7
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Behl T, Velpandian T, Kotwani A. Role of altered coagulation-fibrinolytic system in the pathophysiology of diabetic retinopathy. Vascul Pharmacol 2017; 92:1-5. [PMID: 28366840 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2017.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The implications of altered coagulation-fibrinolytic system in the pathophysiology of several vascular disorders, such as stroke and myocardial infarction, have been well researched upon and established. However, its role in the progression of diabetic retinopathy has not been explored much. Since a decade, it is known that hyperglycemia is associated with a hypercoagulated state and the various impairments it causes are well acknowledged as independent risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases. But recent studies suggest that the hypercoagulative state and diminished fibrinolytic responses might also alter retinal homeostasis and induce several deleterious molecular changes in retinal cells which aggravate the already existing hyperglycemia-induced pathological conditions and thereby lead to the progression of diabetic retinopathy. The major mediators of coagulation-fibrinolytic system whose concentration or activity get altered during hyperglycemia include fibrinogen, antithrombin-III (AT-III), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and von Willebrand factor (vWF). Inhibiting the pathways by which these altered mediators get involved in the pathophysiology of diabetic retinopathy can serve as potential targets for the development of an adjuvant novel alternative therapy for diabetic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapan Behl
- Department of Pharmacology, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, Delhi, India.
| | - Thirumurthy Velpandian
- Department of Ocular Pharmacology, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Science, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - Anita Kotwani
- Department of Pharmacology, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
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8
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McGarrity S, Halldórsson H, Palsson S, Johansson PI, Rolfsson Ó. Understanding the Causes and Implications of Endothelial Metabolic Variation in Cardiovascular Disease through Genome-Scale Metabolic Modeling. Front Cardiovasc Med 2016; 3:10. [PMID: 27148541 PMCID: PMC4834436 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2016.00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
High-throughput biochemical profiling has led to a requirement for advanced data interpretation techniques capable of integrating the analysis of gene, protein, and metabolic profiles to shed light on genotype-phenotype relationships. Herein, we consider the current state of knowledge of endothelial cell (EC) metabolism and its connections to cardiovascular disease (CVD) and explore the use of genome-scale metabolic models (GEMs) for integrating metabolic and genomic data. GEMs combine gene expression and metabolic data acting as frameworks for their analysis and, ultimately, afford mechanistic understanding of how genetic variation impacts metabolism. We demonstrate how GEMs can be used to investigate CVD-related genetic variation, drug resistance mechanisms, and novel metabolic pathways in ECs. The application of GEMs in personalized medicine is also highlighted. Particularly, we focus on the potential of GEMs to identify metabolic biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction and to discover methods of stratifying treatments for CVDs based on individual genetic markers. Recent advances in systems biology methodology, and how these methodologies can be applied to understand EC metabolism in both health and disease, are thus highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah McGarrity
- Center for Systems Biology, University of Iceland , Reykjavik , Iceland
| | - Haraldur Halldórsson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland , Reykjavik , Iceland
| | - Sirus Palsson
- Center for Systems Biology, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland; Sinopia Biosciences Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Pär I Johansson
- Section for Transfusion Medicine, Capital Region Blood Bank, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Óttar Rolfsson
- Center for Systems Biology, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
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9
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Hong JH, Kang JW, Kim DK, Baik SH, Kim KH, Shanta SR, Jung JH, Mook-Jung I, Kim KP. Global changes of phospholipids identified by MALDI imaging mass spectrometry in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. J Lipid Res 2015; 57:36-45. [PMID: 26538545 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m057869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia; however, at the present time there is no disease-modifying drug for AD. There is increasing evidence supporting the role of lipid changes in the process of normal cognitive aging and in the etiology of age-related neurodegenerative diseases. AD is characterized by the presence of intraneuronal protein clusters and extracellular aggregates of β-amyloid (Aβ). Disrupted Aβ kinetics may activate intracellular signaling pathways, including tau hyperphosphorylation and proinflammatory pathways. We analyzed and visualized the lipid profiles of mouse brains using MALDI-TOF MS. Direct tissue analysis by MALDI-TOF imaging MS (IMS) can determine the relative abundance and spatial distribution of specific lipids in different tissues. We used 5XFAD mice that almost exclusively generate and rapidly accumulate massive cerebral levels of Aβ-42 (1). Our data showed changes in lipid distribution in the mouse frontal cortex, hippocampus, and subiculum, where Aβ plaques are first generated in AD. Our results suggest that MALDI-IMS is a powerful tool for analyzing the distribution of various phospholipids and that this application might provide novel insight into the prediction of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hye Hong
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Natural Sciences, College of Applied Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Won Kang
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Natural Sciences, College of Applied Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Kyu Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Hoon Baik
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Ho Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Selina Rahman Shanta
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Natural Sciences, College of Applied Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hun Jung
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Natural Sciences, College of Applied Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Inhee Mook-Jung
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kwang Pyo Kim
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Natural Sciences, College of Applied Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
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10
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Itsekson-Hayosh Z, Shavit-Stein E, Last D, Goez D, Daniels D, Bushi D, Gera O, Zibly Z, Mardor Y, Chapman J, Harnof S. Thrombin Activity and Thrombin Receptor in Rat Glioblastoma Model: Possible Markers and Targets for Intervention? J Mol Neurosci 2015; 56:644-51. [PMID: 25691153 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-015-0512-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
High-grade gliomas constitute a group of aggressive CNS cancers that have high morbidity and mortality rates. Despite extensive research, current therapeutic approaches enable survival beyond 2 years in rare cases only. Thrombin and its main CNS target, protease-activated receptor-1, have been implicated in tumor progression and brain edema. Our aim was to study protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR-1) protein expression and thrombin-like activity levels in both in vitro and in vivo models of glioblastoma and correlate them with the volume of the surrounding edema. We measured the presence of PAR-1 protein using fluorescence immunohistochemistry and assessed thrombin activity in various glial and non-glial cell lines and in a CNS-1 glioma rat model using a thrombin-specific fluorescent assay. Thrombin activity was found to be highly elevated in various high-grade glioma cell lines as well as in non-glial malignant cell lines. In the CNS-1 glioma model, the level of PAR-1 fluorescence in the tumor was significantly elevated compared to adjacent regions of reactive gliosis or distant brain areas. The elevated level of thrombin activity observed in the high-grade glioma positively correlated with tumor-induced brain edema. In conclusion, thrombin is secreted from glioma cells and PAR-1 may be a new biological marker for high-grade gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze'ev Itsekson-Hayosh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel,
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11
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Lu J, Hübner K, Nanjee MN, Brinton EA, Mazer NA. An in-silico model of lipoprotein metabolism and kinetics for the evaluation of targets and biomarkers in the reverse cholesterol transport pathway. PLoS Comput Biol 2014; 10:e1003509. [PMID: 24625468 PMCID: PMC3952822 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1003509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is believed to play an important role in lowering cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk by mediating the process of reverse cholesterol transport (RCT). Via RCT, excess cholesterol from peripheral tissues is carried back to the liver and hence should lead to the reduction of atherosclerotic plaques. The recent failures of HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) raising therapies have initiated a re-examination of the link between CVD risk and the rate of RCT, and have brought into question whether all target modulations that raise HDL-C would be atheroprotective. To help address these issues, a novel in-silico model has been built to incorporate modern concepts of HDL biology, including: the geometric structure of HDL linking the core radius with the number of ApoA-I molecules on it, and the regeneration of lipid-poor ApoA-I from spherical HDL due to remodeling processes. The ODE model has been calibrated using data from the literature and validated by simulating additional experiments not used in the calibration. Using a virtual population, we show that the model provides possible explanations for a number of well-known relationships in cholesterol metabolism, including the epidemiological relationship between HDL-C and CVD risk and the correlations between some HDL-related lipoprotein markers. In particular, the model has been used to explore two HDL-C raising target modulations, Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein (CETP) inhibition and ATP-binding cassette transporter member 1 (ABCA1) up-regulation. It predicts that while CETP inhibition would not result in an increased RCT rate, ABCA1 up-regulation should increase both HDL-C and RCT rate. Furthermore, the model predicts the two target modulations result in distinct changes in the lipoprotein measures. Finally, the model also allows for an evaluation of two candidate biomarkers for in-vivo whole-body ABCA1 activity: the absolute concentration and the % lipid-poor ApoA-I. These findings illustrate the potential utility of the model in drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Lu
- F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, pRED, Pharma Research & Early Development, Clinical Pharmacology, Basel, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
| | - Katrin Hübner
- BioQuant, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M. Nazeem Nanjee
- Division of Cardiovascular Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Eliot A. Brinton
- Utah Foundation for Biomedical Research, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Norman A. Mazer
- F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, pRED, Pharma Research & Early Development, Clinical Pharmacology, Basel, Switzerland
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12
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Chen W, Oberwinkler H, Werner F, Gaßner B, Nakagawa H, Feil R, Hofmann F, Schlossmann J, Dietrich A, Gudermann T, Nishida M, Del Galdo S, Wieland T, Kuhn M. Atrial Natriuretic Peptide–Mediated Inhibition of Microcirculatory Endothelial Ca
2+
and Permeability Response to Histamine Involves cGMP-Dependent Protein Kinase I and TRPC6 Channels. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2013; 33:2121-9. [DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.113.001974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Chen
- From the Institute of Physiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (W.C., H.O., F.W., B.G., H.N., M.K.); Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (R.F.); FOR 923, Technical University München, Garching, Germany (F.H.); Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (J.S.); Walther-Straub-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University München, Munich, Germany (A.D., T.G.); Department
| | - Heike Oberwinkler
- From the Institute of Physiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (W.C., H.O., F.W., B.G., H.N., M.K.); Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (R.F.); FOR 923, Technical University München, Garching, Germany (F.H.); Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (J.S.); Walther-Straub-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University München, Munich, Germany (A.D., T.G.); Department
| | - Franziska Werner
- From the Institute of Physiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (W.C., H.O., F.W., B.G., H.N., M.K.); Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (R.F.); FOR 923, Technical University München, Garching, Germany (F.H.); Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (J.S.); Walther-Straub-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University München, Munich, Germany (A.D., T.G.); Department
| | - Birgit Gaßner
- From the Institute of Physiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (W.C., H.O., F.W., B.G., H.N., M.K.); Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (R.F.); FOR 923, Technical University München, Garching, Germany (F.H.); Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (J.S.); Walther-Straub-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University München, Munich, Germany (A.D., T.G.); Department
| | - Hitoshi Nakagawa
- From the Institute of Physiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (W.C., H.O., F.W., B.G., H.N., M.K.); Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (R.F.); FOR 923, Technical University München, Garching, Germany (F.H.); Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (J.S.); Walther-Straub-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University München, Munich, Germany (A.D., T.G.); Department
| | - Robert Feil
- From the Institute of Physiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (W.C., H.O., F.W., B.G., H.N., M.K.); Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (R.F.); FOR 923, Technical University München, Garching, Germany (F.H.); Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (J.S.); Walther-Straub-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University München, Munich, Germany (A.D., T.G.); Department
| | - Franz Hofmann
- From the Institute of Physiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (W.C., H.O., F.W., B.G., H.N., M.K.); Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (R.F.); FOR 923, Technical University München, Garching, Germany (F.H.); Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (J.S.); Walther-Straub-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University München, Munich, Germany (A.D., T.G.); Department
| | - Jens Schlossmann
- From the Institute of Physiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (W.C., H.O., F.W., B.G., H.N., M.K.); Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (R.F.); FOR 923, Technical University München, Garching, Germany (F.H.); Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (J.S.); Walther-Straub-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University München, Munich, Germany (A.D., T.G.); Department
| | - Alexander Dietrich
- From the Institute of Physiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (W.C., H.O., F.W., B.G., H.N., M.K.); Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (R.F.); FOR 923, Technical University München, Garching, Germany (F.H.); Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (J.S.); Walther-Straub-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University München, Munich, Germany (A.D., T.G.); Department
| | - Thomas Gudermann
- From the Institute of Physiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (W.C., H.O., F.W., B.G., H.N., M.K.); Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (R.F.); FOR 923, Technical University München, Garching, Germany (F.H.); Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (J.S.); Walther-Straub-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University München, Munich, Germany (A.D., T.G.); Department
| | - Motohiro Nishida
- From the Institute of Physiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (W.C., H.O., F.W., B.G., H.N., M.K.); Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (R.F.); FOR 923, Technical University München, Garching, Germany (F.H.); Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (J.S.); Walther-Straub-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University München, Munich, Germany (A.D., T.G.); Department
| | - Sabrina Del Galdo
- From the Institute of Physiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (W.C., H.O., F.W., B.G., H.N., M.K.); Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (R.F.); FOR 923, Technical University München, Garching, Germany (F.H.); Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (J.S.); Walther-Straub-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University München, Munich, Germany (A.D., T.G.); Department
| | - Thomas Wieland
- From the Institute of Physiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (W.C., H.O., F.W., B.G., H.N., M.K.); Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (R.F.); FOR 923, Technical University München, Garching, Germany (F.H.); Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (J.S.); Walther-Straub-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University München, Munich, Germany (A.D., T.G.); Department
| | - Michaela Kuhn
- From the Institute of Physiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (W.C., H.O., F.W., B.G., H.N., M.K.); Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany (R.F.); FOR 923, Technical University München, Garching, Germany (F.H.); Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany (J.S.); Walther-Straub-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University München, Munich, Germany (A.D., T.G.); Department
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Simoneau B, Houle F, Huot J. Regulation of endothelial permeability and transendothelial migration of cancer cells by tropomyosin-1 phosphorylation. Vasc Cell 2012; 4:18. [PMID: 23157718 PMCID: PMC3552968 DOI: 10.1186/2045-824x-4-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2012] [Accepted: 11/11/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED BACKGROUND Loss of endothelial cell integrity and selective permeability barrier is an early event in the sequence of oxidant-mediated injury and may result in atherosclerosis, hypertension and facilitation of transendothelial migration of cancer cells during metastasis. We already reported that endothelial cell integrity is tightly regulated by the balanced co-activation of p38 and ERK pathways. In particular, we showed that phosphorylation of tropomyosin-1 (tropomyosin alpha-1 chain = Tm1) at Ser283 by DAP kinase, downstream of the ERK pathway might be a key event required to maintain the integrity and normal functions of the endothelium in response to oxidative stress. METHODS Endothelial permeability was assayed by monitoring the passage of Dextran-FITC through a tight monolayer of HUVECs grown to confluence in Boyden chambers. Actin and Tm1 dynamics and distribution were evaluated by immunofluorescence. We modulated the expression of Tm1 by siRNA and lentiviral-mediated expression of wild type and mutated forms of Tm1 insensitive to the siRNA. Transendothelial migration of HT-29 colon cancer cells was monitored in Boyden chambers similarly as for permeability. RESULTS We provide evidence indicating that Tm1 phosphorylation at Ser283 is essential to regulate endothelial permeability under oxidative stress by modulating actin dynamics. Moreover, the transendothelial migration of colon cancer cells is also regulated by the phosphorylation of Tm1 at Ser283. CONCLUSION Our finding strongly support the role for the phosphorylation of endothelial Tm1 at Ser283 to prevent endothelial barrier dysfunction associated with oxidative stress injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan Simoneau
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, l'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec et Le Centre de recherche en cancérologie de l'Université Laval, 9 rue McMahon, Québec, G1R 2J6, Canada.
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Gokhale S, Hariharan M, Brahmachari SK, Gadgil C. A simple method for incorporating dynamic effects of intronic miRNA mediated regulation. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2012; 8:2145-52. [PMID: 22699750 DOI: 10.1039/c2mb25046b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The importance of microRNA (miRNA) in modulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional level is well known. Such regulation has been shown to influence the dynamics of several regulatory networks including the cell cycle. In this study we incorporated regulatory effects of intronic miRNA into an existing mathematical model of the cell cycle through the use of an existing 'proxy' protein--the host protein. It was observed that the incorporation of intronic miRNA mediated regulation improved the performance of the model resulting in a closer match to experimental results. To test the universality of this approach we compared the effects of intronic miRNA mediated regulation and host protein mediated regulation. Further, we compared miRNA mediated and protein mediated positive and negative feedback regulations of the target protein. We found that the target protein profiles were predominantly similar. These observations show the applicability of our method for incorporating intronic miRNA mediated dynamic effects in models for regulation of gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sucheta Gokhale
- Chemical Engineering and Process Development Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, India
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