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Chen M, Liang H, Wu M, Ge H, Ma Y, Shen Y, Lu S, Shen C, Zhang H, Wang Z, Tang L. Fgf9 regulates bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell fate and bone-fat balance in osteoporosis by PI3K/AKT/Hippo and MEK/ERK signaling. Int J Biol Sci 2024; 20:3461-3479. [PMID: 38993574 PMCID: PMC11234224 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.94863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone-fat balance is crucial to maintain bone homeostasis. As common progenitor cells of osteoblasts and adipocytes, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are delicately balanced for their differentiation commitment. However, the exact mechanisms governing BMSC cell fate are unclear. In this study, we discovered that fibroblast growth factor 9 (Fgf9), a cytokine expressed in the bone marrow niche, controlled bone-fat balance by influencing the cell fate of BMSCs. Histomorphology and cytodifferentiation analysis showed that Fgf9 loss-of-function mutation (S99N) notably inhibited bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) formation and alleviated ovariectomy-induced bone loss and BMAT accumulation in adult mice. Furthermore, in vitro and in vivo investigations demonstrated that Fgf9 altered the differentiation potential of BMSCs, shifting from osteogenesis to adipogenesis at the early stages of cell commitment. Transcriptomic and gene expression analyses demonstrated that FGF9 upregulated the expression of adipogenic genes while downregulating osteogenic gene expression at both mRNA and protein levels. Mechanistic studies revealed that FGF9, through FGFR1, promoted adipogenic gene expression via PI3K/AKT/Hippo pathways and inhibited osteogenic gene expression via MAPK/ERK pathway. This study underscores the crucial role of Fgf9 as a cytokine regulating the bone-fat balance in adult bone, suggesting that FGF9 is a potentially therapeutic target in the treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingmei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Research Center for Experimental Medicine, Rui-Jin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Hui Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Research Center for Experimental Medicine, Rui-Jin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Min Wu
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Rui-Jin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Haoyang Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Research Center for Experimental Medicine, Rui-Jin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Ruijin Hospital Lu Wan Branch, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yan Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Research Center for Experimental Medicine, Rui-Jin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Shunyuan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Research Center for Experimental Medicine, Rui-Jin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Chunling Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Research Center for Experimental Medicine, Rui-Jin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Hongxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Research Center for Experimental Medicine, Rui-Jin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Zhugang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Research Center for Experimental Medicine, Rui-Jin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Lingyun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Research Center for Experimental Medicine, Rui-Jin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
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Alfonzo-Méndez MA, Strub MP, Taraska JW. Crosstalk of growth factor receptors at plasma membrane clathrin-coated sites. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.16.594559. [PMID: 38903101 PMCID: PMC11188102 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.16.594559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Cellular communication is regulated at the plasma membrane by the interactions of receptor, adhesion, signaling, exocytic, and endocytic proteins. Yet, the composition and control of these nanoscale complexes in response to external cues remain unclear. Here, we use high-resolution and high-throughput fluorescence imaging to map the localization of growth factor receptors and related proteins at single clathrin-coated structures across the plasma membrane of human squamous HSC3 cells. We find distinct protein signatures between control cells and cells stimulated with ligands. Clathrin sites at the plasma membrane are preloaded with some receptors but not others. Stimulation with epidermal growth factor induces a capture and concentration of epidermal growth factor-, fibroblast growth factor-, and low-density lipoprotein-receptors (EGFR, FGFR, and LDLR). Regulatory proteins including ubiquitin ligase Cbl, the scaffold Grb2, and the mechanoenzyme dynamin2 are also recruited. Disrupting FGFR or EGFR individually with drugs prevents the recruitment of both EGFR and FGFR. Our data reveals novel crosstalk between multiple unrelated receptors and regulatory factors at clathrin-coated sites in response to stimulation by a single growth factor, EGF. This behavior integrates growth factor signaling and allows for complex responses to extracellular cues and drugs at the plasma membrane of human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco A. Alfonzo-Méndez
- Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Building 50, 50 South Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Marie-Paule Strub
- Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Building 50, 50 South Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Justin W. Taraska
- Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Building 50, 50 South Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892
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Lin Q, Serratore A, Perri J, Roy Chaudhuri T, Qu J, Ma WW, Kandel ES, Straubinger RM. Expression of fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 correlates inversely with the efficacy of single-agent fibroblast growth factor receptor-specific inhibitors in pancreatic cancer. Br J Pharmacol 2024; 181:1383-1403. [PMID: 37994108 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Elevated fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) activity correlates with pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) progression and poor prognosis. However, its potential as a therapeutic target remains largely unexplored. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The mechanisms of action and therapeutic effects of selective pan-FGFR inhibitors (pan-FGFRi) were explored using in vitro and in vivo PDAC models ranging from gemcitabine-sensitive to highly gemcitabine-resistant (GemR). Gain-/loss-of-function investigations were employed to define the role of individual FGFRs in cell proliferation, migration, and treatment response and resistance. RESULTS The pan-FGFRi NVP-BGJ398 significantly inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and downregulated key cell survival- and invasiveness markers in multiple PDAC cell lines. Gemcitabine is a standard-of-care for PDAC, but development of resistance to gemcitabine (GemR) compromises its efficacy. Acquired GemR was modelled experimentally by developing highly GemR cells using escalating gemcitabine exposure in vitro and in vivo. FGFRi treatment inhibited GemR cell proliferation, migration, GemR marker expression, and tumour progression. FGFR2 or FGFR3 loss-of-function by shRNA knockdown failed to decrease cell growth, whereas FGFR1 knockdown was lethal. FGFR1 overexpression promoted cell migration more than proliferation, and reduced FGFRi-mediated inhibition of proliferation and migration. Single-agent FGFRi suppressed the viability and growth of multiple patient-derived xenografts inversely with respect to FGFR1 expression, underscoring the influence of FGFR1-dependent tumour responses to FGFRi. Importantly, secondary data analysis showed that PDAC tumours expressed FGFR1 at lower levels than in normal pancreas tissue. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Single-agent FGFR inhibitors mediate selective, molecularly-targeted suppression of PDAC proliferation, and their effects are greatest in PDAC tumours expressing low-to-moderate levels of FGFR1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxiang Lin
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA
- New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics & Life Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Andrea Serratore
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Jonathan Perri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Tista Roy Chaudhuri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA
- New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics & Life Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Jun Qu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA
- New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics & Life Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Wen Wee Ma
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Eugene S Kandel
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Robert M Straubinger
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA
- New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics & Life Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, USA
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Lin Q, Serratore A, Niu J, Shen S, Roy Chaudhuri T, Ma WW, Qu J, Kandel ES, Straubinger RM. Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 inhibition suppresses pancreatic cancer chemoresistance and chemotherapy-driven aggressiveness. Drug Resist Updat 2024; 73:101064. [PMID: 38387284 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2024.101064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is often intrinsically-resistant to standard-of-care chemotherapies such as gemcitabine. Acquired gemcitabine resistance (GemR) can arise from treatment of initially-sensitive tumors, and chemotherapy can increase tumor aggressiveness. We investigated the molecular mechanisms of chemoresistance and chemotherapy-driven tumor aggressiveness, which are understood incompletely. METHODS Differential proteomic analysis was employed to investigate chemotherapy-driven chemoresistance drivers and responses of PDAC cells and patient-derived tumor xenografts (PDX) having different chemosensitivities. We also investigated the prognostic value of FGFR1 expression in the efficacy of selective pan-FGFR inhibitor (FGFRi)-gemcitabine combinations. RESULTS Quantitative proteomic analysis of a highly-GemR cell line revealed fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) as the highest-expressed receptor tyrosine kinase. FGFR1 knockdown or FGFRi co-treatment enhanced gemcitabine efficacy and decreased GemR marker expression, implicating FGFR1 in augmentation of GemR. FGFRi treatment reduced PDX tumor progression and prolonged survival significantly, even in highly-resistant tumors in which neither single-agent showed efficacy. Gemcitabine exacerbated aggressiveness of highly-GemR tumors, based upon proliferation and metastatic markers. Combining FGFRi with gemcitabine or gemcitabine+nab-paclitaxel reversed tumor aggressiveness and progression, and prolonged survival significantly. In multiple PDAC PDXs, FGFR1 expression correlated with intrinsic tumor gemcitabine sensitivity. CONCLUSION FGFR1 drives chemoresistance and tumor aggressiveness, which FGFRi can reverse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxiang Lin
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics & Life Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Andrea Serratore
- New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics & Life Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Jin Niu
- New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics & Life Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Shichen Shen
- New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics & Life Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Tista Roy Chaudhuri
- New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics & Life Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Wen Wee Ma
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Jun Qu
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics & Life Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Eugene S Kandel
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Robert M Straubinger
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics & Life Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA; Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
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Zhou Y, Sun S, Ling T, Chen Y, Zhou R, You Q. The role of fibroblast growth factor 18 in cancers: functions and signaling pathways. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1124520. [PMID: 37228502 PMCID: PMC10203589 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1124520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor 18(FGF18) is a member of the fibroblast growth factor family (FGFs). FGF18 is a class of bioactive substances that can conduct biological signals, regulate cell growth, participate in tissue repair and other functions, and can promote the occurrence and development of different types of malignant tumors through various mechanisms. In this review, we focus on recent studies of FGF18 in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of tumors in digestive, reproductive, urinary, respiratory, motor, and pediatric systems. These findings suggest that FGF18 may play an increasingly important role in the clinical evaluation of these malignancies. Overall, FGF18 can function as an important oncogene at different gene and protein levels, and can be used as a potential new therapeutic target and prognostic biomarker for these tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Zhou
- Department of Biotherapy, Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sizheng Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tao Ling
- Department of Biotherapy, Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongzhen Chen
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rongzhong Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zaoyang First People’s Hosipital, Zaoyang, China
| | - Qiang You
- Department of Biotherapy, Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Parthasarathy G, Pattison MB, Midkiff CC. The FGF/FGFR system in the microglial neuroinflammation with Borrelia burgdorferi: likely intersectionality with other neurological conditions. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:10. [PMID: 36650549 PMCID: PMC9847051 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-022-02681-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lyme neuroborreliosis, caused by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi affects both the central and peripheral nervous systems (CNS, PNS). The CNS manifestations, especially at later stages, can mimic/cause many other neurological conditions including psychiatric disorders, dementia, and others, with a likely neuroinflammatory basis. The pathogenic mechanisms associated with Lyme neuroborreliosis, however, are not fully understood. METHODS In this study, using cultures of primary rhesus microglia, we explored the roles of several fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) and fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) in neuroinflammation associated with live B. burgdorferi exposure. FGFR specific siRNA and inhibitors, custom antibody arrays, ELISAs, immunofluorescence and microscopy were used to comprehensively analyze the roles of these molecules in microglial neuroinflammation due to B. burgdorferi. RESULTS FGFR1-3 expressions were upregulated in microglia in response to B. burgdorferi. Inhibition of FGFR 1, 2 and 3 signaling using siRNA and three different inhibitors showed that FGFR signaling is proinflammatory in response to the Lyme disease bacterium. FGFR1 activation also contributed to non-viable B. burgdorferi mediated neuroinflammation. Analysis of the B. burgdorferi conditioned microglial medium by a custom antibody array showed that several FGFs are induced by the live bacterium including FGF6, FGF10 and FGF12, which in turn induce IL-6 and/or CXCL8, indicating a proinflammatory nature. To our knowledge, this is also the first-ever described role for FGF6 and FGF12 in CNS neuroinflammation. FGF23 upregulation, in addition, was observed in response to the Lyme disease bacterium. B. burgdorferi exposure also downregulated many FGFs including FGF 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 16, 20 and 21. Some of the upregulated FGFs have been implicated in major depressive disorder (MDD) or dementia development, while the downregulated ones have been demonstrated to have protective roles in epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, spinal cord injury, blood-brain barrier stability, and others. CONCLUSIONS In this study we show that FGFRs and FGFs are novel inducers of inflammatory mediators in Lyme neuroborreliosis. It is likely that an unresolved, long-term (neuro)-Lyme infection can contribute to the development of other neurologic conditions in susceptible individuals either by augmenting pathogenic FGFs or by suppressing ameliorative FGFs or both.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geetha Parthasarathy
- Division of Immunology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, 18703, Three Rivers Road, Room 109, Covington, LA, 70433, USA.
| | - Melissa B Pattison
- Division of Microbiology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, 18703, Three Rivers Road, Covington, LA, 70433, USA
| | - Cecily C Midkiff
- Division of Comparative Pathology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, 18703, Three Rivers Road, Covington, LA, 70433, USA
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Yellapragada V, Eskici N, Wang Y, Madhusudan S, Vaaralahti K, Tuuri T, Raivio T. Time and dose-dependent effects of FGF8-FGFR1 signaling in GnRH neurons derived from human pluripotent stem cells. Dis Model Mech 2022; 15:276003. [PMID: 35833364 PMCID: PMC9403748 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor 8 (FGF8), acting through the fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1), has an important role in the development of gonadotropin-releasing hormone-expressing neurons (GnRH neurons). We hypothesized that FGF8 regulates differentiation of human GnRH neurons in a time- and dose-dependent manner via FGFR1. To investigate this further, human pluripotent stem cells were differentiated during 10 days of dual-SMAD inhibition into neural progenitor cells, followed either by treatment with FGF8 at different concentrations (25 ng/ml, 50 ng/ml or 100 ng/ml) for 10 days or by treatment with 100 ng/ml FGF8 for different durations (2, 4, 6 or 10 days); cells were then matured through DAPT-induced inhibition of Notch signaling for 5 days into GnRH neurons. FGF8 induced expression of GNRH1 in a dose-dependent fashion and the duration of FGF8 exposure correlated positively with gene expression of GNRH1 (P<0.05, Rs=0.49). However, cells treated with 100 ng/ml FGF8 for 2 days induced the expression of genes, such as FOXG1, ETV5 and SPRY2, and continued FGF8 treatment induced the dynamic expression of several other genes. Moreover, during exposure to FGF8, FGFR1 localized to the cell surface and its specific inhibition with the FGFR1 inhibitor PD166866 reduced expression of GNRH1 (P<0.05). In neurons, FGFR1 also localized to the nucleus. Our results suggest that dose- and time-dependent FGF8 signaling via FGFR1 is indispensable for human GnRH neuron ontogeny. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper. Summary: This article demonstrates the essential role FGF8–FGFR1 signaling has in the development of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-expressing neurons by using a human stem cell model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkatram Yellapragada
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program (STEMM), Faculty of Medicine, 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Medicum, Faculty of Medicine, 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nazli Eskici
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program (STEMM), Faculty of Medicine, 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Medicum, Faculty of Medicine, 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Yafei Wang
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program (STEMM), Faculty of Medicine, 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Medicum, Faculty of Medicine, 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Shrinidhi Madhusudan
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program (STEMM), Faculty of Medicine, 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Medicum, Faculty of Medicine, 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kirsi Vaaralahti
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program (STEMM), Faculty of Medicine, 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Medicum, Faculty of Medicine, 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo Tuuri
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 00029 Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Taneli Raivio
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program (STEMM), Faculty of Medicine, 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Medicum, Faculty of Medicine, 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,New Children's Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, 00029 Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Zheng J, Zhang W, Li L, He Y, Wei Y, Dang Y, Nie S, Guo Z. Signaling Pathway and Small-Molecule Drug Discovery of FGFR: A Comprehensive Review. Front Chem 2022; 10:860985. [PMID: 35494629 PMCID: PMC9046545 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.860985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeted therapy is a groundbreaking innovation for cancer treatment. Among the receptor tyrosine kinases, the fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) garnered substantial attention as promising therapeutic targets due to their fundamental biological functions and frequently observed abnormality in tumors. In the past 2 decades, several generations of FGFR kinase inhibitors have been developed. This review starts by introducing the biological basis of FGF/FGFR signaling. It then gives a detailed description of different types of small-molecule FGFR inhibitors according to modes of action, followed by a systematic overview of small-molecule-based therapies of different modalities. It ends with our perspectives for the development of novel FGFR inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Zufeng Guo
- *Correspondence: Shenyou Nie, ; Zufeng Guo,
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Identification of a Resistance Mechanism to IGF-IR Targeting in Human Triple Negative MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cells. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11040527. [PMID: 33916323 PMCID: PMC8065809 DOI: 10.3390/biom11040527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is associated with unfavorable prognosis and high relapse rates following chemotherapy. There is an urgent need to develop effective targeted therapy for this BC subtype. The type I insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-IR) was identified as a potential target for BC management. We previously reported on the production of the IGF-Trap, a soluble IGF-1R fusion protein that reduces the bioavailability of circulating IGF-1 and IGF-2 to the cognate receptor, impeding signaling. In nude mice xenotransplanted with the human TNBC MDA-MB-231 cells, we found variable responses to this inhibitor. We used this model to investigate potential resistance mechanisms to IGF-targeted therapy. We show here that prolonged exposure of MDA-MB-231 cells to the IGF-Trap in vitro selected a resistant subpopulation that proliferated unhindered in the presence of the IGF-Trap. We identified in these cells increased fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) activation levels that sensitized them to the FGFR1-specific tyrosine kinase inhibitor PD166866. Treatment with this inhibitor caused cell cycle arrest in both the parental and resistant cells, markedly increasing cell death in the latter. When combined with the IGF-Trap, an increase in cell cycle arrest was observed in the resistant cells. Moreover, FGFR1 silencing increased the sensitivity of these cells to IGF-Trap treatment in vivo. Our data identify increased FGFR1 signaling as a resistance mechanism to targeted inhibition of the IGF-IR and suggest that dual IGF-1R/FGFR1 blockade may be required to overcome TNBC cell resistance to IGF-axis inhibitors.
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10
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Zhuang C, Huang X, Zhuang C, Luo X, Zhang X, Cai Z, Gui Y. Synthetic regulatory RNAs selectively suppress the progression of bladder cancer. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2017; 36:151. [PMID: 29084575 PMCID: PMC5663129 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-017-0626-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The traditional treatment for cancer is lack of specificity and efficacy. Modular synthetic regulatory RNAs, such as inhibitive RNA (iRNA) and active RNA (aRNA), may overcome these limitations. Here, we synthesize a new iRNA to bind the upstream activating sequence (UAS) of a minimal promoter that drives expression of artificial miRNAs (amiRNAs) targeting MYC, which represses the binding interaction between UAS and GAL4 fusion protein (GAL4-VP64) in GAL4/UAS system. The aRNA driven by a tumor-specific mutant human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) promoter is created to interact with iRNA to expose UAS again in bladder cancer. Without the aRNA, mRNA and protein levels of MYC, cell growth, cell apoptosis and cell migration were no significance in two bladder cancer cell lines, T24 and 5637, and human foreskin fibroblast (HFF) cells. The aRNA significantly inhibited the expression of MYC in mRNA and protein levels, as well as the proliferation and migration of the cancer cells, but not in HFF cells. These results indicated that regulatory RNAs selectively controlled the expression of amiRNAs and ultimately suppress the progression of bladder cancer cells without affecting normal cells. Synthetic regulatory RNAs might be a selective therapeutic approach for bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengle Zhuang
- Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Institute of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen-Peking University-the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinbo Huang
- Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Institute of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen-Peking University-the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Changshui Zhuang
- Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Institute of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen-Peking University-the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomin Luo
- Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Institute of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen-Peking University-the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiming Cai
- Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Institute of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen-Peking University-the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaoting Gui
- Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Institute of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen-Peking University-the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China.
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Nam SH, Lkhagvasuren K, Seo HW, Kim JK. Antiangiogenic Effects of Ziyuglycoside II, a Major Active Compound ofSanguisorba officinalisL. Phytother Res 2017; 31:1449-1456. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Hyeon Nam
- Department of Biomedical Science; Catholic University of Daegu; Gyeongsan-si 38430 Korea
| | - Khaliunaa Lkhagvasuren
- Department of Biomedical Science; Catholic University of Daegu; Gyeongsan-si 38430 Korea
| | - Hee Won Seo
- Department of Biomedical Science; Catholic University of Daegu; Gyeongsan-si 38430 Korea
| | - Jin-Kyung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science; Catholic University of Daegu; Gyeongsan-si 38430 Korea
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Murayama N, Noshita T, Ogino R, Masuda T, Kadoshima T, Oka T, Ueno N, Takemoto N, Toba T, Ueno S, Schulze W, Igawa Y, Morita Y, Inoue T. SUN11602-induced hyperexpression of calbindin D-28k is pivotal for the survival of hippocampal neurons under neurotoxic conditions. Brain Res 2015; 1594:71-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.10.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Revised: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Ceccarelli S, Romano F, Angeloni A, Marchese C. Potential dual role of KGF/KGFR as a target option in novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of cancers and mucosal damages. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2012; 16:377-93. [PMID: 22443411 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2012.671813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) and its receptor KGFR play a pivotal role in regulating cell proliferation, migration, differentiation and survival, in response to injury and tissue repair. Altered expression of this pathway in cancer opened the way to the development of targeted therapy to achieve KGFR inhibition. Nevertheless, KGF administration has been demonstrated to ameliorate oral mucositis resulting from chemoradiotherapy, besides protecting epithelial cells against radiation-induced damage. AREAS COVERED This review focuses on the potential therapeutic interest of KGF/KGFR in two different areas: selective inhibition of KGFR signaling for the treatment of cancers characterized by upregulation of this pathway and administration of KGF to protect epithelial cells from induced damage. The review presents an overview of therapeutic strategies in both directions. EXPERT OPINION KGF/KGFR signaling can contribute to enhancing the malignant potential of epithelial cells and to promoting tumorigenesis. On the other hand, the therapeutic use of KGF in cancer patients provides epithelial protection, reducing chemotherapy side effects. FGFRs have become attractive antitumor targets and various inhibitors have been used to contrast tumor cell growth. The identification of KGFR-specific molecules might represent a promising therapeutic strategy that could increase the window of available agents and treatment methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Ceccarelli
- Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Experimental Medicine, Roma, Italy
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