Knowledge sharing among healthcare infection preventionists: the impact of public health professionals in a rural state

Quantitative methods of identifying the key nodes in the illegal wildlife trade network

Innovative approaches are needed to combat the illegal trade in wildlife. Here, we used network analysis and a new database, HealthMap Wildlife Trade, to identify the key nodes (countries) that support the illegal wildlife trade. We identified key exporters and importers from the number of shipments a country sent and received and from the number of connections a country had to other countries over a given time period. We used flow betweenness centrality measurements to identify key intermediary countries. We found the set of nodes whose removal from the network would cause the maximum disruption to the network. Selecting six nodes would fragment 89.5% of the network for elephants, 92.3% for rhinoceros, and 98.1% for tigers. We then found sets of nodes that would best disseminate an educational message via direct connections through the network. We would need to select 18 nodes to reach 100% of the elephant trade network, 16 nodes for rhinoceros, and 10 for tigers. Although the choice of locations for interventions should be customized for the animal and the goal of the intervention, China was the most frequently selected country for network fragmentation and information dissemination. Identification of key countries will help strategize illegal wildlife trade interventions.

The role of infection prevention conferences to build and maintain knowledge-sharing networks: a longitudinal evaluation

Well-connected knowledge-sharing networks (KSNs) of infection preventionists are vital to the profession. Face-to-face networking during conferences is considered critical to build and maintain KSNs; however, this has never been formally studied. We used a pre-post survey design to evaluate the effect of a regional infection prevention meeting on the KSNs. We found that the meeting did not alter the KSNs of infection preventionists. Current meeting structures should be re-evaluated with a goal to improve KSNs.