Non small-cell lung cancer with metastasis to thigh muscle and mandible: two case reports

Jaw bone metastasis from Lung cancer as sole primary source: A systematic review

Background

Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Lung cancer metastasis to oral region is very rare. Very few research work has been conducted till date to analyse the jaw bone metastasis from Lung cancer as the primary source. The goal of this research was to examine published cases of jaw bone metastasis from lung cancer as the sole primary source from 1st December 1961 to 31st December 2021 and to learn about their characteristics.

Material and Methods

An electronic search of the published English literature was performed in PubMed/ Medline, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Research gate databases, using keywords like ‘Lung cancer’, OR/AND ‘Lung carcinoma’, OR/AND ‘Metastasis’, OR/AND ‘Primary’, OR/AND ‘Source’, OR/AND ‘Oral cavity’ OR/AND ‘Jaw’, OR/ AND ‘Mandible’, OR/AND ‘Maxilla’, OR/ AND ‘Temporomandibular joint’, OR/ AND ‘Condyle’, OR/ AND ‘Ramus’, OR/ AND ‘Maxillary sinus’, AND Initial’, OR/ AND ‘Treatment’, OR/AND ‘Prognosis’, OR/ AND ‘Follow-up’, OR/AND ‘Recurrence’, OR/ AND ‘Survival rate’. We also searched all related journals manually. Reference list of all articles was also checked. Data extracted were tabulated and summarized.

Results

In total, we found 60 relevant publications with 66 patients in our research. The prognosis was poor, with a survival time of 1 week to 1.5 years. The most prevalent diagnosed metastatic lung cancer to jaw bones was adenocarcinoma and mandible was the predominant site.

Conclusions

Jaw bone metastasis from lung cancer is rare and has a bad prognosis. Because of their resemblance to other jaw problems and late clinical signs, these lesions go unnoticed the majority of the time, making detection difficult. More cases need to be published in order to raise awareness of these lesions and gain a better understanding of their characteristics.

Key words:Jaw bone, lung cancer, metastasis, primary, prognosis.

Ureteral metastasis of non-small-cell lung cancer: a case report

Lung cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer-related death. Most of them already have distant metastasis at the time of diagnosis, but ureteral metastasis is extremely rare. Herein, we reported a lung cancer patient with a metastatic lesion from lung cancer at the distal end of the ureter. The patient is a 61-year-old male diagnosed with invasive adenocarcinoma after the right upper lobe resection and system lymph node dissection surgery. After 12 months of surgery, during routine physical examination, lower abdominal enhanced computed tomography showed there was a soft mass with uneven continuous enhancement at the distal end of the ureter. After the surgery of ureter, the mass was histologically considered to be a metastatic lesion arising from the primary lung cancer.

Metastasis to the Jawbones: A review of 453 cases

The purpose of the present article was to review the characteristics of the jawbone metastases to analyze all variables. A relevant English Literature search in PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar was performed. All variables such as age, gender, primary and secondary tumor sites were analyzed. There were 453 metastatic cases. The male-to-female ratio was 1.2:1, and the mean age of the patients was 53.4 years. The lung was the most common primary site in men, and breast in women. The most common metastatic site was the mandible, and adenocarcinoma was the most frequent histological diagnosis. Metastases to the jaw bones occur in the advanced stages of a malignancy hence; a careful examination of patients with jaw bone lesions is strongly suggested. Dentists, as well as general physicians, should take into consideration the possible presence of jaw metastases in cases which present atypical symptoms, especially in patients with known malignant disease.

Unusual Presentation of an Adenocarcinoma of the Lung Metastasizing to the Mandible, Including Molecular Analysis and a Review of the Literature

Lung cancer is the most frequent cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Metastases of non-small cell lung carcinoma to the oral and maxillofacial region are rare. Thus, the diagnosis of a metastatic lesion in the oral cavity is challenging to the clinician and to the pathologist. This report presents a case of a 72-year-old man with metastatic lung adenocarcinoma located in the posterior mandibular region. Next-generation sequencing analysis showed no important mutations in the relevant genes except in the TP53 tumor suppressor gene.

Non-small cell lung cancer metastasis to the oral cavity: a case report

Lung cancer, including non-small cell lung cancer, remains prevalent in Australia and has a very poor survival rate. Metastases to the oral cavity are a rare occurrence that can arise from lung cancers. This case report describes the presentation of a metastatic lesion from a poorly differentiated lung adenocarcinoma on the mandibular buccal alveolar attached gingivae. The inpatient had terminal disease with known pleural, brain and liver metastases and was receiving palliative care at the time of diagnosis of the oral lesion.

Detection of skeletal muscle metastases on initial staging of lung cancer: a retrospective case series

PURPOSE

Estimation of skeletal muscle metastases (SMMs) at the time of diagnosis and/or initial staging of lung cancer.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Retrospective evaluation of clinical charts and imaging data suggestive of SMMs of patients with histology-proved lung cancer over a 5-year period.

RESULTS

SMMs were identified in 46 out of 1,754 patients. Single and multiple (62.9% of cases) SMMs were detected by total body multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT). They were associated with poorly differentiated (43%) and advanced adenocarcinomas (52%) without clinically relevant symptoms and/or signs. Psoas and buttock muscles were most frequently involved (33.3%). MDCT findings consisted of well-defined homogeneously hyperdense oval masses (31%), lesions with ring-like enhancement and central hypoattenuation (68%), or large abscess-like necrotic lesions (24%). Sonography revealed well-defined hypoechoic masses (41.6%), ill-defined hypoechoic lesions (33.3%), or anechoic areas with a necrotic centre (25%). Positron emission tomography revealed that all SMMs were metabolically active.

CONCLUSIONS

SMMs are uncommon but not negligible in lung cancer, with an estimated prevalence of 2.62% in our series. Although histology remains the recommended method, use of high-performance imaging techniques and increased clinical suspicion may improve their early detection. Efforts addressing their effect on the natural history of lung cancer are needed.