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Murphy ARJ, Scanlan DJ, Chen Y, Adams NBP, Cadman WA, Bottrill A, Bending G, Hammond JP, Hitchcock A, Wellington EMH, Lidbury IDEA. Transporter characterisation reveals aminoethylphosphonate mineralisation as a key step in the marine phosphorus redox cycle. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4554. [PMID: 34315891 PMCID: PMC8316502 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24646-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The planktonic synthesis of reduced organophosphorus molecules, such as alkylphosphonates and aminophosphonates, represents one half of a vast global oceanic phosphorus redox cycle. Whilst alkylphosphonates tend to accumulate in recalcitrant dissolved organic matter, aminophosphonates do not. Here, we identify three bacterial 2-aminoethylphosphonate (2AEP) transporters, named AepXVW, AepP and AepSTU, whose synthesis is independent of phosphate concentrations (phosphate-insensitive). AepXVW is found in diverse marine heterotrophs and is ubiquitously distributed in mesopelagic and epipelagic waters. Unlike the archetypal phosphonate binding protein, PhnD, AepX has high affinity and high specificity for 2AEP (Stappia stellulata AepX Kd 23 ± 4 nM; methylphosphonate Kd 3.4 ± 0.3 mM). In the global ocean, aepX is heavily transcribed (~100-fold>phnD) independently of phosphate and nitrogen concentrations. Collectively, our data identifies a mechanism responsible for a major oxidation process in the marine phosphorus redox cycle and suggests 2AEP may be an important source of regenerated phosphate and ammonium, which are required for oceanic primary production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R J Murphy
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, UK
| | - David J Scanlan
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, UK
| | - Yin Chen
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, UK
| | - Nathan B P Adams
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- Nanotemper Technologies GmbH, Flößergasse 4, Munich, Germany
| | - William A Cadman
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Andrew Bottrill
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, UK
| | - Gary Bending
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, UK
| | - John P Hammond
- School of Agriculture, Policy, and Development, University of Reading, Earley Gate, Whiteknights, Reading, UK
| | - Andrew Hitchcock
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | | | - Ian D E A Lidbury
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
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Stoichev T, Marques A, Almeida CMR. Modeling the relationship between emerging and persistent organic contaminants in water, sediment and oysters from a temperate lagoon. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 164:111994. [PMID: 33493855 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.111994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The concentrations of emerging and persistent organic contaminants (EPOC) in oysters (CO) from Aveiro Lagoon are represented as a function of their concentrations in water (CW) and sediment (CS) using linear and generalized additive models (LM, GAM). Additionally, four sampling seasons, octanol/water partition coefficients (K) and type of EPOC (pyrethroids, flame-retardants, musks, UV filters, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, others) are included in the models. The probabilities of detection of EPOC in water, sediment and oysters are analyzed by GAM. The behavior of contaminants in water is determined by K with a clear seasonal trend. Sediments are reservoirs for hydrophobic compounds with less seasonal variation. Seasonal changes are found for CO, the last being determined additively both by CW and hydrophobicity from one side and by CS and type of contaminants from the other side. The seasonal change of EPOC concentration in water, sediment and oysters is specific for each contaminant type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teodor Stoichev
- Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros de Leixoes, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - António Marques
- Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros de Leixoes, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; Division of Aquaculture, Seafood Upgrading and Bioprospection, Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere, I.P. (IPMA), Rua Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6, 1495-006 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cristina Marisa R Almeida
- Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros de Leixoes, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
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3
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Drozd M, Gangaiah D, Liu Z, Rajashekara G. Contribution of TAT system translocated PhoX to Campylobacter jejuni phosphate metabolism and resilience to environmental stresses. PLoS One 2011; 6:e26336. [PMID: 22028859 PMCID: PMC3197622 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0026336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2011] [Accepted: 09/25/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni is a common gastrointestinal pathogen that colonizes food animals; it is transmitted via fecal contamination of food, and infections in immune-compromised people are more likely to result in serious long-term illness. Environmental phosphate is likely an important sensor of environmental fitness and the ability to obtain extracellular phosphate is central to the bacteria's core metabolic responses. PhoX is the sole alkaline phosphatase in C. jejuni, a substrate of the TAT transport system. Alkaline phosphatases mediate the hydrolytic removal of inorganic phosphate (Pi) from phospho-organic compounds and thereby contribute significantly to the polyphosphate kinase 1 (ppk1) mediated formation of poly P, a molecule that regulates bacterial response to stresses and virulence. Similarly, deletion of the tatC gene, a key component of the TAT system, results in diverse phenotypes in C. jejuni including reduced stress tolerance and in vivo colonization. Therefore, here we investigated the contribution of phoX in poly P synthesis and in TAT-system mediated responses. The phoX deletion mutant showed significant decrease (P<0.05) in poly P accumulation in stationary phase compared to the wild-type, suggesting that PhoX is a major contributor to the inorganic phosphate pool in the cell which is essential for poly P synthesis. The phoX deletion is sufficient for a nutrient stress defect similar to the defect previously described for the ΔtatC mutant. Additionally, the phoX deletion mutant has increased resistance to certain antimicrobials. The ΔphoX mutant was also moderately defective in invasion and intracellular survival within human intestinal epithelial cells as well as in chicken colonization. Further, the ΔphoX mutant produced increased biofilm that can be rescued with 1 mM inorganic phosphate. The qRT-PCR of the ΔphoX mutant revealed transcriptional changes that suggest potential mechanisms for the increased biofilm phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Drozd
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Dharanesh Gangaiah
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Zhe Liu
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Gireesh Rajashekara
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio, United States of America
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