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Sadoine M, De Michele R, Župunski M, Grossmann G, Castro-Rodríguez V. Monitoring nutrients in plants with genetically encoded sensors: achievements and perspectives. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 193:195-216. [PMID: 37307576 PMCID: PMC10469547 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Understanding mechanisms of nutrient allocation in organisms requires precise knowledge of the spatiotemporal dynamics of small molecules in vivo. Genetically encoded sensors are powerful tools for studying nutrient distribution and dynamics, as they enable minimally invasive monitoring of nutrient steady-state levels in situ. Numerous types of genetically encoded sensors for nutrients have been designed and applied in mammalian cells and fungi. However, to date, their application for visualizing changing nutrient levels in planta remains limited. Systematic sensor-based approaches could provide the quantitative, kinetic information on tissue-specific, cellular, and subcellular distributions and dynamics of nutrients in situ that is needed for the development of theoretical nutrient flux models that form the basis for future crop engineering. Here, we review various approaches that can be used to measure nutrients in planta with an overview over conventional techniques, as well as genetically encoded sensors currently available for nutrient monitoring, and discuss their strengths and limitations. We provide a list of currently available sensors and summarize approaches for their application at the level of cellular compartments and organelles. When used in combination with bioassays on intact organisms and precise, yet destructive analytical methods, the spatiotemporal resolution of sensors offers the prospect of a holistic understanding of nutrient flux in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayuri Sadoine
- Institute of Cell and Interaction Biology, Heinrich-Heine Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Roberto De Michele
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, National Research Council of Italy, Palermo 90129, Italy
| | - Milan Župunski
- Institute of Cell and Interaction Biology, Heinrich-Heine Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Guido Grossmann
- Institute of Cell and Interaction Biology, Heinrich-Heine Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, Heinrich-Heine Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Vanessa Castro-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga 29071, Spain
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Dorotkiewicz-Jach A, Markwitz P, Drulis-Kawa Z. The In Vitro Anti-Pseudomonal Activity of Cu 2+, Strawberry Furanone, Gentamicin, and Lytic Phages Alone and in Combination: Pros and Cons. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22189830. [PMID: 34575991 PMCID: PMC8469652 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the anti-pseudomonal activity of cupric ions (Cu2+), strawberry furanone (HDMF), gentamicin (GE), and three lytic Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteriophages (KT28, KTN4, LUZ19), separately and in combination. HDMF showed an anti-virulent effect but only when applied with Cu2+ or GE. GE, at a sub-minimal inhibitory concentration, slowed down phage progeny production due to protein synthesis inhibition. Cu2+ significantly reduced both the bacterial cell count and the number of infective phage particles, likely due to its genotoxicity or protein inactivation and cell membrane disruption effects. Furthermore, Cu2+‘s probable sequestration by phage particles led to the reduction of free toxic metal ions available in the solution. An additive antibacterial effect was only observed for the combination of GE and Cu2+, potentially due to enhanced ROS production or to outer membrane permeabilization. This study indicates that possible interference between antibacterial agents needs to be carefully investigated for the preparation of effective therapeutic cocktails.
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Fan D, Fang Q. Siderophores for medical applications: Imaging, sensors, and therapeutics. Int J Pharm 2021; 597:120306. [PMID: 33540031 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Siderophores are low-molecular-weight chelators produced by microorganisms to scavenge iron from the environment and deliver it to cells via specific receptors. Tremendous researches on the molecular basis of siderophore regulation, synthesis, secretion, and uptake have inspired their diverse applications in the medical field. Replacing iron with radionuclides in siderophores, such as the most prominent Ga-68 for positron emission tomography (PET), carves out ways for targeted imaging of infectious diseases and cancers. Additionally, the high affinity of siderophores for metal ions or microorganisms makes them a potent detecting moiety in sensors that can be used for diagnosis. As for therapeutics, the notable Trojan horse-inspired siderophore-antibiotic conjugates demonstrate enhanced toxicity against multi-drug resistant (MDR) pathogens. Besides, siderophores can tackle iron overload diseases and, when combined with moieties such as hydrogels and nanoparticles, a wide spectrum of iron-induced diseases and even cancers. In this review, we briefly outline the related mechanisms, before summarizing the siderophore-based applications in imaging, sensors, and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Fan
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ambient Particles Health Effects and Prevention Techniques, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Qiaojun Fang
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ambient Particles Health Effects and Prevention Techniques, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China; Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Beijing 101408, PR China.
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Nosrati R, Dehghani S, Karimi B, Yousefi M, Taghdisi SM, Abnous K, Alibolandi M, Ramezani M. Siderophore-based biosensors and nanosensors; new approach on the development of diagnostic systems. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 117:1-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.05.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Gandouzi I, Tertis M, Cernat A, Bakhrouf A, Coros M, Pruneanu S, Cristea C. Sensitive detection of pyoverdine with an electrochemical sensor based on electrochemically generated graphene functionalized with gold nanoparticles. Bioelectrochemistry 2018; 120:94-103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2017.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Shaikh SS, Wani SJ, Sayyed RZ. Statistical-based optimization and scale-up of siderophore production process on laboratory bioreactor. 3 Biotech 2016; 6:69. [PMID: 28330140 PMCID: PMC4754294 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-016-0365-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the enhanced production of siderophore in succinate medium by applying two-stage statistical approach, i.e., Plackett–Burman design and response surface methodology (RSM) using central composite design (CCD). In the first stage of optimization, out of 11 variable components of succinate medium, succinic acid, pH and temperature were found as significant components that influenced the siderophore production in Pseudomonas aeruginosa RZS9. The second stage of RSM using CCD consisted of optimizing the concentrations of the variables. Here, 0.49 g/100 ml concentration of succinic acid, pH 7.08 and temperature of 27.80 °C yielded the maximum (68.41 %) siderophore units. All the significant components exhibited quadratic effect on siderophore production. The F value of 28.63, multiple correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.9626, percent coefficient of variation of 8.81 values indicated that the model was significant and that the experimental data was satisfactorily adjusted to the quadratic model. During validation of these experiments, 6.10 % increase in siderophore yield was obtained. Scale-up of this protocol optimized at shake flask level up to 5 L-capacity reactor further enhanced the siderophore yield. We claim it to be the first report on statistical optimization of siderophore production by P. aeruginosa RZS9.
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Hammud HH, El Shazly S, Sonji G, Sonji N, Bouhadir KH. Thiophene aldehyde-diamino uracil Schiff base: A novel fluorescent probe for detection and quantification of cupric, silver and ferric ions. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2015; 150:94-103. [PMID: 26026307 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2015] [Revised: 04/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A new Schiff base from the condensation of 5,6-diamino-1,3-dimethyluracil with 5-methylthiophene-2-carboxaldehyde was synthesized. The compound was characterized by spectral data (UV-Vis, IR, (1)H NMR, fluorescence, MS). Ethanolic solutions of the Schiff base exhibit a strong fluorescence emission at 385 nm (λex=341 nm), and have been employed as a "turn-off" fluorescent probe for selective detection of Ag(+), Cu(2+) and Fe(3+) ions in presence of other cations such as Na(+), K(+), Ca(2+) and Mg(2+) ions abundant in natural water. The interaction between the tested compound and copper, silver or iron ions is associated with a significant fluorescence decrease, showing detection limits of 2.1-14.2 ppb. Under optimal conditions, the developed sensor was successfully employed to determine Ag(+), Cu(2+) and Fe(3+) ions in real samples and proved to be selective and sensitive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan H Hammud
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Beirut Arab University, Debbieh, Lebanon.
| | - Shawky El Shazly
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Beirut Arab University, Debbieh, Lebanon
| | - Ghassan Sonji
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Beirut Arab University, Debbieh, Lebanon
| | - Nada Sonji
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Beirut Arab University, Debbieh, Lebanon
| | - Kamal H Bouhadir
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
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Ahmed E, Holmström SJM. Siderophores in environmental research: roles and applications. Microb Biotechnol 2014; 7:196-208. [PMID: 24576157 PMCID: PMC3992016 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.12117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 436] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Revised: 01/13/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Siderophores are organic compounds with low molecular masses that are produced by microorganisms and plants growing under low iron conditions. The primary function of these compounds is to chelate the ferric iron [Fe(III)] from different terrestrial and aquatic habitats and thereby make it available for microbial and plant cells. Siderophores have received much attention in recent years because of their potential roles and applications in various areas of environmental research. Their significance in these applications is because siderophores have the ability to bind a variety of metals in addition to iron, and they have a wide range of chemical structures and specific properties. For instance, siderophores function as biocontrols, biosensors, and bioremediation and chelation agents, in addition to their important role in weathering soil minerals and enhancing plant growth. The aim of this literature review is to outline and discuss the important roles and functions of siderophores in different environmental habitats and emphasize the significant roles that these small organic molecules could play in applied environmental processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Ahmed
- Department of Geological Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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Chiadò A, Varani L, Bosco F, Marmo L. Opening Study on the Development of a New Biosensor for Metal Toxicity Based on Pseudomonas fluorescens Pyoverdine. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2013; 3:385-99. [PMID: 25586414 PMCID: PMC4263567 DOI: 10.3390/bios3040385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Revised: 11/29/2013] [Accepted: 12/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
To date, different kinds of biosensing elements have been used effectively for environmental monitoring. Microbial cells seem to be well-suited for this task: they are cheap, adaptable to variable field conditions and give a measurable response to a broad number of chemicals. Among different pollutants, heavy metals are still a major problem for the environment. A reasonable starting point for the selection of a biorecognition element to develop a biosensor for metals could be that of a microorganism that exhibits good mechanisms to cope with metals. Pseudomonads are characterized by the secretion of siderophores (e.g., pyoverdine), low-molecular weight compounds that chelate Fe3+ during iron starvation. Pyoverdine is easily detected by colorimetric assay, and it is suitable for simple online measurements. In this work, in order to evaluate pyoverdine as a biorecognition element for metal detection, the influence of metal ions (Fe3+, Cu2+, Zn2+), but also of temperature, pH and nutrients, on microbial growth and pyoverdine regulation has been studied in P. fluorescens. Each of these variables has been shown to influence the synthesis of siderophore: for instance, the lower the temperature, the higher the production of pyoverdine. Moreover, the concentration of pyoverdine produced in the presence of metals has been compared with the maximum allowable concentrations indicated in international regulations (e.g., 98/83/EC), and a correlation that could be useful to build a colorimetric biosensor has been observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Chiadò
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129, Torino, Italy.
| | - Luca Varani
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), Via Vincenzo Vela 6, 6500, Bellinzona (CH), Switzerland.
| | - Francesca Bosco
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129, Torino, Italy.
| | - Luca Marmo
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129, Torino, Italy.
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Zheng T, Nolan EM. Siderophore-based detection of Fe(iii) and microbial pathogens. Metallomics 2012; 4:866-80. [DOI: 10.1039/c2mt20082a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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