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Carter R, Petrik JJ, Moorehead RA. Overexpression of miR-200s inhibits proliferation and invasion while increasing apoptosis in murine ovarian cancer cells. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0307178. [PMID: 39028700 PMCID: PMC11259287 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0307178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Women diagnosed with ovarian cancer frequently have a poor prognosis as their cancer is often diagnosed at more advanced stages when the cancer has metastasized. At this point surgery cannot remove all the tumor cells and while ovarian cancer cells often initially respond to chemotherapeutic agents like carboplatin and paclitaxel, resistance to these agents frequently occurs. Thus, novel therapies are required for the treatment of advanced stage ovarian cancer. One therapeutic option being explored is the regulation of non-coding RNAs such as microRNAs. An advantage of microRNAs is that they can regulate tens, hundreds and sometimes thousands of mRNAs in cells and thus may be more effective than chemotherapeutic agents or targeted therapies. To investigate the therapeutic potential of miR-200s in ovarian cancer, lentiviral vectors were used to overexpress both miR-200 clusters in two murine ovarian cancer cell lines, ID8 and 28-2. Overexpression of miR-200s reduced the expression of several mesenchymal genes and proteins, significantly inhibited proliferation as assessed by BrdU flow cytometry and significantly reduced invasion through Matrigel coated transwell inserts in both cell lines. Overexpression of miR-200s also increased basal apoptosis approximately 3-fold in both cell lines as determined by annexin V flow cytometry. Pathway analysis of RNA sequencing of control and miR-200 overexpressing ovarian cancer cells revealed that genes regulated by miR-200s were involved in processes like epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cell migration. Therefore, miR-200s can inhibit proliferation and increase apoptosis while suppressing tumor cell invasion and thus simultaneously target three key cancer pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Resh Carter
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Jim J. Petrik
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Roger A. Moorehead
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
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2
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Hu Z, Yuan L, Yang X, Yi C, Lu J. The roles of long non-coding RNAs in ovarian cancer: from functions to therapeutic implications. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1332528. [PMID: 38725621 PMCID: PMC11079149 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1332528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are multifunctional and participate in a variety of biological processes and gene regulatory networks. The deregulation of lncRNAs has been extensively implicated in diverse human diseases, especially in cancers. Overwhelming evidence demonstrates that lncRNAs are essential to the pathophysiological processes of ovarian cancer (OC), acting as regulators involved in metastasis, cell death, chemoresistance, and tumor immunity. In this review, we illustrate the expanded functions of lncRNAs in the initiation and progression of OC and elaborate on the signaling pathways in which they pitch. Additionally, the potential clinical applications of lncRNAs as biomarkers in the diagnosis and treatment of OC were emphasized, cementing the bridge of communication between clinical practice and basic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Lijin Yuan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Huangshi Puren Hospital, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Xiu Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Huangshi Central Hospital, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Cunjian Yi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Jinzhi Lu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
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3
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Frąszczak K, Barczyński B. The Role of Cancer Stem Cell Markers in Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 16:40. [PMID: 38201468 PMCID: PMC10778113 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16010040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynaecological cancer and the eighth most common female cancer. The early diagnosis of ovarian cancer remains a clinical problem despite the significant development of technology. Nearly 70% of patients with ovarian cancer are diagnosed with stages III-IV metastatic disease. Reliable diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers are currently lacking. Ovarian cancer recurrence and resistance to chemotherapy pose vital problems and translate into poor outcomes. Cancer stem cells appear to be responsible for tumour recurrence resulting from chemotherapeutic resistance. These cells are also crucial for tumour initiation due to the ability to self-renew, differentiate, avoid immune destruction, and promote inflammation and angiogenesis. Studies have confirmed an association between CSC occurrence and resistance to chemotherapy, subsequent metastases, and cancer relapses. Therefore, the elimination of CSCs appears important for overcoming drug resistance and improving prognoses. This review focuses on the expression of selected ovarian CSC markers, including CD133, CD44, CD24, CD117, and aldehyde dehydrogenase 1, which show potential prognostic significance. Some markers expressed on the surface of CSCs correlate with clinical features and can be used for the diagnosis and prognosis of ovarian cancer. However, due to the heterogeneity and plasticity of CSCs, the determination of specific CSC phenotypes is difficult.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bartłomiej Barczyński
- 1st Chair and Department of Oncological Gynaecology and Gynaecology, Medical University in Lublin, 20-081 Lublin, Poland;
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4
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Xu H, Zhao F, Wu D, Zhang Y, Bao X, Shi F, Cai Y, Dou J. Eliciting effective tumor immunity against ovarian cancer by cancer stem cell vaccination. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114547. [PMID: 36933377 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Advanced ovarian cancer (OC) patients have limited benefit from current relevant cytotoxic and targeted therapies following debulking surgery. Therefore, new therapeutic strategies are in urgent need. Immunotherapy has shown great potential in tumor treatment, especially in tumor vaccine development. The study objective was to evaluate the immune effects of cancer stem cells (CSCs) vaccines on OC. The CD44+CD117+CSCs were isolated from human OC HO8910 and SKOV3 cells using the magnetic cell sorting system; the cancer stem-like cells were selected from murine OC ID8 cell by no-serum formed sphere culture. The CSC vaccines were prepared by freezing and thawing these CSCs, which were then injected into mice followed by challenging the different OC cells. The in vivo antitumor efficacy of CSC immunization revealed the vaccines were capable of significantly provoking immune responses to autologous tumor antigens in vaccinated mice as the mice were found to have markedly inhibited tumor growth, prolonged survival, and decreased CSC counts in OC tissues when compared to mice without the CSC vaccination. The in vitro cytotoxicities of immunocytes toward SKOV3, HO8910 and ID8 cells indicated a significant killing efficacy compared with the controls. However, the antitumor efficacy was remarkably reduced whilst the mucin-1 expression in CSC vaccines was down-regulated by small interfering RNA. Overall, findings from this study provided the evidence that has deepened our understanding of CSC vaccine immunogenicity and anti-OC efficacy, particularly for the role of dominant antigen mucin-1. It is possible to turn the CSC vaccine into an immunotherapeutic approach against ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Fengshu Zhao
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yunxia Zhang
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xueyang Bao
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Fangfang Shi
- Department of Oncology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yunlang Cai
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jun Dou
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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5
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Cho JG, Kim SW, Lee A, Jeong HN, Yun E, Choi J, Jeong SJ, Chang W, Oh S, Yoo KH, Lee JB, Yoon S, Lee MS, Park JH, Jung MH, Kim SW, Kim KH, Suh DS, Choi KU, Choi J, Kim J, Kwon BS. MicroRNA-dependent inhibition of WEE1 controls cancer stem-like characteristics and malignant behavior in ovarian cancer. MOLECULAR THERAPY - NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 29:803-822. [PMID: 36159587 PMCID: PMC9463562 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2022.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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The Role of MicroRNA in the Regulation of Tumor Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition. Cells 2022; 11:cells11131981. [PMID: 35805066 PMCID: PMC9265548 DOI: 10.3390/cells11131981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Consistently, the high metastasis of cancer cells is the bottleneck in the process of tumor treatment. In this process of metastasis, a pivotal role is executed by epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transformation was first proposed to occur during embryonic development. Later, its important role in explaining embryonic developmental processes was widely reported. Recently, EMT and its intermediate state were also identified as crucial drivers in tumor progression with the gradual deepening of research. To gain insights into the potential mechanism, increasing attention has been focused on the EMT-related transcription factors. Correspondingly, miRNAs target transcription factors to control the EMT process of tumor cells in different types of cancers, while there are still many exciting and challenging questions about the phenomenon of microRNA regulation of cancer EMT. We describe the relevant mechanisms of miRNAs regulating EMT, and trace the regulatory roles and functions of major EMT-related transcription factors, including Snail, Twist, zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox (ZEB), and other families. In addition, on the basis of the complex regulatory network, we hope that the exploration of the regulatory relationship of non-transcription factors will provide a better understanding of EMT and cancer metastasis. The identification of the mechanism leading to the activation of EMT programs during diverse disease processes also provides a new protocol for the plasticity of distinct cellular phenotypes and possible therapeutic interventions. Here, we summarize the recent progress in this direction, with a promising path for further insight into this fast-moving field.
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Ke F, Ren C, Zhai Z, Gao X, Wei J, Zhu Y, Zhi Y. LINC01234 regulates microRNA-27b-5p to induce the migration, invasion and self-renewal of ovarian cancer stem cells through targeting SIRT5. Cell Cycle 2022; 21:1020-1033. [PMID: 35230909 PMCID: PMC9037434 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2022.2040282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
LINC01234 has been suggested to correlate with the survival of ovarian cancer (OS), but its role in the properties of OC stem cells (OCSCs) has been rarely described. We aim to investigate the effect of LINC01234 on the differentiation and self-renewal of OCSCs through adsorption of microRNA (miR)-27b-5p to target sirtuins 5 (SIRT5). Expression of LINC01234 and SIRT5 in OC and normal samples included in TCGA and GTEx was searched through the GEPIA2 database. Bioinformatics analysis was conducted to predict the relation of LINC01234, miR-27b-5p and SIRT5. Expression of LINC01234, miR-27b-5p and SIRT5 in OC tissues and cells was detected. OCSCs were cultured and identified. CD133+ OCSCs were introduced with related oligonucleotides or vectors of LINC01234 or miR-27b-5p and SIRT5 to figure out their roles in OCSCs progression and tumorigenesis in vivo. The interaction of miR-27b-5p with LINC01234 or SIRT5 was analyzed. Bioinformatics analysis suggested that LINC01234 was very likely to influence SIRT5 and regulate the development of OC through miR-27b-5p. Up-regulated LINC01234 exhibited in OC tissues and cells. Down-regulated LINC01234 or elevated miR-27b-5p suppressed OCSCs progression and tumorigenesis in vivo. LINC01234 could restore SIRT5 expression by binding to miR-27b-5p. Down-regulated miR-27b-5p reversed the effect of silenced LINC01234 on OCSCs development and tumorigenesis in vivo. Up-regulation of SIRT5 reduced the effects of elevated miR-27b-5p on OCSCs progression and tumorigenesis in vivo. LINC01234 regulates miR-27b-5p to induce the migration, invasion and self-renewal of OCSCs through targeting SIRT5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Ke
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Chenchen Ren
- Department of Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China,CONTACT Chenchen Ren Department of Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Kangfuqian Street, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Zihan Zhai
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Henan, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jing Wei
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yuanhang Zhu
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yunxiao Zhi
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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8
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Záveský L, Jandáková E, Weinberger V, Hanzíková V, Slanař O, Kohoutová M. Ascites in ovarian cancer: MicroRNA deregulations and their potential roles in ovarian carcinogenesis. Cancer Biomark 2021; 33:1-16. [PMID: 34511487 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-210219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer comprises the most lethal gynecologic malignancy and is accompanied by the high potential for the incidence of metastasis, recurrence and chemotherapy resistance, often associated with a formation of ascitic fluid. The differentially expressed ascites-derived microRNAs may be linked to ovarian carcinogenesis. The article focuses on a number of miRNAs that share a common expression pattern as determined by independent studies using ascites samples and with regard to their functions and outcomes in experimental and clinical investigations.Let-7b and miR-143 have featured as tumor suppressors in ovarian cancer, which is in line with data on other types of cancer. Although two miRNAs, i.e. miR-26a-5p and miR-145-5p, act principally as tumor suppressor miRNAs, they occasionally exhibit oncogenic roles. The performance of miR-95-3p, upregulated in ascites, is open to debate given the current lack of supportive data on ovarian cancer; however, data on other cancers indicates its probable oncogenic role. Different findings have been reported for miR-182-5p and miR-200c-3p; in addition to their presumed oncogenic roles, contrasting findings have indicated their ambivalent functions. Further research is required for the identification and evaluation of the potential of specific miRNAs in the diagnosis, prediction, treatment and outcomes of ovarian cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luděk Záveský
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.,Institute of Pharmacology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Jandáková
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University and University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vít Weinberger
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Masaryk University and University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Hanzíková
- Faculty Transfusion Center, General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Slanař
- Institute of Pharmacology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Milada Kohoutová
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
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9
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Non-Coding RNAs as Biomarkers of Tumor Progression and Metastatic Spread in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13081839. [PMID: 33921525 PMCID: PMC8069230 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13081839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Despite advances in cancer research in recent years, efficient predictive biomarkers of tumor progression and metastatic spread for ovarian cancer are still missing. Therefore, we critically address recent findings in the field of non-coding RNAs (microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs) and DNA methylation in ovarian cancer patients as promising novel biomarkers of ovarian cancer progression. Abstract Ovarian cancer is one of the most common causes of death among gynecological malignancies. Molecular changes occurring in the primary tumor lead to metastatic spread into the peritoneum and the formation of distant metastases. Identification of these changes helps to reveal the nature of metastases development and decipher early biomarkers of prognosis and disease progression. Comparing differences in gene expression profiles between primary tumors and metastases, together with disclosing their epigenetic regulation, provides interesting associations with progression and metastasizing. Regulatory elements from the non-coding RNA families such as microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs seem to participate in these processes and represent potential molecular biomarkers of patient prognosis. Progress in therapy individualization and its proper targeting also rely upon a better understanding of interactions among the above-listed factors. This review aims to summarize currently available findings of microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs linked with tumor progression and metastatic process in ovarian cancer. These biomolecules provide promising tools for monitoring the patient’s response to treatment, and further they serve as potential therapeutic targets of this deadly disease.
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10
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Mansoori B, Silvestris N, Mohammadi A, Khaze V, Baghbani E, Mokhtarzadeh A, Shanehbandi D, Derakhshani A, Duijf PHG, Baradaran B. miR-34a and miR-200c Have an Additive Tumor-Suppressive Effect on Breast Cancer Cells and Patient Prognosis. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:267. [PMID: 33673143 PMCID: PMC7918749 DOI: 10.3390/genes12020267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common women's malignancy in the world and, for subgroups of patients, treatment outcomes remain poor. Thus, more effective therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as promising therapeutic tools and targets, as they play significant roles in regulating key cellular processes by suppressing gene expression. However, additive opportunities involving miRNAs have been underexplored. For example, both miR-34a and miR-200c individually suppress the development of different types of cancer, but the cellular effects of their combined actions remain unknown. Here, we show that miR-34a and miR-200c levels are reduced in breast tumors compared to adjacent normal tissues and that this additively predicts poor patient survival. In addition, in cell lines, miR-34a and miR-200c additively induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, while also inhibiting proliferation, invasion, migration, stemness and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Mechanistically, both miRNA-34a and miR-200c directly target HIF1-α and subsequently downregulate VEGFR, MMP9 and CXCR4, although combined miRNA-34a and miR-200c delivery suppresses mouse xenograft tumor development as effectively as individual delivery. We establish a model, supported by in vitro and clinical data, which collectively suggest that the co-delivery of miR-34a and miR-200c represents a promising novel therapeutic strategy for breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behzad Mansoori
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166614766, Iran; (B.M.); (V.K.); (E.B.); (A.M.); (D.S.); (A.D.)
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166614766, Iran
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000C Odense, Denmark;
| | - Nicola Silvestris
- Medical Oncology Unit-IRCCS IstitutoTumori “Giovanni Paolo II” of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy;
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, DIMO-University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Ali Mohammadi
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000C Odense, Denmark;
| | - Vahid Khaze
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166614766, Iran; (B.M.); (V.K.); (E.B.); (A.M.); (D.S.); (A.D.)
| | - Elham Baghbani
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166614766, Iran; (B.M.); (V.K.); (E.B.); (A.M.); (D.S.); (A.D.)
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166614766, Iran
| | - Ahad Mokhtarzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166614766, Iran; (B.M.); (V.K.); (E.B.); (A.M.); (D.S.); (A.D.)
| | - Dariush Shanehbandi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166614766, Iran; (B.M.); (V.K.); (E.B.); (A.M.); (D.S.); (A.D.)
| | - Afshin Derakhshani
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166614766, Iran; (B.M.); (V.K.); (E.B.); (A.M.); (D.S.); (A.D.)
| | - Pascal H. G. Duijf
- Faculty of Health, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, 37 Kent Street, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
- University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, The University of Queensland, 37 Kent Street, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166614766, Iran; (B.M.); (V.K.); (E.B.); (A.M.); (D.S.); (A.D.)
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166614766, Iran
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11
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Gao Z, Ye X, Bordeaux A, Hettich S, Lin S, Han F, Jia Y. miR-26b regulates cell proliferation and apoptosis of CD117+CD44+ ovarian cancer stem cells by targeting PTEN. Eur J Histochem 2021; 65:3186. [PMID: 33634678 PMCID: PMC7883108 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2021.3186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the one of the most common cancer in women globally. However, it still represents the most dangerous gynecologic malignancy even with the advances in detection and therapeutics. Thus, there is an urgent need in finding more effective therapeutic options for OC patients including cancer stem cells (CSC). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, endogenous, and non-coding RNAs that play critical roles in the progression of various types of tumor. Our aim of this study was to find the regulatory function of microRNA-26 (miRNA-26b) on the cell proliferation and apoptosis of ovarian CSCs. Our studies show that miR-26b is under-regulated in human CD117+CD44+ ovarian CSCs. The miR-26b overexpression inhibits the cell proliferation and promotes cell apoptosis. Moreover, phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is found to be a functional target of miR-26b. Moreover, PTEN overexpression reversed the effects of miR-26b on the cell proliferation and apoptosis. PTEN overexpression remarkably accelerated the cell proliferation, and inhibited cell apoptosis. These results indicate that miR-26b regulates cell proliferation and apoptosis of CD117+CD44+ ovarian CSCs by targeting PTEN.>.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zubiao Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Foshan Chancheng Central Hospital, Foshan, Guangdong.
| | - Xiaofeng Ye
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Foshan Chancheng Central Hospital, Foshan, Guangdong.
| | - Anne Bordeaux
- Department of Pathology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Baden-Wuerttemberg.
| | - Stanka Hettich
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Baden-Wuerttemberg.
| | - Siyao Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Foshan Chancheng Central Hospital, Foshan, Guangdong.
| | - Fang Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Foshan Chancheng Central Hospital, Foshan, Guangdong.
| | - Yan Jia
- Department of Reproductive Immunology, Chengdu Xi' nan Gynecology Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan.
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12
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Singh S, Raza W, Parveen S, Meena A, Luqman S. Flavonoid display ability to target microRNAs in cancer pathogenesis. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 189:114409. [PMID: 33428895 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding, conserved, single-stranded nucleotide sequences involved in physiological and developmental processes. Recent evidence suggests an association between miRNAs' deregulation with initiation, promotion, progression, and drug resistance in cancer cells. Besides, miRNAs are known to regulate the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, angiogenesis, autophagy, and senescence in different cancer types. Previous reports proposed that apart from the antioxidant potential, flavonoids play an essential role in miRNAs modulation associated with changes in cancer-related proteins, tumor suppressor genes, and oncogenes. Thus, flavonoids can suppress proliferation, help in the development of drug sensitivity, suppress metastasis and angiogenesis by modulating miRNAs expression. In the present review, we summarize the role of miRNAs in cancer, drug resistance, and the chemopreventive potential of flavonoids mediated by miRNAs. The potential of flavonoids to modulate miRNAs expression in different cancer types demonstrate their selectivity and importance as regulators of carcinogenesis. Flavonoids as chemopreventive agents targeting miRNAs are extensively studied in vitro, in vivo, and pre-clinical studies, but their efficiency in targeting miRNAs in clinical studies is less investigated. The evidence presented in this review highlights the potential of flavonoids in cancer prevention/treatment by regulating miRNAs, although further investigations are required to validate and establish their clinical usefulness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpi Singh
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Waseem Raza
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India; Jawahar Lal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Shahnaz Parveen
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abha Meena
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Suaib Luqman
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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13
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Alshamrani AA. Roles of microRNAs in Ovarian Cancer Tumorigenesis: Two Decades Later, What Have We Learned? Front Oncol 2020; 10:1084. [PMID: 32850313 PMCID: PMC7396563 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the top gynecological malignancies that cause deaths among females in the United States. At the molecular level, significant progress has been made in our understanding of ovarian cancer development and progression. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, single-stranded, highly conserved non-coding RNA molecules (19–25 nucleotides) that negatively regulate target genes post-transcriptionally. Over the last two decades, mounting evidence has demonstrated the aberrant expression of miRNAs in different human malignancies, including ovarian carcinomas. Deregulated miRNAs can have profound impacts on various cancer hallmarks by repressing tumor suppressor genes. This review will discuss up-to-date knowledge of how the aberrant expression of miRNAs and their targeted genes drives ovarian cancer initiation, proliferation, survival, and resistance to chemotherapies. Understanding the mechanisms by which these miRNAs affect these hallmarks should allow the development of novel therapeutic strategies to treat these lethal malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali A Alshamrani
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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14
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miR-7 Reduces Breast Cancer Stem Cell Metastasis via Inhibiting RELA to Decrease ESAM Expression. MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS 2020; 18:70-82. [PMID: 32637582 PMCID: PMC7327889 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2020.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to present evidence that miR-7 inhibited the metastasis of breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) and elucidated the mechanisms that have remained unknown. The samples collected from miR-7 agomir-treated, BCSC-driven tumors were subjected to a protein array to analyze the protein expression profiles. A dual-luciferase reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation-PCR were used to validate and evaluate the molecular expressions of interest in the collected breast cancer tissues and cell lines. miR-7 overexpression affecting metastasis of BCSCs was further evaluated in mice. The endothelial cell-selective adhesion molecule (ESAM) was highly expressed in breast cancer tissues and in BCSC-driven xenografts. Results of the dual-luciferase reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation-PCR indicated that the miR-7 mimic reduced RELA expression by directly targeting the 3′ UTR of RELA to inhibit ESAM expression in MDA-MB-231 cells. Moreover, the expression levels of RELA, CD44, and ESAM were significantly decreased in lentivirus (Lenti)-miR-7-BCSC-driven xenografts compared with the control xenografts, accompanied with an increase in E-cadherin and a decrease in vimentin expression, as well as reduction in tumor growth and metastasis to lungs. Our data demonstrated that miR-7 overexpression reduced the metastasis of BCSCs via inhibiting ESAM, suggesting that ESAM could be a potential target for breast cancer therapy.
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Abstract
Introduction: Ovarian carcinoma (OC) is the leading cause of death in women with gynecologic cancers. Most patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage with a low five-year survival rate of 20-30%. Discovering novel biomarkers for early detection and outcome prediction of OC is an urgent medical need. miRNAs, a group of small non-coding RNAs, play critical roles in multiple biologic processes and cancer pathogenesis.Areas covered: We provide an in-depth look at the functions of miRNAs in OC, particularly focusing on their roles in chemoresistance and metastasis in OC. We also discuss the biological and clinical significance of miRNAs in exosomes and expand on long non-coding RNA which acts as ceRNA of miRNAs.Expert opinion: miRNAs participate in many biological processes including proliferation, apoptosis, chemoresistance, metastasis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and cancer stem cell. They will substantially contribute to our understanding of OC pathogenesis. Given their resistance to the degradation of ribonucleases and availability in plasma exosomes, miRNAs may serve as emerging biomarkers for cancer detection, therapeutic assessment, and prognostic prediction. Being a messenger, exosomal miRNAs are crucial for the crosstalk between cancer cells and stromal cells in tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huilin Zhang
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Bingjian Lu
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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16
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Involvement of MicroRNA-296 in the Inhibitory Effect of Epigallocatechin Gallate against the Migratory Properties of Anoikis-Resistant Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12040973. [PMID: 32326395 PMCID: PMC7226234 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12040973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Short noncoding endogenous RNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs), are associated with the development and metastasis of multiple cancers. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), the most active and abundant polyphenol in green tea, plays a crucial role in the modulation of miRNA expression, which is related to changes in cancer progression. In the present study, we explore whether EGCG exerts its suppressive effects on nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells through miRNA regulation. The anoikis-resistant sphere-forming NPC cells grown under anchorage-independent conditions exhibit enhanced migratory properties, which were inhibited by EGCG treatment. The miR-296 level was lower in the anoikis-resistant cells than in the monolayer parental cells; however, miR-296 was significantly upregulated after EGCG treatment. We demonstrate that miR-296 is involved in the inhibitory effects of EGCG on the anoikis-resistant NPC cells through the downregulation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) activation. Our study is the first to demonstrate that EGCG inhibited the migratory properties of anoikis-resistant cells by modulating the expression of miRNA in NPC cells. Our results indicate the novel effects of EGCG on miRNA regulation to inhibit an invasive phenotype of NPC as well as the regulatory role of miR-296.
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17
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Shoorei H, Taheri M. miRNA profile in ovarian cancer. Exp Mol Pathol 2020; 113:104381. [PMID: 31954715 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2020.104381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a gynecological cancer with high mortality and a heterogeneous nature which complicates its early detection and primary prevention. Numerous studies have evaluated expression profile microRNAs (miRNAs) in tissue and serum samples of ovarian cancer patients to find appropriate biomarkers for this malignancy. Functional experiments also verified the oncogenic or suppressor effects of a number of miRNAs. miRNAs exert their role through degradation or inhibition of translation of the target mRNA. Through this regulatory function, they modulate numerous cellular processes which are ultimately associated with carcinogenesis. A number of miRNAs including miR-135a-3p, miR-200c, miR-216a and miR-340 regulate epithelial-mesenchymal transition program thus modulate invasiveness of ovarian cancer cell. Others have been shown to regulate some fundamental pathways in carcinogenesis such as mTOR and PI3K/AKT pathways. Such vast area of function of miRNAs in ovarian cancer has suggested them as putative therapeutic options for future years. In this review, we summarize the recent findings regarding the role of miRNAs in ovarian cancer pathogenesis, their application as biomarkers and the future perspectives of this research area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Shoorei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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18
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Yang C, Li H, Zhang T, Chu Y, Chen D, Zuo J. miR-200c overexpression inhibits the invasion and tumorigenicity of epithelial ovarian cancer cells by suppressing lncRNA HOTAIR in mice. J Cell Biochem 2019; 121:1514-1523. [PMID: 31535411 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is a common ovarian cancer in gynecological cancers today. It has been found that microRNAs and long-chain noncoding RNA (lncRNA) regulate the gene transcriptional expression in cells. However, it is not well understood that the upstream and downstream regulatory molecules of lncRNA HOX antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR). The effects of miR-200c overexpression on the invasion and nude mouse tumorigenicity, as well as lncRNA HOTAIR and snail expression of EOC SKOV3 cells, should be further explored. The expression of miR-200c and lncRNA HOTAIR was detected by reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) in EOC SKOV3 cells. The whole miR-200c gene fragment was cloned into a lentiviral plasmid vector. The miR-200c expression in transducted SKOV3 cells with reconstructed miR-200c lentivirus was significantly higher than the negative control (P < .01). The lentivirus-miR-200c-SKOV3 cells show that the invasion ability was significantly decreased compared with the negative control (P < .01). The nude mouse tumorigenicity was significantly decreased compared with that of the control group (P < .01). The snail protein expression in lentivirus-miR-200c-SKOV3 xenograft tumor was significantly decreased compared with the negative control lentivirus-SKOV3 group (P < .05). The miR-200c overexpression significantly decreased the expressions of lncRNA HOTAIR and snail, but increased E-cadherin expression in the lentivirus-miR-200c transducted SKOV3 cells of xenograft tumor, compared with the negative control (P < .05). The miR-200c overexpression in SKOV3 cells with transducted lentivirus-miR-200c can inhibit lncRNA HOTAIR expression, decrease snail, increase E-cadherin and significantly reduce the invasion and tumorigenicity of EOC SKOV3 cells. These results suggest that the miR-200c and lncRNA HOTAIR could be effective therapeutic targets for human epithelial ovarian cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiping Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital North, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huihui Li
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Yifan Chu
- Laboratory Center for Morphology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Dengyu Chen
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Junli Zuo
- Department of Geriatrics, Ruijin Hospital North, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Satapathy S, Kumar C, Singh RK. MicroRNAs as Key Regulators of Ovarian Cancers. CELL MEDICINE 2019; 11:2155179019873849. [PMID: 32634196 PMCID: PMC6732848 DOI: 10.1177/2155179019873849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment can be realistically viewed as an active battle ground between
the host immune system and the growing tumor cells. This reactive space surrounding the
tumor possesses several possibilities and facilitates the progression of a tumor from a
neoplastic stage to that of metastasis. The contemporary approach of understanding the
cancer biology from a “within the cell” perspective has been largely challenged with
complex and intricate “outside the cell” events. Thus understanding the biology of the
tumor microenvironment has been of scientific and clinical interest. Small non-coding
microRNAs with a pleotropic and wide range of cellular gene targets can be reasonably
hypothesized to regulate the events of carcinogenesis and progression. MicroRNAs have been
investigated in different cancer models, and evidence of their involvement in the
regulation of the tumor microenvironment has been of much interest. In particular, a major
interest has been exploring the role of the tumor microenvironment in regulating the
interaction of cancer cells with surrounding stromal components and the effect of such
interactions on the cancer cells. Fine-tuned regulation by these microRNAs extends our
contemporary understanding of these small biomolecules in epigenetic regulations. This
review focuses on microRNAs that are dysregulated in ovarian carcinomas, their effect on
the components of the tumor microenvironment, and the correlation of their heterogeneous
expression profiles with disease severity and prognosis in patients. In addition, this
paper also discusses the differential expression of exosomal microRNAs that are known to
link the cancer cell with its microenvironment, facilitating the development of an
improved prognostic/diagnostic marker and effective therapeutic regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Satapathy
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal, India
| | - Chanchal Kumar
- Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
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20
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Yin S, Yang M, Li X, Zhang K, Tian J, Luo C, Bai R, Lu Y, Wang M. Peripheral blood circulating microRNA-4636/-143 for the prognosis of cervical cancer. J Cell Biochem 2019; 121:596-608. [PMID: 31407404 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the third leading cause of female death in the world. Serum microRNAs (miRNAs) are currently considered to be valuable as noninvasive cancer biomarkers, but their role in the prognosis of cervical cancer has not been elucidated. We aimed to find serum miRNAs that can be used as prognostic factors for cervical cancer. A traumatic pathological biopsy is the only reliable method for determining the severity of cervical cancer currently. Thus, noninvasive diagnostic markers are needed. The serological expression of candidate miRNAs were measured in 90 participants, including 60 patients with cervical cancer and 50 patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Two patients with cervical cancer were excluded from the study because of lack of data. miRNAs were evaluated by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. miR-143/-4636 appeared specific for cervical cancer compared with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (P < .001). The classification performance of validated miRNAs for cervical cancer [Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) = 0.942] was better than that reached by squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC-Ag; AUC = 0.727). Poor-differentiation group has lower miR-143/-4636 levels in serum (P < .05). miR-4636 level was correlated gross tumor volume and the depth of invasion (P < .0001). In our study, we found a combination of miR-143 and miR-4636 that is independently and strongly associated with cervical cancer prognosis and can be used as a clinically prognostic factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Yin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Min Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Xianping Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Kan Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Jingjing Tian
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Can Luo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Ruiyang Bai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Yangfan Lu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
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21
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Zhang L, Cai QY, Liu J, Peng J, Chen YQ, Sferra TJ, Lin JM. Ursolic acid suppresses the invasive potential of colorectal cancer cells by regulating the TGF-β1/ZEB1/miR-200c signaling pathway. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:3274-3282. [PMID: 31452805 PMCID: PMC6676672 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Ursolic acid (UA) is a biologically active compound, commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). It has been reported to exhibit strong anticancer properties against a variety of cancers. Our previous studies showed that UA promoted apoptosis in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells and inhibited cellular proliferation and angiogenesis. However, the effect and underlying molecular mechanism of UA in CRC progression remain unclear. In the present study, the role of UA in suppressing the migration and invasion of human colon cancer HCT116 and HCT-8 cells was investigated, using Transwell assays. In addition, to evaluate whether the anticancer properties of UA were mediated by the regulation of a double-negative feedback loop consisting of the transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)/zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox (ZEB1) pathway and microRNA (miR)-200a/b/c, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blot analysis were performed. The results indicated that UA treatment significantly suppressed cellular growth, migration and invasion in HCT116 and HCT-8 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, following UA treatment, several crucial mediators of the TGF-β1 signaling pathway, including TGF-β1, phosphorylated (p)-Smad2/3, p-focal adhesion kinase and ZEB1, were significantly downregulated in the HCT116 and HCT-8 cell lines compared with the control group. Furthermore, the ratio of N-cadherin/E-cadherin, two proteins directly downstream of the TGF-β1 signaling pathway, was found to be downregulated in UA treated CRC cells. Finally, UA significantly upregulated miR200a/b/c, with miR-200c exhibiting the highest increase in expression levels following UA treatment. Collectively, the present study suggested that inhibition of CRC cell invasion by UA occurred via regulation of the TGF-β1/ZEB1/miR-200c signaling network, which may be one of the mechanisms by which UA appears to be an effective therapeutic agent against colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhang
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Qiao-Yan Cai
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Jianxin Liu
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Jun Peng
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - You-Qin Chen
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China.,Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Thomas J Sferra
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China.,Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Jiu-Mao Lin
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
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22
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Fang Z, Li T, Chen W, Wu D, Qin Y, Liu M, Wu G, He L, Li H, Gu H. Gab2 promotes cancer stem cell like properties and metastatic growth of ovarian cancer via downregulation of miR-200c. Exp Cell Res 2019; 382:111462. [PMID: 31194976 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Scaffolding adaptor Gab2 is overexpressed in a subset of high-grade ovarian cancer. Our published work shows that Gab2 via PI3K enhances migratory behaviors and epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) features of ovarian cancer cells in vitro. However, it is still unclear how Gab2/PI3K pathway reuglates EMT characteristics and whether Gab2 promotes the growth of ovarian cancer stem cell (CSC)-like population and metastatic growth. In this study, we examined the effects of Gab2 expression on CSC-like cell growth using Aldefluor and tumorshpere assays commonly used for assessing ovarian cancer cells with CSC properties. Gab2 overexpression increased the number of ALDH+ cells and tumorsphere formation in two different ovarian cancer cell lines OVCAR5 and OVCAR8, whereas knockdown of Gab2 decreased the number of ALDH+ cells and tumorsphere formation in Caov-3 cells. Furthermore, Gab2 promoted metastatic tumor growth of OVCAR5 in nude mice. Mechanistically, we uncovered that Gab2 via PI3K specifically inhibited miR-200c expression. miR-200c downregulation contributed to the Gab2-enhanced cell migratory behaviors, EMT properties, and the expansion of ALDH+ cells and tumorspheres. Furthermore, Gab2 promoted CD44 expression and cell migration/invasion through miR-200c downregulation. Our findings support a model that Gab2-PI3K pathway via miR-200c downregulation promotes CD44 expression, EMT characteristics, and CSC-like cell growth. Therapies involving miR-200c or targeting CD44 should help treat ovarian cancer with high Gab2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zenghui Fang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Tong Li
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Wanzhou Chen
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Du Wu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yaqian Qin
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325200, China
| | - Guang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Licai He
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Hongzhi Li
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
| | - Haihua Gu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
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23
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Zhang J, Zhang H, Qin Y, Chen C, Yang J, Song N, Gu M. MicroRNA-200c-3p/ZEB2 loop plays a crucial role in the tumor progression of prostate carcinoma. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2019; 7:141. [PMID: 31157262 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2019.02.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background The microRNA (miRNA) miR-200c-3p is involved in the tumorigenesis and progression of a variety of cancers. However, the underlying regulatory role of miR-200c-3p in prostate cancer (PCa) remains unclear. Methods Online databases including Oncomine, Linkedomics and StarBase were used to investigate the clinical significance of miR-200c-3p, along with associated gene targets. PCa tissues and adjacent normal tissues were used for the detection of miR-200c-3p expression. A lentivirus overexpressing miR-200c-3p was constructed and transfected into PC3 and DU145 cells. Cell formation of proliferation, migration, and invasion were determined by cell viability and colony-formation assay, wound healing assay, and Matrigel invasion assay, respectively. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-associated markers were determined by qRT-PCR and Western blot. A luciferase reporter assay was performed to determine the direct relationship of miR-200c-3p and ZEB2. The tumor-suppressive role of miR-200c-3p was further confirmed by a xenograft tumor model and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. Results Online database analyses showed that miR-200c-3p was associated with pathologic T and N stage in PCa, and miR-200c-3p was downregulated in PCa tissues. Overexpression of miR-200c-3p was considered a tumor suppressor and was found to significantly suppress the formation of migration and invasion in PCa cells via repression of E-cadherin-induced EMT. The bioinformatic database indicated that ZEB2 has a significant correlation with miR-200c-3p and was upregulated in PCa tissues. Further, ZEB2 expression was suppressed by the upregulation of miR-200c-3p and was identified as a direct target of miR-200c-3p. In addition, repression of ZEB2 could restore the levels of miR-200c-3p in PCa cells in turn, suggesting a potential negative loop between miR-200c-3p and ZEB2. miR-200c-3p also had an antitumor effect by negatively regulating ZEB2 in a xenograft mouse model. Conclusions Taken together, the results of our study demonstrated the novel regulatory loop of miR-200c-3/ZEB2 in PCa progression, providing effective therapeutic strategies for PCa in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Zhang
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Hengcheng Zhang
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yuan Qin
- Department of Urology, Jiangsu Provincial Second Chinese Medicine Hospital, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210017, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Ninghong Song
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Min Gu
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
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24
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Baradaran B, Shahbazi R, Khordadmehr M. Dysregulation of key microRNAs in pancreatic cancer development. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 109:1008-1015. [PMID: 30551350 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is mentioned as one of the fourth major cause of cancer-related deaths and also is considered as one of the most malignancies worldwide. Sadly, widely metastasis is frequently observed at the time of PC detection and there are, thereby, almost poor prognosis and ineffective treatment in PC patients. microRNAs (miRNAs), a group of short non-coding RNAs, regulate various cellular and developmental mechanisms, such as cell growth, proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation and angiogenesis. Also, they have essential roles even on the progression of different human and animal diseases. In recent years, extensive studies confirmed the important role of miRNAs in various steps of PC developments, including; tumor initiation, invasion and metastasis, which can use valuably for cancer detection, prognosis and therapy. Therefore, the present study reviewed the new recent investigations in miRNAs involvement in the biology of PC associated with their clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Roya Shahbazi
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, 51665-1647, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Monireh Khordadmehr
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, 51665-1647, Tabriz, Iran.
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25
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Zhang Y, Wang J, Wu D, Li M, Zhao F, Ren M, Cai Y, Dou J. IL-21-secreting hUCMSCs combined with miR-200c inhibit tumor growth and metastasis via repression of Wnt/β-catenin signaling and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in epithelial ovarian cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:2037-2050. [PMID: 29692616 PMCID: PMC5901132 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s147855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) with insidious characteristic manifests no symptoms in its early onset but most patients have advanced and distant cancer metastasis at diagnosis. Innovative early diagnosis and effective treatment of EOC are urgently needed. Methods In the study, we developed a novel agent of IL-21-secreting human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) combined with miR-200c to evaluate its effects on SKOV3 EOC in vitro and in vivo. Results hUCMSCs-LV-IL-21 combined with miR-200c significantly inhibited the SKOV3 cell mobility and tumorigenesis compared with hUCMSCs-LV-IL-21, hUCMSCs-LV-vector, and hUCMSCs, respectively. These were reflected in decreasing the tumor sizes and elongating the tumor bearing nude mouse survival, accompanied with increasing the serum cytokine levels of IFN-γ, IL-21 and TNF-α as well as the splenocyte cytotoxicity. In addition, the expression of β-catenin, cyclin-D1, Gli1, Gli2, and ZEB1 was decreased but the E-cadherin expression was increased in tumor tissues of mice treated with hUCMSCs-LV-IL-21 plus miR-200c. Conclusion We demonstrated that the synergistic effect of fighting SKOV3 EOC is attributable to repression of Wnt/β-catenin signaling and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in SKOV3 EOC. The findings may provide a new strategy for therapy of EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxia Zhang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao Li
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Fenshu Zhao
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mulan Ren
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunlong Cai
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Dou
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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26
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Huang R, Rofstad EK. Cancer stem cells (CSCs), cervical CSCs and targeted therapies. Oncotarget 2018; 8:35351-35367. [PMID: 27343550 PMCID: PMC5471060 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has shown that cancer stem cells (CSCs) have a tumour-initiating capacity and play crucial roles in tumour metastasis, relapse and chemo/radio-resistance. As tumour propagation initiators, CSCs are considered to be promising targets for obtaining a better therapeutic outcome. Cervical carcinoma is the most common gynaecological malignancy and has a high cancer mortality rate among females. As a result, the investigation of cervical cancer stem cells (CCSCs) is of great value. However, the numbers of cancer cells and corresponding CSCs in malignancy are dynamically balanced, and CSCs may reside in the CSC niche, about which little is known to date. Therefore, due to their complicated molecular phenotypes and biological behaviours, it remains challenging to obtain “purified” CSCs and continuously culture CSCs for further in vitro studies without the cells losing their stem properties. At present, CSC-related markers and functional assays are used to purify, identify and therapeutically target CSCs both in vitro and in vivo. Nevertheless, CSC-related markers are not universal to all tumour types, although some markers may be valid in multiple tumour types. Additionally, functional identifications based on CSC-specific properties are usually limited in in vivo studies. Furthermore, an optimal method for identifying potential CCSCs in CCSC studies has not been previously published, and these techniques are currently of great importance. This article updates our knowledge on CSCs and CCSCs, reviews potential stem cell markers and functional assays for identifying CCSCs, and describes the potential of targeting CCSCs in the treatment of cervical carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixia Huang
- Department of Radiation Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Einar K Rofstad
- Department of Radiation Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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27
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Surface markers of cancer stem-like cells of ovarian cancer and their clinical relevance. Contemp Oncol (Pozn) 2018; 22:48-55. [PMID: 29628794 PMCID: PMC5885077 DOI: 10.5114/wo.2018.73885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem-like cells (CSLCs) are defined as cancer cells with stem cell characteristics. Although CSLCs constitute no more than a few percent of the tumor mass, they play important roles in cancer chemo-resistance, metastasis and disease recurrence. Ovarian cancer (OC) is considered the most aggressive gynecological malignancy in which the role of CSLCs is of major significance, although it remains to be specified. The studies describing ovarian CSLC phenotype vary in the definition of the molecular pattern of expression of the main markers such as CD133, CD44, CD117, and CD24. Stem-like features of OC have been shown to correlate with the clinical course of the disease and permit diagnosis, prognosis and treatment outcome to be improved. Identification of CSLC markers could provide hallmarks which, related to the chemo-resistance of the disease, will facilitate treatment selection. This review describes recent advances in research on stem-like cell status in OC, mainly focusing on surface markers of CSLCs and their clinical relevance.
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Wang X, Peng J, Wang J, Li M, Wu D, Wu S, Liao J, Dou J. Hepatitis C virus core impacts expression of miR122 and miR204 involved in carcinogenic progression via regulation of TGFBRAP1 and HOTTIP expression. Onco Targets Ther 2018. [PMID: 29535540 PMCID: PMC5841326 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s149254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite the breadth of understanding the noncoding RNAs' function in molecular biology, their functional roles in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the effect of hepatitis C virus (HCV) core upon the expression of noncoding RNAs. Methods The lncRNAs, mRNAs, and circRNAs were employed for identification of HCV core protein gene expression in human Huh7 hepatoma (Huh7) cell line. In data analysis, we applied a threshold that eliminated all genes that were not increased or decreased by at least a 2-fold change in a comparison between transfected and control cells. Hierarchical Clustering and the Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genome pathway analyses were performed to show the distinguishable lncRNA, mRNAs, and circRNAs expression pattern among samples. Results The array data showed that 4,851 lncRNAs, 4,785 mRNAs, and 823 circRNAs were 2-fold up-regulated but 3,569 lncRNAs, 3,192 mRNAs, and 419 circRNAs were 2-fold down-regulated in Huh 7-core cells. The genes in the enriched set were associated with macromolecule and nucleic acid metabolic processes, DNA damage response and regulation of voltage-gated calcium channel. We identified 10 genes from the selected 14 genes that were higher or lower expression in Huh7-core cells than that of Huh7-vector cells by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Interestingly, overexpression of miR122 and miR204 partly abrogated the expression of TGFBRAP1 and HOTTIP, and increased the HPCAL1 expression in the predicted carcinogenic pathways. Conclusion Our data suggests that the pathways of miR204-HPCAL1-lncRNAHOTTIP and miR122-TGFBRAP1 were likely involved in the carcinogenic progress due to the presence of HCV core, and that overexpression of miR122 and miR204 might inhibit the HCC progress by down-regulation of TGFBRAP1 and HOTTIP expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Wang
- Department of Basis Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiefu Peng
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao Li
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Songyan Wu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jipei Liao
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Dou
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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29
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de Lima AB, Silva LM, Gonçales NG, Carvalho MRS, da Silva Filho AL, da Conceição Braga L. Three-Dimensional Cellular Arrangement in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Cell Lines TOV-21G and SKOV-3 is Associated with Apoptosis-Related miRNA Expression Modulation. CANCER MICROENVIRONMENT 2018; 11:85-92. [PMID: 29307001 DOI: 10.1007/s12307-017-0203-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most lethal gynecological malignancy, and the lack of chemoresistance biomarkers contributes to the poor prognosis. Cancer stem cells (CSC) have been investigated in EOC to understand its relationship with chemoresistance and recurrence. In this context, in vitro cultivation-models are important tools for CSC studies. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play key roles in cancer, CSC regulation and apoptosis. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the tumorsphere model as CSC-enrichment method in EOC studies and investigate apoptosis-related miRNAs in tumorspheres-derived EOC cell lines. TOV-21G and SKOV-3 were cultured in monolayer and tumorspheres. Genetic profiles of cell lines were obtained using COSMIC database. CD24/CD44/CD146/CD177 and ALDH1 markers were evaluated in cell lines and tumorspheres-derived by flow cytometry. Eleven miRNAs were selected by in silico analysis for qPCR analysis. According to COSMIC, TOV-21G and SKOV-3 have eight and nine cancer-related mutations, respectively. TOV-21G showed a CD44+/high/CD24-/low/CD117-/low/CD146-/low/ALDH1low profile in both culture models; thus, no significant difference between cultivation models was identified. SKOV-3 showed a CD44+/high/CD24+/high/ CD117-/low/CD146-/low/ALDH1low profile in both culture models, although the tumorsphere model showed a significant increase in CD24+/high subpopulation (ovarian CSC-like). Among eleven miRNAs, we observed differences in miRNA expression between culture models. MiR-26a was overexpressed in TOV-21G tumorspheres, albeit downregulated in SKOV-3 tumorspheres. MiR-125b-5p, miR-17-5p and miR-221 was downregulated in tumorsphere model in both cell lines. Given that tumorsphere-derived SKOV-3 had a higher ratio of CD24+/high cells, we suggest that miR-26a, miR-125b-5p, miR-17-5p and miR-221 downregulation could be related to poor EOC prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Brito de Lima
- Serviço de Biologia Celular, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luciana Maria Silva
- Serviço de Biologia Celular, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Raquel Santos Carvalho
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Agnaldo Lopes da Silva Filho
- Departamento de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Letícia da Conceição Braga
- Serviço de Biologia Celular, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Departamento de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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30
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Weidle UH, Birzele F, Kollmorgen G, Nopora A. Potential microRNA-related Targets for Therapeutic Intervention with Ovarian Cancer Metastasis. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2018; 15:1-15. [PMID: 29275359 PMCID: PMC5822180 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatment of disseminated epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is an unmet medical need. Therefore, the identification along with preclinical and clinical validation of new targets is an issue of high importance. In this review we focus on microRNAs that mediate metastasis of EOC. We summarize up-regulated metastasis-promoting and down-regulated metastasis-suppressing microRNAs. We focus on preclinical in vitro and in vivo functions as well as their metastasis-related clinical correlations. Finally, we outline modalities for therapeutic intervention and critical issues of microRNA-based therapeutics in the context of metastatic EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich H Weidle
- Roche Innovation Center Munich, Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Fabian Birzele
- Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hofman La Roche, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gwen Kollmorgen
- Roche Innovation Center Munich, Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Adam Nopora
- Roche Innovation Center Munich, Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Penzberg, Germany
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31
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Li Y, Chen T, Zhu J, Zhang H, Jiang H, Sun H. High ALDH activity defines ovarian cancer stem-like cells with enhanced invasiveness and EMT progress which are responsible for tumor invasion. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 495:1081-1088. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.11.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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32
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Srivastava SK, Ahmad A, Zubair H, Miree O, Singh S, Rocconi RP, Scalici J, Singh AP. MicroRNAs in gynecological cancers: Small molecules with big implications. Cancer Lett 2017; 407:123-138. [PMID: 28549791 PMCID: PMC5601032 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Gynecological cancers (GCs) are often diagnosed at advanced stages, limiting the efficacy of available therapeutic options. Thus, there remains an urgent and unmet need for innovative research for the efficient clinical management of GC patients. Research over past several years has revealed the enormous promise of miRNAs. These small non-coding RNAs can aid in the diagnosis, prognosis and therapy of all major GCs, viz., ovarian cancers, cervical cancers and endometrial cancers. Mechanistic details of the miRNAs-mediated regulation of multiple biological functions are under constant investigation, and a number of miRNAs are now believed to influence growth, proliferation, invasion, metastasis, chemoresistance and the relapse of different GCs. Modulation of tumor microenvironment by miRNAs can possibly explain some of their reported biological effects. miRNA signatures have been proposed as biomarkers for the early detection of GCs, even the various subtypes of individual GCs. miRNA signatures are also being pursued as predictors of response to therapies. This review catalogs the knowledge gained from collective studies, so as to assess the progress made so far. It is time to ponder over the knowledge gained, so that more meaningful pre-clinical and translational studies can be designed to better realize the potential that miRNAs have to offer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeev K Srivastava
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36604, USA.
| | - Aamir Ahmad
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36604, USA
| | - Haseeb Zubair
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36604, USA
| | - Orlandric Miree
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36604, USA
| | - Seema Singh
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36604, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA
| | - Rodney P Rocconi
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36604, USA
| | - Jennifer Scalici
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36604, USA
| | - Ajay P Singh
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36604, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA.
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Liu Y, Zhu ST, Wang X, Deng J, Li WH, Zhang P, Liu BS. MiR-200c regulates tumor growth and chemosensitivity to cisplatin in osteosarcoma by targeting AKT2. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13598. [PMID: 29051585 PMCID: PMC5648776 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14088-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) expression aberration has been discovered in almost all human cancers, thus offering a group of potential diagnostic markers, prognostic factors and therapeutic targets in tumorigenesis. Now our data showed that miR-200c, which is downregulated in osteosarcoma tissues, drives chemosensitivity to cisplatin in osteosarcoma. We demonstrated that AKT2 is a direct target of miR-200c, Spearman’s rank correlation analysis showed that the expression levels of AKT2 and miR-200c in 35 pairs of osteosarcoma specimens were inversely correlated. Moreover, miR-200c inhibited cell proliferation and cell migration. Taken together, for the first time, our results demonstrate that miR-200c plays a significant role in osteosarcoma tumor growth and chemosensitivity by regulating AKT2, which may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for treatment of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Orthopedic, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Baobei Road 8, 475000, Kaifeng, Henan, China.
| | - Shu-Tao Zhu
- Department of Orthopedic, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Baobei Road 8, 475000, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Orthopedic, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Baobei Road 8, 475000, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Jun Deng
- Department of Orthopedic, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Baobei Road 8, 475000, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Wei-Hua Li
- Department of Orthopedic, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Baobei Road 8, 475000, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Baobei Road 8, 475000, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Bing-Shan Liu
- Department of Orthopedic, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Baobei Road 8, 475000, Kaifeng, Henan, China
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Mandilaras V, Vernon M, Meryet-Figuière M, Karakasis K, Lambert B, Poulain L, Oza A, Denoyelle C, Lheureux S. Updates and current challenges in microRNA research for personalized medicine in ovarian cancer. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2017.1340935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Mandilaras
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Mégane Vernon
- INSERM U1086 “ANTICIPE” (Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancers Prevention and Treatment, Axis BioTICLA “Biology and Innovative Therapeutics for Ovarian Cancers”), Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, Caen, France
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre François Baclesse, UNICANCER, Caen, France
| | - Matthieu Meryet-Figuière
- INSERM U1086 “ANTICIPE” (Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancers Prevention and Treatment, Axis BioTICLA “Biology and Innovative Therapeutics for Ovarian Cancers”), Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, Caen, France
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre François Baclesse, UNICANCER, Caen, France
| | - Katherine Karakasis
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Bernard Lambert
- INSERM U1086 “ANTICIPE” (Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancers Prevention and Treatment, Axis BioTICLA “Biology and Innovative Therapeutics for Ovarian Cancers”), Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, Caen, France
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre François Baclesse, UNICANCER, Caen, France
- Délégation régionale de Normandie, CNRS, Caen, France
| | - Laurent Poulain
- INSERM U1086 “ANTICIPE” (Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancers Prevention and Treatment, Axis BioTICLA “Biology and Innovative Therapeutics for Ovarian Cancers”), Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, Caen, France
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre François Baclesse, UNICANCER, Caen, France
| | - Amit Oza
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Christophe Denoyelle
- INSERM U1086 “ANTICIPE” (Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancers Prevention and Treatment, Axis BioTICLA “Biology and Innovative Therapeutics for Ovarian Cancers”), Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, Caen, France
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre François Baclesse, UNICANCER, Caen, France
| | - Stephanie Lheureux
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
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Palmirotta R, Silvestris E, D'Oronzo S, Cardascia A, Silvestris F. Ovarian cancer: Novel molecular aspects for clinical assessment. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2017; 117:12-29. [PMID: 28807232 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2017.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 05/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a very heterogeneous tumor which has been traditionally characterized according to the different histological subtypes and differentiation degree. In recent years, innovative molecular screening biotechnologies have allowed to identify further subtypes of this cancer based on gene expression profiles, mutational features, and epigenetic factors. These novel classification systems emphasizing the molecular signatures within the broad spectrum of ovarian cancer have not only allowed a more precise prognostic prediction, but also proper therapeutic strategies for specific subgroups of patients. The bulk of available scientific data and the high refinement of molecular classifications of ovarian cancers can today address the research towards innovative drugs with the adoption of targeted therapies tailored for single molecular profiles leading to a better prediction of therapeutic response. Here, we summarize the current state of knowledge on the molecular bases of ovarian cancer, from the description of its molecular subtypes derived from wide high-throughput analyses to the latest discoveries of the ovarian cancer stem cells. The latest personalized treatment options are also presented with recent advances in using PARP inhibitors, anti-angiogenic, anti-folate receptor and anti-cancer stem cells treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Palmirotta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy
| | - Erica Silvestris
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy
| | - Stella D'Oronzo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy
| | - Angela Cardascia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy
| | - Franco Silvestris
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy.
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36
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miRNA-34c-5p inhibits amphiregulin-induced ovarian cancer stemness and drug resistance via downregulation of the AREG-EGFR-ERK pathway. Oncogenesis 2017; 6:e326. [PMID: 28459431 PMCID: PMC5525454 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2017.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecological cancer mainly due to late diagnosis, easy spreading and rapid development of chemoresistance. Cancer stem cells are considered to be one of the main mechanisms for chemoresistance, as well as metastasis and recurrent disease. To explore the stemness characteristics of ovarian cancer stem cells, we successfully enriched ovarian cancer stem-like cells from an established ovarian cancer cell line (SKOV-I6) and a fresh ovarian tumor-derived cell line (OVS1). These ovarian cancer stem-like cells possess important cancer stemness characteristics including sphere-forming and self-renewing abilities, expressing important ovarian cancer stem cell and epithelial–mesenchymal transition markers, as well as increased drug resistance and potent tumorigenicity. Microarray analysis of OVS1-derived sphere cells revealed increased expression of amphiregulin (AREG) and decreased expression of its conserved regulatory microRNA, miR-34c-5p, when compared with the OVS1 parental cells. Overexpression of AREG and decreased miR-34c-5p expression in SKOV-I6 and OVS1 sphere cells were confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR analysis. Luciferase reporter assay and mutant analysis confirmed that AREG is a direct target of miR-34c-5p. Furthermore, AREG-mediated increase of sphere formation, drug resistance toward docetaxel and carboplatin, as well as tumorigenicity of SKOV-I6 and OVS1 cells could be abrogated by miR-34c-5p. We further demonstrated that miR-34c-5p inhibited ovarian cancer stemness through downregulation of the AREG-EGFR-ERK pathway. Overexpression of AREG was found to be correlated with advanced ovarian cancer stages and poor prognosis. Taken together, our data suggest that AREG promotes ovarian cancer stemness and drug resistance via the AREG-EGFR-ERK pathway and this is inhibited by miR-34c-5p. Targeting AREG, miR-34c-5p could be a potential strategy for anti-cancer-stem cell therapy in ovarian cancer.
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37
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Flores CP, García-Vázquez R, Rincón DG, Ruiz-García E, De La Vega HA, Marchat LA, Salinas Vera YM, López-Camarillo C. MicroRNAs driving invasion and metastasis in ovarian cancer: Opportunities for translational medicine (Review). Int J Oncol 2017; 50:1461-1476. [DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.3948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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38
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Wu S, He X, Li M, Shi F, Wu D, Pan M, Guo M, Zhang R, Luo S, Gu N, Dou J. MiRNA-34a overexpression inhibits multiple myeloma cancer stem cell growth in mice by suppressing TGIF2. Am J Transl Res 2016; 8:5433-5443. [PMID: 28078014 PMCID: PMC5209494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Hematological malignancy originated from B-cell line, multiple myeloma (MM), is a kind of plasma cells in bone marrow hyperplasia and cause of osteoclast-mediated skeletal destruction disease. MiR-34a plays an important epigenetic regulating role in malignant tumors and presents a therapeutic potential. In this study, we investigated the effects of overexpression of miR-34a in MM cancer stem cells (CSCs) on tumor growth and bone lesions. Here we showed that miR-34a overexpression inhibited cell proliferation, colony formation, and increased CSC apoptosis in vitro. The apparent epigenetic modulation induced by miR-34a overexpression was found no only in MM RPMI8226 cells but also in CSC xenograft MM. Both bioinformatics prediction and dual-luciferase reporter assay showed that transforming growth interaction factor 2 (TGIF2) was sufficient to confer miR-34a regulation. The results of qRT-PCR and Western blot assays demonstrated that the expression of TGIF2 was significant decreased in tumor tissues from NOD/SCID mice injected with miR-34a-MM CSCs. We conclude that miR-34a overexpression in MM CSCs significantly suppressed the tumorigenicity and lytic bone lesions in mouse model by inducing apoptosis and inhibiting TGIF2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songyan Wu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Southeast UniversityNanjing 210009, China
- Changzhou Blood CenterChangzhou 213004, China
| | - Xiangfeng He
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantong 226361, China
| | - Miao Li
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Southeast UniversityNanjing 210009, China
| | - Fangfang Shi
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Southeast UniversityNanjing 210009, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Southeast UniversityNanjing 210009, China
| | - Meng Pan
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Southeast UniversityNanjing 210009, China
| | - Mei Guo
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Southeast UniversityNanjing 210009, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Southeast UniversityNanjing 210009, China
| | - Shouhua Luo
- School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering, Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096, China
| | - Ning Gu
- School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering, Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096, China
| | - Jun Dou
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Southeast UniversityNanjing 210009, China
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39
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Turconi G, Scaldaferri D, Fabbri M, Monti L, Lualdi M, Pedrini E, Gribaldo L, Taramelli R, Acquati F. RNASET2 silencing affects miRNAs and target gene expression pattern in a human ovarian cancer cell model. Int J Oncol 2016; 49:2637-2646. [PMID: 27840914 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Ribonucleases (RNases) are hydrolytic enzymes endowed with the ability to either process or degrade ribonucleic acids. Among the many biological functions assigned to RNases, a growing attention has been recently devoted to the control of cancer growth, in the attempt to bring novel therapeutic approaches to clinical oncology. Indeed, several enzymes belonging to different ribonuclease families have been reported in the last decade to display a marked oncosuppressive activity in a wide range of experimental models. The human RNASET2 gene, the only member of the highly conserved T2/Rh/S family of endoribonucleolytic enzymes described in our species, has been shown to display oncosuppressive roles in both in vitro and in vivo models representing several human malignancies. In the present study, we extend previous findings obtained in ovarian cancer models to shed further light on the cell-autonomous roles played by this gene in the context of its oncosuppresive role and to show that RNASET2 silencing can significantly affect the transcriptional output in one of the most thoroughly investigated human ovarian cancer cell lines. Moreover, we report for the first time that RNASET2-mediated changes in the cell transcriptome are in part mediated by its apparent ability to affect the cell's microRNA expression pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Turconi
- Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Debora Scaldaferri
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Marco Fabbri
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Laura Monti
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Marta Lualdi
- Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Edoardo Pedrini
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Laura Gribaldo
- JRC Directorate F - Health, Consumers and Reference Materials, Chemical Safety and Alternative Methods Unit, Ispra, Varese (VA), Italy
| | - Roberto Taramelli
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Francesco Acquati
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
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40
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Ma Y, Lu Y, Lu B. MicroRNA and Long Non-Coding RNA in Ovarian Carcinoma: Translational Insights and Potential Clinical Applications. Cancer Invest 2016; 34:465-476. [PMID: 27673409 DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2016.1227446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Reliable biomarkers for the detection of early ovarian carcinoma are currently unavailable. MicroRNA and long non-coding RNA may be important in cancer initiation and progression by regulating gene expression through post-transcriptional mechanisms. MicroRNAs, such as miR-26a and miR-132, have been investigated as novel biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, monitoring of therapeutic response, and therapeutic targets in ovarian carcinomas. Some long non-coding RNAs, such as H19 and UCA1, may be involved in the pathogenesis of ovarian carcinomas. MicroRNA and long non-coding RNA have potential clinical utility in the diagnosis of ovarian cancer and predicting prognosis, metastasis, recurrence, and response to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ma
- a Department of Clinical Laboratory , Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , China
| | - Yan Lu
- b Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Medicine , Zhejiang University , China
| | - Bingjian Lu
- c Department of Surgical Pathology , Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , China
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41
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Fang D, Chen H, Zhu JY, Wang W, Teng Y, Ding HF, Jing Q, Su SB, Huang S. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition of ovarian cancer cells is sustained by Rac1 through simultaneous activation of MEK1/2 and Src signaling pathways. Oncogene 2016; 36:1546-1558. [PMID: 27617576 PMCID: PMC5346482 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is regarded as a crucial contributing factor to cancer progression. Diverse factors have been identified as potent EMT inducers in ovarian cancer. However, molecular mechanism sustaining EMT of ovarian cancer cells remains elusive. Here, we show that the presence of SOS1/EPS8/ABI1 complex is critical for sustained EMT traits of ovarian cancer cells. Consistent with the role of SOS1/EPS8/ABI1 complex as a Rac1-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor, depleting Rac1 results in the loss of most of mesenchymal traits in mesenchymal-like ovarian cancer cells while expressing constitutively active Rac1 leads to EMT in epithelial-like ovarian cancer cells. With the aid of clinically tested inhibitors targeting various EMT-associated signaling pathways, we show that only combined treatment of MEK1/2 and Src inhibitors can abolish constitutively active Rac1-led EMT and mesenchymal traits displayed by mesenchymal-like ovarian cancer cells. Further experiments also reveal that EMT can be induced in epithelial-like ovarian cancer cells by co-expressing constitutively active MEK1 and Src rather than either alone. As the activities of Erk and Src are higher in ovarian cancer cells with constitutively active Rac1, we conclude that Rac1 sustains ovarian cancer cell EMT through simultaneous activation of MEK1/2 and Src signaling pathways. Importantly, we demonstrate that combined use of MEK1/2 and Src inhibitors effectively suppresses development of intraperitoneal xenografts and prolongs the survival of ovarian cancer-bearing mice. This study suggests that cocktail of MEK1/2 and Src inhibitors represents an effective therapeutic strategy against ovarian cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Fang
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Complexity System, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,E-institute of Shanghai Municipal Education Committee, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - H Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - J Y Zhu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - W Wang
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Complexity System, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Y Teng
- Department of Oral Biology, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - H-F Ding
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Q Jing
- Department of Cardiology, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - S-B Su
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Complexity System, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,E-institute of Shanghai Municipal Education Committee, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - S Huang
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Complexity System, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,E-institute of Shanghai Municipal Education Committee, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
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42
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Song C, Liu LZ, Pei XQ, Liu X, Yang L, Ye F, Xie X, Chen J, Tang H, Xie X. miR-200c inhibits breast cancer proliferation by targeting KRAS. Oncotarget 2016; 6:34968-78. [PMID: 26392416 PMCID: PMC4741502 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The microRNA, miR-200c, is involved in the tumorigenesis and progression of a variety of cancers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression, mechanism and prognostic roles of miR-200c in breast cancer. We found that miR-200c was downregulated in both breast cancer tissue and cell lines using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). In situ hybridization (ISH) and microarrays showed that low miR-200c expression was associated with poor patient overall survival (OS) and disease free survival (DFS). We used luciferase reporter plasmids to find that miR-200c inhibited the AKT and ERK pathways by directly targeting KRAS. Repression of KRAS by miR-200c suppressed the proliferation and survival of breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. miR-200c also had an anti-tumor effect by negatively regulating KRAS in a xenograft mouse model. Our findings provide clues regarding the role of miR-200c as a tumor suppressor in breast cancer through the inhibition of KRAS translation both in vitro and in vivo. miR-200c could be a potential therapeutic target in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cailu Song
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Long-Zhong Liu
- Department of Ultrasond, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao-Qing Pei
- Department of Ultrasond, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoping Liu
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Feng Ye
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinhua Xie
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianping Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Hailin Tang
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoming Xie
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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43
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Yang C, Xiong F, Dou J, Xue J, Zhan X, Shi F, Li M, Wu S, Luo S, Zhang T, Zhang Y, Ming J, Gu N. Target therapy of multiple myeloma by PTX-NPs and ABCG2 antibody in a mouse xenograft model. Oncotarget 2016; 6:27714-24. [PMID: 26314844 PMCID: PMC4695020 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) remains to be an incurable disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of ABCG2 monoclonal antibody (McAb) combined with paclitaxel (PTX) conjugated with Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) on MM progressed from cancer stem cells (CSCs)in non-obese-diabetic/severe-combined-immunodeficiency (NOD/SCID) mouse model. Mice were injected with MM CSCs as marked by CD138−CD34− phenotypes through tail veins. The developed MM mice were examined by micro-computer tomography scanning, ultrasonography and enzyme-linked immunosorbent analysis. These mice were then intravenously treated with different combinations of NPs, PTX, McAb, PTX-NPs and melphalan/prednisone once a week for four weeks. The injected mice developed characteristic MM-associated syndromes, including lytic bone lesions, renal damages and proteinuria. All the treated mice showed decrease in bone lesions, renal damages and anemia but increase in apoptosis compared with the mice treated with NPs only. In particular, the treatment with ABCG2 McAb plus PTX-NPs induced the strongest therapeutic response and had an efficacy even better than that of melphalan/prednisone, a conventional regimen for MM patients. These data suggest that PTX-NPs with ABCG2 McAb can be developed into potential treatment regimens for patients with relapsed/refractory MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiping Yang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou NanoScience and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Fei Xiong
- School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou NanoScience and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Jun Dou
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou NanoScience and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jun Xue
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Xi Zhan
- The Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Fangfang Shi
- Department of Oncology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Miao Li
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou NanoScience and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Songyan Wu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou NanoScience and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shouhua Luo
- School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou NanoScience and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Tianzhu Zhang
- School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou NanoScience and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou NanoScience and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Ji Ming
- School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou NanoScience and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Ning Gu
- School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou NanoScience and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
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44
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Heiler S, Wang Z, Zöller M. Pancreatic cancer stem cell markers and exosomes - the incentive push. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:5971-6007. [PMID: 27468191 PMCID: PMC4948278 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i26.5971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2016] [Revised: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PaCa) has the highest death rate and incidence is increasing. Poor prognosis is due to late diagnosis and early metastatic spread, which is ascribed to a minor population of so called cancer stem cells (CSC) within the mass of the primary tumor. CSC are defined by biological features, which they share with adult stem cells like longevity, rare cell division, the capacity for self renewal, differentiation, drug resistance and the requirement for a niche. CSC can also be identified by sets of markers, which for pancreatic CSC (Pa-CSC) include CD44v6, c-Met, Tspan8, alpha6beta4, CXCR4, CD133, EpCAM and claudin7. The functional relevance of CSC markers is still disputed. We hypothesize that Pa-CSC markers play a decisive role in tumor progression. This is fostered by the location in glycolipid-enriched membrane domains, which function as signaling platform and support connectivity of the individual Pa-CSC markers. Outside-in signaling supports apoptosis resistance, stem cell gene expression and tumor suppressor gene repression as well as miRNA transcription and silencing. Pa-CSC markers also contribute to motility and invasiveness. By ligand binding host cells are triggered towards creating a milieu supporting Pa-CSC maintenance. Furthermore, CSC markers contribute to the generation, loading and delivery of exosomes, whereby CSC gain the capacity for a cell-cell contact independent crosstalk with the host and neighboring non-CSC. This allows Pa-CSC exosomes (TEX) to reprogram neighboring non-CSC towards epithelial mesenchymal transition and to stimulate host cells towards preparing a niche for metastasizing tumor cells. Finally, TEX communicate with the matrix to support tumor cell motility, invasion and homing. We will discuss the possibility that CSC markers are the initial trigger for these processes and what is the special contribution of CSC-TEX.
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45
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ZHAO XIAOJUAN, ZHOU YUN, CHEN YU, YU FENG. miR-494 inhibits ovarian cancer cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis by targeting FGFR2. Oncol Lett 2016; 11:4245-4251. [PMID: 27313773 PMCID: PMC4888167 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRs) have been reported to be key regulators in numerous types of cancer. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of miR-494 in ovarian cancer. Expression of miR-494 was analyzed in ovarian cancer tissues and cell lines by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). miR-494 mimic or negative control was transiently transfected into A2780 and SKOV3 cell lines. A cell counting kit-8 assay was performed to assess the effects of miR-494 on cell proliferation, and flow cytometry was used to evaluate the apoptotic rate. The target gene of miR-494 was detected by luciferase assay. Expression of fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) was identified using RT-qPCR and western blotting. In the present study, decreased expression of miR-494 was observed in ovarian cancer samples and cell lines. Overexpression of miR-494 inhibited ovarian cancer cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis. Additional investigation indicated that FGFR2 was a direct target of miR-494. Taken together, the results of the present study suggested that miR-494 suppressed ovarian cancer cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis via targeting FGFR2.
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Affiliation(s)
- XIAOJUAN ZHAO
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214000, P.R. China
| | - YUN ZHOU
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214000, P.R. China
| | - YU CHEN
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214000, P.R. China
| | - FENG YU
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214000, P.R. China
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46
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Taucher V, Mangge H, Haybaeck J. Non-coding RNAs in pancreatic cancer: challenges and opportunities for clinical application. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2016; 39:295-318. [DOI: 10.1007/s13402-016-0275-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
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47
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Wang X, Zhao F, He X, Wang J, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Ni Y, Sun J, Wang X, Dou J. Combining TGF-β1 knockdown and miR200c administration to optimize antitumor efficacy of B16F10/GPI-IL-21 vaccine. Oncotarget 2016; 6:12493-504. [PMID: 25895132 PMCID: PMC4494953 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
TGF-β1 secreted abundantly by tumors cells as well as present in the local microenvironment promotes neoplasm invasion and metastasis by triggering the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). MiR200c has been shown to suppress EMT and to regulate the cellular epithelial and interstitial state conversion, whereas the tumor vaccines are intended to specifically initiate or amplify a host response against evolving tumor cells. Our study aimed at optimizing the antitumor effects of the B16F10/glycosylphosphatidylinositol-interleukin 21 (B16F10/GPI-IL-21) tumor vaccine on melanoma bearing mice by combining the TGF-β1 knockdown and the administration of miR200c agomir. The mice were subcutaneously vaccinated with inactivated B16F10/GPI-IL-21 vaccine and challenged by B16F10 cells transfected with shTGF-β1 (B16F10/shTGF-β1 cells) or B16F10/shTGF-β1 cells with the administration of miR200c agomir. The later combination showed that, when compared with the mice in the control group that received no vaccination, vaccinated mice significantly increased NK and CTL activities, enhanced levels of IFN-γ, and reduced expression of TGF-β1, N-cadherin, Vimentin, Gli1/2, P-Smad2/3 and others involved in promoting expression of EMT-related molecules in tumor areas, and inhibited the melanoma metastasis in lungs and lymph nodes. Altogether, our findings demonstrate that this synergistic anti-cancer regimen effectively induces strong immune response and diminishes the melanoma progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Wang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fengshu Zhao
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiangfeng He
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongyi Zhang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yaoyao Ni
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianan Sun
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaobing Wang
- Department of Center for Experiment Animal, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Dou
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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Reinforcing B16F10/GPI-IL-21 vaccine efficacy against melanoma by injecting mice with shZEB1 plasmid or miR200c agomir. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 80:136-144. [PMID: 27133050 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Revised: 03/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we hypothesized that the inhibition of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) program by knockdown of Zinc-finger E-box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) or administration of miR200c agomir would strengthen the B16F10 cells transfected with GPI-anchored IL-21 (B16F10/GPI-IL-21) vaccine efficacy in inhibiting the melanoma metastasis. Our findings from the current study indicated that, when compared with the mice immunized with the B16F10/GPI-IL-21 vaccine alone, the mice immunized with B16F10/GPI-IL-21 vaccine combined with injection of shZEB1 plasmid or miR200c agomir not only meaningfully inhibited EMT of melanoma, reduced the EMT characteristic molecular expression in tumor tissues, but also significantly decreased the Treg cells and TGF-β1, enhanced the cytotoxicities of NK cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes and the IFN-γ level. Furthermore, the immunotherapeutic combination resulted in inhibiting the melanoma growth and lung metastasis. Our study demonstrated that using the B16F10/GPI-IL-21 vaccine in combination with the down-regulated ZEB1 or miR200c administration effectively elicited anti-tumor immunity and reduced melanoma metastasis by inhibiting the EMT program in the B16F10 melanoma-bearing mice.
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Long H, Xiang T, Qi W, Huang J, Chen J, He L, Liang Z, Guo B, Li Y, Xie R, Zhu B. CD133+ ovarian cancer stem-like cells promote non-stem cancer cell metastasis via CCL5 induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Oncotarget 2016; 6:5846-59. [PMID: 25788271 PMCID: PMC4467406 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs, also called cancer stem-like cells, CSLCs) can function as "seed cells" for tumor recurrence and metastasis. Here, we report that, in the presence of CD133+ ovarian CSLCs, CD133- non-CSLCs can undergo an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-like process and display enhanced metastatic capacity in vitro and in vivo. Highly elevated expression of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (CCL5) and its receptors chemokine (C-C motif) receptor (CCR) 1/3/5 are observed in clinical and murine metastatic tumor tissues from epithelial ovarian carcinomas. Mechanistically, paracrine CCL5 from ovarian CSLCs activates the NF-κB signaling pathway in ovarian non-CSLCs via binding CCR1/3/5, thereby inducing EMT and tumor invasion. Taken together, our results redefine the metastatic potential of non-stem cancer cells and provide evidence that targeting the CCL5:CCR1/3/5-NF-κB pathway could be an effective strategy to prevent ovarian cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Long
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tong Xiang
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Qi
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiani Huang
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Junying Chen
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Luhang He
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhiqing Liang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bo Guo
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yongsheng Li
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rongkai Xie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bo Zhu
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Biomedical Analysis Center, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Prahm KP, Novotny GW, Høgdall C, Høgdall E. Current status on microRNAs as biomarkers for ovarian cancer. APMIS 2016; 124:337-55. [PMID: 26809719 DOI: 10.1111/apm.12514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the most lethal gynecological malignancy in the Western world, and has a very poor prognosis, often due to late diagnosis and emergence of chemotherapy resistance. Therefore, there is an essential need for new diagnostic and prognostic markers that can improve and initiate more personalized treatment, eventually improving survival of the patients. MicroRNAs are small, non-coding RNA molecules, that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression. Several studies have within the last decade shown that microRNAs are deregulated in OC and have potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for OC. Recently studies have also focused on microRNAs as predictors of chemotherapy responses and their potential as therapeutic targets. However, many of the published studies are difficult to interpret as a whole due to various methods of analysis. Future focus should be aimed at developing a general standardized analytical method, which can limit differences between studies thus allowing easier comparison across them. In addition, validation of studies in independent series that ideally should be histotype-specific is essential to determine the clinical role of microRNAs in different types of OC. In this review we summarize the current knowledge of microRNAs as potential biomarkers for OC, with focus on their clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kira Philipsen Prahm
- Molecular Unit, Department of Pathology, Danish Cancer Biobank, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark.,Department of Gynaecology, Juliane Marie Centre, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Guy Wayne Novotny
- Molecular Unit, Department of Pathology, Danish Cancer Biobank, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Claus Høgdall
- Department of Gynaecology, Juliane Marie Centre, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Estrid Høgdall
- Molecular Unit, Department of Pathology, Danish Cancer Biobank, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
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