1
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Sessa R, Trombetti S, Bianco AL, Amendola G, Catapano R, Cesaro E, Petruzziello F, D'Armiento M, Maruotti GM, Menna G, Izzo P, Grosso M. miR-1202 acts as anti-oncomiR in myeloid leukaemia by down-modulating GATA-1 S expression. Open Biol 2024; 14:230319. [PMID: 38350611 PMCID: PMC10864098 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.230319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Transient abnormal myelopoiesis (TAM) is a Down syndrome-related pre-leukaemic condition characterized by somatic mutations in the haematopoietic transcription factor GATA-1 that result in exclusive production of its shorter isoform (GATA-1S). Given the common hallmark of altered miRNA expression profiles in haematological malignancies and the pro-leukaemic role of GATA-1S, we aimed to search for miRNAs potentially able to modulate the expression of GATA-1 isoforms. Starting from an in silico prediction of miRNA binding sites in the GATA-1 transcript, miR-1202 came into our sight as potential regulator of GATA-1 expression. Expression studies in K562 cells revealed that miR-1202 directly targets GATA-1, negatively regulates its expression, impairs GATA-1S production, reduces cell proliferation, and increases apoptosis sensitivity. Furthermore, data from TAM and myeloid leukaemia patients provided substantial support to our study by showing that miR-1202 down-modulation is accompanied by increased GATA-1 levels, with more marked effects on GATA-1S. These findings indicate that miR-1202 acts as an anti-oncomiR in myeloid cells and may impact leukaemogenesis at least in part by down-modulating GATA-1S levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Sessa
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Silvia Trombetti
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra Lo Bianco
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Amendola
- Department of Pediatrics and Intensive Care Unit, Umberto I Hospital, Nocera Inferiore, Italy
| | - Rosa Catapano
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Elena Cesaro
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Fara Petruzziello
- Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, AORN Santobono-Pausilipon, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria D'Armiento
- Department of Public Health, Section of Pathology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Maria Maruotti
- Gynecology and Obstetrics Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Menna
- Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, AORN Santobono-Pausilipon, Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Izzo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate 'Franco Salvatore', Naples, Italy
| | - Michela Grosso
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate 'Franco Salvatore', Naples, Italy
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2
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Wilczyński JR, Wilczyński M, Paradowska E. Cancer Stem Cells in Ovarian Cancer-A Source of Tumor Success and a Challenging Target for Novel Therapies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052496. [PMID: 35269636 PMCID: PMC8910575 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the most lethal neoplasm of the female genital organs. Despite indisputable progress in the treatment of ovarian cancer, the problems of chemo-resistance and recurrent disease are the main obstacles for successful therapy. One of the main reasons for this is the presence of a specific cell population of cancer stem cells. The aim of this review is to show the most contemporary knowledge concerning the biology of ovarian cancer stem cells (OCSCs) and their impact on chemo-resistance and prognosis in ovarian cancer patients, as well as to present the treatment options targeted exclusively on the OCSCs. The review presents data concerning the role of cancer stem cells in general and then concentrates on OCSCs. The surface and intracellular OCSCs markers and their meaning both for cancer biology and clinical prognosis, signaling pathways specifically activated in OCSCs, the genetic and epigenetic regulation of OCSCs function including the recent studies on the non-coding RNA regulation, cooperation between OCSCs and the tumor microenvironment (ovarian cancer niche) including very specific environment such as ascites fluid, the role of shear stress, autophagy and metabolic changes for the function of OCSCs, and finally mechanisms of OCSCs escape from immune surveillance, are described and discussed extensively. The possibilities of anti-OCSCs therapy both in experimental settings and in clinical trials are presented, including the recent II phase clinical trials and immunotherapy. OCSCs are a unique population of cancer cells showing a great plasticity, self-renewal potential and resistance against anti-cancer treatment. They are responsible for the progression and recurrence of the tumor. Several completed and ongoing clinical trials have tested different anti-OCSCs drugs which, however, have shown unsatisfactory efficacy in most cases. We propose a novel approach to ovarian cancer diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek R Wilczyński
- Department of Gynecological Surgery and Gynecological Oncology, Medical University of Lodz, 4 Kosciuszki Str., 90-419 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Miłosz Wilczyński
- Department of Gynecological, Endoscopic and Oncological Surgery, Polish Mother’s Health Center—Research Institute, 281/289 Rzgowska Str., 93-338 Lodz, Poland;
- Department of Surgical and Endoscopic Gynecology, Medical University of Lodz, 4 Kosciuszki Str., 90-419 Lodz, Poland
| | - Edyta Paradowska
- Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Medical Biology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 106 Lodowa Str., 93-232 Lodz, Poland;
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Hou R, Jiang L. LINC00115 promotes stemness and inhibits apoptosis of ovarian cancer stem cells by upregulating SOX9 and inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin pathway through competitively binding to microRNA-30a. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:360. [PMID: 34238293 PMCID: PMC8268259 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02019-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRs) are differentially expressed in ovarian cancer (OC) cells and influence OC progression. This study intended to explore the underlying roles of LINC00115 and miR-30a in OC. METHODS Gene Expression Omnibus database was used to find OC microarray datasets and bioinformatics analysis predicted the potential molecular mechanism of OC. OC stem cells (OCSCs) surface marker was isolated from human OC cell line and identified. CD133+ OCSCs were transfected with LINC00115, miR-30a and SOX9 alone or together to detect sphere-forming ability and apoptosis of OCSCs. Caspase-3 activity and DNA damage in cell supernatant were detected. The levels of CD44, NANOG, POU5F1, LINC00115, CD133, miR-30a and SOX9 were measured. Then sh-LNC00115-treated OCSCs were added with Wnt/β-catenin activator SKL2001 to observe the changes of cell stemness and activity. Finally, animal models were established to evaluate the effect of LINC00115 on OCSC in vivo. RESULTS LINC00115 and SOX9 were highly expressed in OC, while miR-30a was lowly expressed. After silencing LINC00115 or overexpressing miR-30a, the sphere-forming rate of CD133+ OCSC and levels of CD133, CD44, NANOG and POU5F1 decreased, while apoptotic rate, Caspase-3 activity and histone-related DNA damage increased. SOX9 reversed these trends. Additionally, LINC00115 could bind to miR-30a and miR-30a could target SOX9. SKL2001 partially reversed cell stemness and activity in sh-LNC00115-treated OCSCs. Finally, silencing LINC00115 could inhibit OCSCs growth in vivo. CONCLUSION LINC00115 promoted stemness and inhibited apoptosis of OCSCs by upregulating SOX9 and in activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway through competitively binding to miR-30a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Hou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Luo Jiang
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China.
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4
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Gening SO, Abakumova TV, Antoneeva II, Rizvanov AA, Gening TP, Gafurbaeva DU. Stem-like tumor cells and proinflammatory cytokines in the ascitic fluid of ovarian cancer patients. Klin Lab Diagn 2021; 66:297-303. [PMID: 34047516 DOI: 10.51620/0869-2084-2021-66-5-297-303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is able to develop implantation metastases in the abdominal cavity. Ascites is potentially useful for evaluating cancer features. The aim of the study was to assess the content of stem-like tumor cells and inflammatory mediators in ascites of OC. The prospective study included 11 patients with primary OC having ascites, 8 patients with benign ovarian tumors having ascites and 22 healthy women. In ascitic fluid obtained by laparocentesis, the populations of tumor stem-like cells were determined on a Cytoflex S` flow cytometer (Beckman Coulter, USA) and CytExpert Software using monoclonal antibodies to CD45, CD44 and CD133. The cytokine profiles of ascitic fluid and blood serum (IL-1β, IL-18, IL-4, IL-10 and VEGF) were assessed by ELISA. Stem-like cells were found in all samples. 5 cell populations were evaluated. The number of cells expressing both markers: CD44 + and CD133+, was the lowest. The highest, about 32%, was the number of CD44+ cells. The number of cells CD45-CD44+CD133- in ascites strongly positively correlated with the content of IL-10 in ascites, and the numbers of CD45-CD133+ and CD45-CD44-CD133+ - with the level of VEGF in blood serum. No correlations were found between the numbers of stem-like cells and the disease stage or the level of CA125 in blood. The combination of IL-4 and IL-10 in ascites had the greatest significance in predicting the disease stage. These results suggest a relationship between the levels of VEGF, IL-10, and cancer stem cells in the OC ascites. Stem-like cells in OC ascites are heterogeneous and are present even at an early stage of the disease. It seems promising to study cell populations and cytokine profile of ascites together, to assess the biomarker potential of their combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- S O Gening
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Ulyanovsk State University
| | - T V Abakumova
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Ulyanovsk State University
| | - I I Antoneeva
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Ulyanovsk State University; Federal Healthcare Institution Regional Clinical Oncology Center
| | - A A Rizvanov
- Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «Kazan (Volga Regional) Federal University»
| | - T P Gening
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Ulyanovsk State University
| | - D U Gafurbaeva
- Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «Kazan (Volga Regional) Federal University»
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5
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Chauhan N, Dhasmana A, Jaggi M, Chauhan SC, Yallapu MM. miR-205: A Potential Biomedicine for Cancer Therapy. Cells 2020; 9:cells9091957. [PMID: 32854238 PMCID: PMC7564275 DOI: 10.3390/cells9091957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding RNAs that regulate the expression of their target mRNAs post transcriptionally. miRNAs are known to regulate not just a gene but the whole gene network (signaling pathways). Accumulating evidence(s) suggests that miRNAs can work either as oncogenes or tumor suppressors, but some miRNAs have a dual nature since they can act as both. miRNA 205 (miR-205) is one such highly conserved miRNA that can act as both, oncomiRNA and tumor suppressor. However, most reports confirm its emerging role as a tumor suppressor in many cancers. This review focuses on the downregulated expression of miR-205 and discusses its dysregulation in breast, prostate, skin, liver, gliomas, pancreatic, colorectal and renal cancers. This review also confers its role in tumor initiation, progression, cell proliferation, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, and tumor metastasis. Restoration of miR-205 makes cells more sensitive to drug treatments and mitigates drug resistance. Additionally, the importance of miR-205 in chemosensitization and its utilization as potential biomedicine and nanotherapy is described. Together, this review research article sheds a light on its application as a diagnostic and therapeutic marker, and as a biomedicine in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Chauhan
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA; (N.C.); (A.D.); (M.J.); (S.C.C.)
- South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA
| | - Anupam Dhasmana
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA; (N.C.); (A.D.); (M.J.); (S.C.C.)
- South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA
| | - Meena Jaggi
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA; (N.C.); (A.D.); (M.J.); (S.C.C.)
- South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA
| | - Subhash C. Chauhan
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA; (N.C.); (A.D.); (M.J.); (S.C.C.)
- South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA
| | - Murali M. Yallapu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA; (N.C.); (A.D.); (M.J.); (S.C.C.)
- South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(956)-296-1734
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6
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Wang W, Wang S, Pan L. Identification of key differentially expressed mRNAs and microRNAs in non-small cell lung cancer using bioinformatics analysis. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:3720-3732. [PMID: 32855723 PMCID: PMC7444408 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a leading cause of mortality worldwide. However, the pathogenesis of NSCLC remains to be fully elucidated. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore the differential expression of mRNAs and microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) in NSCLC and to determine how these RNA molecules interact with one another to affect disease progression. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) were identified from the GSE18842, GSE32863 and GSE29250 datasets downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO database). Functional and pathway enrichment analysis were performed based on Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) databases. STRING, Cytoscape and MCODE were applied to construct a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and to screen hub genes. The interactions between miRNAs and mRNAs were predicted using miRWalk 3.0 and a miRNA-mRNA regulatory network was constructed. The prognostic value of the identified hub genes was then evaluated via Kaplan-Meier survival analyses using datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas. A total of 782 DEGs and 46 DEMs were identified from the 3 GEO datasets. The enriched pathways and functions of the DEGs and target genes of the DEMs included osteoclast differentiation, cell adhesion, response to a drug, plasma membrane, extracellular exosome and protein binding. A subnetwork composed of 11 genes was extracted from the PPI network and the genes in this subnetwork were mainly involved in the cell cycle, cell division and DNA replication. A miRNA-gene regulatory network was constructed with 247 miRNA-gene pairs based on 6 DEMs and 210 DEGs. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis indicated that the expression of ubiquitin E2 ligase C, cell division cycle protein 20, DNA topoisomerase IIα, aurora kinase A and B, cyclin B2, maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase, slit guidance ligand 3, phosphoglucomutase 5, endomucin, cysteine dioxygenase type 1, dihydropyrimidinase-like 2, miR-130b, miR-1181 and miR-127 was significantly associated with overall survival of patients with lung adenocarcinoma. In the present study, a miRNA-mRNA regulatory network in NSCLC was established, which may provide future avenues for scientific exploration and therapeutic targeting of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, P.R. China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, P.R. China
| | - Lei Pan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, P.R. China
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7
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Tofani LB, Abriata JP, Luiz MT, Marchetti JM, Swiech K. Establishment and characterization of an in vitro
3D
ovarian cancer model for drug screening assays. Biotechnol Prog 2020; 36:e3034. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.3034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Larissa B. Tofani
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto University of Sao Paulo Ribeirão Preto Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Juliana P. Abriata
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto University of Sao Paulo Ribeirão Preto Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Marcela T. Luiz
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto University of Sao Paulo Ribeirão Preto Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Juliana M. Marchetti
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto University of Sao Paulo Ribeirão Preto Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Kamilla Swiech
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto University of Sao Paulo Ribeirão Preto Sao Paulo Brazil
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8
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Song S, Pan Y, Li H, Zhen H. MiR-1202 Exerts Neuroprotective Effects on OGD/R Induced Inflammation in HM Cell by Negatively Regulating Rab1a Involved in TLR4/NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Neurochem Res 2020; 45:1120-1129. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-020-02991-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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9
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Shen Y, Pu K, Zheng K, Ma X, Qin J, Jiang L, Li J. Differentially Expressed microRNAs in MIA PaCa-2 and PANC-1 Pancreas Ductal Adenocarcinoma Cell Lines are Involved in Cancer Stem Cell Regulation. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4473. [PMID: 31510100 PMCID: PMC6770012 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Revised: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal malignancies, and thus better understanding of its molecular pathology is crucial for us to devise more effective treatment of this deadly disease. As cancer cell line remains a convenient starting point for discovery and proof-of-concept studies, here we report the miRNA expression characteristics of two cell lines, MIA PaCa-2 and PANC-1, and discovered three miRNAs (miR-7-5p, let-7d, and miR-135b-5p) that are involved in cancer stem cells (CSCs) suppression. After transfection of each miRNA's mimic into PANC-1 cells which exhibits higher stemness feature than MIA-PaCa-2 cells, partial reduction of CSC surface markers and inhibition of tumor sphere formation were observed. These results enlighten us to consider miRNAs as potential therapeutic agents for pancreatic cancer patients via specific and effective inhibition of CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Shen
- Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface Research, Nano-Bio-Chem Centre, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Kefeng Pu
- Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface Research, Nano-Bio-Chem Centre, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Kexiao Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface Research, Nano-Bio-Chem Centre, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiaochuan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jingyi Qin
- Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface Research, Nano-Bio-Chem Centre, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Li Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface Research, Nano-Bio-Chem Centre, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jiong Li
- Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface Research, Nano-Bio-Chem Centre, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China.
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10
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Satapathy S, Kumar C, Singh RK. MicroRNAs as Key Regulators of Ovarian Cancers. CELL MEDICINE 2019; 11:2155179019873849. [PMID: 32634196 PMCID: PMC6732848 DOI: 10.1177/2155179019873849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment can be realistically viewed as an active battle ground between
the host immune system and the growing tumor cells. This reactive space surrounding the
tumor possesses several possibilities and facilitates the progression of a tumor from a
neoplastic stage to that of metastasis. The contemporary approach of understanding the
cancer biology from a “within the cell” perspective has been largely challenged with
complex and intricate “outside the cell” events. Thus understanding the biology of the
tumor microenvironment has been of scientific and clinical interest. Small non-coding
microRNAs with a pleotropic and wide range of cellular gene targets can be reasonably
hypothesized to regulate the events of carcinogenesis and progression. MicroRNAs have been
investigated in different cancer models, and evidence of their involvement in the
regulation of the tumor microenvironment has been of much interest. In particular, a major
interest has been exploring the role of the tumor microenvironment in regulating the
interaction of cancer cells with surrounding stromal components and the effect of such
interactions on the cancer cells. Fine-tuned regulation by these microRNAs extends our
contemporary understanding of these small biomolecules in epigenetic regulations. This
review focuses on microRNAs that are dysregulated in ovarian carcinomas, their effect on
the components of the tumor microenvironment, and the correlation of their heterogeneous
expression profiles with disease severity and prognosis in patients. In addition, this
paper also discusses the differential expression of exosomal microRNAs that are known to
link the cancer cell with its microenvironment, facilitating the development of an
improved prognostic/diagnostic marker and effective therapeutic regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Satapathy
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal, India
| | - Chanchal Kumar
- Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
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11
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Witusik-Perkowska M, Zakrzewska M, Jaskolski DJ, Liberski PP, Szemraj J. Artificial microenvironment of in vitro glioblastoma cell cultures changes profile of miRNAs related to tumor drug resistance. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:3905-3918. [PMID: 31190889 PMCID: PMC6535444 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s190601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The in vitro environment can influence not only the molecular background of glioblastoma drug-resistance and treatment efficiency, but also the mechanisms and pathways of cell death. Both crucial molecular pathways and the deregulation of miRNAs are thought to participate in tumor therapy-resistance. The aim of our study is to examine the potential influence of ex vivo conditions on the expression of miRNAs engaged in the machinery of tumor-drug resistance, since in vitro models are commonly used for testing new therapeutics. Methods: Glioblastoma-derived cells, cultured under three different sets of conditions, were used as experimental models in vitro. The expression of 84 miRNAs relevant to brain tumorigenesis was evaluated by multi-miRNA profiling for initial tumors and their corresponding cultures. Finally, the expression of selected miRNAs related to temozolomide-resistance (miR-125b, miR-130a, miR-21, miR-221, miR-222, miR-31, miR-149, miR-210, miR-181a) was assessed by real-time PCR for each tumor and neoplastic cells in cultures. Results: Our results demonstrate significant discrepancies in the expression of several miRNAs between tumor cells in vivo and in vitro, with miR-130a, miR-221, miR-31, miR-21, miR-222, miR-210 being the most marked. Also differences were observed between particular models in vitro. The results of computational analysis revealed the interplay between examined miRNAs and their targets involved in processes of glioblastoma chemosensitivity, including the genes relevant to temozolomide response (MGMT, PTEN, MDM2, TP53, BBC3A). Conclusion: The artificial environment may influence the selective proliferation of cell populations carrying specific patterns of miRNAs and/or the phenotype of neoplastic cells (eg differentiation) by the action of molecular events including miRNAs. These phenomena may influence the tumor-responsiveness to particular drugs, disturbing the evaluation of their efficacy in vitro, with unpredictable results caused by the interdependency of molecular pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Magdalena Zakrzewska
- Department of Molecular Pathology and Neuropathology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Dariusz J Jaskolski
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurooncology, Medical University of Lodz, Barlicki University Hospital, Lodz, Poland
| | - Pawel P Liberski
- Department of Molecular Pathology and Neuropathology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Janusz Szemraj
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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12
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Shi X, Xiao L, Mao X, He J, Ding Y, Huang J, Peng C, Xu Z. miR-205-5p Mediated Downregulation of PTEN Contributes to Cisplatin Resistance in C13K Human Ovarian Cancer Cells. Front Genet 2018; 9:555. [PMID: 30510566 PMCID: PMC6253938 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin resistance is a major cause of treatment failure in advanced ovarian cancer. The limited evidence shows the paradoxical regulation of miR-205 on chemotherapy resistance in cancer. Herein, we found that miR-205-5p was enormously increased in cisplatin-resistant C13K ovarian cancer cells compared with its cisplatin-sensitive OV2008 parental cells using miRNA microarrays, which was further verified by quantitative PCR. Furthermore, we confirmed that inhibition of miR-205-5p upregulated PTEN and subsequently attenuated its downstream target p-AKT, which inversed C13K cells from cisplatin resistance to sensitivity. Our data suggest that miR-205-5p contributes to cisplatin resistance in C13K ovarian cancer cells may via targeting PTEN/AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Shi
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnosis of Hubei Province, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Central Laboratory, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lan Xiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, An Hui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaolu Mao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinrong He
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnosis of Hubei Province, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Central Laboratory, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Ding
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnosis of Hubei Province, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Central Laboratory, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jin Huang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnosis of Hubei Province, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Central Laboratory, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Caixia Peng
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnosis of Hubei Province, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Central Laboratory, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zihui Xu
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnosis of Hubei Province, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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13
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Feng W, Li Y, Chu J, Li J, Zhang Y, Ding X, Fu Z, Li W, Huang X, Yin Y. Identification of tRNA-derived small noncoding RNAs as potential biomarkers for prediction of recurrence in triple-negative breast cancer. Cancer Med 2018; 7:5130-5144. [PMID: 30239174 PMCID: PMC6198211 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC), an intrinsic subtype of breast cancer, is characterized by aggressive pathology and shorter overall survival. Yet there is no effective therapy for these patients. Breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) in TNBC may account for treatment failure. It is urgent to identify new therapeutic targets for TNBC. tRNA‐derived small noncoding RNAs (tDRs) represent a new class of small noncoding RNAs (sncRNA), which have been reported in some human diseases and biological processes. However, there is no detailed information about the relationship between tDRs and BCSCs. In this study, a population of CD44+/CD24−/low cells was isolated and identified by reliable BCSC surface markers. tDR expression profiles in TNBC and non‐TNBC CSCs were performed by RNA sequencing. A total of 1327 differentially expressed tDRs contained 18 upregulated and 54 downregulated in TNBC group. Furthermore, the selected tDRs were validated by quantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR). tDR‐000620 expression level was consistently lower in TNBC cell lines CSCs (all P < 0.05) and serum samples (t = 2.597, P = 0.013). tDR‐000620 expression was significant association with age (P = 0.018), node status (P = 0.026) and local recurrence (P = 0.019) by chi‐square test. Kaplan‐Meier method with log‐rank test for comparison of recurrence curves. The results showed that the tDR‐000620 expression (P = 0.002) and node status (P = 0.001) group were statistically significant with recurrence‐free survival. Furthermore, multivariate Cox regression demonstrated that lymphatic metastasis (HR, 3.616; 95% CI, 1.234‐10.596; P = 0.019) and low tDR‐000620 expression (HR, 0.265; 95% CI, 0.073‐0.959; P = 0.043) were two independent adverse predictive factors for recurrence‐free survival. Finally, we found that tDR‐000620 participated in some important biological processes though GO and KEGG analysis. Taken together, our study reveals the expression profiles of tDRs in TNBC and non‐TNBC CSCs. It offers helpful information to understand the tDR‐000620 expression is responsible for the aggressive phenotype of BCSCs. It may provide predictive biomarkers and therapeutic targets for TNBC recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanting Feng
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Huaian NO. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, China
| | - Yongfei Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiahui Chu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Fuzhou General Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanhong Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaorong Ding
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Huaian NO. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, China
| | - Ziyi Fu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Medical Institute, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiang Huang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongmei Yin
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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14
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Hayashi M, Kuroda K, Ihara K, Iwaya T, Isogai E. Suppressive effect of an analog of the antimicrobial peptide of LL‑37 on colon cancer cells via exosome‑encapsulated miRNAs. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:3009-3016. [PMID: 30221678 PMCID: PMC6202099 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are multifunctional factors with an important role in the innate immune system. Our previous studies revealed that the human cathelicidin LL-37 and its analog, FF/CAP18, limit the proliferation of colon cancer cell lines. In the present study, the exosomes released by HCT116 cells treated with FF/CAP18 were analyzed. After the treatment, exosomes were isolated from the culture supernatant by ultrafiltration and using the miRCURY™ Exosome Isolation Kit. Membrane vesicles 40-100-nm expressing CD63 and CD81 were identified before and after FF/CAP18 treatment. Exosome concentration in the culture supernatant was increased after treatment with FF/CAP18. Exosomes formed in HCT116 cells treated with FF/CAP18 induced growth suppression of the cells in a dose-dependent manner. By contrast, the exosomes formed in non-treated HCT116 cells did not affect cell viability. Microarray analysis of miRNA expression indicated that FF/CAP18 treatment induced increases in the expression of three miRNAs (miR-584-5p, miR-1202 and miR-3162-5p) in both HCT116 cells and exosomes. These results suggest that FF/CAP18 treatment increases exosome formation, and that exosome-encapsulated miRNAs suppress HCT116 cell proliferation. Exosomal miRNAs are considered to be involved in the dissemination of cell signals to control local cellular microenvironments. The present findings suggest that FF/CAP18 regulates cancer growth by modulating cell-to-cell communication. AMPs localize in the cytoplasm of cancer cells and enhance the expression of growth-suppressing miRNAs. These miRNAs are also transported to other cancer cells via exosomes. Therefore, transportation of these miRNAs has the potential to suppress cancer growth. AMPs exert their effects directly by targeting cancer cells and indirectly via exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miwa Hayashi
- Laboratory of Animal Microbiology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980‑0845, Japan
| | - Kengo Kuroda
- Laboratory of Animal Microbiology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980‑0845, Japan
| | - Kohei Ihara
- Laboratory of Animal Microbiology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980‑0845, Japan
| | - Takahiro Iwaya
- Laboratory of Animal Microbiology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980‑0845, Japan
| | - Emiko Isogai
- Laboratory of Animal Microbiology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980‑0845, Japan
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15
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Surface markers of cancer stem-like cells of ovarian cancer and their clinical relevance. Contemp Oncol (Pozn) 2018; 22:48-55. [PMID: 29628794 PMCID: PMC5885077 DOI: 10.5114/wo.2018.73885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem-like cells (CSLCs) are defined as cancer cells with stem cell characteristics. Although CSLCs constitute no more than a few percent of the tumor mass, they play important roles in cancer chemo-resistance, metastasis and disease recurrence. Ovarian cancer (OC) is considered the most aggressive gynecological malignancy in which the role of CSLCs is of major significance, although it remains to be specified. The studies describing ovarian CSLC phenotype vary in the definition of the molecular pattern of expression of the main markers such as CD133, CD44, CD117, and CD24. Stem-like features of OC have been shown to correlate with the clinical course of the disease and permit diagnosis, prognosis and treatment outcome to be improved. Identification of CSLC markers could provide hallmarks which, related to the chemo-resistance of the disease, will facilitate treatment selection. This review describes recent advances in research on stem-like cell status in OC, mainly focusing on surface markers of CSLCs and their clinical relevance.
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16
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Cha SY, Choi YH, Hwang S, Jeong JY, An HJ. Clinical Impact of microRNAs Associated With Cancer Stem Cells as a Prognostic Factor in Ovarian Carcinoma. J Cancer 2017; 8:3538-3547. [PMID: 29151939 PMCID: PMC5687169 DOI: 10.7150/jca.20348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Ovarian carcinoma is a highly lethal gynecological malignancy due to its frequent relapses and adoption of chemoresistance. To develop new biomarkers for disease progression in ovarian carcinoma, CSCs, which are considered to contribute to disease relapse and metastasis, were isolated from human ovarian carcinoma tissues, and differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) in CSCs were identified and assessed the clinical implication of expression of these miRNAs. Methods: Primary cancer cells derived from human ovarian carcinomas were cultured and spheroid-forming cells (SFCs) were isolated. Profiles of miRNA expression in CSC-like SFCs were identified by miRNA microarray and the results were validated by quantitative real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR). We also assessed the correlations between miRNA expression levels and clinicopathological parameters in ovarian carcinomas. Results: Five miRNAs (miR-5703, miR-630, miR-1246, miR-424-5p, and miR-320b) were significantly dysregulated in CSC-like SFCs compared with primary cancer cells. The qRT-PCR showed that miR-5703 and miR-1246 expression was significantly higher in ovarian cancer cells than in normal control cells, whereas the miR-424-5p level was significantly lower. Decreased expression of miR-424-5p was significantly associated with distant metastasis in high stage (stage IIII & IV) carcinomas (35.5% vs. 72.2%, respectively, p=0.013) Conclusion: Taken together, miR-5703, miR-630, miR-1246, miR-424-5p, and miR-320b are useful markers for enriching ovarian CSCs. Decreased expression of miR-424-5p in ovarian carcinoma might be a putative biomarker for distant metastasis in ovarian carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Youn Cha
- Department of Pathology, CHA University, Sungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Ho Choi
- Institute for Clinical Research, CHA University, Sungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Sohyun Hwang
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Sungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Yeon Jeong
- Institute for Clinical Research, CHA University, Sungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jung An
- Department of Pathology, CHA University, Sungnam, Republic of Korea.,Institute for Clinical Research, CHA University, Sungnam, Republic of Korea
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17
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Palmirotta R, Silvestris E, D'Oronzo S, Cardascia A, Silvestris F. Ovarian cancer: Novel molecular aspects for clinical assessment. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2017; 117:12-29. [PMID: 28807232 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2017.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 05/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a very heterogeneous tumor which has been traditionally characterized according to the different histological subtypes and differentiation degree. In recent years, innovative molecular screening biotechnologies have allowed to identify further subtypes of this cancer based on gene expression profiles, mutational features, and epigenetic factors. These novel classification systems emphasizing the molecular signatures within the broad spectrum of ovarian cancer have not only allowed a more precise prognostic prediction, but also proper therapeutic strategies for specific subgroups of patients. The bulk of available scientific data and the high refinement of molecular classifications of ovarian cancers can today address the research towards innovative drugs with the adoption of targeted therapies tailored for single molecular profiles leading to a better prediction of therapeutic response. Here, we summarize the current state of knowledge on the molecular bases of ovarian cancer, from the description of its molecular subtypes derived from wide high-throughput analyses to the latest discoveries of the ovarian cancer stem cells. The latest personalized treatment options are also presented with recent advances in using PARP inhibitors, anti-angiogenic, anti-folate receptor and anti-cancer stem cells treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Palmirotta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy
| | - Erica Silvestris
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy
| | - Stella D'Oronzo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy
| | - Angela Cardascia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy
| | - Franco Silvestris
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy.
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18
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Quan Y, Song Q, Wang J, Zhao L, Lv J, Gong S. MiR-1202 functions as a tumor suppressor in glioma cells by targeting Rab1A. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317697565. [PMID: 28443461 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317697565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant expression of microRNAs correlates with the development and progression of human cancers by targeting downstream proteins. MiR-1202 is downregulated in ovarian cancer and clear cell papillary renal cell carcinoma; however, its role in glioma remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine the expression and the role of miR-1202 and to elucidate its regulatory mechanism in glioma. We used quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction to measure miR-1202 expression in both glioma tissues and cell lines. The findings showed that the miR-1202 expression decreased dramatically in clinical glioma tissues and cell lines, and miR-1202 expression was inversely correlated with the expression of Rab1A. Using bioinformatics and luciferase reporter assays, we identified Rab1A as a novel and direct target of miR-1202. In vitro, overexpression of miR-1202 inhibited glioma cell proliferation and induced endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis through targeting Rab1A, whereas suppression of miR-1202 promoted cell proliferation and inhibited endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis. Similarly, silencing Rab1A with small interfering RNA also suppressed glioma cell growth and induced endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis. Taken together, our data indicate that miR-1202 suppresses proliferation and induces endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis through targeting and inhibiting Rab1A in glioma cells. These results suggest miR-1202 as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of glioma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Quan
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qian Song
- 2 Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jvbo Wang
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lingyu Zhao
- 3 Department of Cell Biology and Genetics/Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jian Lv
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shouping Gong
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
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19
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Gov E, Kori M, Arga KY. RNA-based ovarian cancer research from 'a gene to systems biomedicine' perspective. Syst Biol Reprod Med 2017; 63:219-238. [PMID: 28574782 DOI: 10.1080/19396368.2017.1330368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer remains the leading cause of death from a gynecologic malignancy, and treatment of this disease is harder than any other type of female reproductive cancer. Improvements in the diagnosis and development of novel and effective treatment strategies for complex pathophysiologies, such as ovarian cancer, require a better understanding of disease emergence and mechanisms of progression through systems medicine approaches. RNA-level analyses generate new information that can help in understanding the mechanisms behind disease pathogenesis, to identify new biomarkers and therapeutic targets and in new drug discovery. Whole RNA sequencing and coding and non-coding RNA expression array datasets have shed light on the mechanisms underlying disease progression and have identified mRNAs, miRNAs, and lncRNAs involved in ovarian cancer progression. In addition, the results from these analyses indicate that various signalling pathways and biological processes are associated with ovarian cancer. Here, we present a comprehensive literature review on RNA-based ovarian cancer research and highlight the benefits of integrative approaches within the systems biomedicine concept for future ovarian cancer research. We invite the ovarian cancer and systems biomedicine research fields to join forces to achieve the interdisciplinary caliber and rigor required to find real-life solutions to common, devastating, and complex diseases such as ovarian cancer. ABBREVIATIONS CAF: cancer-associated fibroblasts; COG: Cluster of Orthologous Groups; DEA: disease enrichment analysis; EOC: epithelial ovarian carcinoma; ESCC: oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma; GSI: gamma secretase inhibitor; GO: Gene Ontology; GSEA: gene set enrichment analyzes; HAS: Hungarian Academy of Sciences; lncRNAs: long non-coding RNAs; MAPK/ERK: mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinases; NGS: next-generation sequencing; ncRNAs: non-coding RNAs; OvC: ovarian cancer; PI3K/Akt/mTOR: phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin; RT-PCR: real-time polymerase chain reaction; SNP: single nucleotide polymorphism; TF: transcription factor; TGF-β: transforming growth factor-β.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Gov
- a Department of Bioengineering , Marmara University , Istanbul , Turkey.,b Department of Bioengineering , Adana Science and Technology University , Adana , Turkey
| | - Medi Kori
- a Department of Bioengineering , Marmara University , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Kazim Yalcin Arga
- a Department of Bioengineering , Marmara University , Istanbul , Turkey
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20
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Lee HG, Shin SJ, Chung HW, Kwon SH, Cha SD, Lee JE, Cho CH. Salinomycin reduces stemness and induces apoptosis on human ovarian cancer stem cell. J Gynecol Oncol 2016; 28:e14. [PMID: 27894167 PMCID: PMC5323284 DOI: 10.3802/jgo.2017.28.e14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 10/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Cancer stem cells (CSCs) represent a subpopulation of undifferentiated tumorigenic cells thought to be responsible for tumor initiation, maintenance, drug resistance, and metastasis. The role of CSCs in drug resistance and relapse of cancers could significantly affect outcomes of ovarian cancer patient. Therefore, therapies that target CSCs could be a promising approach for ovarian cancer treatment. The antibiotic salinomycin has recently been shown to deplete CSCs. In this study, we evaluated the effect of salinomycin on ovarian cancer stem cells (OCSCs), both alone and in combination with paclitaxel (PTX). Methods The CD44+CD117+CSCs were obtained from the ascitic fluid of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer by using an immune magnetic-activated cell sorting system. OCSCs were treated with PTX and salinomycin either singly or in combination. Cell viability and apoptosis assays were performed and spheroid-forming ability was measured. The expression of sex determining region Y-box 2 (SOX2) and octamer-binding transcription factor 3/4 (OCT3/4) mRNA was determined using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and protein expression was observed using western blot analysis. Results Treatment with salinomycin alone reduced the stemness marker expression and spheroid-forming ability of OCSCs. Treatment with PTX alone did not decrease the viability of OCSCs. Treatment with a combination of salinomycin decreased the viability of OCSCs and promoted cell apoptosis. The enhancement of combination treatment was achieved through the apoptosis as determined by annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) staining, caspase-3 activity, and DNA fragmentation assay. Conclusion Based on our findings, combining salinomycin with other anti-cancer therapeutic agents holds promise as an ovarian cancer treatment approach that can target OCSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Gyo Lee
- Institute for Cancer Research, Keimyung University, School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - So Jin Shin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keimyung University, School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hye Won Chung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keimyung University, School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Kwon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keimyung University, School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Soon Do Cha
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keimyung University, School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jin Eui Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Chi Heum Cho
- Institute for Cancer Research, Keimyung University, School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keimyung University, School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
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21
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Karatas OF, Suer I, Yuceturk B, Yilmaz M, Oz B, Guven G, Cansiz H, Creighton CJ, Ittmann M, Ozen M. Identification of microRNA profile specific to cancer stem-like cells directly isolated from human larynx cancer specimens. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:853. [PMID: 27816053 PMCID: PMC5097853 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2863-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Emerging evidences proposed that microRNAs are associated with regulation of distinct physio-pathological processes including development of normal stem cells and carcinogenesis. In this study we aimed to investigate microRNA profile of cancer stem-like cells (CSLCs) isolated form freshly resected larynx cancer (LCa) tissue samples. Methods CD133 positive (CD133+) stem-like cells were isolated from freshly resected LCa tumor specimens. MicroRNA profile of 12 pair of CD133+ and CD133− cells was determined using microRNA microarray and differential expressions of selvected microRNAs were validated by quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR). Results MicroRNA profiling of CD133+ and CD133− LCa samples with microarray revealed that miR-26b, miR-203, miR-200c, and miR-363-3p were significantly downregulated and miR-1825 was upregulated in CD133+ larynx CSLCs. qRT-PCR analysis in a total of 25 CD133+/CD133− sample pairs confirmed the altered expressions of these five microRNAs. Expressions of miR-26b, miR-200c, and miR-203 were significantly correlated with miR-363-3p, miR-203, and miR-363-3p expressions, respectively. Furthermore, in silico analysis revealed that these microRNAs target both cancer and stem-cell associated signaling pathways. Conclusions Our results showed that certain microRNAs in CD133+ cells could be used as cancer stem cell markers. Based on these results, we propose that this panel of microRNAs might carry crucial roles in LCa pathogenesis through regulating stem cell properties of tumor cells. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-016-2863-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omer Faruk Karatas
- Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ilknur Suer
- Department of Medical Genetics, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Betul Yuceturk
- Department of Medical Genetics, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul, Turkey.,Advanced Genomics and Bioinformatics Research Center, The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK), Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Yilmaz
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Buge Oz
- Department of Pathology, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gulgun Guven
- Department of Medical Genetics, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Harun Cansiz
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Chad J Creighton
- Department of Medicine and Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center Division of Biostatistics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael Ittmann
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Michael E. DeBakey VAMC, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Mustafa Ozen
- Department of Medical Genetics, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul, Turkey. .,Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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22
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Duan Y, Chen Q. TGF-β1 regulating miR-205/miR-195 expression affects the TGF-β signal pathway by respectively targeting SMAD2/SMAD7. Oncol Rep 2016; 36:1837-44. [PMID: 27574009 PMCID: PMC5022901 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.5023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) proteins are important cytokines in the occurrence and development of tumors. However, its neural functions in glioma are still not understood. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of TGF-β1 on glioma cell line U87. miR-205 and miR-195 were involved in TGF-β1 signaling pathway. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to detect miR-205 and miR-195 levels in human glioma tissue samples and U87 cells treated with different concentrations of TGF-β1. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to determine TGF-β1 in the glioma patients peripheral blood. In vitro, U87 cells were transfected with mimics or inhibitors of miR-205 and miR-195. SMAD proteins were assayed by western blotting. Luciferase assay and co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP)were used to determine the relationships between miR-205 and SMAD2, miR-195 and SMAD7. Effects of miR-205 and miR-195 on glioma cell proliferation and invasion using colony forming and cell migration assays. It was shown that miR-205 was decreased in glioma tissue, but miR-195 and TGF-β1 was increased. In addition, TGF-β1 concentration was negatively correlated with miR-205 mRNA level, but positively correlated with miR-195 mRNA. In addition, miR-205 was downregulated and miR-195 was upregulated by TGF-β1 in a dose-dependent manner. miR-205 and miR-195 targeted and inhibited SMAD2 and SMAD7 expression, respectively, in U87. High expression of miR-205 but not miR-195 reduced SMAD2 and SMAD4 heteromer formation. In addition, it was also shown that miR-205 overexpression inhibited U87 proliferation and invasion efficiently. All the results suggested that miR-205 and miR-195 participated in the TGF-β1 signaling pathway and showed opposite effects in glioma. These findings contribute to the understanding of TGF-β1 function in glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjun Duan
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Qianxue Chen
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
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Wang WJ, Sui H, Qi C, Li Q, Zhang J, Wu SF, Mei MZ, Lu YY, Wan YT, Chang H, Guo PT. Ursolic acid inhibits proliferation and reverses drug resistance of ovarian cancer stem cells by downregulating ABCG2 through suppressing the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in vitro. Oncol Rep 2016; 36:428-40. [PMID: 27221674 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.4813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia in tumors is closely related to drug resistance. It has not been verified whether hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) or ABCG2 is related to hypoxia-induced resistance. Ursolic acid (UA), when used in combination with cisplatin can significantly increase the sensitivity of ovarian cancer stem cells (CSCs) to cisplatin, but the exact mechanism is unknown. The cell growth inhibitory rate of cisplatin under different conditions was evaluated using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) in adherence and sphere cells (SKOV3, A2780, and HEY). The expression of HIF-1α and ABCG2 was tested using quantitative PCR, western blotting, and immuno-fluorescence under different culture conditions and treated with UA. Knockdown of HIF-1α by shRNA and LY294002 was used to inhibit the activity of PI3K/Akt pathway. Ovarian CSCs express stemness-related genes and drug resistance significantly higher than normal adherent cells. Under hypoxic conditions, the ovarian CSCs grew faster and were more drug resistant than under normoxia. UA could inhibit proliferation and reverse the drug resistance of ovarian CSC by suppressing ABCG2 and HIF-1α under different culture conditions. HIF-1α inhibitor YC-1 combined with UA suppressed the stemness genes and ABCG2 under hypoxic condition. The PI3K/Akt signaling pathway activation plays an important functional role in UA-induced downregulation of HIF-1α and reduction of ABCG2. UA inhibits the proliferation and reversal of drug resistance in ovarian CSCs by suppressing the expression of downregulation of HIF-1α and ABCG2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jing Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Hua Sui
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Cong Qi
- Department of Gynecology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Science and Technology, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Shao-Fei Wu
- Department of Hepatopathy, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Zhu Mei
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Yu Lu
- Department of Gynecology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Ting Wan
- Department of Gynecology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Hannah Chang
- Department of Gynecology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Piao-Ting Guo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
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Fang Z, Dai W, Wang X, Chen W, Shen C, Ye G, Li L. Circulating miR-205: a promising biomarker for the detection and prognosis evaluation of bladder cancer. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:8075-82. [PMID: 26715266 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4698-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA) expression profile analysis indicated that miR-205 was upregulated in bladder cancer tissue compared to healthy tissue. The aim of this study is to analyze value of circulating miR-205 for the detection and prognosis evaluation of bladder cancer (BC). Eighty-nine patients with BC and 56 healthy controls (HC) were enrolled in the study. miR-205 expression was determined using TaqMan quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assay and further correlated with patients' clinicopathological parameters and follow-up data. The results indicated that plasma miR-205 was upregulated in BC compared with HC (P < 0.001) and in muscle invasive BC (MIBC) compared to nonmuscle invasive BC (NMIBC) (P = 0.016). miR-205 yielded an area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve of 0.950 with 76.4 % sensitivity and 96.4 % specificity in discriminating BC from HC, and 0.668 with 57.1 % sensitivity and 77.0 % specificity in distinguishing MIBC from NMIBC. Plasma miR-205 expression was significantly associated with tumor stage (P < 0.001) and pathological grade (P = 0.048). The results indicated that BC patients with high miR-205 expression experienced shorter disease-free survival and disease-specific survival (P = 0.022 and P = 0.026; P = 0.027 and P = 0.034; respectively), which was not proven by multivariate Cox regression analysis (multi-Cox) (P = 0.0765 and P = 0.279, respectively). Log-rank test showed that NMIBC patients with high miR-205 expression experienced shorter cancer-free survival (P = 0.044). Log-rank test and univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses did not indicate that high miR-205 expression in NMIBC patients was associated with cancer-specific survival (P = 0.079, P = 0.089, and P = 0.201, respectively). In conclusion, miR-205 may be a promising biomarker for the detection and prognosis evaluation of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenqiang Fang
- Department of Urology, Center of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Wei Dai
- Chongqing Petroleum Hospital, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Xiangwei Wang
- Department of Urology, Center of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Urology, Center of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Chongxin Shen
- Department of Urology, Center of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Gang Ye
- Department of Urology, Center of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Longkun Li
- Department of Urology, Center of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China.
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Yata K, Beder LB, Tamagawa S, Hotomi M, Hirohashi Y, Grenman R, Yamanaka N. MicroRNA expression profiles of cancer stem cells in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Oncol 2015; 47:1249-56. [PMID: 26323893 PMCID: PMC4583533 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2015.3145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that cancer stem cells have essential roles in tumor initiation, progression, metastasis and resistance to chemo-radiation. Recent research has pointed out biological importance of microRNAs in cancer stem cell dysregulation. Total number of mature microRNAs in human genome increased to more than 2,500 with the recent up-date of the database. However, currently no information is available regarding microRNA expression profiles of cancer stem cells in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Increased ALDH1 activity has been demonstrated as a reliable marker for isolation of cancer stem cells. Therefore, we evaluated the microRNA expression profile of ALDH1-high subpopulations in the HNSCC cell lines UTSCC-9 and UTSCC-90. Initially, we examined cancer stem cell properties of ALDH1-high subpopulations in both cell lines. We analyzed expression of stemness markers, sphere formation capacity and xenograft transplantation into NOD/SCID mice. Our findings validated that ALDH1-high subpopulations showed significantly increased tumor-initiating ability. Furthermore, we investigated the microRNA expression profile of HNSCC stem cells using microRNA array and confirmed the results by quantitative real-time PCR. We found that expressions of miR‑424, let-7a, miR‑6836, miR‑6873 and miR‑7152 were downregulated, whereas miR‑147b was upregulated with statistical significance in the ALDH1-high subpopulation. In conclusion, we identified a subset of microRNAs that were differentially expressed in ALDH1-high subpopulation, providing new microRNA targets to study dysregulation of HNSCC-initiating cells and develop therapeutic strategies aimed at eradicating the tumorigenic stem cells in HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Yata
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
| | - Levent Bekir Beder
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
| | - Shunji Tamagawa
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
| | - Muneki Hotomi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Hirohashi
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Reidar Grenman
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Department of Medical Biochemistry, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Noboru Yamanaka
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
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Jiang J, Li Z, Yu C, Chen M, Tian S, Sun C. MiR-1181 inhibits stem cell-like phenotypes and suppresses SOX2 and STAT3 in human pancreatic cancer. Cancer Lett 2014; 356:962-70. [PMID: 25444909 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Revised: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that cancer stem cells (CSCs) play an important role in the development of pancreatic cancer. Multiple oncogenes and signaling pathways have been confirmed to participate in the stemness maintenance and tumorigenicity of CSCs, including sex-determining region Y-box 2 (SOX2) and signal transduction and activation of transcription 3 (STAT3), which may provide novel therapeutic targets on pancreatic cancer. Here, we reported in pancreatic cancer tissues and cells that miR-1181 expression was markedly downregulated, and the low miR-1181 expression was associated with poorer overall survival and disease-free survival in pancreatic cancer patients. Furthermore, overexpression of miR-1181 inhibited, whereas downregulation of miR-1181 promoted, CSCs-like phenotypes in vitro and tumorigenicity in vivo in pancreatic cancer cells. Moreover, we demonstrated that miR-1181 directly suppressed SOX2 and STAT3 expression, resulting in downregulation of SOX2 and inhibition of the STAT3 pathway. Hence, our results suggest that miR-1181 plays a vital role in inhibiting the CSCs-like phenotypes in pancreatic cancer and might represent a potential target for anti-pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxin Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Zhu Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Chao Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Meiyuan Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Se Tian
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Chengyi Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang 550004, China.
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Bao B, Azmi AS, Ali S, Zaiem F, Sarkar FH. Metformin may function as anti-cancer agent via targeting cancer stem cells: the potential biological significance of tumor-associated miRNAs in breast and pancreatic cancers. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2014; 2:59. [PMID: 25333034 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2305-5839.2014.06.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Metformin is one of the most used diabetic drugs for the management of type II diabetes mellitus (DM) in the world. Increased numbers of epidemiological and clinical studies have provided convincing evidence supporting the role of metformin in the development and progression of a variety of human tumors including breast and pancreatic cancer. Substantial pre-clinical evidence from in vitro and in vivo experimental studies strongly suggests that metformin has an anti-cancer activity mediated through the regulation of several cell signaling pathways including activation of AMP kinase (AMPK), and other direct and indirect mechanisms; however, the detailed mechanism(s) has not yet been fully understood. The concept of cancer stem cells (CSCs) has gained significant attention in recent years due its identification and defining its clinical implications in many different tumors including breast cancer and pancreatic cancer. In this review, we will discuss the protective role of metformin in the development of breast and pancreatic cancers. We will further discuss the role of metformin as an anti-cancer agent, which is in part mediated through targeting CSCs. Finally, we will discuss the potential role of metformin in the modulation of tumor-associated or CSC-associated microRNAs (miRNAs) as part of the novel mechanism of action of metformin in the development and progression of breast and pancreatic cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Bao
- 1 Department of Pathology, 2 Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Asfar S Azmi
- 1 Department of Pathology, 2 Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Shadan Ali
- 1 Department of Pathology, 2 Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Feras Zaiem
- 1 Department of Pathology, 2 Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Fazlul H Sarkar
- 1 Department of Pathology, 2 Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
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Ahmed N, Abubaker K, Findlay JK. Ovarian cancer stem cells: Molecular concepts and relevance as therapeutic targets. Mol Aspects Med 2014; 39:110-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2013.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2013] [Revised: 06/12/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Wen KC, Sung PL, Yen MS, Chuang CM, Liou WS, Wang PH. MicroRNAs regulate several functions of normal tissues and malignancies. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2014; 52:465-9. [PMID: 24411027 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2013.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2013] [Accepted: 08/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) are a cluster of naturally occurring small non-coding RNA molecules of 19-24 nucleotides in length. miRs control gene expression post-transcriptionally by binding to a specific site at the 3'-UTR of target mRNA, which results in mRNA cleavage and translation repression. Nearly 1000 miRs in the human genome have been identified, and it is believed that these miRs contribute to at least 60% of the human transcriptome. Recent research has shown that miRs are emerging as important regulators of cellular differentiation and dedifferentiation. In addition, dysregulation of miR expression may play a fundamental role in the onset, progression and dissemination of cancers. In this review, we focus on some paradigms of miR involvement in tumorigenesis, such as ovarian cancer, and also discuss the relationship between miRs and cancer stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Chang Wen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Ling Sung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shyen Yen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Mu Chuang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Shiung Liou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Peng-Hui Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Immunology Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Infection and Immunity Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Perry MM, Tsitsiou E, Austin PJ, Lindsay MA, Gibeon DS, Adcock IM, Chung KF. Role of non-coding RNAs in maintaining primary airway smooth muscle cells. Respir Res 2014; 15:58. [PMID: 24886442 PMCID: PMC4039655 DOI: 10.1186/1465-9921-15-58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The airway smooth muscle (ASM) cell maintains its own proliferative rate and contributes to the inflammatory response in the airways, effects that are inhibited by corticosteroids, used in the treatment of airways diseases. Objective We determined the differential expression of mRNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNA species (lncRNAs) in primary ASM cells following treatment with a corticosteroid, dexamethasone, and fetal calf serum (FCS). Methods mRNA, miRNA and lncRNA expression was measured by microarray and quantitative real-time PCR. Results A small number of miRNAs (including miR-150, −371-5p, −718, −940, −1181, −1207-5p, −1915, and −3663-3p) were decreased following exposure to dexamethasone and FCS. The mRNA targets of these miRNAs were increased in expression. The changes in mRNA expression were associated with regulation of ASM actin cytoskeleton. We also observed changes in expression of lncRNAs, including natural antisense, pseudogenes, intronic lncRNAs, and intergenic lncRNAs following dexamethasone and FCS. We confirmed the change in expression of three of these, LINC00882, LINC00883, PVT1, and its transcriptional activator, c-MYC. We propose that four of these lincRNAs (RP11-46A10.4, LINC00883, BCYRN1, and LINC00882) act as miRNA ‘sponges’ for 4 miRNAs (miR-150, −371-5p, −940, −1207-5p). Conclusion This in-vitro model of primary ASM cell phenotype was associated with the regulation of several ncRNAs. Their identification allows for in-vitro functional experimentation to establish causality with the primary ASM phenotype, and in airway diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark M Perry
- Experimental Studies, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London & Royal Brompton NIHR Biomedical Research Unit, Dovehouse Street, London SW3 6LY, UK.
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MicroRNAs are involved in the self-renewal and differentiation of cancer stem cells. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2013; 34:1374-80. [PMID: 24122008 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2013.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2013] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules, whose primary function is to regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional/translational levels. MiRNAs play crucial roles in normal biological processes and are commonly dys-regulated in human diseases. Stem cells are regarded as the "mother" cells of all types of differentiated cells that comprise tissues and organs of the body. A novel hypothesis proposes that tumors are composed of heterogeneous cells derived from cancer stem cells, which have self-renewal and differentiation capabilities similar to those of normal stem cells. Cancer stem cells have been isolated and characterized from various tumors. Given recent studies supporting the critical regulatory roles of miRNAs in the self-renewal and differentiation of cancer stem cells, better understanding the functions of miRNAs will provide invaluable insights into the prevention of tumorigenesis and tumor progression. In this review, we will summarize the research progress in the study of miRNAs involved in the self-renewal and differentiation of cancer stem cells.
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Liu Z, Gersbach E, Zhang X, Xu X, Dong R, Lee P, Liu J, Kong B, Shao C, Wei JJ. miR-106a represses the Rb tumor suppressor p130 to regulate cellular proliferation and differentiation in high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma. Mol Cancer Res 2013; 11:1314-25. [PMID: 24045973 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-13-0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The degree of differentiation in human cancers generally reflects the degree of malignancy, with the most undifferentiated cancer being also the highest grade and the most aggressive. High-grade serous ovarian carcinomas (HGSOC) are poorly differentiated and fast-growing malignancies. The molecular mechanisms underlying the poor differentiation of HGSOC has not been completely characterized. Evidence suggests that miRNA, miR are dysregulated in HGSOC. Therefore, we focused on those miRNAs that are relevant to tumor differentiation. Expression profiling of miRNAs in HGSOC, indicated miR-106a and its family members were significantly upregulated. Upregulation of miR-106a was further validated by real-time reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR) and miRNA in situ hybridization in a large cohort of HGSOC specimens. Overexpression of miR-106a in benign and malignant ovarian cells significantly increased the cellular proliferation rate and expanded the side-population fraction. In particular, SKOV3 cells with miR-106a overexpression had significantly higher tumor initial/stem cell population (CD24- and CD133-positive cells) than control SKOV3 cells. Among many miR-106a predicated target genes, p130 (RBL2), an retinoblastoma (Rb) tumor suppressor family member, was not only confirmed as a specific target of miR-106a but also related to tumor growth and differentiation. The importance of mir-106a and RBL2 was further demonstrated in vivo, in which, SKOV3 cells overexpressing miR-106a formed poorly differentiated carcinomas and had reduced RBL2 levels. To our knowledge, this is the first study of miR-106a mediating proliferation and tumor differentiation in HGSOC. IMPLICATIONS The current study suggests that the RB tumor suppressor pathway is a critical regulator of growth and differentiation in HGSOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaojian Liu
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Feinberg 7-334, 251 East Huron Street, Chicago, IL 60611.
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Chung WM, Chang WC, Chen L, Chang YY, Shyr CR, Hung YC, Ma WL. MicroRNA-21 promotes the ovarian teratocarcinoma PA1 cell line by sustaining cancer stem/progenitor populations in vitro. Stem Cell Res Ther 2013; 4:88. [PMID: 23890123 PMCID: PMC3854706 DOI: 10.1186/scrt247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2013] [Accepted: 07/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Resistance of cancer stem/progenitor cells (CSPCs) to chemotherapy can lead to cancer relapse. Ovarian teratocarcinoma (OVTC) arises from germ cells and comprises pluripotent cells that can be used to study cancer cell stemness. In this study, we evaluated whether microRNA-21 (miR-21) promotes ovarian teratocarcinoma by maintaining cancer stem/progenitor populations. METHODS The lentiviral delivery system was used to upregulate or to suppress the expression of miR-21 in the human ovarian teratocarcinoma cell line PA1 and cell growth assays were used to monitor the expression of miR-21 at different time points. Antibodies directed toward CD133, a stem cell marker, were used to identify CSPCs in the PA1 cell population, and the level of miR-21 expression was determined in enriched CSPCs. Stem cell functional assays (sphere assay and assays for CD133 expression) were used to assess the effects of miR-21 on progression of the CD133+ population. RESULTS Knockdown of miR-21 in PA1 cells attenuated growth of PA1 cells whereas overexpression of miR-21 promoted cell growth. Moreover, knockdown of miR-21 resulted in a marked reduction in the CD133+ population and sphere formation of CSPCs. In contrast, overexpression of miR-21 resulted in a marked increase in the population of CD133+ cells as well as sphere formation of CSPCs. CONCLUSIONS MicroRNA-21 plays a significant role in cancer growth by regulating stemness in cancer cells.
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Hou SX, Ding BJ, Li HZ, Wang L, Xia F, Du F, Liu LJ, Liu YH, Liu XD, Jia JF, Li L, Wu ZL, Zhao G, Zhang ZG, Deng YC. Identification of microRNA-205 as a potential prognostic indicator for human glioma. J Clin Neurosci 2013; 20:933-7. [PMID: 23683741 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2012.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2012] [Revised: 10/10/2012] [Accepted: 10/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Altered microRNA-205 (miR-205) expression has been found in glioma tissue samples and cell lines; however, the clinical significance of this is unclear. The aim of this study was to confirm the miR-205 expression pattern in human glioma and to investigate its clinical relevance. Quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction assays showed that miR-205 expression was significantly lower in glioma tissues than in non-neoplastic brain tissues (P<0.001). Statistical analysis revealed a significant correlation between low miR-205 expression and both high grade glioma (World Health Organization [WHO] criteria, P=0.008) and a low Karnofsky performance status score (P=0.02). Survival analysis demonstrated that the cumulative 5-year overall survival rate of patients with glioma in the high miR-205 expression group was significantly higher than that in the low miR-205 expression group (P<0.001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis further indicated that miR-205 expression (P=0.01) and WHO grade (P=0.01) were independent prognostic indicators of the overall survival of patients with glioma. Moreover, subgroup analyses revealed that the cumulative 5-year overall survival rate of patients with high grade (III-IV) glioma was significantly worse for the low miR-205 expression group than for the high miR-205 expression group (P<0.001), but no significant difference was found for patients with low grade (I-II) glioma (P=0.09). In conclusion, down-regulation of miR-205 was associated with glioma progression. Our data are the first to suggest that miR-205 holds potential as a prognostic factor for glioma, especially for patients with advanced disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang-xing Hou
- Department of Neurology, Xi-jing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Chang Le Road, Xi'an 710032, China
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Kwon MJ, Shin YK. Regulation of ovarian cancer stem cells or tumor-initiating cells. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:6624-48. [PMID: 23528891 PMCID: PMC3645658 DOI: 10.3390/ijms14046624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2013] [Revised: 03/08/2013] [Accepted: 03/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells or tumor-initiating cells (CSC/TICs), which can undergo self-renewal and differentiation, are thought to play critical roles in tumorigenesis, therapy resistance, tumor recurrence and metastasis. Tumor recurrence and chemoresistance are major causes of poor survival rates of ovarian cancer patients, which may be due in part to the existence of CSC/TICs. Therefore, elucidating the molecular mechanisms responsible for the ovarian CSC/TICs is required to develop a cure for this malignancy. Recent studies have indicated that the properties of CSC/TICs can be regulated by microRNAs, genes and signaling pathways which also function in normal stem cells. Moreover, emerging evidence suggests that the tumor microenvironments surrounding CSC/TICs are crucial for the maintenance of these cells. Similarly, efforts are now being made to unravel the mechanism involved in the regulation of ovarian CSC/TICs, although much work is still needed. This review considers recent advances in identifying the genes and pathways involved in the regulation of ovarian CSC/TICs. Furthermore, current approaches targeting ovarian CSC/TICs are described. Targeting both CSC/TICs and bulk tumor cells is suggested as a more effective approach to eliminating ovarian tumors. Better understanding of the regulation of ovarian CSC/TICs might facilitate the development of improved therapeutic strategies for recurrent ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Jeong Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 702-701, Korea
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 702-701, Korea
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed: E-Mails: (M.J.K.); (Y.K.S.); Tel.: +82-53-950-8581 (M.J.K.); +82-2-880-9126 (Y.K.S.); Fax: +82-53-950-8557 (M.J.K.); +82-2-883-9126 (Y.K.S.)
| | - Young Kee Shin
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Cancer Genomics, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea
- Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 443-270, Korea
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed: E-Mails: (M.J.K.); (Y.K.S.); Tel.: +82-53-950-8581 (M.J.K.); +82-2-880-9126 (Y.K.S.); Fax: +82-53-950-8557 (M.J.K.); +82-2-883-9126 (Y.K.S.)
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MicroRNAs overexpressed in ovarian ALDH1-positive cells are associated with chemoresistance. J Ovarian Res 2013; 6:18. [PMID: 23522567 PMCID: PMC3637599 DOI: 10.1186/1757-2215-6-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian carcinoma is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide among gynecological malignancies, and the majority of cases are related with recurrence and chemoresistance. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are believed to be one of the causes of recurrent or chemoresistant ovarian cancer, and microRNAs are regulatory molecules newly implicated to control a variety of cellular processes, including CSCs. Therefore, we identified ovarian CSC-specific microRNAs and investigated their clinicopathological implication in ovarian carcinomas. METHODS We isolated ALDH1 (+) cell population using the Aldefluor assay, and examined the differential expression pattern of miRNAs between ALDH1 (+) and ALDH1 (-) cells using a high-throughput microRNA microarray. We further investigated the expression patterns of differentially expressed miRNAs in human ovarian cancer samples using the real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and analyzed their clinical impact in patients with ovarian cancer. RESULTS We found that high ALDH1 expression was associated with chemoresistance in in vitro and ex vivo samples (p = 0.024). We identified six miRNAs, including miR-23b, miR-27a, miR-27b, miR-346, miR-424, and miR-503, overexpressed in ALDH1 (+) cells, and they were significantly upregulated in chemoresistant ovarian cancer cells (1.4 ~ 3.5-fold) and tumor samples (2.8 ~ 5.5-fold) compared with chemosensitive group. Upregulation of ALDH1 (p = 0.019) and miR-503 (p = 0.033) correlated with high clinical stage, and upregulation of miR-27a was related with distant metastasis (p = 0.046) in patients with ovarian cancer. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that ALDH1 is a useful marker for enriching ovarian CSCs, and high expression of ALDH1 and its related miRNAs, particularly miR-23b, miR-27b, miR-424, and miR-503, are significantly implicated in chemoresistance and tumor progression in ovarian cancer.
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MicroRNAs regulate both epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and cancer stem cells. Oncogene 2013; 33:269-78. [PMID: 23455327 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2013.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2012] [Revised: 01/18/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Concepts and experimental models derived from basic research have been successfully applied to the field of molecular oncology, tremendously increasing our knowledge of the nature and the progression of tumors. The process of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, the cancer stem cell hypothesis, and their functional association and interdependence represent some of the most significant examples. The molecular determinants underlying the plasticity of cancers are currently the object of extensive research efforts, and a substantial body of evidence suggests that these models can be connected by the regulatory role of microRNAs, small noncoding RNA molecules with a fundamental role in many cellular functions. This review will highlight and discuss this link and its possible implications for the fight against cancer.
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MiR-205 in cancer: an angel or a devil? Eur J Cell Biol 2012; 92:54-60. [PMID: 23279926 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2012.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2012] [Revised: 10/20/2012] [Accepted: 11/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (MiRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate their target genes expression at the post-transcriptional level. As accumulating properties of miR-205 have been identified, complex roles of miR-205 in tumor initiation and progression are emerging. MiR-205 acts either as a tumor suppressor through inhibiting proliferation and invasion, or as an oncogene through facilitating tumor initiation and proliferation, depending on the specific tumor context and target genes. In this review, we focus on the properties of miR-205 in cancers to shed light on better management of various fatal malignancies. Moreover, we discuss epigenetics that may account for the fluctuation of miR-205 expression. In addition, we sketch a network of miR-205 and its targets to further elucidate the mechanisms through which miR-205 exerts its multiple functions.
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Malecki M, Anderson M, Beauchaine M, Seo S, Tombokan X, Malecki R. TRA-1-60 +, SSEA-4 +, Oct4A +, Nanog + Clones of Pluripotent Stem Cells in the Embryonal Carcinomas of the Ovaries. JOURNAL OF STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY 2012; 2:130. [PMID: 23293749 PMCID: PMC3535320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Embryonal carcinoma of the ovary (ECO), pure or admixed to other tumors, is the deadly gynecological cancer. SPECIFIC AIM The specific aim of this work was identification, isolation, clonal expansion, and molecular profiling of the pluripotent cells in the embryonal carcinomas of the ovaries. PATIENTS METHODS The samples were acquired from the patients, who were clinically and histopathologically diagnosed with the advanced, pure embryonal carcinomas of the ovaries. The cell surface display of the TRA-1-60 and SSEA-4 was analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM), immunoblotting (IB), multiphoton fluorescence spectroscopy (MPFS), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMRS), and total reflection x-ray spectroscopy (TRXFS). The transcripts of the Oct4A and Nanog were analyzed by qRTPCR and MPFS and the products by MPFS. The human pluripotent, embryonic stem cells (ESC), human pluripotent, embryonal carcinoma of the testes (ECT), healthy tissues of the ovary (HTO), healthy tissue of testes (HTT), peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), and bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMC) served as the controls. RESULTS The studied embryonal carcinomas of the ovaries (ECOs) contained the cells with the strong surface display of the TRA-1-60 and SSEA-4, which was similar to the pluripotent ESC and ECT. Their morphology was consistent with the histopathological diagnosis. Moreover, these cells showed strong expression of the Oct4A and Nanog, which was similar to the pluripotent ESC and ECT. The ECO cells formed embryoid bodies, which differentiated into ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. These cells were induced to differentiate into muscles, epithelia, and neurons. CONCLUSION Herein, we revealed presence and identified molecular profiles of the clones of the pluripotent stem cells in the embryonal carcinomas of the ovaries. These results should help us with refining molecular diagnoses of these deadly neoplasms and design biomarker-targeted, patient-centered, personalized therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Malecki
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- Phoenix Biomolecular Engineering Foundation, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mark Anderson
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- National Institutes of Health, National Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Facility, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | | | | | - Raf Malecki
- San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Foster R, Buckanovich RJ, Rueda BR. Ovarian cancer stem cells: working towards the root of stemness. Cancer Lett 2012; 338:147-57. [PMID: 23138176 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2012.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2012] [Revised: 10/17/2012] [Accepted: 10/25/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite medical advances made over the past decade, ovarian cancer remains one of the more lethal gynecologic cancers in the United States. While current therapeutic strategies are relatively effective, there is a high incidence of recurrent chemoresistant disease. This has been attributed, in part, to a regenerative tumor cell sub-population that has acquired stem cell properties which allows these cells to escape standard chemotherapeutics and drive recurrent disease. To date, a number of laboratories have identified these cancer stem cell (CSC) sub-populations in ovarian cancer cell lines, tumors or ascites and the collective findings suggest ovarian CSCs are likely to be as heterogeneous as the disease itself. Moreover, the multiple ovarian histophenotypes and possible sites of disease origin together with the potential for differential hierarchal contributions of multiple CSCs populations represent significant challenges to the identification, functional characterization and therapeutic targeting of ovarian CSC. This review will highlight the markers and methodology currently used to identify and isolate these cells. We will discuss some of the underlying ovarian CSC biology, the signaling pathways implicated in their survival, replication and differentiation and potential therapeutic targeting strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosemary Foster
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, United States
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