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Blake MDT, Drezett J, Vertamatti MA, Adami F, Valenti VE, Paiva AC, Viana JM, Pedroso D, de Abreu LC. Characteristics of sexual violence against adolescent girls and adult women. BMC WOMENS HEALTH 2014; 14:15. [PMID: 24450307 PMCID: PMC3910688 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6874-14-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2012] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Sexual violence is considered a serious violation of human rights which affects mainly young women and adolescents. There is little information about the conditions under which sexual offences occur. We evaluated characteristics of sexual violence against adolescent girls and adult women. Method This is a quantitative, retrospective, descriptive study of sexual violence against adolescent girls and adult women. Analyses were carried out on data collected from 1118 women, 546 adolescents (10-19 years) and 572 adults (≥ 20 years), with a complaint of rape treated at Hospital Pérola Byington, São Paulo, between 1994 and 1999. The age limit of the adolescent sample met the World Health Organization’s (WHO) criteria. We analyzed the type of sexual contact, degree of intimidation, perpetrator and activity of the victim during the approach. Results Crimes without penetration were five times more frequent in adolescents and use of threats of death or intimidation was common in both groups. Mental illness was more prevalent in adult victims and the majority of adolescent victims were aged <14 years. Uncle and stepfather perpetrators were more frequent among adolescents and partners or former intimate partners in adult women. In most cases the approach occurred in public places, although sex crimes at the perpetrator’s residence were more frequent amongst adolescents. Conclusions Although children and adolescents require the same intervention measures and legal protection, a considerable proportion of adolescent sex offenders can face conditions similar to those of adult women.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Luiz Carlos de Abreu
- Laboratório de Delineamento de Estudos e Escrita Científica, Departamento de Ciências Básicas, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Av, Príncipe de Gales, 821, 09060-650 Santo André, SP, Brazil.
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Miyazato KE, Fonseca ALA, Caputto LZ, Rocha KC, Azzalis LA, Junqueira VBC, Pereira EC, Chaves LC, Feder D, Corazzini R, De Abreu LC, Valenti VE, Batista Lacerda SN, Goulart FC, Fonseca FLA. Incidence of Leptospirosis infection in the East Zone of Sao Paulo City, Brazil. Int Arch Med 2013; 6:23. [PMID: 23672682 PMCID: PMC3682875 DOI: 10.1186/1755-7682-6-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2012] [Accepted: 05/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leptospirosis is a zoonosis which is spread through contamined running water. This contaminations is seriously affected by the flooding which occurs in the area surrounding the Aricanduva river. The transmission of the disease results mainly from the contact of water with soil contaminated by the urine of infected animals. We aimed to conduct an epidemiological survey on Leptospirosis cases in Sao Paulo East Zone area. METHOD The analysis conducted in this study was based on data collected from the health authorities of that region close the Aricanduva river between 2007 and 2008 years, which give the rates of confirmed cases, mortality and death from human Leptospirosis. Other information concerned with the relationships among rainfall index, points of flooding and incidence of Leptospirosis. RESULTS We observed a direct and important water contamination. Records of flooding points and dates of the reported cases in the region showed a direct relationship from which the period of higher rainfall also recorded an increase in cases. The annual record of the city and the region and rainfall regions also presented correlation. CONCLUSION The association between the indices of flooding and Leptospirosis cases indicates that preventive measures are necessary to avoid exposing the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kátia Eiko Miyazato
- IPESSP (Instituto Paulista de Ensino em Saúde de São Paulo), Alameda Franca, 1604, São Paulo, SP, 01422-001, Brazil
| | - Alexandre LA Fonseca
- IPESSP (Instituto Paulista de Ensino em Saúde de São Paulo), Alameda Franca, 1604, São Paulo, SP, 01422-001, Brazil
| | - Luciana Z Caputto
- IPESSP (Instituto Paulista de Ensino em Saúde de São Paulo), Alameda Franca, 1604, São Paulo, SP, 01422-001, Brazil
| | - Katya C Rocha
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Av. Príncipe de Gales, 821, Santo André, SP, 09060-650, Brazil
| | - Ligia A Azzalis
- Instituto de Ciências Químicas, Ambientais e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP, Rua Prof. Artur Riedel, 275, Diadema 09972-270, Brazil
| | - Virginia BC Junqueira
- Instituto de Ciências Químicas, Ambientais e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP, Rua Prof. Artur Riedel, 275, Diadema 09972-270, Brazil
| | - Edimar C Pereira
- Instituto de Ciências Químicas, Ambientais e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP, Rua Prof. Artur Riedel, 275, Diadema 09972-270, Brazil
| | - Loide C Chaves
- Departamento de Enfermagem, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Av. Príncipe de Gales, 821, Santo André, SP, 09060-650, Brazil
| | - David Feder
- Departamento de Morfologia e Fisiologia, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Av. Príncipe de Gales, 821, Santo André, SP 09060-650, Brazil
| | - Roseli Corazzini
- Departamento de Morfologia e Fisiologia, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Av. Príncipe de Gales, 821, Santo André, SP 09060-650, Brazil
| | - Luiz Carlos De Abreu
- Departamento de Morfologia e Fisiologia, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Av. Príncipe de Gales, 821, Santo André, SP 09060-650, Brazil
| | - Vitor E Valenti
- Departamento de Fonoaudiologia, Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Av. Hygino Muzzi Filho, 737, Marília, SP, 17.525-900, Brazil
| | - Sheylla Nadjane Batista Lacerda
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Av. Príncipe de Gales, 821, Santo André, SP, 09060-650, Brazil
- Departamento de Morfologia e Fisiologia, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Av. Príncipe de Gales, 821, Santo André, SP 09060-650, Brazil
| | - Flávia C Goulart
- Departamento de Morfologia e Fisiologia, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Av. Príncipe de Gales, 821, Santo André, SP 09060-650, Brazil
| | - Fernando LA Fonseca
- Instituto de Ciências Químicas, Ambientais e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP, Rua Prof. Artur Riedel, 275, Diadema 09972-270, Brazil
- Departamento de Morfologia e Fisiologia, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Av. Príncipe de Gales, 821, Santo André, SP 09060-650, Brazil
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