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Luo Y, Lu H, Zhang Y, Cui Z, Zhang P, Li Y. A case of complex balanced chromosomal translocations associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Mol Cytogenet 2022; 15:37. [PMID: 35989338 PMCID: PMC9394009 DOI: 10.1186/s13039-022-00615-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Complex chromosomal rearrangements (CCR) are rare chromosomal structural abnormalities. The chromosomal structural variants in CCR carriers are one of the factors contributing to a history of adverse pregnancy and childbirth. In this study, we report a patient with a history of adverse pregnancy and childbirth who exhibited complex balanced chromosomal translocations. The female patient was phenotypically and intellectually normal; in her first pregnancy, the embryo was damaged, and a histological examination of the chromosomes of the embryos revealed a deletion of approximately 4.66 Mb at 1p32.3p32.2, a duplication of approximately 1.02 Mb at 1p22.2p22.1, a duplication of approximately 1.46 Mb at 6q27 and a deletion of approximately 7.78 Mb at 9p24.3p24.1. Chromosomal examinations of the patient revealed the karyotype to be 46,XX,(1;9)(p32; p34). In the second pregnancy, the foetus was diagnosed prenatally with three or more positive ultrasound soft indicators. The patient's karyotype was re-examined and further confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridisation as 46,XX,t(1;9;6)(p31;p22;q27), revealing this patient was a carrier of complex balanced chromosomal translocations. Carriers of CCR have a higher risk of spontaneous abortion, and genetic counselling clinicians should consider the karyotype analyses of such patients in clinical practice and recheck their chromosomes if necessary.
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He P, Wei X, Xu Y, Huang J, Tang N, Yan T, Yang C, Lu K. Analysis of complex chromosomal rearrangements using a combination of current molecular cytogenetic techniques. Mol Cytogenet 2022; 15:20. [PMID: 35590339 PMCID: PMC9118736 DOI: 10.1186/s13039-022-00597-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Using combined fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and high-throughput whole-genome sequencing (WGS) molecular cytogenetic technology, we aim to analyze the junction breakpoints of complex chromosome rearrangements (CCR) that were difficult to identify by conventional karyotyping analysis and further characterize the genetic causes of recurrent spontaneous abortion. RESULTS By leveraging a combination of current molecular techniques, including chromosome karyotype analysis, FISH, and WGS, we comprehensively characterized the extremely complex chromosomal abnormalities in this patient with recurrent spontaneous abortions. Here, we demonstrated that combining these current established molecular techniques is an effective and efficient workflow to identify the structural abnormalities of complex chromosomes and locate the rearrangement of DNA fragments. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, leveraging results from multiple molecular and cytogenetic techniques can provide the most comprehensive genetic analysis for genetic etiology research, diagnosis, and genetic counseling for patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion and embryonic abortion.
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Grants
- 2018AF10501 the Liuzhou Medical Genetics Research Center (Cultivation and Construction)
- 2018AF10501 the Liuzhou Medical Genetics Research Center (Cultivation and Construction)
- 2018AF10501 the Liuzhou Medical Genetics Research Center (Cultivation and Construction)
- 2018AF10501 the Liuzhou Medical Genetics Research Center (Cultivation and Construction)
- 2018AF10501 the Liuzhou Medical Genetics Research Center (Cultivation and Construction)
- G202003028 the Guangxi medical high-level backbone talents '139'plan training target special
- G202003028 the Guangxi medical high-level backbone talents '139'plan training target special
- G202003028 the Guangxi medical high-level backbone talents '139'plan training target special
- G202003028 the Guangxi medical high-level backbone talents '139'plan training target special
- G202003028 the Guangxi medical high-level backbone talents '139'plan training target special
- Z20190789 the Liuzhou city 1/10/100 talent special project, Health Department Research Fund of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
- Z20190789 the Liuzhou city 1/10/100 talent special project, Health Department Research Fund of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
- Z20190789 the Liuzhou city 1/10/100 talent special project, Health Department Research Fund of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
- Z20190789 the Liuzhou city 1/10/100 talent special project, Health Department Research Fund of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
- Z20190789 the Liuzhou city 1/10/100 talent special project, Health Department Research Fund of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
- the Guangxi medical high-level backbone talents ‘139’plan training target special
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping He
- Department of Medical Genetics, Liuzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaoni Wei
- Department of Medical Genetics, Liuzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Yuchan Xu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Liuzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Jun Huang
- Department of Medical Genetics, Liuzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Ning Tang
- Department of Medical Genetics, Liuzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Tizhen Yan
- Department of Medical Genetics, Liuzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Chuanchun Yang
- CheerLand Biological Technology Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Kangmo Lu
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Affiliated Foshan Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University (Foshan Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital), Foshan, Guangdong, China.
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Provasek VE, Mitra J, Malojirao VH, Hegde ML. DNA Double-Strand Breaks as Pathogenic Lesions in Neurological Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094653. [PMID: 35563044 PMCID: PMC9099445 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The damage and repair of DNA is a continuous process required to maintain genomic integrity. DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are the most lethal type of DNA damage and require timely repair by dedicated machinery. DSB repair is uniquely important to nondividing, post-mitotic cells of the central nervous system (CNS). These long-lived cells must rely on the intact genome for a lifetime while maintaining high metabolic activity. When these mechanisms fail, the loss of certain neuronal populations upset delicate neural networks required for higher cognition and disrupt vital motor functions. Mammalian cells engage with several different strategies to recognize and repair chromosomal DSBs based on the cellular context and cell cycle phase, including homologous recombination (HR)/homology-directed repair (HDR), microhomology-mediated end-joining (MMEJ), and the classic non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ). In addition to these repair pathways, a growing body of evidence has emphasized the importance of DNA damage response (DDR) signaling, and the involvement of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) family proteins in the repair of neuronal DSBs, many of which are linked to age-associated neurological disorders. In this review, we describe contemporary research characterizing the mechanistic roles of these non-canonical proteins in neuronal DSB repair, as well as their contributions to the etiopathogenesis of selected common neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent E. Provasek
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Neuroregeneration, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (V.E.P.); (V.H.M.)
- College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Joy Mitra
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Neuroregeneration, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (V.E.P.); (V.H.M.)
- Correspondence: (J.M.); (M.L.H.)
| | - Vikas H. Malojirao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Neuroregeneration, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (V.E.P.); (V.H.M.)
| | - Muralidhar L. Hegde
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Neuroregeneration, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (V.E.P.); (V.H.M.)
- College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
- Department of Neurosciences, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 11021, USA
- Correspondence: (J.M.); (M.L.H.)
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Staykova SY, Staneva R, Stamenov G, Pancheva M, Serafimova M, Nikolova K, Toncheva D, Hadjidekova S. Preimplantation genetic testing: method and two case studies of familial three-way complex translocations. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2019.1694435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rada Staneva
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
- Women’s Health Hospital Nadezhda, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | | | | | | | - Draga Toncheva
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Savina Hadjidekova
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
- Women’s Health Hospital Nadezhda, Sofia, Bulgaria
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Hu L, Wei Y, Luo K, Xie P, Gong F, Xiong B, Tan Y, Lu G, Lin G. Clinical outcomes in carriers of complex chromosomal rearrangements: a retrospective analysis of comprehensive chromosome screening results in seven cases. Fertil Steril 2018; 109:486-492. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2017.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Del Rey J, Santos M, González-Meneses A, Milà M, Fuster C. Heterogeneity of a Constitutional Complex Chromosomal Rearrangement in 2q. Cytogenet Genome Res 2016; 148:156-64. [PMID: 27216161 DOI: 10.1159/000445859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Complex chromosome rearrangements (CCRs) are unusual structural chromosome alterations found in humans, and to date only a few have been characterized molecularly. New mechanisms, such as chromothripsis, have been proposed to explain the presence of the CCRs in cancer cells and in patients with congenital disorders and/or mental retardation. The aim of the present study was the molecular characterization of a constitutional CCR in a girl with multiple congenital disorders and intellectual disability in order to determine the genotype-phenotype relation and to clarify whether the CCR could have been caused by chromosomal catastrophic events. The present CCR was characterized by G-banding, high-resolution CGH, multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification and subtelomeric 2q-FISH analyses. Preliminary results indicate that the de novo CCR is unbalanced showing a 2q37.3 deletion and 2q34q37.2 partial trisomy. Our patient shows some of the typical traits and intellectual disability described in patients with 2q37 deletion and also in carriers of 2q34q37.2 partial trisomy; thus, the clinical disorders could be explained by additional effects of both chromosome alterations (deletions and duplications). A posterior, sequential FISH study using BAC probes revealed the unexpected presence of at least 17 different reorganizations affecting 2q34q37.2, suggesting the existence of chromosome instability in this region. The present CCR is the first case described in the literature of heterogeneity of unbalanced CCRs affecting a small region of 2q, indicating that the mechanisms involved in constitutional chromosome rearrangement may be more complex than previously thought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Del Rey
- Unitat de Biologia Celx00B7;lular i Genx00E8;tica Mx00E8;dica, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autx00F2;noma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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