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Vela J, Mora P, Montiel EE, Rico-Porras JM, Sanllorente O, Amoasii D, Lorite P, Palomeque T. Exploring horizontal transfer of mariner transposable elements among ants and aphids. Gene 2024; 899:148144. [PMID: 38195050 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Aphids and ants are mutualistic species with a close space-time relationship, which may facilitate the occurrence of horizontal transfer events between these insect groups. Myrmar-like mariner elements were previously isolated from two ant (Myrmica ruginodis and Tapinoma ibericum) and two aphid species (Aphis fabae and Aphis hederae). The aim of this work is to determine the presence of Myrmar-like mariner elements in new ant and aphid species, as well as to analyze the likelihood of horizontal transfer events between these taxa. To accomplish this, the Myrmar-like element has been isolated from five aphid species and six ant species. Among these new analyzed species, full-length Myrmar-like mariner elements with very high sequence similarity have been isolated from the aphids Aphis nerii, Aphis spiraecola, Brachycaudus cardui, and Rhopalosiphum maidis as well as from the ants Lasius grandis and Lasius niger, even though aphids and ants belong to two insect orders (Hemiptera and Hymenoptera) that have evolved independently for at least 300 million-years. Both Lasius species establish frequent mutualistic relationships with multiple aphid species, including A. nerii, A. spiraecola, and B. cardui. The study of the putative protein encoded by them and the phylogenetic analysis suggests that they could be active transposons shared by aphids and ants through horizontal transfer events. Additionally, mariner elements with internal deletion were found in several aphids and one ant species, showing a high degree of sequence similarity among them. The characteristics of these elements with internal deletion suggest a complex origin involving various evolutionary processes, possibly including also horizontal transfer events. Myrmar-like elements have also been isolated from the other ant species, although without similarity with the aphid mariner sequences. Myrmar-like elements are also present in phylogenetically distant insect species, as well as in one crustacean species. The phylogenetic study carried out with all Myrmar-like elements suggests the probable occurrence of horizontal transfer events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Vela
- Departamento de Biología Experimental, Área de Genética, Universidad de Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
| | - Pablo Mora
- Departamento de Biología Experimental, Área de Genética, Universidad de Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
| | - Eugenia E Montiel
- Departamento de Biología (Genética), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (CIBC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - José M Rico-Porras
- Departamento de Biología Experimental, Área de Genética, Universidad de Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
| | - Olivia Sanllorente
- Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - Daniela Amoasii
- Departamento de Biología Experimental, Área de Genética, Universidad de Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
| | - Pedro Lorite
- Departamento de Biología Experimental, Área de Genética, Universidad de Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
| | - Teresa Palomeque
- Departamento de Biología Experimental, Área de Genética, Universidad de Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
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Zattera ML, Bruschi DP. Transposable Elements as a Source of Novel Repetitive DNA in the Eukaryote Genome. Cells 2022; 11:cells11213373. [PMID: 36359770 PMCID: PMC9659126 DOI: 10.3390/cells11213373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of transposable elements (TEs) on the evolution of the eukaryote genome has been observed in a number of biological processes, such as the recruitment of the host’s gene expression network or the rearrangement of genome structure. However, TEs may also provide a substrate for the emergence of novel repetitive elements, which contribute to the generation of new genomic components during the course of the evolutionary process. In this review, we examine published descriptions of TEs that give rise to tandem sequences in an attempt to comprehend the relationship between TEs and the emergence of de novo satellite DNA families in eukaryotic organisms. We evaluated the intragenomic behavior of the TEs, the role of their molecular structure, and the chromosomal distribution of the paralogous copies that generate arrays of repeats as a substrate for the emergence of new repetitive elements in the genome. We highlight the involvement and importance of TEs in the eukaryote genome and its remodeling processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Louise Zattera
- Departamento de Genética, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba 81530-000, PR, Brazil
| | - Daniel Pacheco Bruschi
- Departamento de Genética, Laboratorio de Citogenética Evolutiva e Conservação Animal, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba 81530-000, PR, Brazil
- Correspondence:
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Nawae W, Sonthirod C, Yoocha T, Waiyamitra P, Soisook P, Tangphatsornruang S, Pootakham W. Genome assembly of the Pendlebury's roundleaf bat, Hipposideros pendleburyi, revealed the expansion of Tc1/Mariner DNA transposons in Rhinolophoidea. DNA Res 2022; 29:6754705. [PMID: 36214371 PMCID: PMC9549598 DOI: 10.1093/dnares/dsac026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bats (Chiroptera) constitute the second largest order of mammals and have several distinctive features, such as true self-powered flight and strong immunity. The Pendlebury's roundleaf bat, Hipposideros pendleburyi, is endemic to Thailand and listed as a vulnerable species. We employed the 10× Genomics linked-read technology to obtain a genome assembly of H. pendleburyi. The assembly size was 2.17 Gb with a scaffold N50 length of 15,398,518 bases. Our phylogenetic analysis placed H. pendleburyi within the rhinolophoid clade of the suborder Yinpterochiroptera. A synteny analysis showed that H. pendleburyi shared conserved chromosome segments (up to 105 Mb) with Rhinolophus ferrumequinum and Phyllostomus discolor albeit having different chromosome numbers and belonging different families. We found positive selection signals in genes involved in inflammation, spermatogenesis and Wnt signalling. The analyses of transposable elements suggested the contraction of short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs) and the accumulation of young mariner DNA transposons in the analysed hipposiderids. Distinct mariners were likely horizontally transferred to hipposiderid genomes over the evolution of this family. The lineage-specific profiles of SINEs and mariners might involve in the evolution of hipposiderids and be associated with the phylogenetic separations of these bats from other bat families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanapinun Nawae
- National Omics Center (NOC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand Science Park, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Chutima Sonthirod
- National Omics Center (NOC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand Science Park, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Thippawan Yoocha
- National Omics Center (NOC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand Science Park, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Pitchaporn Waiyamitra
- National Omics Center (NOC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand Science Park, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Pipat Soisook
- Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn Natural History Museum, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
| | - Sithichoke Tangphatsornruang
- National Omics Center (NOC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand Science Park, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Wirulda Pootakham
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +66 2 5646700 Ext 71445. Fax: +66 2 5646707.
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Revisiting the Tigger Transposon Evolution Revealing Extensive Involvement in the Shaping of Mammal Genomes. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11060921. [PMID: 35741442 PMCID: PMC9219625 DOI: 10.3390/biology11060921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Despite the discovery of the Tigger family of pogo transposons in the mammalian genome, the evolution profile of this family is still incomplete. Here, we conducted a systematic evolution analysis for Tigger in nature. The data revealed that Tigger was found in a broad variety of animals, and extensive invasion of Tigger was observed in mammal genomes. Common horizontal transfer events of Tigger elements were observed across different lineages of animals, including mammals, that may have led to their widespread distribution, while parasites and invasive species may have promoted Tigger HT events. Our results also indicate that the activity of Tigger transposons tends to be low in vertebrates; only one mammalian genome and fish genome may harbor active Tigger. Abstract The data of this study revealed that Tigger was found in a wide variety of animal genomes, including 180 species from 36 orders of invertebrates and 145 species from 29 orders of vertebrates. An extensive invasion of Tigger was observed in mammals, with a high copy number. Almost 61% of those species contain more than 50 copies of Tigger; however, 46% harbor intact Tigger elements, although the number of these intact elements is very low. Common HT events of Tigger elements were discovered across different lineages of animals, including mammals, that may have led to their widespread distribution, whereas Helogale parvula and arthropods may have aided Tigger HT incidences. The activity of Tigger seems to be low in the kingdom of animals, most copies were truncated in the mammal genomes and lost their transposition activity, and Tigger transposons only display signs of recent and current activities in a few species of animals. The findings suggest that the Tigger family is important in structuring mammal genomes.
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Baril T, Hayward A. Migrators within migrators: exploring transposable element dynamics in the monarch butterfly, Danaus plexippus. Mob DNA 2022; 13:5. [PMID: 35172896 PMCID: PMC8848866 DOI: 10.1186/s13100-022-00263-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths) are an important model system in ecology and evolution. A high-quality chromosomal genome assembly is available for the monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus), but it lacks an in-depth transposable element (TE) annotation, presenting an opportunity to explore monarch TE dynamics and the impact of TEs on shaping the monarch genome. Results We find 6.21% of the monarch genome is comprised of TEs, a reduction of 6.85% compared to the original TE annotation performed on the draft genome assembly. Monarch TE content is low compared to two closely related species with available genomes, Danaus chrysippus (33.97% TE) and Danaus melanippus (11.87% TE). The biggest TE contributions to genome size in the monarch are LINEs and Penelope-like elements, and three newly identified families, r2-hero_dPle (LINE), penelope-1_dPle (Penelope-like), and hase2-1_dPle (SINE), collectively contribute 34.92% of total TE content. We find evidence of recent TE activity, with two novel Tc1 families rapidly expanding over recent timescales (tc1-1_dPle, tc1-2_dPle). LINE fragments show signatures of genomic deletions indicating a high rate of TE turnover. We investigate associations between TEs and wing colouration and immune genes and identify a three-fold increase in TE content around immune genes compared to other host genes. Conclusions We provide a detailed TE annotation and analysis for the monarch genome, revealing a considerably smaller TE contribution to genome content compared to two closely related Danaus species with available genome assemblies. We identify highly successful novel DNA TE families rapidly expanding over recent timescales, and ongoing signatures of both TE expansion and removal highlight the dynamic nature of repeat content in the monarch genome. Our findings also suggest that insect immune genes are promising candidates for future interrogation of TE-mediated host adaptation. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13100-022-00263-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Baril
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, Cornwall, TR10 9FE, UK.
| | - Alexander Hayward
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, Cornwall, TR10 9FE, UK.
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Ben Amara W, Djebbi S, Ben Lazhar-Ajroud W, Naccache C, Mezghani MK. Insights on mauritiana-like Elements Diversity in Mayetiola destructor and M. hordei (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). Genome 2021; 65:165-181. [PMID: 34780303 DOI: 10.1139/gen-2021-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Mariner-like elements (MLEs) are class II transposons belonging to the Tc1-mariner family, that have successfully invaded many insect genomes. In the current study, the availability of the Hessian fly Mayetiola destructor genome has enabled us to perform in silico analysis of MLEs using as query the previously described mariner element (Desmar1) belonging to mauritiana subfamily. Eighteen mauritiana-like elements were detected and were clustered into three main groups named Desmar1-like, MauCons1 and MauCons2. Subsequently, in vitro analysis was carried out to investigate mauritiana-like elements in M. destructor as well as in Mayetiola hordei using primers designed from TIRs of the previously identified MLEs. PCR amplifications were successful and a total of 12 and 17 mauritiana-like elements were discovered in M. destructor and M. hordei, respectively. Sequence analyses of mauritiana-like elements obtained in silico and in vitro have showed that MauCons1 and MauCons2 elements share low similarity with Desmar1 ranging from 50% to 55% suggesting different groups under mauritiana subfamily have invaded the genomes of M. destructor and M. hordei. These groups are likely inherited by vertical transmission that subsequently underwent different evolutionary histories. This work describes new mauritiana-like elements in M. destructor that are distinct from the previouslydiscovered Desmar1 and provides the first evidence of MLEs belonging to mauritiana subfamily in M. hordei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiem Ben Amara
- University of Tunis El Manar Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, 155529, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biotechnology (LR01ES05), Tunis, Tunisia;
| | - Salma Djebbi
- University of Tunis El Manar Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, 155529, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biotechnology (LR01ES05), Tunis, Tunisia;
| | - Wafa Ben Lazhar-Ajroud
- University of Tunis El Manar Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, 155529, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biotechnology (LR01ES05), Tunis, Tunisia;
| | | | - Maha Khemakhem Mezghani
- University of Tunis El Manar Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, 155529, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biotechnology (LR01ES05), Tunis, Tunisia;
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Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Horizontal Transfer of Sailor (DD82E), a New Superfamily of IS630-Tc1-Mariner DNA Transposons. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10101005. [PMID: 34681104 PMCID: PMC8533490 DOI: 10.3390/biology10101005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Transposable elements, including DNA transposons, play a significant role in genetic material exchanges between prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Comparative profiling of the evolution pattern of DNA transposons between prokaryotes and eukaryotes may identify potential genetic material exchanges between them and provide insights into the evolutionary history of prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes. The members of the IS630-Tc1-mariner (ITm) group may represent the most diverse and widely distributed DNA transposons in nature, and the discovery of new members of this group is highly expected based on the increasing availability of genome sequencing data. We discovered a new superfamily (termed Sailor) belonging to the ITm hyperfamily, which differed from the known superfamilies of Tc1/mariner, DDxD/pogo and DD34E/Gambol, regarding phylogenetic position and catalytic domain. Our data revealed that Sailor was distributed in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes and suggested that horizontal transfer (HT) events of Sailor may occur from prokaryotic to eukaryotic genomes. Finally, internal transmissions of Sailor in prokaryotes and eukaryotes were also detected. Abstract Here, a new superfamily of IS630-Tc1-mariner (ITm) DNA transposons, termed Sailor, is identified, that is characterized by a DD82E catalytic domain and is distinct from all previously known superfamilies of the ITm group. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that Sailor forms a monophyletic clade with a more intimate link to the clades of Tc1/mariner and DD34E/Gambol. Sailor was detected in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes and invaded a total of 256 species across six kingdoms. Sailor is present in nine species of bacteria, two species of plantae, four species of protozoa, 23 species of Chromista, 12 species of Fungi and 206 species of animals. Moreover, Sailor is extensively distributed in invertebrates (a total of 206 species from six phyla) but is absent in vertebrates. Sailor transposons are 1.38–6.98 kb in total length and encoded transposases of ~676 aa flanked by TIRs with lengths between 18, 1362 and 4 bp (TATA) target-site duplications. Furthermore, our analysis provided strong evidence of Sailor transmissions from prokaryotes to eukaryotes and internal transmissions in both. These data update the classification of the ITm group and will contribute to the understanding of the evolution of ITm transposons and that of their hosts.
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Zong W, Gao B, Diaby M, Shen D, Wang S, Wang Y, Sang Y, Chen C, Wang X, Song C. Traveler, a New DD35E Family of Tc1/Mariner Transposons, Invaded Vertebrates Very Recently. Genome Biol Evol 2021; 12:66-76. [PMID: 32068835 PMCID: PMC7093834 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evaa034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The discovery of new members of the Tc1/mariner superfamily of transposons is expected based on the increasing availability of genome sequencing data. Here, we identified a new DD35E family termed Traveler (TR). Phylogenetic analyses of its DDE domain and full-length transposase showed that, although TR formed a monophyletic clade, it exhibited the highest sequence identity and closest phylogenetic relationship with DD34E/Tc1. This family displayed a very restricted taxonomic distribution in the animal kingdom and was only detected in ray-finned fish, anura, and squamata, including 91 vertebrate species. The structural organization of TRs was highly conserved across different classes of animals. Most intact TR transposons had a length of ∼1.5 kb (range 1,072-2,191 bp) and harbored a single open reading frame encoding a transposase of ∼340 aa (range 304-350 aa) flanked by two short-terminal inverted repeats (13-68 bp). Several conserved motifs, including two helix-turn-helix motifs, a GRPR motif, a nuclear localization sequence, and a DDE domain, were also identified in TR transposases. This study also demonstrated the presence of horizontal transfer events of TRs in vertebrates, whereas the average sequence identities and the evolutionary dynamics of TR elements across species and clusters strongly indicated that the TR family invaded the vertebrate lineage very recently and that some of these elements may be currently active, combining the intact TR copies in multiple lineages of vertebrates. These data will contribute to the understanding of the evolutionary history of Tc1/mariner transposons and that of their hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wencheng Zong
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bo Gao
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mohamed Diaby
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dan Shen
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Saisai Wang
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yali Wang
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yatong Sang
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cai Chen
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chengyi Song
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, China
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Gao B, Zong W, Miskey C, Ullah N, Diaby M, Chen C, Wang X, Ivics Z, Song C. Intruder (DD38E), a recently evolved sibling family of DD34E/Tc1 transposons in animals. Mob DNA 2020; 11:32. [PMID: 33303022 PMCID: PMC7731502 DOI: 10.1186/s13100-020-00227-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A family of Tc1/mariner transposons with a characteristic DD38E triad of catalytic amino acid residues, named Intruder (IT), was previously discovered in sturgeon genomes, but their evolutionary landscapes remain largely unknown. RESULTS Here, we comprehensively investigated the evolutionary profiles of ITs, and evaluated their cut-and-paste activities in cells. ITs exhibited a narrow taxonomic distribution pattern in the animal kingdom, with invasions into two invertebrate phyla (Arthropoda and Cnidaria) and three vertebrate lineages (Actinopterygii, Agnatha, and Anura): very similar to that of the DD36E/IC family. Some animal orders and species seem to be more hospitable to Tc1/mariner transposons, one order of Amphibia and seven Actinopterygian orders are the most common orders with horizontal transfer events and have been invaded by all four families (DD38E/IT, DD35E/TR, DD36E/IC and DD37E/TRT) of Tc1/mariner transposons, and eight Actinopterygii species were identified as the major hosts of these families. Intact ITs have a total length of 1.5-1.7 kb containing a transposase gene flanked by terminal inverted repeats (TIRs). The phylogenetic tree and sequence identity showed that IT transposases were most closely related to DD34E/Tc1. ITs have been involved in multiple events of horizontal transfer in vertebrates and have invaded most lineages recently (< 5 million years ago) based on insertion age analysis. Accordingly, ITs presented high average sequence identity (86-95%) across most vertebrate species, suggesting that some are putatively active. ITs can transpose in human HeLa cells, and the transposition efficiency of consensus TIRs was higher than that of the TIRs of natural isolates. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that DD38E/IT originated from DD34E/Tc1 and can be detected in two invertebrate phyla (Arthropoda and Cnidaria), and in three vertebrate lineages (Actinopterygii, Agnatha and Anura). IT has experienced multiple HT events in animals, dominated by recent amplifications in most species and has high identity among vertebrate taxa. Our reconstructed IT transposon vector designed according to the sequence from the "cat" genome showed high cut-and-paste activity. The data suggest that IT has been acquired recently and is active in many species. This study is meaningful for understanding the evolution of the Tc1/mariner superfamily members and their hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Gao
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Yangzhou University, 48 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China.,Division of Medical Biotechnology, Paul Ehrlich Institute, 63225, Langen, Germany
| | - Wencheng Zong
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Yangzhou University, 48 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Csaba Miskey
- Division of Medical Biotechnology, Paul Ehrlich Institute, 63225, Langen, Germany
| | - Numan Ullah
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Yangzhou University, 48 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mohamed Diaby
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Yangzhou University, 48 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cai Chen
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Yangzhou University, 48 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Yangzhou University, 48 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zoltán Ivics
- Division of Medical Biotechnology, Paul Ehrlich Institute, 63225, Langen, Germany
| | - Chengyi Song
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Yangzhou University, 48 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China.
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de Melo ES, Wallau GL. Mosquito genomes are frequently invaded by transposable elements through horizontal transfer. PLoS Genet 2020; 16:e1008946. [PMID: 33253164 PMCID: PMC7728395 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Transposable elements (TEs) are mobile genetic elements that parasitize basically all eukaryotic species genomes. Due to their complexity, an in-depth TE characterization is only available for a handful of model organisms. In the present study, we performed a de novo and homology-based characterization of TEs in the genomes of 24 mosquito species and investigated their mode of inheritance. More than 40% of the genome of Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, and Culex quinquefasciatus is composed of TEs, while it varied substantially among Anopheles species (0.13%-19.55%). Class I TEs are the most abundant among mosquitoes and at least 24 TE superfamilies were found. Interestingly, TEs have been extensively exchanged by horizontal transfer (172 TE families of 16 different superfamilies) among mosquitoes in the last 30 million years. Horizontally transferred TEs represents around 7% of the genome in Aedes species and a small fraction in Anopheles genomes. Most of these horizontally transferred TEs are from the three ubiquitous LTR superfamilies: Gypsy, Bel-Pao and Copia. Searching more than 32,000 genomes, we also uncovered transfers between mosquitoes and two different Phyla-Cnidaria and Nematoda-and two subphyla-Chelicerata and Crustacea, identifying a vector, the worm Wuchereria bancrofti, that enabled the horizontal spread of a Tc1-mariner element among various Anopheles species. These data also allowed us to reconstruct the horizontal transfer network of this TE involving more than 40 species. In summary, our results suggest that TEs are frequently exchanged by horizontal transfers among mosquitoes, influencing mosquito's genome size and variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elverson Soares de Melo
- Department of Entomology, Aggeu Magalhães Institute–Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Luz Wallau
- Department of Entomology, Aggeu Magalhães Institute–Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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Ustyantsev K, Biryukov M, Sukhikh I, Shatskaya NV, Fet V, Blinov A, Konopatskaia I. Diversity of <i>mariner</i>-like elements in Orthoptera. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genet Selektsii 2020. [DOI: 10.18699/vj19.581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mariner-like elements (MLEs) are among the most widespread DNA transposable elements in eukaryotes. Insects were the first organisms in which MLEs were identified, however the diversity of MLEs in the insect order Orthoptera has not yet been addressed. In the present study, we explore the diversity of MLEs elements in 16 species of Orthoptera belonging to three infraorders, Acridoidea (Caelifera), Grylloidea (Ensifera), and Tettigoniidea (Ensifera) by combining data mined from computational analysis of sequenced degenerative PCR MLE amplicons and available Orthoptera genomic scaffolds. In total, 75 MLE lineages (Ortmar) were identified in all the studied genomes. Automatic phylogeny-based classification suggested that the current known variability of MLEs can be assigned to seven statistically well-supported phylogenetic clusters (I–VII), and the identified Orthoptera lineages were distributed among all of them. The majority of the lineages (36 out of 75) belong to cluster I; 20 belong to cluster VI; and seven, six, four, one and one lineages belong to clusters II, IV, VII, III, and V, respectively. Two of the clusters (II and IV) were composed of a single Orthoptera MLE lineage each (Ortmar37 and Ortmar45, respectively) which were distributed in the vast majority of the studied Orthoptera genomes. Finally, for 16 Orthoptera MLE lineages, horizontal transfer from the distantly related taxa belonging to other insect orders may have occurred. We believe that our study can serve as a basis for future researches on the diversity, distribution, and evolution of MLEs in species of other taxa that are still lacking the sequenced genomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - I. Sukhikh
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, SB RAS
| | | | | | - A. Blinov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, SB RAS; Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, SB RAS
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12
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Lee CC, Wang J. Rapid Expansion of a Highly Germline-Expressed Mariner Element Acquired by Horizontal Transfer in the Fire Ant Genome. Genome Biol Evol 2018; 10:3262-3278. [PMID: 30304394 PMCID: PMC6307670 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evy220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Transposable elements (TEs) are present in almost all organisms and affect the host in various ways. TE activity can increase genomic variation and thereby affect host evolution. Currently active TEs are particularly interesting because they are likely generating new genomic diversity. These active TEs have been poorly studied outside of model organisms. In this study, we aimed to identify currently active TEs of a notorious invasive species, the red imported fire ant Solenopsis invicta. Using RNA profiling of male and female germline tissues, we found that the majority of TE-containing transcripts in the fire ant germline belong to the IS630-Tc1-Mariner superfamily. Subsequent genomic characterization of fire ant mariner content, molecular evolution analysis, and population comparisons revealed a highly expressed and highly polymorphic mariner element that is rapidly expanding in the fire ant genome. Additionally, using comparative genomics of multiple insect species we showed that this mariner has undergone several recent horizontal transfer events (<5.1 My). Our results document a rare case of a currently active TE originating from horizontal transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chi Lee
- Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Laboratory of Insect Ecology, Division of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Japan
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - John Wang
- Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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13
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Amorim IC, Costa RGC, Xavier C, de Moura RDC. Characterization and chromosomal mapping of the DgmarMITE transposon in populations of Dichotomius (Luederwaldtinia) sericeus species complex (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Genet Mol Biol 2018; 41:419-425. [PMID: 29870572 PMCID: PMC6082228 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2017-0230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Transposable elements are dispersed repetitive DNA sequences that can move within the genome and are related to genome and chromosome evolution, adaptation, and speciation. The aim of this study was to characterize and determine the chromosomal location and accumulation of a Mariner-like element in populations of four phylogenetically related species of the Dichotomius (Luederwaldtinia) sericeus complex. Mapping of the isolated element was performed by fluorescent in situ hybridization in different populations of analyzed species. Characterization of the isolated element revealed a degenerated transposon, named DgmarMITE. This transposon is 496-bp-long, AT rich (57%), and contains 24 bp terminal inverted repeats. In situ mapping revealed presence of this element only in two out of four species analyzed. DgmarMITE sites were located in heterochromatic and euchromatic regions and varied in location and number on the karyotypes of Dichotomius (L.) gilletti and D. (L.) guaribensis across different populations. These results demonstrate differential accumulation of the DgmarMITE in genomes of these species, which is probably due to the occurrence of ectopic recombination and cross-mobilization of the element mediated by the transposase of closely related or unrelated transposable elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Costa Amorim
- Universidade de PernambucoUniversidade de PernambucoInstituto de Ciências
BiológicasLaboratório de Biodiversidade e Genética de
InsetosRecifePEBrazilLaboratório de Biodiversidade e Genética de
Insetos, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Pernambuco,
Recife, PE, Brazil
- Universidade Federal de
PernambucoUniversidade Federal de
PernambucoCentro de BiociênciasDepartamento de GenéticaRecifePEBrazilDepartamento de Genética, Centro de
Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE,
Brazil
| | - Rafaelle Grazielle Coelho Costa
- Universidade de PernambucoUniversidade de PernambucoInstituto de Ciências
BiológicasLaboratório de Biodiversidade e Genética de
InsetosRecifePEBrazilLaboratório de Biodiversidade e Genética de
Insetos, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Pernambuco,
Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Crislaine Xavier
- Universidade de PernambucoUniversidade de PernambucoInstituto de Ciências
BiológicasLaboratório de Biodiversidade e Genética de
InsetosRecifePEBrazilLaboratório de Biodiversidade e Genética de
Insetos, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Pernambuco,
Recife, PE, Brazil
- Universidade Federal de
PernambucoUniversidade Federal de
PernambucoCentro de BiociênciasDepartamento de GenéticaRecifePEBrazilDepartamento de Genética, Centro de
Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE,
Brazil
| | - Rita de Cássia de Moura
- Universidade de PernambucoUniversidade de PernambucoInstituto de Ciências
BiológicasLaboratório de Biodiversidade e Genética de
InsetosRecifePEBrazilLaboratório de Biodiversidade e Genética de
Insetos, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Pernambuco,
Recife, PE, Brazil
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14
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Horizontal acquisition of transposable elements and viral sequences: patterns and consequences. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2018; 49:15-24. [PMID: 29505963 DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2018.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
It is becoming clear that most eukaryotic transposable elements (TEs) owe their evolutionary success in part to horizontal transfer events, which enable them to invade new species. Recent large-scale studies are beginning to unravel the mechanisms and ecological factors underlying this mode of transmission. Viruses are increasingly recognized as vectors in the process but also as a direct source of genetic material horizontally acquired by eukaryotic organisms. Because TEs and endogenous viruses are major catalysts of variation and innovation in genomes, we argue that horizontal inheritance has had a more profound impact in eukaryotic evolution than is commonly appreciated. To support this proposal, we compile a list of examples, including some previously unrecognized, whereby new host functions and phenotypes can be directly attributed to horizontally acquired TE or viral sequences. We predict that the number of examples will rapidly grow in the future as the prevalence of horizontal transfer in the life cycle of TEs becomes even more apparent, firmly establishing this form of non-Mendelian inheritance as a consequential facet of eukaryotic evolution.
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Wallau GL, Vieira C, Loreto ÉLS. Genetic exchange in eukaryotes through horizontal transfer: connected by the mobilome. Mob DNA 2018; 9:6. [PMID: 29422954 PMCID: PMC5791352 DOI: 10.1186/s13100-018-0112-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background All living species contain genetic information that was once shared by their common ancestor. DNA is being inherited through generations by vertical transmission (VT) from parents to offspring and from ancestor to descendant species. This process was considered the sole pathway by which biological entities exchange inheritable information. However, Horizontal Transfer (HT), the exchange of genetic information by other means than parents to offspring, was discovered in prokaryotes along with strong evidence showing that it is a very important process by which prokaryotes acquire new genes. Main body For some time now, it has been a scientific consensus that HT events were rare and non-relevant for evolution of eukaryotic species, but there is growing evidence supporting that HT is an important and frequent phenomenon in eukaryotes as well. Conclusion Here, we will discuss the latest findings regarding HT among eukaryotes, mainly HT of transposons (HTT), establishing HTT once and for all as an important phenomenon that should be taken into consideration to fully understand eukaryotes genome evolution. In addition, we will discuss the latest development methods to detect such events in a broader scale and highlight the new approaches which should be pursued by researchers to fill the knowledge gaps regarding HTT among eukaryotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Luz Wallau
- 1Entomology Department, Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Recife, PE Brazil
| | - Cristina Vieira
- 2Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, UMR5558, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Élgion Lúcio Silva Loreto
- 3Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS Brazil
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Shapiro JA. Living Organisms Author Their Read-Write Genomes in Evolution. BIOLOGY 2017; 6:E42. [PMID: 29211049 PMCID: PMC5745447 DOI: 10.3390/biology6040042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Evolutionary variations generating phenotypic adaptations and novel taxa resulted from complex cellular activities altering genome content and expression: (i) Symbiogenetic cell mergers producing the mitochondrion-bearing ancestor of eukaryotes and chloroplast-bearing ancestors of photosynthetic eukaryotes; (ii) interspecific hybridizations and genome doublings generating new species and adaptive radiations of higher plants and animals; and, (iii) interspecific horizontal DNA transfer encoding virtually all of the cellular functions between organisms and their viruses in all domains of life. Consequently, assuming that evolutionary processes occur in isolated genomes of individual species has become an unrealistic abstraction. Adaptive variations also involved natural genetic engineering of mobile DNA elements to rewire regulatory networks. In the most highly evolved organisms, biological complexity scales with "non-coding" DNA content more closely than with protein-coding capacity. Coincidentally, we have learned how so-called "non-coding" RNAs that are rich in repetitive mobile DNA sequences are key regulators of complex phenotypes. Both biotic and abiotic ecological challenges serve as triggers for episodes of elevated genome change. The intersections of cell activities, biosphere interactions, horizontal DNA transfers, and non-random Read-Write genome modifications by natural genetic engineering provide a rich molecular and biological foundation for understanding how ecological disruptions can stimulate productive, often abrupt, evolutionary transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A Shapiro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago GCIS W123B, 979 E. 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
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17
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Bertocchi NA, Torres FP, Garnero ADV, Gunski RJ, Wallau GL. Evolutionary history of the mariner element galluhop in avian genomes. Mob DNA 2017; 8:11. [PMID: 28814978 PMCID: PMC5556988 DOI: 10.1186/s13100-017-0094-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transposable elements (TEs) are highly abundant genomic parasites in eukaryote genomes. Although several genomes have been screened for TEs, so far very limited information is available regarding avian TEs and their evolutionary histories. Taking advantage of the rich genomic data available for birds, we characterized the evolutionary history of the galluhop element, originally described in Gallus gallus, through the use of several bioinformatic analyses. RESULTS galluhop homologous sequences were found in 6 of 72 genomes analyzed: 5 species of Galliformes (Gallus gallus, Meleagris gallopavo, Coturnix japonica, Colinus virginianus, Lyrurus tetrix) and one Buceritiformes (Buceros rhinoceros). The copy number ranged from 5 to 10,158, in the genomes of C. japonica and G. gallus respectively. All 6 species possessed short elements, suggesting the presence of Miniature Inverted repeats Transposable Elements (MITEs), which underwent an ancient massive amplification in the G. gallus and M. gallopavo genomes. Only 4 species showed potential MITE full-length partners, although no potential coding copies were detected. Phylogenetic analysis of reconstructed coding sequences showed that galluhop homolog sequences form a new mariner subfamily, which we termed Gallus. Inter-species and intragenomic galluhop distance analyses indicated a high identity between the consensus of B. rhinoceros and the other 5 related species, and different emergence ages of the element between the Galliformes species and B. rhinocerus, suggesting that horizontal transfer took place from Galliformes to a Buceritiformes ancestor, probably through an intermediate species. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our results showed that mariner elements have amplified to high copy numbers in some avian species, and that this transposition burst probably occurred in the common ancestor of G. gallus and M. gallopavo. In addition, although no coding sequences could be found currently, they probably existed, allowing an ancient massive MITE amplification in these 2 species. The other 4 species also have MITEs, suggesting that this new mariner family is prone to give rise to such non-autonomous derivatives. Last, our results suggest that a horizontal transfer event of a galluhop element occurred between Galliformes and Buceritiformes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Avila Bertocchi
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pampa (Unipampa), São Gabriel, Rio Grande do sul 97300-000 Brazil
- Laboratório de Diversidade Genética Animal, Universidade Federal do Pampa (Unipampa), São Gabriel, Rio Grande do sul 97300-000 Brazil
| | - Fabiano Pimentel Torres
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pampa (Unipampa), São Gabriel, Rio Grande do sul 97300-000 Brazil
- Laboratório de Diversidade Genética Animal, Universidade Federal do Pampa (Unipampa), São Gabriel, Rio Grande do sul 97300-000 Brazil
| | - Analía del Valle Garnero
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pampa (Unipampa), São Gabriel, Rio Grande do sul 97300-000 Brazil
- Laboratório de Diversidade Genética Animal, Universidade Federal do Pampa (Unipampa), São Gabriel, Rio Grande do sul 97300-000 Brazil
| | - Ricardo José Gunski
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pampa (Unipampa), São Gabriel, Rio Grande do sul 97300-000 Brazil
- Laboratório de Diversidade Genética Animal, Universidade Federal do Pampa (Unipampa), São Gabriel, Rio Grande do sul 97300-000 Brazil
| | - Gabriel Luz Wallau
- Departamento de Entomologia, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães – FIOCRUZ-CPqAM, Recife, Pernambuco Brazil
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18
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Palazzo A, Lovero D, D’Addabbo P, Caizzi R, Marsano RM. Identification of Bari Transposons in 23 Sequenced Drosophila Genomes Reveals Novel Structural Variants, MITEs and Horizontal Transfer. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156014. [PMID: 27213270 PMCID: PMC4877112 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bari elements are members of the Tc1-mariner superfamily of DNA transposons, originally discovered in Drosophila melanogaster, and subsequently identified in silico in 11 sequenced Drosophila genomes and as experimentally isolated in four non-sequenced Drosophila species. Bari-like elements have been also studied for their mobility both in vivo and in vitro. We analyzed 23 Drosophila genomes and carried out a detailed characterization of the Bari elements identified, including those from the heterochromatic Bari1 cluster in D. melanogaster. We have annotated 401 copies of Bari elements classified either as putatively autonomous or inactive according to the structure of the terminal sequences and the presence of a complete transposase-coding region. Analyses of the integration sites revealed that Bari transposase prefers AT-rich sequences in which the TA target is cleaved and duplicated. Furthermore evaluation of transposon’s co-occurrence near the integration sites of Bari elements showed a non-random distribution of other transposable elements. We also unveil the existence of a putatively autonomous Bari1 variant characterized by two identical long Terminal Inverted Repeats, in D. rhopaloa. In addition, we detected MITEs related to Bari transposons in 9 species. Phylogenetic analyses based on transposase gene and the terminal sequences confirmed that Bari-like elements are distributed into three subfamilies. A few inconsistencies in Bari phylogenetic tree with respect to the Drosophila species tree could be explained by the occurrence of horizontal transfer events as also suggested by the results of dS analyses. This study further clarifies the Bari transposon’s evolutionary dynamics and increases our understanding on the Tc1-mariner elements’ biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Palazzo
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro” via Orabona 4 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Domenica Lovero
- Istituto di Biomembrane e Bioenergetica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Pietro D’Addabbo
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro” via Orabona 4 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Ruggiero Caizzi
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro” via Orabona 4 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - René Massimiliano Marsano
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro” via Orabona 4 70125, Bari, Italy
- * E-mail:
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19
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Filée J, Rouault JD, Harry M, Hua-Van A. Mariner transposons are sailing in the genome of the blood-sucking bug Rhodnius prolixus. BMC Genomics 2015; 16:1061. [PMID: 26666222 PMCID: PMC4678618 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-2060-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Triatomine bug Rhodnius prolixus is a vector of Trypanosoma cruzi, which causes the Chagas disease in Latin America. R. prolixus can also transfer transposable elements horizontally across a wide range of species. We have taken advantage of the availability of the 700 Mbp complete genome sequence of R. prolixus to study the dynamics of invasion and persistence of transposable elements in this species. Results Using both library-based and de novo methods of transposon detection, we found less than 6 % of transposable elements in the R. prolixus genome, a relatively low percentage compared to other insect genomes with a similar genome size. DNA transposons are surprisingly abundant and elements belonging to the mariner family are by far the most preponderant components of the mobile part of this genome with 11,015 mariner transposons that could be clustered in 89 groups (75 % of the mobilome). Our analysis allowed the detection of a new mariner clade in the R. prolixus genome, that we called nosferatis. We demonstrated that a large diversity of mariner elements invaded the genome and expanded successfully over time via three main processes. (i) several families experienced recent and massive expansion, for example an explosive burst of a single mariner family led to the generation of more than 8000 copies. These recent expansion events explain the unusual prevalence of mariner transposons in the R. prolixus genome. Other families expanded via older bursts of transposition demonstrating the long lasting permissibility of mariner transposons in the R. prolixus genome. (ii) Many non-autonomous families generated by internal deletions were also identified. Interestingly, two non autonomous families were generated by atypical recombinations (5' part replacement with 3' part). (iii) at least 10 cases of horizontal transfers were found, supporting the idea that host/vector relationships played a pivotal role in the transmission and subsequent persistence of transposable elements in this genome. Conclusion These data provide a new insight into the evolution of transposons in the genomes of hematophagous insects and bring additional evidences that lateral exchanges of mobile genetics elements occur frequently in the R. prolixus genome. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-015-2060-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Filée
- Laboratoire Evolution, Génome, Comportement, Ecologie UMR9191 CNRS, IRD Université Paris-Sud, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Jacques-Deric Rouault
- Laboratoire Evolution, Génome, Comportement, Ecologie UMR9191 CNRS, IRD Université Paris-Sud, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Myriam Harry
- Laboratoire Evolution, Génome, Comportement, Ecologie UMR9191 CNRS, IRD Université Paris-Sud, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.,UFR de Sciences, Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - Aurélie Hua-Van
- Laboratoire Evolution, Génome, Comportement, Ecologie UMR9191 CNRS, IRD Université Paris-Sud, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.,UFR de Sciences, Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
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20
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Kapheim KM, Pan H, Li C, Salzberg SL, Puiu D, Magoc T, Robertson HM, Hudson ME, Venkat A, Fischman BJ, Hernandez A, Yandell M, Ence D, Holt C, Yocum GD, Kemp WP, Bosch J, Waterhouse RM, Zdobnov EM, Stolle E, Kraus FB, Helbing S, Moritz RFA, Glastad KM, Hunt BG, Goodisman MAD, Hauser F, Grimmelikhuijzen CJP, Pinheiro DG, Nunes FMF, Soares MPM, Tanaka ÉD, Simões ZLP, Hartfelder K, Evans JD, Barribeau SM, Johnson RM, Massey JH, Southey BR, Hasselmann M, Hamacher D, Biewer M, Kent CF, Zayed A, Blatti C, Sinha S, Johnston JS, Hanrahan SJ, Kocher SD, Wang J, Robinson GE, Zhang G. Social evolution. Genomic signatures of evolutionary transitions from solitary to group living. Science 2015; 348:1139-43. [PMID: 25977371 PMCID: PMC5471836 DOI: 10.1126/science.aaa4788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The evolution of eusociality is one of the major transitions in evolution, but the underlying genomic changes are unknown. We compared the genomes of 10 bee species that vary in social complexity, representing multiple independent transitions in social evolution, and report three major findings. First, many important genes show evidence of neutral evolution as a consequence of relaxed selection with increasing social complexity. Second, there is no single road map to eusociality; independent evolutionary transitions in sociality have independent genetic underpinnings. Third, though clearly independent in detail, these transitions do have similar general features, including an increase in constrained protein evolution accompanied by increases in the potential for gene regulation and decreases in diversity and abundance of transposable elements. Eusociality may arise through different mechanisms each time, but would likely always involve an increase in the complexity of gene networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen M Kapheim
- Carl R. WoeseInstitute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA. Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA. Department of Biology, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA.
| | - Hailin Pan
- China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China
| | - Cai Li
- China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China. Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 1350, Denmark
| | - Steven L Salzberg
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Computer Science, and Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA. Center for Computational Biology, McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Daniela Puiu
- Center for Computational Biology, McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Tanja Magoc
- Center for Computational Biology, McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Hugh M Robertson
- Carl R. WoeseInstitute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA. Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Matthew E Hudson
- Carl R. WoeseInstitute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA. Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Aarti Venkat
- Carl R. WoeseInstitute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA. Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA. Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Brielle J Fischman
- Carl R. WoeseInstitute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA. Program in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA. Department of Biology, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Geneva, NY 14456, USA
| | - Alvaro Hernandez
- Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Mark Yandell
- Department of Human Genetics, Eccles Institute of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA. USTAR Center for Genetic Discovery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Daniel Ence
- Department of Human Genetics, Eccles Institute of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Carson Holt
- Department of Human Genetics, Eccles Institute of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA. USTAR Center for Genetic Discovery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - George D Yocum
- U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) Red River Valley Agricultural Research Center, Biosciences Research Laboratory, Fargo, ND 58102, USA
| | - William P Kemp
- U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) Red River Valley Agricultural Research Center, Biosciences Research Laboratory, Fargo, ND 58102, USA
| | - Jordi Bosch
- Center for Ecological Research and Forestry Applications (CREAF), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Robert M Waterhouse
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva Medical School, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland. Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Evgeny M Zdobnov
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva Medical School, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Eckart Stolle
- Institute of Biology, Department Zoology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Hoher Weg 4, D-06099 Halle (Saale), Germany. Queen Mary University of London, School of Biological and Chemical Sciences Organismal Biology Research Group, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - F Bernhard Kraus
- Institute of Biology, Department Zoology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Hoher Weg 4, D-06099 Halle (Saale), Germany. Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Halle, Ernst Grube Strasse 40, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Sophie Helbing
- Institute of Biology, Department Zoology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Hoher Weg 4, D-06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Robin F A Moritz
- Institute of Biology, Department Zoology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Hoher Weg 4, D-06099 Halle (Saale), Germany. German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Karl M Glastad
- School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Brendan G Hunt
- Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Griffin, GA 30223, USA
| | | | - Frank Hauser
- Center for Functional and Comparative Insect Genomics, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Cornelis J P Grimmelikhuijzen
- Center for Functional and Comparative Insect Genomics, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daniel Guariz Pinheiro
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, 14040-901 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil. Departamento de Tecnologia, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 14884-900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Francis Morais Franco Nunes
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Michelle Prioli Miranda Soares
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, 14040-901 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Érica Donato Tanaka
- Departamento de Genética, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, 14049-900 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Zilá Luz Paulino Simões
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, 14040-901 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Klaus Hartfelder
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular e Bioagentes Patogênicos, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, 14049-900 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Jay D Evans
- USDA-ARS Bee Research Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA
| | - Seth M Barribeau
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA
| | - Reed M Johnson
- Department of Entomology, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA
| | - Jonathan H Massey
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Bruce R Southey
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Martin Hasselmann
- Department of Population Genomics, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Animal Breeding, University of Hohenheim, Germany
| | - Daniel Hamacher
- Department of Population Genomics, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Animal Breeding, University of Hohenheim, Germany
| | - Matthias Biewer
- Department of Population Genomics, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Animal Breeding, University of Hohenheim, Germany
| | - Clement F Kent
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. Janelia Farm Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institue, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA
| | - Amro Zayed
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Charles Blatti
- Carl R. WoeseInstitute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA. Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Saurabh Sinha
- Carl R. WoeseInstitute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA. Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - J Spencer Johnston
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Shawn J Hanrahan
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Sarah D Kocher
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Jun Wang
- China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China. Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark. Princess Al Jawhara Center of Excellence in the Research of Hereditary Disorders, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia. Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai long, Taipa, Macau 999078, China. Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| | - Gene E Robinson
- Carl R. WoeseInstitute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA. Center for Advanced Study Professor in Entomology and Neuroscience, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Guojie Zhang
- China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China. Centre for Social Evolution, Department of Biology, Universitetsparken 15, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Chalopin D, Naville M, Plard F, Galiana D, Volff JN. Comparative analysis of transposable elements highlights mobilome diversity and evolution in vertebrates. Genome Biol Evol 2015; 7:567-80. [PMID: 25577199 PMCID: PMC4350176 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evv005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Transposable elements (TEs) are major components of vertebrate genomes, with major roles in genome architecture and evolution. In order to characterize both common patterns and lineage-specific differences in TE content and TE evolution, we have compared the mobilomes of 23 vertebrate genomes, including 10 actinopterygian fish, 11 sarcopterygians, and 2 nonbony vertebrates. We found important variations in TE content (from 6% in the pufferfish tetraodon to 55% in zebrafish), with a more important relative contribution of TEs to genome size in fish than in mammals. Some TE superfamilies were found to be widespread in vertebrates, but most elements showed a more patchy distribution, indicative of multiple events of loss or gain. Interestingly, loss of major TE families was observed during the evolution of the sarcopterygian lineage, with a particularly strong reduction in TE diversity in birds and mammals. Phylogenetic trends in TE composition and activity were detected: Teleost fish genomes are dominated by DNA transposons and contain few ancient TE copies, while mammalian genomes have been predominantly shaped by nonlong terminal repeat retrotransposons, along with the persistence of older sequences. Differences were also found within lineages: The medaka fish genome underwent more recent TE amplification than the related platyfish, as observed for LINE retrotransposons in the mouse compared with the human genome. This study allows the identification of putative cases of horizontal transfer of TEs, and to tentatively infer the composition of the ancestral vertebrate mobilome. Taken together, the results obtained highlight the importance of TEs in the structure and evolution of vertebrate genomes, and demonstrate their major impact on genome diversity both between and within lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domitille Chalopin
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5242, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Magali Naville
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5242, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Floriane Plard
- Laboratoire "Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive," Unité Mixte de Recherche 5558, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Delphine Galiana
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5242, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Jean-Nicolas Volff
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5242, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon Cedex 07, France
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Xavier C, Cabral-de-Mello DC, de Moura RC. Heterochromatin and molecular characterization of DsmarMITE transposable element in the beetle Dichotomius schiffleri (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Genetica 2014; 142:575-81. [DOI: 10.1007/s10709-014-9805-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Large Numbers of Novel miRNAs Originate from DNA Transposons and Are Coincident with a Large Species Radiation in Bats. Mol Biol Evol 2014; 31:1536-45. [DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msu112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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Skipper KA, Andersen PR, Sharma N, Mikkelsen JG. DNA transposon-based gene vehicles - scenes from an evolutionary drive. J Biomed Sci 2013; 20:92. [PMID: 24320156 PMCID: PMC3878927 DOI: 10.1186/1423-0127-20-92] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA transposons are primitive genetic elements which have colonized living organisms from plants to bacteria and mammals. Through evolution such parasitic elements have shaped their host genomes by replicating and relocating between chromosomal loci in processes catalyzed by the transposase proteins encoded by the elements themselves. DNA transposable elements are constantly adapting to life in the genome, and self-suppressive regulation as well as defensive host mechanisms may assist in buffering ‘cut-and-paste’ DNA mobilization until accumulating mutations will eventually restrict events of transposition. With the reconstructed Sleeping Beauty DNA transposon as a powerful engine, a growing list of transposable elements with activity in human cells have moved into biomedical experimentation and preclinical therapy as versatile vehicles for delivery and genomic insertion of transgenes. In this review, we aim to link the mechanisms that drive transposon evolution with the realities and potential challenges we are facing when adapting DNA transposons for gene transfer. We argue that DNA transposon-derived vectors may carry inherent, and potentially limiting, traits of their mother elements. By understanding in detail the evolutionary journey of transposons, from host colonization to element multiplication and inactivation, we may better exploit the potential of distinct transposable elements. Hence, parallel efforts to investigate and develop distinct, but potent, transposon-based vector systems will benefit the broad applications of gene transfer. Insight and clever optimization have shaped new DNA transposon vectors, which recently debuted in the first DNA transposon-based clinical trial. Learning from an evolutionary drive may help us create gene vehicles that are safer, more efficient, and less prone for suppression and inactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jacob Giehm Mikkelsen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Wilh, Meyers Allé 4, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.
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Oliveira SG, Cabral-de-Mello DC, Moura RC, Martins C. Chromosomal organization and evolutionary history of Mariner transposable elements in Scarabaeinae coleopterans. Mol Cytogenet 2013; 6:54. [PMID: 24286129 PMCID: PMC3906913 DOI: 10.1186/1755-8166-6-54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 10/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background With the aim to increase the knowledge on the evolution of coleopteran genomes, we investigated through cytogenetics and nucleotide sequence analysis Mariner transposons in three Scarabaeinae species (Coprophanaeus cyanescens, C. ensifer and Diabroctis mimas). Results The cytogenetic mapping revealed an accumulation of Mariner transposon in the pericentromeric repetitive regions characterized as rich in heterochromatin and C0t-1 DNA fraction (DNA enriched with high and moderately repeated sequences). Nucleotide sequence analysis of Mariner revealed the presence of two major groups of Mariner copies in the three investigated coleoptera species. Conclusions The Mariner is accumulated in the centromeric area of the coleopteran chromosomes probably as a consequence of the absence of recombination in the heterochromatic regions. Our analysis detected high diversification of Mariner sequences during the evolutionary history of the group. Furthermore, comparisons between the coleopterans sequences with other insects and mammals, suggest that the horizontal transfer (HT) could have acted in the spreading of the Mariner in diverse non-related animal groups.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Cesar Martins
- Morphology Department, Biosciences Institute, UNESP - São Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP 18618-970, Brazil.
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Mos1 transposon-based transformation of fish cell lines using baculoviral vectors. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 439:18-22. [PMID: 23958306 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2013] [Accepted: 08/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Drosophila Mos1 belongs to the mariner family of transposons, which are one of the most ubiquitous transposons among eukaryotes. We first determined nuclear transportation of the Drosophila Mos1-EGFP fusion protein in fish cell lines because it is required for a function of transposons. We next constructed recombinant baculoviral vectors harboring the Drosophila Mos1 transposon or marker genes located between Mos1 inverted repeats. The infectivity of the recombinant virus to fish cells was assessed by monitoring the expression of a fluorescent protein encoded in the viral genome. We detected transgene expression in CHSE-214, HINAE, and EPC cells, but not in GF or RTG-2 cells. In the co-infection assay of the Mos1-expressing virus and reporter gene-expressing virus, we successfully transformed CHSE-214 and HINAE cells. These results suggest that the combination of a baculovirus and Mos1 transposable element may be a tool for transgenesis in fish cells.
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