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Zhong H, Jin Y. Multifunctional Roles of MicroRNAs in Schistosomiasis. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:925386. [PMID: 35756064 PMCID: PMC9218868 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.925386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease that is caused by helminths of the genus Schistosoma. The dioecious schistosomes mate and lay eggs after undergoing a complex life cycle. Schistosome eggs are mostly responsible for the transmission of schistosomiasis and chronic fibrotic disease induced by egg antigens is the main cause of the high mortality rate. Currently, chemotherapy with praziquantel (PZQ) is the only effective treatment against schistosomiasis, although the potential of drug resistance remains a concern. Hence, there is an urgent demand for new and effective strategies to combat schistosomiasis, which is the second most prevalent parasitic disease after malaria. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that play pivotal regulatory roles in many organisms, including the development and sexual maturation of schistosomes. Thus, miRNAs are potential targets for treatment of schistosomiasis. Moreover, miRNAs can serve as multifunctional “nano-tools” for cross-species delivery in order to regulate host-parasite interactions. In this review, the multifunctional roles of miRNAs in the growth and development of schistosomes are discussed. The various regulatory functions of host-derived and worm-derived miRNAs on the progression of schistosomiasis are also thoroughly addressed, especially the promotional and inhibitory effects on schistosome-induced liver fibrosis. Additionally, the potential of miRNAs as biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of schistosomiasis is considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Zhong
- National Reference Laboratory for Animal Schistosomiasis, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yamei Jin
- National Reference Laboratory for Animal Schistosomiasis, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
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2
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Comparative characterization of microRNAs of Schistosoma japonicum from SCID mice and BALB/c mice: Clues to the regulation of parasite growth and development. Acta Trop 2022; 225:106200. [PMID: 34740636 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2021.106200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Schistosomiasis, caused by a parasite with a wide range of mammalian hosts, remains one of the most prevailing parasitic diseases in the world. While numerous studies have reported that the growth and reproduction of schistosomes in immunodeficient mice was significantly retarded, the underlying molecular mechanisms have yet to be revealed. In this study, we comparatively analyzed the microRNA expression of Schistosoma japonicum derived from SCID and BALB/c mice on the 35th day post-infection by high-throughput RNA sequencing as prominent morphological abnormalities had been observed in schistosomes from SCID mice when compared with those from BALB/c mice. The results revealed that more than 72% and 61% of clean reads in the small RNA libraries of female and male schistosomes, respectively, could be mapped to the selected miRs in the miRBase or the sequences of species-specific genomes. Further analysis identified 122 miRNAs using TPM >0.01 as the threshold value, including 75 known and 47 novel miRNAs, 96 of which were commonly expressed across all the four tested schistosome libraries. Comparative analysis of the libraries of schistosomes from SCID and BALB/c mice identified 15 differentially expressed miRNAs (5 up-regulated and 10 down-regulated) among females and 16 among males (9 up-regulated and 7 down-regulated). Integrated analysis of the two sets of differentially expressed miRNAs of female and male worms identified 2 miRNAs (sja-miR-3488 and sja-miR-novel_29) that overlapped between female and male datasets. Prediction of miRNA targets and Gene Ontology (GO) term enrichment analysis of the predicted target genes revealed that these genes were involved in some important biological processes, such as nucleic acid metabolic process, macromolecule modification, and cellular aromatic compound metabolic process. The predicted target genes were further matched to the differentially expressed genes in male and female schistosomes from the above two hosts, obtaining 7 genes that may be responsible for regulating the growth, development and sex maturation of schistosomes. Taken together, this study provides the first identification of differentially expressed miRNAs in schistosomes from SCID and BALB/c mice. These miRNAs and their predicted target mRNAs are probably involved in the regulation of development, growth, and maturation of schistosomes. Therefore, this study expands our understanding of schistosome development regulation and host-parasite relationship, and also provides a valuable set of potential anti-schistosomal targets for prevention and control of schistosomiasis.
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3
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Shi W, He JJ, Mei XF, Lu KJ, Zeng ZX, Zhang YY, Sheng ZA, Elsheikha HM, Huang WY, Zhu XQ. Dysregulation of hepatic microRNA expression in C57BL/6 mice affected by excretory-secretory products of Fasciola gigantica. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2020; 14:e0008951. [PMID: 33332355 PMCID: PMC7775122 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The excretory-secretory products released by the liver fluke Fasciola gigantica (FgESPs) play important roles in regulating the host immune response during the infection. Identification of hepatic miRNAs altered by FgESPs may improve our understanding of the pathogenesis of F. gigantica infection. In this study, we investigated the alterations in the hepatic microRNAs (miRNAs) in mice treated with FgESPs using high-throughput small RNA (sRNA) sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. The expression of seven miRNAs was confirmed by quantitative stem-loop reverse transcription quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR). A total of 1,313 miRNAs were identified in the liver of mice, and the differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs varied across the time lapsed post exposure to FgESPs. We identified 67, 154 and 53 dysregulated miRNAs at 1, 4 and 12 weeks post-exposure, respectively. 5 miRNAs (miR-126a-3p, miR-150-5p, miR-155-5p, miR-181a-5p and miR-362-3p) were commonly dysregulated at the three time points. We also found that most of the DE miRNAs were induced by FgESPs in the mouse liver after 4 weeks of exposure. These were subjected to Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis, which showed that the predicted targets of the hepatic DE miRNAs of mice 4 weeks of FgESPs injection were enriched in GO terms, including cell membrane, ion binding, cellular communication, organelle and DNA damage. KEGG analysis indicated that the predicted targets of the most downregulated miRNAs were involved in 15 neural activity-related pathways, 6 digestion-related pathways, 20 immune response-related pathways and 17 cancer-related pathways. These data provide new insights into how FgESPs can dysregulate hepatic miRNAs, which play important roles in modulating several aspects of F. gigantica pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, People’s Republic of China
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun-Jun He
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail:
| | - Xue-Fang Mei
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ke-Jing Lu
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zi-Xuan Zeng
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yao-Yao Zhang
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhao-An Sheng
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hany M. Elsheikha
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Wei-Yi Huang
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xing-Quan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, People’s Republic of China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
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4
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Yoo WG, Kang JM, Lê HG, Pak JH, Hong SJ, Sohn WM, Na BK. Bile Ductal Transcriptome Identifies Key Pathways and Hub Genes in Clonorchis sinensis-Infected Sprague-Dawley Rats. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2020; 58:513-525. [PMID: 33202503 PMCID: PMC7672232 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2020.58.5.513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Clonorchis sinensis is a food-borne trematode that infects more than 15 million people. The liver fluke causes clonorchiasis and chronical cholangitis, and promotes cholangiocarcinoma. The underlying molecular pathogenesis occurring in the bile duct by the infection is little known. In this study, transcriptome profile in the bile ducts infected with C. sinensis were analyzed using microarray methods. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were 1,563 and 1,457 at 2 and 4 weeks after infection. Majority of the DEGs were temporally dysregulated at 2 weeks, but 519 DEGs showed monotonically changing expression patterns that formed seven distinct expression profiles. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis of the DEG products revealed 5 sub-networks and 10 key hub proteins while weighted co-expression network analysis (WGCNA)-derived gene-gene interaction exhibited 16 co-expression modules and 13 key hub genes. The DEGs were significantly enriched in 16 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways, which were related to original systems, cellular process, environmental information processing, and human diseases. This study uncovered a global picture of gene expression profiles in the bile ducts infected with C. sinensis, and provided a set of potent predictive biomarkers for early diagnosis of clonorchiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Gi Yoo
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Jung-Mi Kang
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 52727, Korea.,Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Huong Giang Lê
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 52727, Korea.,Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Jhang Ho Pak
- Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Sung-Jong Hong
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Woon-Mok Sohn
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Byoung-Kuk Na
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 52727, Korea.,Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
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5
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Shen J, Xiang S, Peng M, Zhou Z, Wu Z. Mechanisms of Resistance to Schistosoma japonicum Infection in Microtus fortis, the Natural Non-permissive Host. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:2092. [PMID: 33013763 PMCID: PMC7494751 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.02092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human schistosomiasis, which is caused by schistosomes, is a zoonosis that is difficult to control because of the many reservoir hosts. However, Microtus fortis is the only mammal that is naturally resistant to Schistosoma japonicum infection known in China, in which S. japonicum growth and development were arrested on day 12, and the worms eliminated on day 20 post-infection. In this review, we present an overview of the established and purported mechanisms of resistance to S. japonicum infection in M. fortis in comparison to Rattus norvegicus, a semi-permissive host. Clarifying the mechanism of this efficient resistance can help us to better understand host-parasite interaction and to provide better methods to control schistosomiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Shen
- Department of Parasitology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (SYSU), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China.,Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biological Vector Control, Guangzhou, China
| | - Suoyu Xiang
- Department of Parasitology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (SYSU), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China.,Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biological Vector Control, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mei Peng
- Department of Parasitology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (SYSU), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China.,Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biological Vector Control, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhijun Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Changsha, China
| | - Zhongdao Wu
- Department of Parasitology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (SYSU), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China.,Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biological Vector Control, Guangzhou, China
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Mao Y, He C, Li H, Lu K, Fu Z, Hong Y, Jin Y, Lin J, Zhang X, Liu J. Comparative analysis of transcriptional profiles of Schistosoma japonicum adult worms derived from primary-infected and re-infected water buffaloes. Parasit Vectors 2019; 12:340. [PMID: 31296252 PMCID: PMC6625002 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-019-3600-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schistosoma japonicum (S. japonicum) is an important zoonotic parasite that is prevalent in China and parts of Southeast Asia. Water buffaloes are an important reservoir and the main transmission sources of S. japonicum. However, self-curing and resistance to re-infection have been observed in water buffaloes. RESULTS In this study, we compared the morphometry and differences in transcriptional expression of adult S. japonicum worms recovered from primary-infected and re-infected water buffaloes using Illumina RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) technology. Results of morphometry analysis revealed that adult S. japonicum worms recovered from re-infected water buffaloes were runtish with smaller organs. The ventral length of male worms was shorter in re-infected buffaloes (328 ± 13 vs 273 ± 8 µm, P < 0.05), and in female worms the oral sucker length (44 ± 3 vs 33 ± 5 µm, P < 0.05), ovary length (578 ± 23 vs 297 ± 27 µm, P < 0.05) and width (150 ± 8 vs 104 ± 9 µm, P < 0.05) were shorter, with fewer eggs in the uteri (41 ± 2 vs 12 ± 1, P < 0.05). Of 13,605 identified genes, 112 were differentially expressed, including 51 upregulated and 61 downregulated genes, in worms from re-infected compared with primary-infected water buffaloes. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis revealed that GO terms such as "oxidation-reduction process", "calcium-dependent phospholipid binding", "lipid binding" and "calcium ion binding" were significantly enriched in downregulated genes, whereas GO terms related to metabolism and biosynthesis were significantly enriched in upregulated genes. The results revealed that the downregulation of some important genes might contribute to a reduction in worm numbers and maldevelopment of surviving worms in re-infected water buffaloes. Furthermore, upregulation of genes related to metabolic processes and biosynthesis might be a compensatory mechanism of worms in disadvantageous environments. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, our results present the first large-scale transcriptional expression study identifying the differences between adult S. japonicum worms from primary-infected and re-infected water buffaloes, and particularly emphasize differential expression that may affect the survival and growth of worms in re-infected water buffalo. This will provide new insight into screening for anti-schistosome targets and vaccine candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudan Mao
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanchuan He
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Li
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Lu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqiang Fu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Hong
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Yamei Jin
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaojiao Lin
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinming Liu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China.
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Yi S, Qin X, Luo X, Zhang Y, Liu Z, Zhu L. Identification of miRNAs associated with the mechanical response of hepatic stellate cells by miRNA microarray analysis. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:1707-1714. [PMID: 30186391 PMCID: PMC6122293 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been suggested that hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) could be used in the regulation of liver microcirculation and portal hypertension. The effects of tensile strain on the microRNA (miRNA) profile of HSCs are largely unknown. In this study, we aimed to explore the changes of miRNA expression in tensile strain-treated HSCs. The purity and activation of HSCs were determined by immunofluorescence staining with antibody against desmin and a-SMA, respectively. miRNA profile analysis was performed on HSCs with and without tensile strain treatment (n=3) using microarray analysis. We identified 6 significantly differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs), including 1 downregulated (rno-miR-125b-2-3p) and 5 upregulated (rno-miR-1224, rho-miR-188-5p, rho-miR-211-3p, rho-miR-3584-5p and rho-miR-466b-5p), which were validated by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) experiments. Further analysis of the DEMs revealed that many important biological processes and signal pathways were triggered in tensile strain-treated HSCs. These include the signal transduction mechanisms associated with protein binding, apoptosis, proliferation, and the FoxO and Wnt signaling pathways. In conclusion, this study presents the specific DEMs in tensile strain-treated HSCs. Our study provide novel miRNA-based information that may enhance our understanding of the pathophysiological processes leading to portal hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhong Yi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Xinyu People's Hospital, Xinyu, Jiangxi 338000, P.R. China
| | - Xia Qin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China.,Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Xu Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, P.R. China
| | - Zhijun Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinyu People's Hospital, Xinyu, Jiangxi 338000, P.R. China
| | - Liang Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
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Hong Y, Fu Z, Cao X, Lin J. Changes in microRNA expression in response to Schistosoma japonicum infection. Parasite Immunol 2017; 39. [PMID: 28160510 DOI: 10.1111/pim.12416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Schistosomiasis japonicum is one of the most serious zoonotic diseases in the world. There is increasing evidence to show that host miRNAs are modulated following Schistosoma japonicum infection, and some of these miRNAs may play important regulatory roles in response to schistosome infection. Several host miRNAs have been identified and shown to be potential diagnostic biomarkers or novel therapeutic targets for schistosomiasis. These studies have paved the way to a better understanding of the mechanisms of schistosome-host interaction and may facilitate the development of novel approaches to the control of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Hong
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Shanghai, China
| | - Z Fu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Shanghai, China
| | - X Cao
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Shanghai, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Ningbo Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningbo, China
| | - J Lin
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Shanghai, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
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9
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Abstract
Schistosomiasis in China has been substantially reduced due to an effective control programme employing various measures including bovine and human chemotherapy, and the removal of bovines from endemic areas. To fulfil elimination targets, it will be necessary to identify other possible reservoir hosts for Schistosoma japonicum and include them in future control efforts. This study determined the infection prevalence of S. japonicum in rodents (0-9·21%), dogs (0-18·37%) and goats (6·9-46·4%) from the Dongting Lake area of Hunan province, using a combination of traditional coproparasitological techniques (miracidial hatching technique and Kato-Katz thick smear technique) and molecular methods [quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and droplet digital PCR (ddPCR)]. We found a much higher prevalence in goats than previously recorded in this setting. Cattle and water buffalo were also examined using the same procedures and all were found to be infected, emphasising the occurrence of active transmission. qPCR and ddPCR were much more sensitive than the coproparasitological procedures with both KK and MHT considerably underestimating the true prevalence in all animals surveyed. The high level of S. japonicum prevalence in goats indicates that they are likely important reservoirs in schistosomiasis transmission, necessitating their inclusion as targets of control, if the goal of elimination is to be achieved in China.
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10
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He R, Gu X, Lai W, Peng X, Yang G. Transcriptome-microRNA analysis of Sarcoptes scabiei and host immune response. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0177733. [PMID: 28542251 PMCID: PMC5441584 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Scabies is a parasitic disease, caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei, and is considered one of the top 50 epidemic diseases and one the most common human skin disease, worldwide. Allergic dermatitis, including an intense itch, is a common symptom, however diagnosis is difficult and there is currently no effective vaccine. The goal of this study was to examine the immune interaction mechanism of both S. scabiei and infected hosts. mRNA-seq and microRNA-seq were conducted on the S. scabiei mite and on infected and uninfected hosts. We focused on differential expression of unigenes and microRNAs, as well as the real targets of unigenes in enriched immune signaling pathways. S. scabiei enhanced host immune function and decreased metabolism after infection, while the immune response of the host inhibited S. scabiei proliferation and metabolism signaling pathways. Differentially expressed unigenes of S. scabiei were enriched in the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and the Toll-like receptor signaling pathway. The differential expression analysis indicated that microRNAs of S. scabiei and hosts have major roles in regulating immune interactions between parasites and hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran He
- Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, China
| | - Xiaobin Gu
- Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, China
| | - Weimin Lai
- Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, China
| | - Xuerong Peng
- Department of Chemistry, College of Life and Basic Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, China
| | - Guangyou Yang
- Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, China
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11
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Han S, Tang Q, Lu X, Chen R, Li Y, Shu J, Zhang X, Cao J. Dysregulation of hepatic microRNA expression profiles with Clonorchis sinensis infection. BMC Infect Dis 2016; 16:724. [PMID: 27899092 PMCID: PMC5129388 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-016-2058-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Clonorchiasis remains an important zoonotic parasitic disease worldwide. The molecular mechanisms of host-parasite interaction are not fully understood. Non-coding microRNAs (miRNAs) are considered to be key regulators in parasitic diseases. The regulation of miRNAs and host micro-environment may be involved in clonorchiasis, and require further investigation. Methods MiRNA microarray technology and bioinformatic analysis were used to investigate the regulatory mechanisms of host miRNA and to compare miRNA expression profiles in the liver tissues of control and Clonorchis sinensis (C. sinensis)-infected rats. Results A total of eight miRNAs were downregulated and two were upregulated, which showed differentially altered expression profiles in the liver tissue of C. sinensis-infected rats. Further analysis of the differentially expressed miRNAs revealed that many important signal pathways were triggered after infection with C. sinensis, which were related to clonorchiasis pathogenesis, such as cell apoptosis and inflammation, as well as genes involved in signal transduction mechanisms, such as pathways in cancer and the Wnt and Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) signaling pathways. Conclusions The present study revealed that the miRNA expression profiles of the host were changed by C. sinensis infection. This dysregulation in miRNA expression may contribute to the etiology and pathophysiology of clonorchiasis. These results also provide new insights into the regulatory mechanisms of miRNAs in clonorchiasis, which may present potential targets for future C. sinensis control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Han
- Department of Parasitology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.,National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, MOH; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaoran Tang
- Department of Parasitology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Xi Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yihong Li
- Department of Parasitology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Jing Shu
- Department of Parasitology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Department of Parasitology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.
| | - Jianping Cao
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, MOH; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Eissa S, Matboli M, Hegazy MGA, Kotb YM, Essawy NOE. Evaluation of urinary microRNA panel in bladder cancer diagnosis: relation to bilharziasis. Transl Res 2015; 165:731-9. [PMID: 25620614 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2014.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Revised: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
We assessed the differential expression of a urinary panel of microRNAs (miRs) in terms of potential application as diagnostic markers of bladder cancer (BC) and relationship to bilharziasis. We investigated voided urine samples and blood from patients with BC (n = 188), benign bladder lesions (n = 88), and age-matched controls (n = 92). Five miRs (miR-210, miR-10b, miR-29c, miR-221, and miR-23a) were selected from previous microarray signature profiling (released by miR2Disease). Afterward, they were validated using polymerase chain reaction array. The expression levels of miR-210, miR-10b, and miR-29c in the urine samples were significantly higher in BC (P < 0.001). The receiver-operating characteristic curve analyses demonstrated that each miR had good sensitivity and specificity for distinguishing patients with BC from patients without BC (miR-210, 71.3% and 91.1%; miR-10b, 80.9% and 91.1%; and miR-183, 71.3% and 88.9%). On combining the 3 miR detection data with the urinary cytology, the results sensitivity increased to 95.2%. Relative quantity mean rank of the miR-29c was significantly higher in the bilharzial-positive patients compared with bilharzial-negative patients. To conclude, urine miR-210, miR-10b, and miR-29c are promising tumor markers for BC: bilharzial and nonbilharzial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaa Eissa
- Oncology Diagnostic Unit, Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Marwa Matboli
- Oncology Diagnostic Unit, Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa G A Hegazy
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Youssef M Kotb
- Urology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nada O E Essawy
- Pharmacogenetics and Stratified Medicine, University College London, London, UK
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Comparative characterization of microRNAs in Schistosoma japonicum schistosomula from Wistar rats and BALB/c mice. Parasitol Res 2015; 114:2639-47. [PMID: 25895062 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-015-4468-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
More than 40 kinds of mammals in China are known to be naturally infected with Schistosoma japonicum (S. japonicum) (Peng et al. Parasitol Res 106:967-76, 2010). Compared with permissive BALB/c mice, rats are less susceptible to S. japonicum infection and are considered to provide an unsuitable microenvironment for parasite growth and development. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), via the regulation of gene expression at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels, may be responsible for developmental differences between schistosomula in these two rodent hosts. Solexa deep-sequencing technology was used to identify differentially expressed miRNAs from schistosomula isolated from Wistar rats and BALB/c mice 10 days post-infection. The deep-sequencing analysis revealed that nearly 40 % of raw reads (10.37 and 10.84 million reads in schistosomula isolated from Wistar rats and BALB/c mice, respectively) can be mapped to selected mirs in miRBase or in species-specific genomes. Further analysis revealed that several miRNAs were differentially expressed in schistosomula isolated from these two rodents; 18 were downregulated (by <2-fold) and 23 were up-regulated (>2-fold) (expression levels in rats compare with those in mice). Additionally, three novel miRNAs were primarily predicted and identified. Among the 41 differentially expressed miRNAs, 4 miRNAs had been identified with specific functions in schistosome development or host-parasite interaction, such as sexual maturation (sja-miR-1, sja-miR-7-5p), embryo development (sja-miR-36-3p) in schistosome, and pathogenesis of schistosomiasis (sja-bantam). Then, the target genes were mapped, filtered, and correlated with a set of genes that were differentially expressed genes in schistosomula isolated from mice and rats, which we identified in a S. japonicum oligonucleotide microarray analysis in a previous study. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis of the predicted target genes of 13 differentially expressed miRNAs revealed that they were involved in some important biological pathways, such as metabolic processes, the regulation of protein catabolic processes, catalytic activity, oxidoreductase activity, and hydrolase activity. The study presented here includes the first identification of differentially expressed miRNAs between schistosomula in mice or rats. Therefore, we hypothesized that the differentially expressed miRNAs may affect the development, growth, and maturation of the schistosome in its life cycle. Our analysis suggested that some differentially expressed miRNAs may impact the survival and development of the parasite within a host. This study increases our understanding of schistosome development and host-parasite interactions.
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Simo G, Lueong S, Grebaut P, Guny G, Hoheisel JD. Micro RNA expression profiles in peripheral blood cells of rats that were experimentally infected with Trypanosoma congolense and different Trypanosoma brucei subspecies. Microbes Infect 2015; 17:596-608. [PMID: 25797398 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2015.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Revised: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
To identify miRNAs whose expression are differentially regulated during trypanosome infections a microarray targeting more than 600 rat miRNA was used to analyze the miRNA expression profiles between uninfected rats and animals infected by Trypanosoma congolense and Trypanosoma brucei s.l. The potential targets of dysregulated miRNAs as well as their biological pathways and functions were predicted using several bioinformatics software tools. Irrespective of the infecting trypanosome species, eight miRNAs (seven up- and one down-regulated) were dysregulated during infections. Moreover, other miRNAs were differentially regulated in rats infected by specific trypanosome species. Functional analyses of differentially regulated miRNAs indicated their involvement in diverse biological processes. Among these, transcription repressor activity, gene expression control as well as protein transporter activity were predominant. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis of dysregulated miRNAs revealed their involvement in several biological pathways and disease conditions. This suggests possible modulation of such pathways following trypanosome infection; for example, the MAPK signaling pathway which is known to play vital roles in apoptosis, innate immune response and response to viral infections was highly affected. Axon guidance was equally highly impacted and may indicate a cross reactivity between pathogen proteins and guidance molecules representing one pathological mechanism as it has been observed with influenza HA. Furthermore, Ingenuity pathway analyses of dysregulated miRNAs and potential targets indicated strong association with inflammatory responses, cell death and survival as well as infectious diseases. The data generated here provide valuable information to understand the regulatory function of miRNAs during trypanosome infections. They improved our knowledge on host-parasite cross-talks and provide a framework for investigations to understand the development of trypanosomes in their hosts as well as the differences in the clinical and pathological evolutions of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustave Simo
- Molecular Parasitology and Entomology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon.
| | - Smiths Lueong
- Division of Functional Genome Analysis, Deutsche Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Pascal Grebaut
- Laboratoire de Recherche et de Coordination sur les Trypanosomoses IRD, UMR 177, CIRAD, TA 207/G Campus International de Baillarguet, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Gerard Guny
- Laboratoire de Recherche et de Coordination sur les Trypanosomoses IRD, UMR 177, CIRAD, TA 207/G Campus International de Baillarguet, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Jörg D Hoheisel
- Division of Functional Genome Analysis, Deutsche Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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McWilliam HEG, Driguez P, Piedrafita D, McManus DP, Meeusen ENT. Discovery of novel Schistosoma japonicum antigens using a targeted protein microarray approach. Parasit Vectors 2014; 7:290. [PMID: 24964958 PMCID: PMC4080988 DOI: 10.1186/1756-3305-7-290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Novel vaccine candidates against Schistosoma japonicum are required, and antigens present in the vulnerable larval developmental stage are attractive targets. Post-genomic technologies are now available which can contribute to such antigen discovery. Methods A schistosome-specific protein microarray was probed using the local antibody response against migrating larvae. Antigens were assessed for their novelty and predicted larval expression and host-exposed features. One antigen was further characterised and its sequence and structure were analysed in silico. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to analyse transcript expression throughout development, and immunoblotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays employed to determine antigen recognition by antibody samples. Results Several known and novel antigens were discovered, two of which showed up-regulated transcription in schistosomula. One novel antigen, termed S. japonicum Ly-6-like protein 1 (Sj-L6L-1), was further characterised and shown to share structural and sequence features with the Ly-6 protein family. It was found to be present in the worm tegument and expressed in both the larval and adult worms, but was found to be antigenic only in the lungs that the larvae migrate to and traverse. Conclusions This study represents a novel approach to vaccine antigen discovery and may contribute to schistosome vaccine development against this important group of human and veterinary pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamish E G McWilliam
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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He X, Sai X, Chen C, Zhang Y, Xu X, Zhang D, Pan W. Host serum miR-223 is a potential new biomarker for Schistosoma japonicum infection and the response to chemotherapy. Parasit Vectors 2013; 6:272. [PMID: 24330517 PMCID: PMC3856452 DOI: 10.1186/1756-3305-6-272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous studies have shown that aberrant microRNA (miRNA) expression is associated with the pathogenesis and progression of various human diseases. Hence, serum miRNAs are considered to be potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of human diseases. This study examined whether several miRNAs known to be commonly deregulated in liver diseases are deregulated in the serum of hosts with hepatic schistosomiasis, and thus whether they could serve as potential markers for detection of schistosome infection and evaluation of the effectiveness of chemotherapy. METHODS We analyzed the serum levels of six selected candidate miRNA molecules (miR-146b, miR-122, miR-223, miR-199a-5p, miR-199a-3p, miR-34a) from mice, rabbits, buffalos and humans infected with Schistosoma japonicum using qPCR. We evaluated liver pathology by determining the hydroxyproline content in liver tissues. Primary resident liver cells were isolated to quantify the expression level of deregulated miRNAs. Bioinformatics analyses were also conducted to assess the potential function of miR-223. RESULTS Using a mouse model of Schistosoma japonicum infection, we found that the expression level of serum miR-223 was significantly elevated after infection, but returned to near normal levels after the treatment with praziquantel (PZQ). Importantly, the level of serum miR-223 reflected the extent of liver pathology post-infection. We validated the elevated level of the circulating miR-223 in serum samples of other host species including rabbits, buffalos and humans. In addition, our results showed that miR-223 was primarily located in the Kupffer cells, but its expression levels were significantly up-regulated in hepatocytes, hepatic stellate cells and Kupffer cells after infection. Bioinformatics analyses revealed a potential functional role of miR-223 in transcription regulator activity, transcription factor activity and DNA binding. CONCLUSIONS This study suggested that the circulating miR-223 could serve as a potential new biomarker for the detection of schistosome infection and the assessment of the response to chemotherapy.
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