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Albakova Z, Mangasarova Y, Sapozhnikov A. Impaired Heat Shock Protein Expression in Activated T Cells in B-Cell Lymphoma. Biomedicines 2022; 10:2747. [PMID: 36359267 PMCID: PMC9687880 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are molecular chaperones that act in a variety of cellular processes, ensuring protein homeostasis and integrity. HSPs play critical roles in the modulation of various immune cells. However, the role of HSPs in T cell activation is largely unknown. We show that HSPs are upregulated following CD3/CD28 stimulation, suggesting that HSP expression might be regulated via TCR. We found that B-cell lymphoma (BCL) patients have dysregulated expression of intracellular and extracellular HSPs, immune checkpoints PD-1, CTLA-4, and STAT3 in CD3/CD28-activated T cells. Consistent with previous findings, we show that HSP90 inhibition downregulated CD4 and CD8 surface markers in healthy controls and BCL patients. HSP90 inhibition alone or in combination with PD-1 or CTLA-4 inhibitors differentially affected CD4+ and CD8+ T cell degranulation responses when stimulated with allogeneic DCs or CD3/CD28 in BCL patients. Additionally, we showed that HSP90 inhibition does not significantly affect intracellular PD-1 and CTLA-4 expression in CD3/CD28-activated T cells. These findings may provide the basis for the discovery of novel immunological targets for the treatment of cancer patients and improve our understanding of HSP functions in immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zarema Albakova
- Department of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119192, Russia
- Chokan Limited Liability Partnership (LLP), Almaty 050039, Kazakhstan
| | - Yana Mangasarova
- National Medical Research Center for Hematology, Moscow 125167, Russia
| | - Alexander Sapozhnikov
- Department of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119192, Russia
- Department of Immunology, Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia
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2
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Zhang Y, Ware MB, Zaidi MY, Ruggieri AN, Olson BM, Komar H, Farren MR, Nagaraju GP, Zhang C, Chen Z, Sarmiento JM, Ahmed R, Maithel SK, El-Rayes BF, Lesinski GB. Heat Shock Protein-90 Inhibition Alters Activation of Pancreatic Stellate Cells and Enhances the Efficacy of PD-1 Blockade in Pancreatic Cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2021; 20:150-160. [PMID: 33037138 PMCID: PMC7790996 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-19-0911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a prominent fibrotic stroma, which is a result of interactions between tumor, immune and pancreatic stellate cells (PSC), or cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF). Targeting inflammatory pathways present within the stroma may improve access of effector immune cells to PDAC and response to immunotherapy. Heat shock protein-90 (Hsp90) is a chaperone protein and a versatile target in pancreatic cancer. Hsp90 regulates a diverse array of cellular processes of relevance to both the tumor and the immune system. However, to date the role of Hsp90 in PSC/CAF has not been explored in detail. We hypothesized that Hsp90 inhibition would limit inflammatory signals, thereby reprogramming the PDAC tumor microenvironment to enhance sensitivity to PD-1 blockade. Treatment of immortalized and primary patient PSC/CAF with the Hsp90 inhibitor XL888 decreased IL6, a key cytokine that orchestrates immune changes in PDAC at the transcript and protein level in vitro XL888 directly limited PSC/CAF growth and reduced Jak/STAT and MAPK signaling intermediates and alpha-SMA expression as determined via immunoblot. Combined therapy with XL888 and anti-PD-1 was efficacious in C57BL/6 mice bearing syngeneic subcutaneous (Panc02) or orthotopic (KPC-Luc) tumors. Tumors from mice treated with both XL888 and anti-PD-1 had a significantly increased CD8+ and CD4+ T-cell infiltrate and a unique transcriptional profile characterized by upregulation of genes associated with immune response and chemotaxis. These data demonstrate that Hsp90 inhibition directly affects PSC/CAF in vitro and enhances the efficacy of anti-PD-1 blockade in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Zhang
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Michael B Ware
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Mohammad Y Zaidi
- Department of Surgery, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Amanda N Ruggieri
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Brian M Olson
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Hannah Komar
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Matthew R Farren
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Ganji Purnachandra Nagaraju
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Zhengjia Chen
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Juan M Sarmiento
- Department of Surgery, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | | - Shishir K Maithel
- Department of Surgery, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Bassel F El-Rayes
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
| | - Gregory B Lesinski
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
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Lee S, Son B, Park G, Kim H, Kang H, Jeon J, Youn H, Youn B. Immunogenic Effect of Hyperthermia on Enhancing Radiotherapeutic Efficacy. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E2795. [PMID: 30227629 PMCID: PMC6164993 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperthermia is a cancer treatment where tumor tissue is heated to around 40 °C. Hyperthermia shows both cancer cell cytotoxicity and immune response stimulation via immune cell activation. Immunogenic responses encompass the innate and adaptive immune systems, involving the activation of macrophages, natural killer cells, dendritic cells, and T cells. Moreover, hyperthermia is commonly used in combination with different treatment modalities, such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy, for better clinical outcomes. In this review, we will focus on hyperthermia-induced immunogenic effects and molecular events to improve radiotherapy efficacy. The beneficial potential of integrating radiotherapy with hyperthermia is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungmin Lee
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea.
| | - Beomseok Son
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea.
| | - Gaeul Park
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea.
| | - Hyunwoo Kim
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea.
| | - Hyunkoo Kang
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea.
| | - Jaewan Jeon
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea.
| | - HyeSook Youn
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea.
| | - BuHyun Youn
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea.
- Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea.
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Hajek E, Krebs F, Bent R, Haas K, Bast A, Steinmetz I, Tuettenberg A, Grabbe S, Bros M. BRAF inhibitors stimulate inflammasome activation and interleukin 1 beta production in dendritic cells. Oncotarget 2018; 9:28294-28308. [PMID: 29983861 PMCID: PMC6033361 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the most dangerous form of skin cancer with a growing incidence over the last decades. Fourty percent of all melanomas harbor a mutation in the signaling adaptor BRAF (V600E) that results in ERK hyperactivity as an oncogenic driver. In these cases, treatment with the BRAFV600E inhibitors Vemurafenib (VEM) or Dabrafenib (DAB) coapplied with the MEK1/2 inhibitors Cobimetinib (COB) or Trametinib (TRA) can result in long-term suppression of tumor growth. Besides direct suppression of ERK activity, these inhibitors have been reported to also modulate tumor immune responses, and exert pro-inflammatory side effects such as fever and rash in some patients. Here we asked for potential effects of BRAFV600E inhibitors on dendritic cells (DC) which are essential for the induction of adaptive anti-tumor responses. Both splenic and bone marrow-derived (BM) mouse dendritic cells (DC) up-regulated costimulator expression (CD80, CD86) in response to DAB but not VEM treatment. Moreover, DAB and to lesser extent VEM enhanced IL-1β (interleukin 1 beta) release by splenic DC, and by LPS-stimulated BMDC. We demonstrate that DAB and VEM activated the NLRC4/Caspase-1 inflammasome. At high concentration, DAB also induced inflammasome activation independent of Caspase-1. TRA and COB elevated MHCII expression on BMDC, and modulated the LPS-induced cytokine pattern. Immunomodulatory activity of DAB and VEM was also observed in human monocyte-derived DC, and DAB induced IL-1β in human primary DC. Altogether, our study shows that BRAFV600E inhibitors upregulate IL-1β release by mouse and human DC which may affect the DC-mediated course of anti-tumor immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Hajek
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Franziska Krebs
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Rebekka Bent
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Katharina Haas
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Antje Bast
- Friedrich Loeffler Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Ivo Steinmetz
- Friedrich Loeffler Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Andrea Tuettenberg
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stephan Grabbe
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Matthias Bros
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
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Addition of 17-(allylamino)-17-demethoxygeldanamycin to a suboptimal caspofungin treatment regimen in neutropenic rats with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis delays the time to death but does not enhance the overall therapeutic efficacy. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180961. [PMID: 28742113 PMCID: PMC5524388 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Caspofungin (CAS) which is used as salvage therapy in patients with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) inhibits the 1,3-β-D-glucan synthesis in Aspergillus fumigatus. Inhibiting 1,3-β-D-glucan synthesis induces a stress response and in an invertebrate model it was demonstrated that inhibiting this response with geldamycin enhanced the therapeutic efficacy of CAS. Since geldamycin itself is toxic to mammalians, the therapeutic efficacy of combining geldamycin with CAS was not studied in rodent models. Therefore in this study we investigated if the geldamycin derivate 17-(allylamino)-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG) was able to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of CAS in vitro and in our IPA model in transiently neutropenic rats. In vitro we confirmed the earlier demonstrated synergy between 17-AAG and CAS in ten A. fumigatus isolates. In vivo we treated A. fumigatus infected neutropenic rats with a sub-optimal dose of 0.75 mg/kg/day CAS and 1 mg/kg/day 17-AAG for ten days. Survival was monitored for 21 days after fungal inoculation. It appeared that the addition 17-AAG delayed death but did not improve overall survival of rats with IPA. Increasing the doses of 17-AAG was not possible due to hepatic toxicity. This study underlines the need to develop less toxic and more fungal specific geldamycin derivatives and the need to test such drugs not only in invertebrate models but also in mammalian models.
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Abstract
Heat-shock protein 90 (HSP90) is a highly conserved molecular chaperone that plays prominent functional roles in nearly all aspects of cell biology. As a chaperone, it interacts with literally hundreds of "clients," many of which are important drivers, regulators, and promoters of cancer. Thus, HSP90 is a high-value target in the development of anticancer therapeutics. Despite its popularity, our overall knowledge of HSP90 in immune function has lagged behind its well-recognized tumor-supportive roles. The use of inhibitors of HSP90 as chemical biological probes has been invaluable in revealing important roles for the chaperone in multiple aspects of immune function. Given this critical link, we must now consider the question of how immune outcomes may be affected by the HSP90 inhibitors currently in clinical development for the treatment of cancer. This chapter will review some of the immunological aspects of HSP90 function in terms of its intracellular and extracellular roles in antigen presentation, immune effector cell tasks, and regulation of inflammatory processes. This review will further examine the value of HSP90 inhibitors within the context of cancer immunotherapy and will discuss how these drugs might be optimally utilized in combination with immune stimulatory approaches against cancer.
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Stankova K, Savova G, Nikolov V, Boteva R. HSP90 Inhibitor Geldanamycin as a Radiation Response Modificator in Human Blood Cells. Dose Response 2015; 13:10.2203_dose-response.14-039.Stankova. [PMID: 26674599 PMCID: PMC4674165 DOI: 10.2203/dose-response.14-039.stankova] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is a highly conserved molecular chaperone, involved in the folding, assembly, stabilization and activation of numerous proteins with unrelated amino acid sequences and functions. Geldanamycin (GA), a natural benzoquinone, can inhibit the chaperone activity of Hsp90. It has been shown that GA can produce superoxide anions and increase the intracellular oxidative stress, which, in addition to the direct inhibition of Hsp90, might also contribute to the modifying effects of the inhibitor on the early response in human mononuclear cells exposed to ionizing radiation. The present study shows that GA antagonizes the radiation-induced suppression on MnSOD and catalase, key enzymes of the radical scavenging systems. By significantly up-regulating catalase levels over the entire range of doses from 0.5 to 4 Gy, the inhibitor of Hsp90 exerted adaptive protection and modified the early radiation response of the human blood cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Stankova
- National Center of Radiobiology and Radiation Protection, Georgi Sofiyski 3, Sofia1606, Bulgaria
| | - Gergana Savova
- National Center of Radiobiology and Radiation Protection, Georgi Sofiyski 3, Sofia1606, Bulgaria
| | - Vladimir Nikolov
- National Center of Radiobiology and Radiation Protection, Georgi Sofiyski 3, Sofia1606, Bulgaria
| | - Rayna Boteva
- National Center of Radiobiology and Radiation Protection, Georgi Sofiyski 3, Sofia1606, Bulgaria
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Wang DH, Zhang YJ, Zhang SB, Liu H, Liu L, Liu FL, Zuo J. Geldanamycin mediates the apoptosis of gastric carcinoma cells through inhibition of EphA2 protein expression. Oncol Rep 2014; 32:2429-36. [PMID: 25310629 DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of EphA2 in the carcinogenesis and progression of gastric carcinoma. Moreover, we aimed to determine the effect of geldanamycin (GA), an inhibitor of Hsp90, on the proliferation and apoptosis of human gastric carcinoma cells. Gastric carcinoma tissues, paired adjacent mucosa and paired normal mucosa were obtained from resected surgical specimens of gastric carcinoma, and EphA2 mRNA and protein levels were assessed by RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis. FCM was used to detect cell cycle distribution and apoptosis. MGC803 cell proliferation and apoptosis were assessed by MTT and FCM, respectively. We found that EphA2 protein was increased in the carcinogenesis of gastric epithelial cells. Proliferation index (PI) was significantly upregulated following an increase in EphA2 expression in gastric carcinoma compared with dysplasia and normal samples, and was notably correlated with grade and lymph node metastasis. Knockdown of EphA2 increased the apoptosis rate and decreased the PI of MGC803 cells, which overexpressed the EphA2 protein. GA inhibited the cell proliferation of MGC803 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner and induced cell apoptosis. In addition, GA decreased the EphA2 protein expression in MGC803 cells. Overexpression of EphA2 inhibited cell growth, blocked cells in the G0/G1 stage and increased cell apoptosis induced by GA in MGC803 cells. However, knockdown of EphA2 in MGC803 cells increased the apoptosis ratio induced by GA. In conclusion, EphA2 overexpression is an important characteristic in the carcinogenesis of gastric epithelial cells, followed by an increase in apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Knockdown of EphA2 blocked MGC803 cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis. In conclusion GA inhibits MGC803 cell proliferation and induces cell apoptosis by upregulating expression of EphA2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Hu Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Jun Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Shijiazhuang People's Medical College, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050091, P.R. China
| | - San-Bing Zhang
- Department of Hand and Feet Surgery, The Third Hospital of Shijiazhuang City, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Hui Liu
- Hebei Cancer Institute, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050012, P.R. China
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050012, P.R. China
| | - Feng-Ling Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050012, P.R. China
| | - Jing Zuo
- Department of Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050012, P.R. China
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