Mantle cell lymphoma of the larynx: Primary case report

A Rare Case of Laryngeal Mantle Cell Lymphoma

This case report describes an 80-year-old woman presenting to her primary care practitioner after several months of a persistent globus sensation and throat fullness.

Laryngotracheal Stenosis Secondary to Mantle Cell Lymphoma

Acute laryngeal dyspnea is a life-threatening emergency often attributed to laryngeal tumors or inflammatory edema in adults. Primary laryngeal lymphomas are especially infrequent. As an aggressive subtype of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) cases are particularly complex.  Herein, we present a case of laryngotracheal stenosis secondary to primary MCL. A comprehensive assessment, including in-office flexible laryngoscopy, revealed distinct findings within the supraglottis and subglottis. In the supraglottis, a submucosal lesion with well-defined, rounded edges was observed, while the subglottis exhibited a friable tumor occupying approximately 90% of the airway. This necessitated immediate intervention, leading to microlaryngoscopy, biopsy, and open tracheostomy. Due to the rarity of primary laryngeal lymphomas, they present a significant diagnostic challenge. Timely diagnosis is crucial to enable tailored therapeutic strategies and improved patient outcomes. This case highlights the importance of considering lymphomatous etiologies in the management of laryngotracheal stenosis and emphasizes the need for a multidisciplinary approach to optimize patient care.

Laryngeal Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase-Positive B-cell Lymphoma: Case Report and Review

Larynx is an uncommon extranodal site for non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive B-cell lymphoma is a rare and aggressive form of NHL. A 19-year-old male presented to the ENT department with globus sensation, hoarseness, cervical lymphadenopathy and weight loss. A 70-degree rigid endoscopic examination of the larynx showed a vascular, irregular, submucosal mass arising from the right aryepiglottic fold causing near complete obstruction of the laryngeal airway. PET-CT showed hypermetabolic lesions in the supraglottis, cervical lymph nodes, cervical spine, ribs and abdominal lymph nodes. Biopsy was taken from the supraglottic mass as well as the enlarged cervical lymph nodes, which revealed ALK-positive large B-cell NHL. In this report, we present a rare case of ALK-positive large B-cell NHL of the larynx, discussing its clinical, radiological and pathological features. A limited review of literature is also presented. There is a need to develop a database for the description of lymphomas affecting the larynx and this case report adds to the existing knowledge of this rare entity.

Primary laryngeal T-cell lymphoma: A case report and review of the literature

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Primary lymphoma of the larynx is extremely rare, representing less than 1% of all primary laryngeal neoplasms which consists mainly of non-Hodgkin lymphomas.

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Diagnosis requires immunohistopathological examination of the laryngeal mass.

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The clinicopathological characteristics and rational treatment of primary laryngeal lymphoma are still unclear and need to be further defined due to the paucity of this pathology.

Introduction

Primary lymphoma of the larynx is extremely rare, representing less than 1% of all primary laryngeal neoplasms. It consists mainly of non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs), represented particularly by diffuse large B-cell. Extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma, presented in larynx is a rare condition that accounts for less than 11% of all lymphomas without distinctive clinicopathologic features, as well as challenging pathologic diagnosis.

Case report

We report here a case of a 64-years-old man who presented with primary lymphoma type T of the subglottic larynx. A histopathological examination of the biopsy confirmed non-Hodgkin T cell lymphoma. Given his age, he underwent chemotherapy and radiation therapy. The patient was disease-free after 18 months follow up.

Conclusion

The clinicopathological characteristics and rational treatment of primary laryngeal lymphoma are still unclear and need to be further defined due to the paucity of this pathology.

Acute Laryngeal Dyspnea as the First Presentation of Mantle Cell Lymphoma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Introduction

Acute laryngeal dyspnea is a life-threatening emergency, and the causes in adults are most often laryngeal tumors or inflammatory edema. Lymphoma of the larynx and especially the mantle cell type is extremely rare. Case Presentation. We report a case of a 43-year-old woman with no particular pathological history. She presented with progressive dyspnea which has evolved towards an inspiratory bradypnea that worsened until she ultimately required an emergency tracheotomy. Biopsies revealed mantle cell lymphoma. The patient has been staged IVB MIPI 6, and she was treated by immunochemotherapy followed by ASCT. The therapeutic evaluation shows a complete remission, 18 months after, and the patient was always disease free.

Conclusion

The laryngeal localization of the mantle cell lymphoma is extremely rare; it may present catastrophically with acute airway obstruction. The diagnosis is mostly histological, hence the interest of deep biopsy. Given its rarity, the therapeutic strategy must be discussed case by case in a multidisciplinary consultation meeting.