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Kozlov EN, Tokmatcheva EV, Khrustaleva AM, Grebenshchikov ES, Deev RV, Gilmutdinov RA, Lebedeva LA, Zhukova M, Savvateeva-Popova EV, Schedl P, Shidlovskii YV. Long-Term Memory Formation in Drosophila Depends on the 3'UTR of CPEB Gene orb2. Cells 2023; 12:cells12020318. [PMID: 36672258 PMCID: PMC9856895 DOI: 10.3390/cells12020318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of local translation in neurites in response to stimulation is an important step in the formation of long-term memory (LTM). CPEB proteins are a family of translation factors involved in LTM formation. The Drosophila CPEB protein Orb2 plays an important role in the development and function of the nervous system. Mutations of the coding region of the orb2 gene have previously been shown to impair LTM formation. We found that a deletion of the 3'UTR of the orb2 gene similarly results in loss of LTM in Drosophila. As a result of the deletion, the content of the Orb2 protein remained the same in the neuron soma, but significantly decreased in synapses. Using RNA immunoprecipitation followed by high-throughput sequencing, we detected more than 6000 potential Orb2 mRNA targets expressed in the Drosophila brain. Importantly, deletion of the 3'UTR of orb2 mRNA also affected the localization of the Csp, Pyd, and Eya proteins, which are encoded by putative mRNA targets of Orb2. Therefore, the 3'UTR of the orb2 mRNA is important for the proper localization of Orb2 and other proteins in synapses of neurons and the brain as a whole, providing a molecular basis for LTM formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene N. Kozlov
- Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation in Development, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena V. Tokmatcheva
- Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 188680 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anastasia M. Khrustaleva
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Eugene S. Grebenshchikov
- Department of Biology and General Genetics, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119992 Moscow, Russia
| | - Roman V. Deev
- Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation in Development, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Rudolf A. Gilmutdinov
- Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation in Development, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Lyubov A. Lebedeva
- Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation in Development, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mariya Zhukova
- Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation in Development, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Paul Schedl
- Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation in Development, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544-1014, USA
| | - Yulii V. Shidlovskii
- Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation in Development, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Biology and General Genetics, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119992 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence:
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2
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Wright BA, Kvansakul M, Schierwater B, Humbert PO. Cell polarity signalling at the birth of multicellularity: What can we learn from the first animals. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1024489. [PMID: 36506100 PMCID: PMC9729800 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1024489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The innovation of multicellularity has driven the unparalleled evolution of animals (Metazoa). But how is a multicellular organism formed and how is its architecture maintained faithfully? The defining properties and rules required for the establishment of the architecture of multicellular organisms include the development of adhesive cell interactions, orientation of division axis, and the ability to reposition daughter cells over long distances. Central to all these properties is the ability to generate asymmetry (polarity), coordinated by a highly conserved set of proteins known as cell polarity regulators. The cell polarity complexes, Scribble, Par and Crumbs, are considered to be a metazoan innovation with apicobasal polarity and adherens junctions both believed to be present in all animals. A better understanding of the fundamental mechanisms regulating cell polarity and tissue architecture should provide key insights into the development and regeneration of all animals including humans. Here we review what is currently known about cell polarity and its control in the most basal metazoans, and how these first examples of multicellular life can inform us about the core mechanisms of tissue organisation and repair, and ultimately diseases of tissue organisation, such as cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bree A. Wright
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Marc Kvansakul
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Research Centre for Molecular Cancer Prevention, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Bernd Schierwater
- Institute of Animal Ecology and Evolution, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Bünteweg, Hannover, Germany
| | - Patrick O. Humbert
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Research Centre for Molecular Cancer Prevention, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,*Correspondence: Patrick O. Humbert,
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3
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Deng Q, Wang C, Koe CT, Heinen JP, Tan YS, Li S, Gonzalez C, Sung WK, Wang H. Parafibromin governs cell polarity and centrosome assembly in Drosophila neural stem cells. PLoS Biol 2022; 20:e3001834. [PMID: 36223339 PMCID: PMC9555638 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) divide asymmetrically to balance their self-renewal and differentiation, an imbalance in which can lead to NSC overgrowth and tumor formation. The functions of Parafibromin, a conserved tumor suppressor, in the nervous system are not established. Here, we demonstrate that Drosophila Parafibromin/Hyrax (Hyx) inhibits ectopic NSC formation by governing cell polarity. Hyx is essential for the asymmetric distribution and/or maintenance of polarity proteins. hyx depletion results in the symmetric division of NSCs, leading to the formation of supernumerary NSCs in the larval brain. Importantly, we show that human Parafibromin rescues the ectopic NSC phenotype in Drosophila hyx mutant brains. We have also discovered that Hyx is required for the proper formation of interphase microtubule-organizing center and mitotic spindles in NSCs. Moreover, Hyx is required for the proper localization of 2 key centrosomal proteins, Polo and AurA, and the microtubule-binding proteins Msps and D-TACC in dividing NSCs. Furthermore, Hyx directly regulates the polo and aurA expression in vitro. Finally, overexpression of polo and aurA could significantly suppress ectopic NSC formation and NSC polarity defects caused by hyx depletion. Our data support a model in which Hyx promotes the expression of polo and aurA in NSCs and, in turn, regulates cell polarity and centrosome/microtubule assembly. This new paradigm may be relevant to future studies on Parafibromin/HRPT2-associated cancers. This study shows that the conserved tumor suppressor Parafibromin plays an important role in Drosophila neural stem cell function, regulating the expression of the centrosomal proteins Polo and AurA, modulating centrosome and microtubule assembly, and ultimately influencing neural stem cell polarity during cell division.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiannan Deng
- Neuroscience & Behavioral Disorders Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Cheng Wang
- Neuroscience & Behavioral Disorders Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Chwee Tat Koe
- Neuroscience & Behavioral Disorders Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Jan Peter Heinen
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ye Sing Tan
- Neuroscience & Behavioral Disorders Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Song Li
- Neuroscience & Behavioral Disorders Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Cayetano Gonzalez
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, ICREA, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Wing-Kin Sung
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Genome, Singapore
- Department of Computer Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hongyan Wang
- Neuroscience & Behavioral Disorders Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
- Dept. of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Graduate School—Integrative Sciences and Engineering Programme (ISEP), National University of Singapore, Singapore
- * E-mail:
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4
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Deng Q, Wang H. Re-visiting the principles of apicobasal polarity in Drosophila neural stem cells. Dev Biol 2022; 484:57-62. [PMID: 35181298 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2022.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The ability of stem cells to divide asymmetrically is crucial for cell-type diversity and tissue homeostasis. Drosophila neural stem cells, also knowns as neuroblasts, utilize asymmetric cell division to self-renew and give rise to differentiated daughter cells. Drosophila neuroblasts relies on the polarized protein complexes on the apical and basal cortex to govern cell polarity and asymmetry. Here, we review recent advances in our understanding of the neuroblast polarity focusing on how actin cytoskeleton, phosphoinositide lipids and liquid-liquid phase separation regulate the asymmetric cell division of Drosophila neuroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiannan Deng
- Neuroscience & Behavioral Disorders Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, 169857, Singapore
| | - Hongyan Wang
- Neuroscience & Behavioral Disorders Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, 169857, Singapore; Dept. of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117597, Singapore; Integrative Sciences and Engineering Programme, National University of Singapore, 28 Medical Drive, 117456, Singapore.
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5
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Abstract
Somatic stem cells are distinguished by their capacity to regenerate themselves and also to produce daughter cells that will differentiate. Self-renewal is achieved through the process of asymmetric cell division which helps to sustain tissue morphogenesis as well as maintain homeostasis. Asymmetric cell division results in the development of two daughter cells with different fates after a single mitosis. Only one daughter cell maintains "stemness" while the other differentiates and achieves a non-stem cell fate. Stem cells also have the capacity to undergo symmetric division of cells that results in the development of two daughter cells which are identical. Symmetric division results in the expansion of the stem cell population. Imbalances and deregulations in these processes can result in diseases such as cancer. Adult mammary stem cells (MaSCs) are a group of cells that play a critical role in the expansion of the mammary gland during puberty and any subsequent pregnancies. Furthermore, given the relatively long lifespans and their capability to undergo self-renewal, adult stem cells have been suggested as ideal candidates for transformation events that lead to the development of cancer. With the possibility that MaSCs can act as the source cells for distinct breast cancer types; understanding their regulation is an important field of research. In this review, we discuss asymmetric cell division in breast/mammary stem cells and implications on further research. We focus on the background history of asymmetric cell division, asymmetric cell division monitoring techniques, identified molecular mechanisms of asymmetric stem cell division, and the role asymmetric cell division may play in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brian W Booth
- Department of Bioengineering, Head-Cellular Engineering Laboratory, 401-1 Rhodes Engineering Research Center, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA.
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6
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The polarity protein PARD3 and cancer. Oncogene 2021; 40:4245-4262. [PMID: 34099863 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01813-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Tissue disorganisation is one of the main hallmarks of cancer. Polarity proteins are responsible for the arrangement of cells within epithelial tissues through the asymmetric organisation of cellular components. Partition defective 3 (PARD3) is a master regulator of the Par polarity complex primarily due to its ability to form large complexes via its self-homologous binding domain. In addition to its role in polarity, PARD3 is a scaffolding protein that binds to intracellular signalling molecules, many of which are frequently deregulated in cancer. The role of PARD3 has been implicated in multiple solid cancers as either a tumour suppressor or promoter. This dual functionality is both physiologically and cell context dependent. In this review, we will discuss PARD3's role in tumourigenesis in both laboratory and clinical settings. We will also review several of the mechanisms underpinning PARD3's function including its association with intracellular signalling pathways and its role in the regulation of asymmetric cell division.
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7
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Bonnay F, Veloso A, Steinmann V, Köcher T, Abdusselamoglu MD, Bajaj S, Rivelles E, Landskron L, Esterbauer H, Zinzen RP, Knoblich JA. Oxidative Metabolism Drives Immortalization of Neural Stem Cells during Tumorigenesis. Cell 2020; 182:1490-1507.e19. [PMID: 32916131 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is a key feature of many cancers, but how and when it contributes to tumorigenesis remains unclear. Here we demonstrate that metabolic reprogramming induced by mitochondrial fusion can be rate-limiting for immortalization of tumor-initiating cells (TICs) and trigger their irreversible dedication to tumorigenesis. Using single-cell transcriptomics, we find that Drosophila brain tumors contain a rapidly dividing stem cell population defined by upregulation of oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos). We combine targeted metabolomics and in vivo genetic screening to demonstrate that OxPhos is required for tumor cell immortalization but dispensable in neural stem cells (NSCs) giving rise to tumors. Employing an in vivo NADH/NAD+ sensor, we show that NSCs precisely increase OxPhos during immortalization. Blocking OxPhos or mitochondrial fusion stalls TICs in quiescence and prevents tumorigenesis through impaired NAD+ regeneration. Our work establishes a unique connection between cellular metabolism and immortalization of tumor-initiating cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Bonnay
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA), 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ana Veloso
- Systems Biology of Neurogenesis, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology (BIMSB), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Victoria Steinmann
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA), 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Köcher
- Vienna Biocenter Core Facilities (VBCF), 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Sunanjay Bajaj
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA), 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Elisa Rivelles
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Lisa Landskron
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA), 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Harald Esterbauer
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Robert P Zinzen
- Systems Biology of Neurogenesis, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology (BIMSB), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Juergen A Knoblich
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA), 1030 Vienna, Austria.
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8
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Malerød L, Le Borgne R, Lie-Jensen A, Eikenes ÅH, Brech A, Liestøl K, Stenmark H, Haglund K. Centrosomal ALIX regulates mitotic spindle orientation by modulating astral microtubule dynamics. EMBO J 2018; 37:embj.201797741. [PMID: 29858227 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201797741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2017] [Revised: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The orientation of the mitotic spindle (MS) is tightly regulated, but the molecular mechanisms are incompletely understood. Here we report a novel role for the multifunctional adaptor protein ALG-2-interacting protein X (ALIX) in regulating MS orientation in addition to its well-established role in cytokinesis. We show that ALIX is recruited to the pericentriolar material (PCM) of the centrosomes and promotes correct orientation of the MS in asymmetrically dividing Drosophila stem cells and epithelial cells, and symmetrically dividing Drosophila and human epithelial cells. ALIX-deprived cells display defective formation of astral microtubules (MTs), which results in abnormal MS orientation. Specifically, ALIX is recruited to the PCM via Drosophila Spindle defective 2 (DSpd-2)/Cep192, where ALIX promotes accumulation of γ-tubulin and thus facilitates efficient nucleation of astral MTs. In addition, ALIX promotes MT stability by recruiting microtubule-associated protein 1S (MAP1S), which stabilizes newly formed MTs. Altogether, our results demonstrate a novel evolutionarily conserved role of ALIX in providing robustness to the orientation of the MS by promoting astral MT formation during asymmetric and symmetric cell division.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lene Malerød
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Roland Le Borgne
- CNRS, IGDR (Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes) - UMR 6290, Univ. Rennes, Rennes, France.,Equipe labélisée Ligue Contre Le Cancer, Rennes, France
| | - Anette Lie-Jensen
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Åsmund Husabø Eikenes
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Andreas Brech
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Knut Liestøl
- Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Harald Stenmark
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kaisa Haglund
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway .,Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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9
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Kong L, Li J, Liu Y, Sun Z, Zhou S, Tang J, Ye T, Wang J, Rosie Xing H. Neuralized1a regulates asymmetric division in mouse Lewis lung carcinoma cells. Life Sci 2018; 206:70-76. [PMID: 29782871 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Asymmetric division (ASD), the unique characteristic of normal stem cells, is regarded as a stemness marker when applied to the study of cancer stem cells (CSCs). However, the role of ASD in the self-renewal of CSCs and its regulation remain largely unknown. Here, we first established a mouse Lewis lung carcinoma CSC cell line that could undergo asymmetric division (LLC-ASD cells) derived from the parental mouse Lewis lung carcinoma cancer cells (LLC-Parental cells). In vitro assessment of stemness by RT-qPCR and western blot analysis of stem cell markers, clonogenic assay (p < 0.001), single cell spheroid formation assay (p < 0.05) and 96-well-plate single-cell cloning assay (p < 0.01) indicated that the LLC-ASD cells exhibited stronger stemness features in comparison to the LLC-Parental cells. In vivo, tumorigenicity of LLC-ASD cells, transplanted subcutaneously to the nude mice, was increased compared to that of LLC-parental cells (p < 0.05). Further, Neuralized1a, a regulator of ASD in normal stem cells, was highly expressed in the LLC-ASD cells. Silencing Neuralized1a expression in LLC-ASD cells by siRNA weakened the stemness features measured by the in vitro assays listed above (p < 0.05). The tumorigenic ability was also decreased in the nude mice upon Neuralized1a silencing (p < 0.05). Collectively, the present study suggests that Neuralized1a regulates the stemness of LLC-ASD cells which could be the new marker and therapeutic target of CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangsheng Kong
- Laboratory of Translational Cancer Stem Cell Research, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingyuan Li
- Laboratory of Translational Cancer Stem Cell Research, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yongli Liu
- Laboratory of Translational Cancer Stem Cell Research, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- Laboratory of Translational Cancer Stem Cell Research, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shixia Zhou
- Laboratory of Translational Cancer Stem Cell Research, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Junling Tang
- Laboratory of Translational Cancer Stem Cell Research, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ting Ye
- Laboratory of Translational Cancer Stem Cell Research, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianyu Wang
- Laboratory of Translational Cancer Stem Cell Research, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - H Rosie Xing
- Laboratory of Translational Cancer Stem Cell Research, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Engineering in Medicine Co-Founded by Chongqing and the Ministry of Science and Technology, Chongqing, China.
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10
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Evaluating the immortal strand hypothesis in cancer stem cells: Symmetric/self-renewal as the relevant surrogate marker of tumorigenicity. Biochem Pharmacol 2014; 91:129-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2014.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2014] [Revised: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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11
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Belle VA, McDermott N, Meunier A, Marignol L. NUMB inhibition of NOTCH signalling as a therapeutic target in prostate cancer. Nat Rev Urol 2014; 11:499-507. [PMID: 25134838 PMCID: PMC5240474 DOI: 10.1038/nrurol.2014.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is among the most prevalent life-threatening cancers diagnosed in the male population today. Various methods have been exploited in an attempt to treat this disease but these treatments, alongside preventative tactics, have been insufficient to control mortality rates and have usually resulted in detrimental adverse events. An opportunity to devise more-specific and potentially more-effective approaches for the eradication of prostate tumours can be found by targeting specific biological pathways. NUMB (protein numb homologue), a key regulator of cell fate, represents an attractive, actionable target in prostate cancer. NUMB participates in the observed deregulation of NOTCH (neurogenic locus notch homologue protein) signalling in prostate tumours, and the NUMB-NOTCH interaction regulates cell fate. NUMB has potential both as a target for control of prostate tumorigenesis and as a biomarker for identification of patients with prostate cancer who are likely to benefit from NOTCH inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Niamh McDermott
- Radiation and Urologic Oncology, Applied Radiation Therapy Trinity and Prostate Molecular Oncology Research Group, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, James's Street, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Armelle Meunier
- Radiation and Urologic Oncology, Applied Radiation Therapy Trinity and Prostate Molecular Oncology Research Group, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, James's Street, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Laure Marignol
- Radiation and Urologic Oncology, Applied Radiation Therapy Trinity and Prostate Molecular Oncology Research Group, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, James's Street, Dublin 8, Ireland
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12
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C-Terminal Binding Protein: A Molecular Link between Metabolic Imbalance and Epigenetic Regulation in Breast Cancer. Int J Cell Biol 2013; 2013:647975. [PMID: 23762064 PMCID: PMC3671672 DOI: 10.1155/2013/647975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2012] [Revised: 04/14/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity has given rise to significant global concerns as numerous population-based studies demonstrate an incontrovertible association between obesity and breast cancer. Mechanisms proposed to account for this linkage include exaggerated levels of carbohydrate substrates, elevated levels of circulating mitogenic hormones, and inflammatory cytokines that impinge on epithelial programming in many tissues. Moreover, recently many scientists have rediscovered the observation, first described by Otto Warburg nearly a century ago, that most cancer cells undergo a dramatic metabolic shift in energy utilization and expenditure that fuels and supports the cellular expansion associated with malignant proliferation. This shift in substrate oxidation comes at the cost of sharp changes in the levels of the high energy intermediate, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH). In this review, we discuss a novel example of how shifts in the concentration and flux of substrates metabolized and generated during carbohydrate metabolism represent components of a signaling network that can influence epigenetic regulatory events in the nucleus. We refer to this regulatory process as "metabolic transduction" and describe how the C-terminal binding protein (CtBP) family of NADH-dependent nuclear regulators represents a primary example of how cellular metabolic status can influence epigenetic control of cellular function and fate.
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