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Hu J, Fan L, Huang Y, He P, He L, Zhao J. Novel Strategy for In Vitro Validation of Babesia orientalis Heat Shock Proteins Chaperone Activity and Thermostability. Acta Parasitol 2024; 69:591-598. [PMID: 38240997 DOI: 10.1007/s11686-023-00775-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Babesia orientalis is an intra-erythrocytic protozoan parasite that causes babesiosis in water buffalo. The genome of B. orientalis has been reported and various genes have been accurately annotated, including heat shock proteins (HSP). Three B. orientalis HSPs (HSP90, HSP70 and HSP20) have been previously identified as potential antigenic targets. Here, a new validation strategy for the chaperone activities and cell protection characteristics of the three HSPs was developed in vitro. METHODS BoHSP20, BoHSP70 and BoHSP90B were amplified from cDNA, followed by cloning them into the pEGFP-N1 vector and transfecting the vector plasmid separately into 293T and Hela mammalian cells. Their expression and localization were determined by fluorescence microscopy. The biological functions and protein stability were testified through an analysis of the fluorescence intensity duration. Their role in the protection of cell viability from heat-shock treatments was examined by MTT assay (cell proliferation assay based on thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide). RESULTS Fusion proteins pEGFP-N1-BoHSP20, pEGFP-N1-BoHSP70, and pEGFP-N1-BoHSP90B (pBoHSPs: pBoHSP20; pBoHSP70 and pBoHSP90B) were identified as 47 kDa/97 kDa/118 kDa with a 27 kDa GFP tag, respectively. Prolonged fluorescent protein half-time was observed specifically in pBoHSPs under heat shock treatment at 55 °C, and BoHSP20 showed relatively better thermotolerance than BoHSP70 and BoHSP90B. Significant difference was found between pBoHSPs and controls in the cell survival curve after 2 h of 45 °C heat shock. CONCLUSION Significant biological properties of heat stress-associated genes of B. orientalis were identified in eukaryote by a new strategy. Fusion proteins pBoHSP20, pBoHSP70 and pBoHSP90B showed good chaperone activity and thermo-stability in this study, implying that BoHSPs played a key role in protecting B. orientalis against heat-stress environment during parasite life cycle. In conclusion, the in vitro model explored in this study provides a new way to investigate the biological functions of B. orientalis proteins during the host-parasite interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, 510633, Guangdong, China
| | - Lizhe Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei He
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan He
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Junlong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory for Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.
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Tsutsumi H, Abe M, Uchida N, Takiguchi M, Yamasaki M. The role of heat shock protein 90 in the proliferation of Babesia gibsoni in vitro. Exp Parasitol 2023:108567. [PMID: 37308002 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2023.108567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the role of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) in the proliferation and survival of Babesia gibsoni in vitro. To detect the effect on the entry of B. gibsoni into host erythrocytes, the parasite was incubated with an antibody against B. gibsoni HSP90 (BgHSP90) for 24 hr. The results of this experiment demonstrated that both the incorporation of [3H]hypoxanthine into the nucleic acids of B. gibsoni and the number of parasites were not altered, indicating that an anti-BgHSP90 antibody did not directly inhibit the entry of the parasite into erythrocytes. Moreover, two HSP90 inhibitors, geldanamycin (GA) and tanespimycin (17-AAG), were used to evaluate the function of BgHSP90. GA and 17-AAG decreased both the incorporation of [3H]hypoxanthine and the number of infected erythrocytes, suggesting that BgHSP90 plays important roles in DNA synthesis and the proliferation of B. gibsoni. The effect of 17-AAG on the parasites was weaker than that of GA. Additionally, the effect of GA on the survival and superoxide generation of canine neutrophils was assessed. The survival of canine neutrophils was not affected. The superoxide generation was strongly suppressed by GA. This result indicated that GA inhibited the function of canine neutrophils. Additional studies are necessary to elucidate the role of BgHSP90 in the proliferation of the parasite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroka Tsutsumi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Small Animal Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka, Iwate, 202-8550, Japan
| | - Moeko Abe
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Division of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0818, Japan
| | - Naohiro Uchida
- Laboratory of Veterinary Small Animal Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka, Iwate, 202-8550, Japan
| | - Mitsuyoshi Takiguchi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Division of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0818, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yamasaki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Small Animal Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka, Iwate, 202-8550, Japan.
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Yamasaki M, Idaka N, Abe M, Takiguchi M. Reduced expression levels of heat shock protein 90 in a diminazene aceturate-resistant Babesia gibsoni isolate. Exp Parasitol 2020; 221:108050. [PMID: 33307095 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2020.108050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is a molecular chaperon and an essential component for stage differentiation and intracellular growth inside the host cells of many protozoans. HSP90 of Babesia gibsoni (BgHSP90) was suggested to function in the development of diminazene aceturate (DA)-resistance. Therefore, we examined the expression level of BgHSP90 in a DA-resistant B. gibsoni isolate. Transcription of the BgHSP90 gene in the DA-resistant isolate and wild-type B. gibsoni was assessed by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). As a result, the copy number and relative amount of BgHSP90 transcripts in the DA-resistant isolate were significantly lower than those in the wild-type. Moreover, a rabbit anti-recombinant BgHSP90 antibody was developed, and the protein synthesis of BgHSP90 in the DA-resistant isolate was compared with that in the wild-type by Western blot analysis and indirect fluorescence assay. There was significantly less BgHSP90 protein than in the wild-type. Additionally, the relative intensity of BgHSP70 in DA-resistant isolate was also lower than that in the wild-type. This suggested that the expression of BgHSP90 and BgHSP70 in the DA-resistant B. gibsoni isolate was suppressed and that the reduced amount of BgHSP90 and BgHSP70 might cause the weak proliferation of the DA-resistant isolate. Further studies are necessary to elucidate the function of BgHSP90.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Yamasaki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Small Animal Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka, Iwate 202-8550, Japan.
| | - Natsuki Idaka
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Division of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Moeko Abe
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Division of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
| | - Mitsuyoshi Takiguchi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Division of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
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Characterization of the variable merozoite surface antigen (VMSA) gene family of Babesia orientalis. Parasitol Res 2020; 119:3639-3648. [PMID: 32930858 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-020-06877-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Due to its wide presence in apicomplexan parasites as well as high polymorphism and antigenic diversity, the variable merozoite surface antigen (VMSA) family in Babesia sp. has attracted increasing attention of researchers. Here, all the reported VMSA genes of Babesia spp. were obtained from GenBank, and multiple alignments were performed by using conserved regions to blast the Babesia orientalis genome database (unpublished data). Five MSA genes (named MSA-2a1, MSA-2a2, MSA-2c1, MSA-1, and MSA-2c2, respectively) were identified, sequenced, and cloned from B. orientalis, which were shown to encode proteins with open reading frames ranging in size from 266 (MSA-2c1) to 317 (MSA-1) amino acids. All the five proteins contain an MSA-2c superfamily conserved domain, with an identical signal peptide and glycosyl phosphatidyl inositol (GPI)-anchor for each of them. The five proteins were also predicted to contain B cell epitopes, with only three for BoMSA-2c1, the smallest protein in the BoVMSA family, while at least six for each of the others. Notably, BoMSA-2a1 has 2 identical copies, a specific phenomenon only present in B. orientalis. This research has determined the MSA genes of B. orientalis and provides a genetic basis for further research of functional genes in B. orientalis.
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Zhan X, He J, Yu L, Liu Q, Sun Y, Nie Z, Guo J, Zhao Y, Li M, Luo X, He L, Zhao J. Identification of a novel thrombospondin-related anonymous protein (BoTRAP2) from Babesia orientalis. Parasit Vectors 2019; 12:200. [PMID: 31053087 PMCID: PMC6500065 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-019-3457-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The thrombospondin-related anonymous protein (TRAP) was first discovered in the sporozoite of Plasmodium falciparum and TRAP family proteins are secreted by micronemes and transported to the parasite surface to participate in the invasion process. Various TRAP proteins have been identified in apicomplexan protozoans, but there have been few reports about TRAP proteins in Babesia orientalis. METHODS The functional domain of TRAP2 in B. orientalis was cloned, sequenced, characterized and compared to the TRAP sequences of related apicomplexan parasites. The functional domain of BoTRAP2 was truncated, named BoTRAP2-1, and then cloned into the pET-28a expression vector. Rabbit anti-rBoTRAP2-1 polyclonal antibody was produced by immunizing three rabbits. Western blot analysis was used to identify the native form and immunogenicity of BoTRAP2. The localization of BoTRAP2 was identified by indirect fluorescence assay (IFA). RESULTS The amplified genes of BoTRAP2 are 2817 bp in length, encoding a functional domain of about 938 aa with two vWFA domains, one TSP domain and one transmembrane domain. The amino acid sequence of BoTRAP2 has a high similarity with that of B. bovis and B. gibsoni. The predicted tertiary structure of truncated BoTRAP2-1 confirmed that BoTRAP2 contains two vWFA domains and a TSP domain, the main functional areas of the protein. The native BoTRAP2 was identified from B. orientalis lysate by using rabbit polyclonal anti-rBoTRAP2-1. A band corresponding to rBoTRAP2-1 was detected by reaction with serum from a B. orientalis-infected water buffalo, indicating that the protein has a high immunogenicity. IFA showed that BoTRAP2 is mainly localized on the apical end of parasites by rabbit anti-rBoTRAP2-1 polyclonal serum. CONCLUSIONS The rBoTRAP2 could differentiate serum from B. orientalis-infected water buffalo and normal water buffalo, implicating that BoTRAP2 has high immunogenicity and could serve as a candidate antigen for diagnosis of B. orientalis infection in buffalo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Junwei He
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Long Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Qin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Yali Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Zheng Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Jiaying Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Yangnan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Muxiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaoying Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Lan He
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China. .,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China. .,Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemical Disease and Infectious Zoonoses, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - Junlong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China. .,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China. .,Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemical Disease and Infectious Zoonoses, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
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Guo J, Li M, Sun Y, Yu L, He P, Nie Z, Zhan X, Zhao Y, Luo X, Wang S, Aoyang S, Liu Q, Huang C, He L, Zhao J. Characterization of a novel secretory spherical body protein in Babesia orientalis and Babesia orientalis-infected erythrocytes. Parasit Vectors 2018; 11:433. [PMID: 30045776 PMCID: PMC6060518 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-018-3018-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The spherical body, a membrane bound organelle localized in the apical organelle complex, is unique to Babesia and Theileria spp. The spherical body proteins (SBPs) secreted by spherical bodies include SBP1, SBP2, SBP3 and SBP4. Up to now, only SBP3 has been characterized in Babesia orientalis. Methods The BoSBP4 gene was amplified from cDNA and gDNA and cloned into the pGEX-6P-1 vector by homologous recombination, sequenced and analyzed by bioinformatics tools. The amino acid (aa) sequence of BoSBP4 was compared with that of Babesia bovis and Babesia bigemina as well as SBP3 of B. orientalis. The immunoreactivity was evaluated by incubating recombinant BoSBP4 (rBoSBP4) with the serum of B. orientalis-infected water buffalo. The native form of BoSBP4 was identified by incubating lysate of B. orientalis-infected water buffalo erythrocytes with the anti-rBoSBP4 mouse serum. The cellular localization of BoSBP4 was determined by indirect immunofluorescence assay. Results The full length of the BoSBP4 gene was estimated to be 945 bp without introns, encoding a 314 aa polypeptide with a predicted molecular weight of 37 kDa. The truncated recombinant protein was expressed from 70 to 945 bp as a GST fusion protein with a practical molecular weight of 70 kDa. BoSBP4 shared a 40% and 30% identity with B. bovis and B. bigemina, respectively. Furthermore, it was 31% identical to SBP3 of B. orientalis. BoSBP4 was identified in the lysate of B. orientalis-infected water buffalo erythrocytes with a molecular weight of 37 kDa, corresponding to the expected molecular mass of BoSBP4. The result of rBoSBP4 with positive serum revealed that BoSBP4 can elicit an immune response to B. orientalis-infected water buffalo. The cellular localization of BoSBP4 was detected to be adjacent to the merozoite nucleus in the intracellular phase, followed by the diffusion of the fluorescence of BoSBP4 into the cytoplasm of B. orientalis-infected erythrocytes as puncta-like specks and a gradual increase of the fluorescence. Conclusions In this study, SBP4 in B. orientalis was characterized for the first time. It may play a key role in interaction with the host cell by being secreted into the cytoplasm of the B. orientalis-infected erythrocytes to facilitate parasite growth and reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Muxiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Yali Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Long Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Pei He
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Zheng Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Xueyan Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Yangnan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaoying Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Sen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Siqi Aoyang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Qin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Cuiqin Huang
- College of Life Science, Longyan University & Fujian, Provincial Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Control of Animal Infectious Diseases and Biotechnology, Longyan, 364012, Fujian, China
| | - Lan He
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China. .,Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemical Disease and Infectious Zoonoses, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China. .,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - Junlong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemical Disease and Infectious Zoonoses, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
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7
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Guo J, Hu J, Sun Y, Yu L, He J, He P, Nie Z, Li M, Zhan X, Zhao Y, Luo X, Liu J, He L, Zhao J. A novel Babesia orientalis 135-kilodalton spherical body protein like: identification of its secretion into cytoplasm of infected erythrocytes. Parasit Vectors 2018; 11:205. [PMID: 29580261 PMCID: PMC5870374 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-018-2795-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The spherical body is a distinct organelle only existing in Babesia and Theileria. Spherical body proteins (SBPs) are secreted from spherical bodies and incorporated into the cytoplasm of infected erythrocytes during invasion and post-invasion stages. Four different SBP homologues (SBP1, SBP2, SBP3 and SBP4) have been identified in Babesia bovis and Babesia bigemina. So far, there has been no report available about the identification of SBPs in Babesia orientalis. Methods The SBP3-like in B. orientalis (BoSBP3-like) was cloned, sequenced, characterized and compared to the SBP3 sequences of B. bovis and B. bigemina by bioinformatics analyses. The BoSBP3-like gene was truncated into three fragments: BoSBP3-like-1 (915 bp), BoSBP3-like-2 (1311 bp) and BoSBP3-like-3 (1011 bp), which were amplified and cloned into the expression vector pET-28a and expressed as three truncated recombinant (His-fusion) proteins. The immunogenicity, native forms and localization of BoSBP3-like were identified by western blot and indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA). Results The BoSBP3-like gene was intronless with an open reading frame (ORF) of 3237 bp, encoded a 1079 amino acid polypeptide with a predicted size of 135 kDa, and contained a cysteine-rich region, three dispersing FAINT domains and a signal peptide (1–16 aa) at the N-terminus. The amino acid sequence of BoSBP3-like was 61.6 and 35.0% identical to that of B. bovis and B. bigemina, respectively. BoSBP3-like was identified as 135 kDa in the parasite lysate by rabbit antiserum against the truncated recombinant BoSBP3-like-1 (rBoSBP3-like-1). Three specific bands corresponding to rBoSBP3-like-1 (1–305 aa, 43 kDa), rBoSBP3-like-2 (306–742 aa, 58 kDa) and rBoSBP3-like-3 (743–1079 aa, 52 kDa) were detected by reaction with serum from B. orientalis-infected buffalo. The BoSBP3-like was not only localized in the spherical body of B. orientalis but also in the cytoplasm of infected erythrocytes of buffalo as puncta-like protein specks at both single and paired parasite development stages. Conclusions Through secretion into the cytoplasm of infected erythrocytes, BoSBP3-like may play a significant role in adaptation, interaction, and modification related to the host environment to benefit the growth and survival of Babesia. BoSBP3-like could react with the serum from B. orientalis-infected buffalo, but not healthy buffalo, implicating that BoSBP3-like is highly antigenic and may serve as a candidate diagnostic antigen for the detection of B. orientalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Jinfang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.,Guangdong Laboratory Animals Monitoring Institute, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals, Guangzhou, 510663, Guangdong, China
| | - Yali Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Long Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Junwei He
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Pei He
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Zheng Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Muxiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Xueyan Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Yangnan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaoying Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Junlong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, 730046, Gansu, China
| | - Lan He
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China. .,Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemical Disease and Infectious Zoonoses, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China. .,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - Junlong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemical Disease and Infectious Zoonoses, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
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8
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Kinnaird JH, Singh M, Gillan V, Weir W, Calder EDD, Hostettler I, Tatu U, Devaney E, Shiels BR. Characterization of HSP90 isoforms in transformed bovine leukocytes infected with Theileria annulata. Cell Microbiol 2016; 19. [PMID: 27649068 PMCID: PMC5333456 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
HSP90 chaperones are essential regulators of cellular function, as they ensure the appropriate conformation of multiple key client proteins. Four HSP90 isoforms were identified in the protozoan parasite Theileria annulata. Partial characterization was undertaken for three and localization confirmed for cytoplasmic (TA12105), endoplasmic reticulum (TA06470), and apicoplast (TA10720) forms. ATPase activity and binding to the HSP90 inhibitor geldanamycin were demonstrated for recombinant TA12105, and all three native forms could be isolated to varying extents by binding to geldanamycin beads. Because it is essential, HSP90 is considered a potential therapeutic drug target. Resistance to the only specific Theileriacidal drug is increasing, and one challenge for design of drugs that target the parasite is to limit the effect on the host. An in vitro cell culture system that allows comparison between uninfected bovine cells and the T. annulata‐infected counterpart was utilized to test the effects of geldanamycin and the derivative 17‐AAG. T. annulata‐infected cells had greater tolerance to geldanamycin than uninfected cells yet exhibited significantly more sensitivity to 17‐AAG. These findings suggest that parasite HSP90 isoform(s) can alter the drug sensitivity of infected host cells and that members of the Theileria HSP90 family are potential targets worthy of further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane H Kinnaird
- Institute of Biodiversity Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Campus, Bearsden Road, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - Meetali Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560 012, India
| | - Victoria Gillan
- Institute of Biodiversity Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Campus, Bearsden Road, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - William Weir
- Institute of Biodiversity Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Campus, Bearsden Road, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - Ewen D D Calder
- Institute of Biodiversity Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Campus, Bearsden Road, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - Isabel Hostettler
- Institute for Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Utpal Tatu
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560 012, India
| | - Eileen Devaney
- Institute of Biodiversity Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Campus, Bearsden Road, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - Brian R Shiels
- Institute of Biodiversity Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Campus, Bearsden Road, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
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9
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Zhang W, Li L, Xia N, Zhou Y, Fang R, He L, Hu M, Shen B, Zhao J. Analysis of the virulence determination mechanisms in a local Toxoplasma strain (T.gHB1) isolated from central China. Parasitol Res 2016; 115:3807-15. [PMID: 27225000 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-016-5141-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Several rhoptry proteins (ROPs) have been confirmed to be critical virulence factors of Toxoplasma gondii strains from North America and Europe. The two active kinases ROP17 and ROP18, and pseudokinase ROP5 were thought to be the key determinants of parasites' virulence in laboratory mice. Given the genetic diversity of Toxoplasma strains from different geographical regions, the virulence determinants in other strains, particularly the ones that are phylogenetically distant to the North American and European strains, are yet to be elucidated. In this study, we sought to examine the contribution of three known virulence factors to the virulence of a type I strain (T.gHB1) isolated from Central China. We deleted ROP17 and ROP18 individually, as well as in combination with GRA7 by the CRISPR-Cas9 system in this local isolate. Subsequent virulence tests in mice indicated that deletion of GRA7, ROP17, or ROP18 in T.gHB1showed similar attenuation in mice as the type I RH strain lacking the corresponding proteins. However, in contrast to the reported double knockouts in RH, double deletions of GRA7 plus ROP17 or GRA7 plus ROP18 in T.gHB1 did not show significant further virulence attenuation compared to the ROP17 or ROP18 single knockouts. These results indicated that GRA7, ROP18 and ROP17 may play different roles in virulence determination in genetically diverse strains of Toxoplasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weichao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory for development of veterinary diagnostic products, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Longjiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory for development of veterinary diagnostic products, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Ningbo Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory for development of veterinary diagnostic products, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Yanqin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory for development of veterinary diagnostic products, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Rui Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory for development of veterinary diagnostic products, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Lan He
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory for development of veterinary diagnostic products, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Min Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.,Key Laboratory for development of veterinary diagnostic products, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Bang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China. .,Key Laboratory for development of veterinary diagnostic products, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - Junlong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China. .,Key Laboratory for development of veterinary diagnostic products, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China. .,Hubei Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
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10
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Yamasaki M, Tsuboi Y, Taniyama Y, Uchida N, Sato R, Nakamura K, Ohta H, Takiguchi M. Molecular cloning, phylogenetic analysis and heat shock response of Babesia gibsoni heat shock protein 90. J Vet Med Sci 2016; 78:1355-60. [PMID: 27149891 PMCID: PMC5053942 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.16-0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The Babesia gibsoni heat shock protein 90 (BgHSP90)
gene was cloned and sequenced. The length of the gene was 2,610 bp with two introns. This
gene was amplified from cDNA corresponding to full length coding sequence (CDS) with an
open reading frame of 2,148 bp. A phylogenetic analysis of the CDS of
HSP90 gene showed that B. gibsoni was most closely
related to B. bovis and Babesia sp. BQ1/Lintan and lies
within a phylogenetic cluster of protozoa. Moreover, mRNA transcription profile for
BgHSP90 exposed to high temperature were examined by quantitative
real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. BgHSP90 levels
were elevated when the parasites were incubated at 43°C for 1 hr.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Yamasaki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Small Animal Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
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11
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He L, Fan L, Liu Q, Hu J, Miao X, Huang Y, He P, He J, Yu L, Khan MK, Zhou Y, Shen B, Zhao J. Identification and characterization of a novel 34 kDa merozoite protein in Babesia orientalis. Vet Parasitol 2015; 212:411-6. [PMID: 26169218 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2015.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Revised: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A novel Babesia orientalis 34 kDa protein (designated BoP34) was obtained by immunoscreening of a cDNA expression library using B. orientalis infected water buffalo serum. The complete nucleotide sequence of the BoP34 was 1088 bp, which contained one open reading frame (ORF), two untranslated regions (UTRs) and a poly (A) tail. The length of ORF was 933 bp, encoding a polypeptide of 310 aa with a predicted size of 34 kDa. BLAST analysis showed that the nucleotide sequence of BoP34 had 71% similarity with that of the Babesia bovis gene XM_001611335, which encodes a nuclear movement family protein. This suggested that BoP34 is a homologous of the movement family protein. Structural analysis of the BoP34 protein indicated a CS domain which may interact with the ATPase domain of the heat shock protein 90. A truncated version of BoP34 was cloned into the expression vector pET-32a and subsequently expressed and purified from the Escherichia coli Rosetta™ (DE3) pLysS stain as a Trx-fusion (designated rBoP34-T). Antibodies in the serum of a B. orientalis-infected water buffalo were able to recognize this protein in immune-bloting analysis. Rabbit antibodies raised against rBoP34-T could detecte native BoP34 (34 kDa) in B. orientalis-infected water buffalo erythrocytes. These results suggested that BoP34 might be a good diagnostic antigen for the specific detection of anti-B. orientalis antibody in water buffalo. Further research is required to explore the biological function and diagnostic potential of this molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan He
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Lizhe Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Qin Liu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jinfang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Xiaoyan Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Yuan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Pei He
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Junwei He
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Long Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Muhammad Kasib Khan
- Department of Parasitology, University of Agricultural, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Yanqin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Bang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Junlong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
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12
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A member of the HSP90 family from ovine Babesia in China: molecular characterization, phylogenetic analysis and antigenicity. Parasitology 2015; 142:1387-97. [PMID: 26156495 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182015000797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is a key component of the molecular chaperone complex essential for activating many signalling proteins involved in the development and progression of pathogenic cellular transformation. A Hsp90 gene (BQHsp90) was cloned and characterized from Babesia sp. BQ1 (Lintan), an ovine Babesia isolate belonging to Babesia motasi-like group, by screening a cDNA expression library and performing rapid amplification of cDNA ends. The full-length cDNA of BQHsp90 is 2399 bp with an open reading frame of 2154 bp encoding a predicted 83 kDa polypeptide with 717 amino acid residues. It shows significant homology and similar structural characteristics to Hsp90 of other apicomplex organisms. Phylogenetic analysis, based on the HSP90 amino acid sequences, showed that the Babesia genus is clearly separated from other apicomplexa genera. Five Chinese ovine Babesia isolates were divided into 2 phylogenetic clusters, namely Babesia sp. Xinjiang (previously designated a new species) cluster and B. motasi-like cluster which could be further divided into 2 subclusters (Babesia sp. BQ1 (Lintan)/Babesia sp. Tianzhu and Babesia sp. BQ1 (Ningxian)/Babesia sp. Hebei). Finally, the antigenicity of rBQHSP90 protein from prokaryotic expression was also evaluated using western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
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